A frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a frequency-dividing photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel, which belongs to the technical field of photothermal energy collecting panels. It includes an energy collecting controller; a transparent panel seat, a frequency-dividing unit, a heat collecting unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit. The transparent panel seat includes a transparent arc-shaped panel, and the back of the transparent arc-shaped panel is integrally formed with a plurality of partitions to form a plurality of back grooves, and the inner side of the even-numbered back grooves is integrally formed with a panel to form a diversion channel; the two sides of the transparent panel seat are fixed with a confluence channel; the transparent panel seat is sealed and embedded with a transition pipe at both ends of the diversion channel; the transition pipe is sealed and embedded with the confluence channel; the frequency-dividing unit includes a frequency-dividing film coated and cured on the front of the transparent panel seat and facing the back groove; it also includes a frequency-dividing heat exchange fluid injected into the confluence channel and the inner side of the diversion channel; the heat collecting unit includes a panel seat fixed to the middle of the outer side of the confluence channel. The frequency-dividing photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel of the present invention has a high utilization rate of solar energy and can fully convert solar energy into heat energy and electrical energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panels. Background Art

[0002] Solar photovoltaic and photothermal integrated components are mainly composed of two parts: photovoltaic and photothermal. The photovoltaic part uses mature solar photovoltaic panels to provide the required electricity for the building through the control system, mainly including photovoltaic cells, batteries, inverters and controllers. The photothermal part is mainly a collector, which converts solar energy into thermal energy and uses a thermal cycle mechanism to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and make more efficient use of solar thermal energy. The existing photothermal energy collection structure, such as the Chinese patent authorization announcement number: CN111006400B discloses a solar photovoltaic thermal collector, including a photovoltaic panel, a heat exchange tube with a reflective coating on the surface, an insulation board, a backboard, a frame and a control device, wherein the photovoltaic panel includes a first light-transmitting glass, a second light-transmitting glass, a plurality of insulation frames, a plurality of second cavities, a plurality of solar cells and a plurality of electrochromic films; the structure needs to adjust the color-changing film according to the intensity of solar radiation to heat the heat exchange tube, which leads to excessive labor intensity for the staff; another example is China Patent Authorization Announcement No.: CN117515922B, which discloses an adjustable photovoltaic thermal collector, including a containing box and a plurality of cooling boxes arranged inside the containing box; the structure can continuously cool the photovoltaic panel and intermittently adjust its position to improve the power generation effect, and can output hot water of two temperatures at the same time; but the above structure needs to further improve the utilization rate of solar energy. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel, which has a high solar energy utilization rate and can fully convert solar energy into heat energy and electrical energy.

[0004] The frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel of the present invention comprises:

[0005] Energy collection controller for whole machine control;

[0006] A transparent plate seat, the transparent plate seat comprising a transparent curved plate, the back of the transparent curved plate is integrally formed with a plurality of partitions to form a plurality of back grooves, and the inner sides of the even-numbered back grooves are integrally formed with a surrounding plate to form a flow divider; the two sides of the transparent plate seat are fixed with flow confluence channels; the transparent plate seat is sealed with transition pipes at both ends of the flow divider; the transition pipe is sealed and embedded with the flow confluence channel;

[0007] A frequency division unit, the frequency division unit includes a frequency division film coated and cured on the front side of the transparent plate base and facing the back groove; and also includes a frequency division heat exchange fluid injected into the inner side of the converging channel and the branching channel;

[0008] A heat collecting unit, wherein the heat collecting unit comprises a plate seat fixed to the middle part of the outer side of a confluence channel, a support platform is fixed on the plate seat, and a plurality of heat collecting tubes are fixed on the support platform at intervals; a heat exchange end of adjacent heat collecting tubes is interconnected through a first U-shaped tube; a hot medium end of the heat collecting tube is connected through a second U-shaped tube; the heat exchange end of the heat collecting tube at the bottom end is connected to a water inlet pipe; the heat exchange end of the heat collecting tube at the top end is connected to a water outlet pipe; the hot medium end of the heat collecting tube at the bottom end is connected to a liquid return valve; the heat exchange end of the heat collecting tube at the top end is connected to a liquid inlet valve; the liquid inlet valve is connected to a circulation pump group, and the input end of the circulation pump group is connected to the bottom of the confluence channel on one side; the liquid return valve is connected to the upper part of the confluence channel on the other side through a liquid return pipe; the circulation pump group can circulate the frequency-divided heat exchange fluid in the branch channel and the confluence channel, so as to realize heating for the heat collecting tube;

[0009] A photovoltaic power generation unit is embedded and fixed on the inner side of the back groove, and the photovoltaic power generation unit is pressed on the bottom surface of the transparent arc plate or the partition.

[0010] The solar energy will directly hit the transparent plate base and the heat collecting tube. The heat collecting tube directly absorbs the solar energy. At the same time, the solar energy is divided by the frequency division film and the frequency division heat exchange fluid of the frequency division unit. The divided spectral bands pass through the transparent plate base, are absorbed by the photovoltaic power generation unit and converted into electrical energy. The photovoltaic power generation unit can fully absorb the divided frequency bands. The frequency division film simultaneously concentrates and reflects, and the reflected wavelength is refracted and concentrated to the heat collecting tube, so as to realize continuous heating of the heat collecting tube. The frequency division heat exchange fluid realizes frequency division and heat absorption, and feeds back the heat to the heat collecting tube, so as to continuously heat the heat collecting tube again. Thus, the photovoltaic power generation unit can fully absorb light and convert it into electrical energy. At the same time, multi-pass heating of the heat collecting tube is realized to ensure the efficiency of solar energy absorption.

[0011] Furthermore, temperature transmitters are installed on the confluence channel and the second U-shaped tube; the temperature transmitter collects the temperature values ​​of the confluence channel and the second U-shaped tube in real time, and subtracts the temperature value of the second U-shaped tube from the collected confluence channel temperature value to obtain a temperature difference. When the temperature difference reaches a set value, the circulating pump group is activated to pump the heat-absorbing frequency-divided heat exchange fluid into the transparent plate seat; after the circulating pump group is turned on for a set time (the frequency-divided heat exchange fluid fully fills the transparent plate seat), the circulating pump group, the liquid inlet valve and the liquid return valve are closed synchronously until the frequency-divided heat exchange fluid completes heating the heat collecting tube, and then the liquid return valve is opened for external discharge, and after external discharge, the liquid return valve is closed; until the temperature difference is reached again, the circulating pump group is started again.

[0012] Furthermore, a support is fixed to the bottom surface of the transparent panel seat, and the support is fixed to a solar tracker; the solar tracker can track the direction of sunlight and automatically adjust the circumferential angle and the tilt angle; thereby enabling the transparent panel seat to track the direction of sunlight in real time.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat collecting tube comprises a vacuum glass tube body, a sealing head is provided at the end of the vacuum glass tube body, a heat exchange straight tube is fixed at the inner axis of the vacuum glass tube body; a heat exchange coil is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange straight tube, and both ends of the heat exchange coil extend out of the sealing head; PCM phase change filler is filled between the vacuum glass tube body and the heat exchange straight tube; adjacent heat exchange coils are connected by a second U-shaped tube; when the heat collecting tube is in use, direct solar energy irradiates the vacuum glass tube body and is absorbed by the PCM phase change filler on the inner side of the vacuum glass tube body. When the heat absorption temperature of the frequency-divided heat exchange liquid reaches the set value, the circulating pump group The frequency-divided heat exchange liquid in the confluence channel and the branch channel is sent to the second U-shaped tube, and then enters the heat exchange coil. The heat exchange coil exchanges heat with the PCM phase change filler. After the frequency-divided heat exchange liquid heats the PCM phase change filler, the frequency-divided heat exchange liquid is discharged from the heat exchange coil, and is sent back to another confluence channel through the return valve and the return pipe, and is re-divided to each branch channel through the confluence channel; when hot water is needed, the water inlet pipe pumps cold water into the heat exchange straight pipe, and the PCM phase change filler transfers heat to the cold water through the heat exchange straight pipe, thereby heating the cold water. After heating, it is discharged through the water outlet pipe, and the hot water is sent to the hot water use end.

[0014] Furthermore, the return liquid pipe is connected to the interior of the heat collecting single tube, and the heat collecting single tube is fixed to the outside of the conduit; the heat collecting single tube is a vacuum glass tube body with closed ends and connected to the return liquid pipe; since the transparent arc plate has a large span, the heat collecting single tube is connected in series to the return liquid pipe, and the heat collecting single tube is used to insulate and heat the frequency-dividing heat exchange liquid.

[0015] Furthermore, the liquid inlet valve and liquid return valve are arranged on one side close to the heat collecting tube; after the heat exchange is completed, the liquid inlet valve is closed first, and then the liquid return valve is closed, and the frequency-divided heat exchange liquid is discharged from the heat exchange coil by utilizing the height difference, and after the discharge, the liquid return valve is closed, so that the heat exchange coil is formed into a hollow state, thereby avoiding the heat cycle from consuming the heat accumulated in the PCM phase change filler.

[0016] Furthermore, the thickness of the frequency division film is 2~5mm; the frequency division film includes a refractive frequency division filler mixed in an adhesive; the transparent arc plate is a parabolic structure, and the frequency division film has a focusing function when dividing the frequency, and refracts solar energy to the heat collecting tube; within the wavelength range of 250~2500nm of the solar spectrum, the transmittance of the frequency division film is 70~80%, and the reflectivity of the frequency division film is 20~30%; the reflected wavelength is refracted and concentrated to the heat collecting tube; the heat collecting tube realizes direct solar energy irradiation and heat collection, and the frequency division band reflects and gathers heat; in addition, the PCM phase change filler can also be heated by a frequency division heat exchange fluid; the heat collecting tube can fully collect heat; the frequency division heat exchange fluid is propylene glycol; using propylene glycol as a frequency division heat exchange fluid, propylene glycol can divide the solar energy spectrum; wavelengths within 700nm~1100nm pass through propylene glycol and irradiate the photovoltaic power generation unit, and photovoltaic power generation is performed through the photovoltaic power generation unit; the remaining wavelengths of solar energy are directly absorbed by propylene glycol; the absorbed heat is sent to the PCM phase change filler for heat recovery.

[0017] Furthermore, the refractive frequency-splitting filler includes a first refractive filler and a second refractive filler; the first refractive filler is composed of one or both of Nb2O3 material and Na3AlF6 material; the second refractive filler is made of Ge material; Nb2O3 material and Na3AlF6 material are high refractive index fillers, and Ge is used as a low refractive index filler. By adjusting the ratio of the first refractive filler and the second refractive filler, the transmittance of the frequency-splitting film is 70% to 80% within the wavelength range of 250 to 2500 nm for the solar spectrum, and the remainder is reflectivity.

[0018] Furthermore, side panels are fixed on both sides of the transparent plate seat, and the confluence channel is arranged on the inner side of the side panels; the confluence channel is an arc-shaped tube with closed ends; the two ends of the transition tube are respectively embedded in the confluence channel and the branch channel; the embedding position between the transition tube and the branch channel is sealed by glass glue, and the embedding position between the transition tube and the confluence channel is sealed by solder; the transparent plate seat is structurally strengthened by the side panels, the branch channel, the transition tube and the confluence channel are interconnected, and the embedding seam can be sealed by glass glue and solder.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel of the present invention has a high solar energy utilization rate, and utilizes the photovoltaic power generation unit on the entire bottom surface of the transparent curved panel to fully absorb energy and generate electricity, and directly absorbs each band of the solar energy spectrum through the heat collecting tube, and can absorb the divided bands through refraction; at the same time, heat absorption and frequency division are achieved through the frequency-divided heat exchange fluid, and the frequency-divided heat exchange fluid after heat absorption performs two phase change heat absorption on the inside of the heat collecting tube, which can fully convert solar energy into thermal energy; at the same time, after the solar energy is divided by the frequency-divided heat exchange fluid and the frequency-divided film, the divided spectrum can be sent to the photovoltaic power generation unit on the entire bottom surface of the transparent curved panel; the heat absorption and power generation efficiency are high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the transparent plate base of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the transparent plate base, photovoltaic power generation unit and frequency-dividing heat exchange fluid of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel and the single heat collecting tube of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heat collecting tube of the present invention.

[0025] Figure numerals: 1. transparent curved plate, 2. partition, 3. back groove, 4. enclosure, 5. branch channel, 6. confluence channel, 7. transition pipe, 8. frequency division film, 9. frequency division heat exchange liquid, 10. plate seat, 11. bracket, 12. collector tube, 13. first U-shaped tube, 14. second U-shaped tube, 15. water inlet pipe, 16. water outlet pipe, 17. return liquid valve, 18. inlet valve, 19. circulation pump group, 20. return liquid pipe, 21. photovoltaic power generation unit, 22. temperature transmitter, 23. vacuum glass tube body, 24. head, 25. heat exchange straight tube, 26. heat exchange coil, 27. PCM phase change filler, 28. collector single tube, 29. side plate, 30. support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Example:

[0027] like Figures 1 to 5 The frequency-divided photovoltaic-thermal energy collecting panel shown comprises:

[0028] Energy collection controller for whole machine control;

[0029] A transparent plate seat, the transparent plate seat comprising a transparent curved plate 1, the back of the transparent curved plate 1 is integrally formed with a plurality of partitions 2 to form a plurality of back grooves 3, the inner side of the even number of back grooves 3 is integrally formed with a surrounding plate 4 to form a flow divider 5; the two sides of the transparent plate seat are fixed with a confluence channel 6; the transparent plate seat is sealed and embedded with a transition pipe 7 at both ends of the flow divider 5; the transition pipe 7 is sealed and embedded with the confluence channel 6;

[0030] A frequency division unit, the frequency division unit includes a frequency division film 8 coated and cured on the front of the transparent plate base and facing the back groove 3; and also includes a frequency division heat exchange fluid 9 injected into the inner side of the converging channel 6 and the branching channel 5;

[0031] A heat collecting unit, the heat collecting unit comprises a plate seat 10 fixed to the middle of the outer side of the confluence channel 6, a bracket 11 is fixed on the plate seat 10, and a plurality of heat collecting tubes 12 are fixed on the bracket 11 at intervals; a heat exchange end of adjacent heat collecting tubes 12 is connected to each other through a first U-shaped tube 13; a heat medium end of the heat collecting tube 12 is connected through a second U-shaped tube 14; the heat exchange end of the heat collecting tube 12 at the bottom is connected to a water inlet pipe 15; the heat exchange end of the heat collecting tube 12 at the top is connected to a water outlet pipe 16; the hot medium end of the heat collecting pipe 12 at the bottom is connected to the liquid return valve 17; the heat exchange end of the heat collecting pipe 12 at the top is connected to the liquid inlet valve 18; the liquid inlet valve 18 is connected to the circulation pump group 19, and the input end of the circulation pump group 19 is connected to the bottom of the confluence channel 6 on one side; the liquid return valve 17 is connected to the upper part of the confluence channel 6 on the other side through the liquid return pipe 20; the circulation pump group 19 can circulate the frequency-divided heat exchange liquid 9 in the branch channel 5 and the confluence channel 6, so as to realize heating for the heat collecting pipe 12;

[0032] The photovoltaic power generation unit 21 is embedded and fixed inside the back groove 3 , and the photovoltaic power generation unit 21 is pressed onto the bottom surface of the transparent curved plate 1 or the partition plate 2 .

[0033] The solar energy will directly irradiate the transparent plate seat 10 and the heat collecting tube 12. The heat collecting tube 12 directly absorbs the solar energy. At the same time, the solar energy is divided by the frequency division film 8 and the frequency division heat exchange fluid 9 of the frequency division unit. The divided spectral band passes through the transparent plate seat 10, is absorbed by the photovoltaic power generation unit 21 and converted into electrical energy; the photovoltaic power generation unit 21 can fully absorb the divided frequency band; the frequency division film 8 simultaneously focuses and reflects, and the reflected wavelength is refracted and concentrated to the heat collecting tube 12, so as to realize continuous heating of the heat collecting tube 12; the frequency division heat exchange fluid 9 realizes frequency division and heat absorption, and feeds back the heat to the heat collecting tube 12, so as to continuously heat the heat collecting tube 12 again; thereby realizing that the photovoltaic power generation unit 21 fully absorbs light and converts it into electrical energy, and at the same time, realizes multi-pass heating of the heat collecting tube 12 to ensure the solar energy absorption efficiency.

[0034] The confluence channel 6 and the second U-shaped tube 14 are both equipped with a temperature transmitter 22; the temperature transmitter 22 collects the temperature value of the confluence channel 6 and the second U-shaped tube 14 in real time, and subtracts the temperature value of the second U-shaped tube 14 from the collected temperature value of the confluence channel 6 to obtain a temperature difference. When the temperature difference reaches a set value, the circulation pump group 19 is activated to pump the heat-absorbing frequency-dividing heat exchange fluid 9 into the transparent plate seat 10; after the circulation pump group 19 is turned on for a set time (the frequency-dividing heat exchange fluid 9 is fully filled into the transparent plate seat 10), the circulation pump group 19, the liquid inlet valve 18 and the liquid return valve 17 are synchronously closed until the frequency-dividing heat exchange fluid 9 completes heating the heat collecting tube 12, and then the liquid return valve 17 is opened for external discharge, and after external discharge, the liquid return valve 17 is closed; until the temperature difference is reached again, the circulation pump group 19 is started again.

[0035] A support 30 is fixed to the bottom surface of the transparent plate base 10, and the support 30 is fixed to a solar tracker; the solar tracker can track the direction of sunlight and automatically adjust the circumferential angle and the tilt angle; so that the transparent plate base 10 can track the direction of sunlight in real time.

[0036] The heat collecting tube 12 comprises a vacuum glass tube body 23, a sealing head 24 is provided at the end of the vacuum glass tube body 23, a heat exchange straight tube 25 is fixed at the inner axis of the vacuum glass tube body 23; a heat exchange coil 26 is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange straight tube 25, and both ends of the heat exchange coil 26 extend out of the sealing head 24; a PCM phase change filler 27 is filled between the vacuum glass tube body 23 and the heat exchange straight tube 25; adjacent heat exchange coils 26 are connected through a second U-shaped tube 14; when the heat collecting tube 12 is in use, direct solar energy irradiates the vacuum glass tube body 23 and is absorbed by the PCM phase change filler 27 inside the vacuum glass tube body 23. When the absorption temperature of the frequency division heat exchange fluid 9 reaches the set value, the circulating pump group 1 9 acts to send the frequency-divided heat exchange fluid 9 in the confluence channel 6 and the branch channel 5 into the second U-shaped tube 14, and then into the heat exchange coil 26. The heat exchange coil 26 exchanges heat with the PCM phase change filler 27. After the frequency-divided heat exchange fluid 9 heats the PCM phase change filler 27, the frequency-divided heat exchange fluid 9 is discharged from the heat exchange coil 26, and is sent back to another confluence channel 6 through the return valve 17 and the return pipe 20, and is re-divided to each branch channel 5 through the confluence channel 6; when hot water is needed, the water inlet pipe 15 pumps cold water into the heat exchange straight pipe 25, and the PCM phase change filler 27 transfers heat to the cold water through the heat exchange straight pipe 25, thereby heating the cold water. After heating, it is discharged through the water outlet pipe 16, and the hot water is sent to the hot water use end.

[0037] The return liquid pipe 20 is connected to the inside of the heat collecting single tube 28, and the heat collecting single tube 28 is fixed to the outside of the confluence channel 6; the heat collecting single tube 28 is a vacuum glass tube body 23 with closed ends and connected to the return liquid pipe 20; since the transparent arc plate 1 has a large span, the heat collecting single tube 28 is connected in series to the return liquid pipe 20, and the heat collecting single tube 28 is used to insulate and heat the frequency-dividing heat exchange liquid 9.

[0038] The liquid inlet valve 18 and the liquid return valve 17 are arranged on one side close to the heat collecting tube 12; when the heat exchange is completed, the liquid inlet valve 18 is closed first, and then the liquid return valve 17 is closed, and the frequency-divided heat exchange liquid 9 is discharged from the heat exchange coil 26 by utilizing the head difference. After the discharge, the liquid return valve 17 is closed, so that the heat exchange coil 26 forms a hollow state, thereby avoiding the heat cycle from consuming the heat accumulated in the PCM phase change filler 27.

[0039] The frequency division film 8 has a thickness of 2-5 mm; the frequency division film 8 includes a refractive frequency division filler mixed in an adhesive; the transparent arc plate 1 is a parabolic structure, and the frequency division film 8 has a light-gathering function when dividing the frequency, and refracts the solar energy to the heat collection tube 12; the solar spectrum is within the wavelength range of 250-2500 nm, the transmittance of the frequency division film 8 is 70-80%, and the reflectivity of the frequency division film 8 is 20-30%; the reflected wavelength is refracted and gathered to the heat collection tube 12; the heat collection tube 12 realizes direct solar irradiation and heat collection, and the frequency division band reflects In addition, the PCM phase change filler 27 can be heated by the frequency division heat exchange fluid 9, so that the heat collecting pipe 12 can fully collect heat. The frequency division heat exchange fluid 9 is propylene glycol. Propylene glycol is used as the frequency division heat exchange fluid 9, and propylene glycol can divide the solar energy spectrum. The wavelength of 700nm~1100nm passes through propylene glycol and irradiates the photovoltaic power generation unit 21, and photovoltaic power generation is performed through the photovoltaic power generation unit 21. The remaining wavelengths of solar energy are directly absorbed by propylene glycol. The absorbed heat is sent to the PCM phase change filler 27 for heat recovery.

[0040] The refractive frequency-dividing filler includes a first refractive filler and a second refractive filler; the first refractive filler is composed of one or both of Nb2O3 material and Na3AlF6 material; the second refractive filler is made of Ge material; Nb2O3 material and Na3AlF6 material are high refractive index fillers, and Ge is used as a low refractive index filler. By adjusting the ratio of the first refractive filler and the second refractive filler, the transmittance of the frequency-dividing film 8 is 70% to 80% within the wavelength range of 250 to 2500 nm for the solar spectrum, and the remainder is reflectivity.

[0041] Side panels 29 are fixed on both sides of the transparent plate seat 10, and the confluence channel 6 is arranged on the inner side of the side panels 29; the confluence channel 6 is an arc-shaped tube with closed ends; the two ends of the transition pipe 7 are respectively embedded in the confluence channel 6 and the branch channel 5; the embedding position between the transition pipe 7 and the branch channel 5 is sealed by glass glue, and the embedding position between the transition pipe 7 and the confluence channel 6 is sealed by solder; the structure of the transparent plate seat 10 is strengthened by the side panels 29, the branch channel 5, the transition pipe 7 and the confluence channel 6 are interconnected, and the embedding seam can be sealed by glass glue and solder.

[0042] The above embodiments are only preferred implementations of the present invention, so any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structures, features and principles described in the scope of application of the present invention are included in the scope of application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel, characterized in that: include: Energy collection controller for whole machine control; A transparent plate seat, the transparent plate seat comprising a transparent curved plate, the back of the transparent curved plate is integrally formed with a plurality of partitions to form a plurality of back grooves, and the inner sides of the even-numbered back grooves are integrally formed with a surrounding plate to form a flow divider; the two sides of the transparent plate seat are fixed with flow confluence channels; the transparent plate seat is sealed with transition pipes at both ends of the flow divider; the transition pipe is sealed and embedded with the flow confluence channel; A frequency division unit, the frequency division unit includes a frequency division film coated and cured on the front side of the transparent plate base and facing the back groove; and also includes a frequency division heat exchange fluid injected into the inner side of the converging channel and the branching channel; A heat collecting unit, the heat collecting unit comprising a plate seat fixed to the middle of the outer side of a conduit, a support platform fixed on the plate seat, and a plurality of heat collecting tubes fixed on the support platform at intervals; a heat exchange end of adjacent heat collecting tubes is interconnected through a first U-shaped tube; a hot medium end of the heat collecting tube is connected through a second U-shaped tube; the heat exchange end of the heat collecting tube at the bottom end is connected to a water inlet pipe; the heat exchange end of the heat collecting tube at the top end is connected to a water outlet pipe; the hot medium end of the heat collecting tube at the bottom end is connected to a liquid return valve; the heat exchange end of the heat collecting tube at the top end is connected to a liquid inlet valve; the liquid inlet valve is connected to a circulation pump group, and the input end of the circulation pump group is connected to the bottom of the conduit on one side; the liquid return valve is connected to the upper part of the conduit on the other side through a liquid return pipe; A photovoltaic power generation unit is embedded and fixed on the inner side of the back groove, and the photovoltaic power generation unit is pressed on the bottom surface of the transparent arc plate or the partition.

2. The frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The confluence channel and the second U-shaped tube are both equipped with temperature transmitters.

3. The frequency-divided photovoltaic-thermal energy collecting panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support platform is fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent plate seat, and the support platform is fixed to the solar tracker.

4. The frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat collecting tube comprises a vacuum glass tube body, a sealing head is provided at the end of the vacuum glass tube body, a heat exchange straight tube is fixed at the inner axis of the vacuum glass tube body; a heat exchange coil is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange straight tube, and both ends of the heat exchange coil extend out of the sealing head; PCM phase change filler is filled between the vacuum glass tube body and the heat exchange straight tube; adjacent heat exchange coils are connected through a second U-shaped tube.

5. The frequency-divided photovoltaic-thermal energy collecting panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid return pipe is connected to the inside of the heat collecting single tube, and the heat collecting single tube is fixed to the outside of the confluence channel; the heat collecting single tube is a vacuum glass tube body with closed ends and connected to the liquid return pipe.

6. The frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet valve and the liquid return valve are arranged on a side close to the heat collecting tube.

7. The frequency-divided photovoltaic thermal energy collecting panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency division film has a thickness of 2-5 mm; the frequency division film comprises a refractive frequency division filler mixed in an adhesive; and the frequency division heat exchange fluid is propylene glycol.

8. The frequency-divided photovoltaic-thermal energy collecting panel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The refractive frequency-dividing filler comprises a first refractive filler and a second refractive filler; the first refractive filler is made of one or both of Nb2O3 material and Na3AlF6 material; the second refractive filler is made of Ge material.

9. The frequency-divided photovoltaic-thermal energy collecting panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Side plates are fixed on both sides of the transparent plate seat, and the confluence channel is arranged on the inner side of the side plates; the confluence channel is an arc-shaped tube with closed ends; the two ends of the transition tube are respectively embedded in the confluence channel and the branch channel; the embedding position between the transition tube and the branch channel is sealed by glass glue, and the embedding position between the transition tube and the confluence channel is sealed by solder.

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