Detection device and detection method for main shaft bearing of wind driven generator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power, and particularly discloses a device and method for detecting a spindle bearing of a wind driven generator, a plurality of magnets are fixed on a spindle, and a Hall sensor is fixedly mounted on one side of the spindle; the main shaft is started to rotate, and it is ensured that the main shaft keeps stable in the rotating process; the Hall sensor converts magnetic field changes in the rotating process of the main shaft into electric signals, and data are stored through the data acquisition circuit. And importing the collected data into external equipment, processing and analyzing the collected data, and generating a rotation track diagram. Detection can be carried out in the normal operation state of the main shaft and the main shaft bearing of the wind power generator, the detection efficiency is improved, the operation content in the detection process is reduced, and the detection difficulty is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wind power technology, and in particular to a detection device and a detection method for a main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator. Background Art

[0002] At present, the main shaft bearing is one of the key components of wind turbines. It is mainly used to support and fix the main shaft, and at the same time bear the axial and radial loads generated by the wind turbine during operation. The main shaft bearing of the wind turbine is equipped with a sealing structure and lubricant inside. The sealing structure can prevent dust and impurities from entering and keep the lubricant from leaking, thereby reducing wear and extending the service life of the bearing. Static detection cannot replace the complex situations in the actual operation of the bearing.

[0003] The prior art CN118758509A provides a detection device and a detection method for the main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator, comprising a base plate, a mounting frame fixedly connected to the top of the base plate, and further comprising: a fixed seat, the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate, the fixed seat is configured as a detachable bearing seat, and the fixed seat is used to place the bearing to be detected; a fixed blocking component, the fixed blocking component is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed seat, the fixed blocking component is used to block one end of the bearing, an air pump is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate, and one end of the air pump is connected to the fixed blocking component; a movable blocking component, the movable blocking component The component is arranged on the top of the mounting frame, the movable sealing component is used to seal the end of the bearing away from the fixed seat, the top of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a barrel body, the inside of the barrel body is filled with water, and the part of the barrel body below the water surface is connected with the movable sealing component through a pipeline; the rotation simulation component is arranged on the top of the mounting frame, and the rotation simulation component is used to simulate the working environment of the bearing; the load simulation component is arranged on the fixed sealing component, and the load simulation component is used to simulate the load condition of the bearing; the clamping component is used to fix the load simulation component to the rotor of the bearing.

[0004] However, in the prior art, it is impossible to perform inspection during the operation of the wind turbine generator set. The inspection can only be performed in specific places and equipment after the bearings are disassembled, resulting in a long inspection cycle and a cumbersome inspection process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection device and a detection method for the main shaft bearing of a wind turbine, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is impossible to perform detection during the operation of the wind turbine generator set, and the detection can only be performed after the bearing is disassembled in a specific place and equipment, resulting in a long detection cycle and a cumbersome detection process.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts a method for detecting a main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator, comprising the following steps:

[0007] A plurality of magnets are fixed on the main shaft, and a Hall sensor is fixedly mounted on one side of the main shaft;

[0008] Start the spindle to rotate and ensure that the spindle remains stable during the rotation;

[0009] The Hall sensor converts the magnetic field changes during the spindle rotation into electrical signals and stores the data through the data acquisition circuit;

[0010] The collected data is imported into an external device, processed and analyzed, and a rotation trajectory diagram is generated.

[0011] Among them, a plurality of magnets are fixed on the main shaft, and the Hall sensor is fixedly installed on one side of the main shaft, specifically including:

[0012] The magnet is evenly fixed to the outer wall of the main shaft, the detection end of the Hall sensor is adapted to the magnet, the magnetic poles of the magnet correspond to the front and back sides of the Hall sensor, and the main shaft is evenly operated to detect the detection accuracy between the Hall sensor and the magnet.

[0013] Wherein, the magnets are evenly fixed to the outer wall of the main shaft, specifically including:

[0014] Fix 4 groups of magnets evenly on the outer wall of the main shaft, and test whether the Hall sensor can accurately detect the 4 groups of magnets. After accurately detecting the 4 groups of magnets, fix 4 more groups of magnets evenly between the 4 groups of magnets, and test whether the Hall sensor can accurately detect 8 groups of magnets. After accurately detecting 8 groups of magnets, fix 8 more groups of magnets evenly between the 8 groups of magnets, and test whether the Hall sensor can accurately detect 16 groups of magnets. After accurately detecting 16 groups of magnets, fix 16 more groups of magnets evenly between the 16 groups of magnets, and check the 32 groups of magnets again until the magnets tightly surround the main shaft or the Hall sensor cannot accurately identify the number of magnets, then stop adding magnets.

[0015] Among them, the Hall sensor converts the magnetic field changes during the spindle rotation into electrical signals and stores the data through the data acquisition circuit, including:

[0016] The rotation of the spindle drives the magnet to rotate. The continuous rotation of the magnet causes Hall voltage to be generated at both ends of the Hall sensor under the action of the magnetic field. The Hall voltage is amplified by the amplifier to collect the electrical signal when the spindle rotates, which is collected by the collection circuit and stored in the memory.

[0017] Among them, the Hall voltage is amplified by an amplifier, specifically including:

[0018] A feedback circuit is introduced into the amplifier circuit to improve the stability and linearity of the circuit. A filter is added to the amplifier circuit to filter out high-frequency noise and interference signals. A protection circuit is added to the input and output ends of the amplifier circuit to prevent abnormal conditions such as overvoltage and overcurrent.

[0019] The collected data is imported into an external device, and the collected data is processed and analyzed to generate a rotation trajectory diagram, which specifically includes:

[0020] The spindle rotation data collected by the Hall sensor is preprocessed, and the preprocessed data is converted into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter. The converted digital signal is further calibrated. By comparing it with the standard signal, the output value is adjusted, the output error is reduced, the output data fluctuation and noise are further reduced, the data features are extracted, the extracted data features are converted into angle information, and the rotation trajectory diagram is drawn according to the angle information.

[0021] The present invention also provides a detection device for a main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator, comprising a processor, a memory and a data interface, wherein the processor, the memory and the data interface are interconnected, wherein the data interface is used to access a Hall sensor or an external device, the memory is used to store data content, and the processor is used to call program instructions and perform corresponding calculations according to the program instructions to execute any of the above-mentioned detection methods for the main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator.

[0022] The present invention discloses a detection device and a detection method for a main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator. A plurality of magnets are installed on the outer wall of the main shaft. The plurality of magnets are detected and measured by a Hall sensor. A magnetic field change is formed on the main shaft surface by the plurality of magnets. When the Hall sensor receives the magnetic field change, the Hall sensor generates a Hall voltage. The electrical signal of the main shaft rotation is collected by the Hall voltage. The electrical signal of the main shaft rotation is calculated and processed to convert the electrical signal into angle information. A rotation trajectory diagram is drawn using a drawing tool according to the angle information. The stability of the main shaft rotation is analyzed according to the rotation trajectory diagram. When the measured rotation trajectory diagram is a normal trajectory, it indicates that the main shaft and the main shaft bearing are closely matched and no abnormal wear occurs. When the measured rotation trajectory diagram is an abnormal trajectory, abnormal wear or foreign matter occurs between the surface main shaft and the main shaft bearing. Therefore, the main shaft and the main shaft bearing need to be further disassembled and tested. The above method can detect the main shaft and the main shaft bearing of the wind turbine generator under normal operation. While improving the detection efficiency, it also reduces the operation content in the detection process and reduces the detection difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the steps of a method for detecting a main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a detection device for a main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator according to the present invention.

[0026] 1-processor, 2-memory, 3-data interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for detecting a main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1: Fix multiple magnets on the main shaft and fix the Hall sensor to one side of the main shaft;

[0029] S2: Start the spindle to rotate and ensure that the spindle remains stable during the rotation;

[0030] S3: The Hall sensor converts the magnetic field changes during the spindle rotation into electrical signals and stores the data through the data acquisition circuit;

[0031] S4: Import the collected data into an external device, process and analyze the collected data, and generate a rotation trajectory diagram.

[0032] In this embodiment, multiple magnets are installed on the outer wall of the main shaft, and the multiple magnets are detected and measured by the Hall sensor at the same time. The multiple magnets form a magnetic field change on the main shaft surface. When the Hall sensor receives the magnetic field change, the Hall sensor generates a Hall voltage, so as to collect the electrical signal of the main shaft rotation through the Hall voltage, and the electrical signal of the main shaft rotation is calculated and processed to convert the electrical signal into angle information. A rotation trajectory diagram is drawn according to the angle information using a drawing tool, and the stability of the main shaft rotation is analyzed according to the rotation trajectory diagram. When the measured rotation trajectory diagram is a normal trajectory, it indicates that the main shaft and the main shaft bearing are tightly matched and there is no abnormal wear. When the measured rotation trajectory diagram is an abnormal trajectory, abnormal wear or foreign matter occurs between the surface main shaft and the main shaft bearing, so the main shaft and the main shaft bearing need to be further disassembled and inspected.

[0033] Furthermore, a plurality of magnets are fixed on the main shaft, and the Hall sensor is fixedly installed on one side of the main shaft, specifically including:

[0034] The magnet is evenly fixed to the outer wall of the main shaft, the detection end of the Hall sensor is adapted to the magnet, the magnetic poles of the magnet correspond to the front and back sides of the Hall sensor, and the main shaft is evenly operated to detect the detection accuracy between the Hall sensor and the magnet.

[0035] In this embodiment, the front and back sides of the Hall sensor are opposite to the magnetic poles of the magnet to ensure that the Hall sensor can accurately sense and respond to changes in the magnetic field, thereby outputting correct electrical signals and improving the output accuracy of the Hall voltage.

[0036] Further, the magnets are evenly fixed to the outer wall of the main shaft, specifically including:

[0037] Fix 4 groups of magnets evenly on the outer wall of the main shaft, and test whether the Hall sensor can accurately detect the 4 groups of magnets. After accurately detecting the 4 groups of magnets, fix 4 more groups of magnets evenly between the 4 groups of magnets, and test whether the Hall sensor can accurately detect 8 groups of magnets. After accurately detecting 8 groups of magnets, fix 8 more groups of magnets evenly between the 8 groups of magnets, and test whether the Hall sensor can accurately detect 16 groups of magnets. After accurately detecting 16 groups of magnets, fix 16 more groups of magnets evenly between the 16 groups of magnets, and check the 32 groups of magnets again until the magnets tightly surround the main shaft or the Hall sensor cannot accurately identify the number of magnets, then stop adding magnets.

[0038] In this embodiment, the main shaft diameter of each wind turbine motor and the installation position of the Hall sensor are different, and the models of the Hall sensors are also different. The number of installed magnets can be increased as much as possible. The number of installed magnets can collect more Hall voltages. More Hall voltages can further improve the accuracy of collecting main shaft rotation data, thereby improving the accuracy of the main shaft rotation trajectory diagram and reducing collection errors.

[0039] Furthermore, the Hall sensor converts the magnetic field changes during the spindle rotation into electrical signals, and stores the data through a data acquisition circuit, specifically including:

[0040] The rotation of the spindle drives the magnet to rotate. The continuous rotation of the magnet causes Hall voltage to be generated at both ends of the Hall sensor under the action of the magnetic field. The Hall voltage is amplified by the amplifier to collect the electrical signal when the spindle rotates, which is collected by the collection circuit and stored in the memory 2.

[0041] In this embodiment, the Hall voltage is collected and amplified by an amplifier to improve the accuracy of the Hall voltage. At the same time, the collected data of the Hall voltage is stored in the memory 2.

[0042] Further, the Hall voltage is amplified by an amplifier, specifically including:

[0043] A feedback circuit is introduced into the amplifier circuit to improve the stability and linearity of the circuit. A filter is added to the amplifier circuit to filter out high-frequency noise and interference signals. A protection circuit is added to the input and output ends of the amplifier circuit to prevent abnormal conditions such as overvoltage and overcurrent.

[0044] In this embodiment, the feedback circuit can reduce the output fluctuation of the amplifier circuit so that it can maintain stable performance under various environmental conditions. Negative feedback reduces the amplification factor in exchange for circuit stability, so that the amplifier circuit can still maintain the amplitude and phase of the output signal unchanged when facing temperature changes and component aging. By adding a filter, these harmful high-frequency signals can be filtered out, thereby protecting the safe operation of the circuit. The protection circuit can monitor and limit the voltage amplitude of the input or output signal to prevent it from exceeding the tolerance range of the circuit components. The protection circuit can monitor and limit the current in the circuit to prevent it from exceeding the rated current value of the component. By adding a protection circuit, the reliability and safety of the amplifier circuit can be significantly improved.

[0045] Furthermore, the collected data is imported into an external device, and the collected data is processed and analyzed to generate a rotation trajectory diagram, which specifically includes:

[0046] The spindle rotation data collected by the Hall sensor is preprocessed, and the preprocessed data is converted into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter. The converted digital signal is further calibrated. By comparing it with the standard signal, the output value is adjusted, the output error is reduced, the output data fluctuation and noise are further reduced, the data features are extracted, the extracted data features are converted into angle information, and the rotation trajectory diagram is drawn according to the angle information.

[0047] In this embodiment, the spindle rotation data collected by the Hall sensor is processed, the collected data is converted into a digital signal and then into angle information, the calculated angle information is plotted into a rotation trajectory diagram through processing software, and the stability of the spindle is evaluated and judged based on the spindle rotation trajectory diagram.

[0048] Furthermore, the spindle rotation data collected by the Hall sensor is preprocessed, specifically including:

[0049] The rotation data is filtered and denoised to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data. The filtered data is converted into rotation angle or rotation position information, and its voltage value is converted into the corresponding angle value or position coordinate. The processed data is imported into MATLAB or Python, and the rotation trajectory diagram is drawn according to the position information of the data points.

[0050] In this embodiment, the drawn rotation trajectory diagram is observed, and the running trajectory of the axis is passed through. When the running trajectory of the axis basically coincides and is stable in size, it indicates that the running state of the spindle is relatively stable. At the same time, the running state of the spindle is detected in combination with the information of amplitude and frequency, which helps to timely discover and deal with unstable factors in the operation of the spindle, ensure the normal operation of the spindle and spindle bearings and extend their service life.

[0051] Furthermore, the wind turbine main shaft bearing detection method further includes the following steps:

[0052] A plurality of vibration sensors are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the spindle, and the plurality of vibration sensors are evenly mounted and arranged on the outer wall of the spindle. The vibration data of the spindle during operation is detected by the plurality of vibration sensors, and the acquired vibration data is calculated and processed. The vibration amplitude of the spindle rotation is reflected according to the vibration data, so as to calculate and judge whether the spindle is abnormal according to the vibration amplitude and frequency.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the spindle is detected, the vibration sensor can be used to perform corresponding analysis in combination with the vibration data of the spindle during rotation. The vibration data is combined with the rotation trajectory for analysis, which can make the final detection results of the spindle and the spindle bearings more accurate.

[0054] Furthermore, the wind turbine main shaft bearing detection method further includes the following steps:

[0055] The temperature of the spindle is measured by a temperature sensor and an infrared thermal imager, and the temperature change data of the spindle is recorded. The measured temperature data is calculated and processed, and whether the temperature of the spindle is abnormal is judged based on the calculated temperature data.

[0056] In this embodiment, by measuring the temperature between the spindle bearing and the spindle, abnormal temperature rise between the spindle bearing and the spindle can be determined based on the temperature value, and the spindle bearing and the spindle can be further comprehensively detected based on the heating rate.

[0057] See also Figure 2The present invention also provides a detection device for a main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator, comprising a processor 1, a memory 2 and a data interface 3, wherein the processor 1, the memory 2 and the data interface 3 are interconnected, wherein the data interface 3 is used to access a Hall sensor or an external device, the memory 2 is used to store data content, and the processor 1 is used to call program instructions and perform corresponding calculation processing according to the program instructions to execute the detection method for the main shaft bearing of the wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

[0058] In this embodiment, the data interface 3 is used to connect the Hall sensor or external device, and the processor 1 processes the collected data content according to preset program instructions, and the data before and after processing are stored separately by the memory 2 to facilitate subsequent retrieval and inspection of the data.

[0059] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting a main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator, characterized in that: The steps include: A plurality of magnets are fixed on the main shaft, and a Hall sensor is fixedly mounted on one side of the main shaft; Start the spindle to rotate and ensure that the spindle remains stable during the rotation; The Hall sensor converts the magnetic field changes during the spindle rotation into electrical signals and stores the data through the data acquisition circuit; The collected data is imported into an external device, processed and analyzed, and a rotation trajectory diagram is generated.

2. The method for detecting the main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of magnets are fixed on the main shaft, and a Hall sensor is fixedly mounted on one side of the main shaft, including: The magnet is evenly fixed to the outer wall of the main shaft, the detection end of the Hall sensor is adapted to the magnet, the magnetic poles of the magnet correspond to the front and back sides of the Hall sensor, and the main shaft is evenly operated to detect the detection accuracy between the Hall sensor and the magnet.

3. The method for detecting the main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnets are evenly fixed to the outer wall of the spindle, including: Fix 4 groups of magnets evenly on the outer wall of the main shaft, and test whether the Hall sensor can accurately detect the 4 groups of magnets. After accurately detecting the 4 groups of magnets, fix 4 more groups of magnets evenly between the 4 groups of magnets, and test whether the Hall sensor can accurately detect 8 groups of magnets. After accurately detecting 8 groups of magnets, fix 8 more groups of magnets evenly between the 8 groups of magnets, and test whether the Hall sensor can accurately detect 16 groups of magnets. After accurately detecting 16 groups of magnets, fix 16 more groups of magnets evenly between the 16 groups of magnets, and check the 32 groups of magnets again until the magnets tightly surround the main shaft or the Hall sensor cannot accurately identify the number of magnets, then stop adding magnets.

4. The method for detecting the main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Hall sensor converts the magnetic field changes during the spindle rotation into electrical signals and stores the data through the data acquisition circuit, including: The rotation of the spindle drives the magnet to rotate. The continuous rotation of the magnet causes Hall voltage to be generated at both ends of the Hall sensor under the action of the magnetic field. The Hall voltage is amplified by the amplifier to collect the electrical signal when the spindle rotates, which is collected by the collection circuit and stored in the memory.

5. The method for detecting the main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The Hall voltage is amplified by an amplifier, including: A feedback circuit is introduced into the amplifier circuit to improve the stability and linearity of the circuit. A filter is added to the amplifier circuit to filter out high-frequency noise and interference signals. A protection circuit is added to the input and output ends of the amplifier circuit to prevent abnormal conditions such as overvoltage and overcurrent.

6. The method for detecting the main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Import the collected data into external equipment, process and analyze the collected data, and generate a rotation trajectory diagram, including: The spindle rotation data collected by the Hall sensor is preprocessed, and the preprocessed data is converted into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter. The converted digital signal is further calibrated. By comparing it with the standard signal, the output value is adjusted, the output error is reduced, the output data fluctuation and noise are further reduced, the data features are extracted, the extracted data features are converted into angle information, and the rotation trajectory diagram is drawn according to the angle information.

7. A detection device for a main shaft bearing of a wind turbine generator, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a memory and a data interface, wherein the processor, the memory and the data interface are interconnected, wherein the data interface is used to access a Hall sensor or an external device, the memory is used to store data content, and the processor is used to call program instructions and perform corresponding calculations according to the program instructions to execute the wind turbine main shaft bearing detection method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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