Spectral analysis-based organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system and method

Abstract

The invention provides an organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system and method based on spectral analysis, and relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer effect evaluation.The method comprises the steps that spectral images of a crop # imgabs0 # before and after organic fertilizer application are collected, and meanwhile the dry matter ratio and the photosynthetic rate of a crop # imgabs1 # before and after fertilizer application are obtained; calculating the chlorophyll content, the nitrogen content, the leaf area index, the transpiration intensity and the plant moisture content of the crop # imgabs2 # before and after fertilization according to the reflected wave data, and calculating the plant growth health index, the moisture utilization efficiency index and the photosynthetic transpiration index; according to the method, a comprehensive evaluation model is constructed, comprehensive evaluation indexes of the crop # imgabs3 # before and after fertilization are respectively generated by utilizing the comprehensive evaluation model, a difference value of the comprehensive evaluation indexes is calculated to serve as a fertilizer efficiency evaluation index, and the utilization effect of the organic fertilizer is evaluated according to the difference value, so that comprehensive monitoring and quantitative analysis of the crop growth condition are realized, and the application effect of the organic fertilizer is objectively reflected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer effect evaluation, and in particular to an organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system and method based on spectral analysis. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the application of organic fertilizers is widely regarded as an effective means of sustainable soil improvement and crop nutrition management. However, traditional methods for evaluating the effect of organic fertilizer application usually rely on empirical judgment and laboratory analysis, which has many shortcomings. First, traditional methods mostly rely on sampling surveys, and the selection and processing of samples are easily affected by human factors, resulting in reduced reliability of the evaluation results. In addition, due to the diversity of factors such as soil, climate, crop types and growth stages, a single evaluation standard often cannot fully reflect the actual effect of organic fertilizers, which in turn affects farmers' fertilization decisions. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also unable to promptly reflect the changes in crop growth after fertilization, resulting in farmers being unable to adjust fertilization strategies based on real-time data, which may result in excessive or insufficient use of fertilizers, affecting crop growth and farmland ecological environment.

[0003] At the same time, with the continuous development of spectral analysis technology, although some studies have attempted to use spectral data to evaluate the growth status and nutritional needs of crops, the existing system still has certain limitations. Current spectral analysis methods usually fail to effectively integrate various physiological indicators, such as nitrogen content, chlorophyll content and water status analysis, and the construction of correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation models often lacks systematicity, resulting in inaccurate evaluation results. In addition, the existing technology lacks standardization and automation in data processing and result interpretation, and often still requires manual intervention, which not only increases the workload, but also may cause errors in the data processing process. Therefore, the existing technology has failed to fully utilize the advantages of spectral analysis to provide fast and accurate fertilizer efficiency evaluation. A more systematic and scientific method is urgently needed to solve these technical problems to meet the needs of modern agriculture for precision fertilization and efficient management.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for evaluating the utilization effect of organic fertilizer based on spectral analysis, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system based on spectral analysis specifically includes: The image acquisition module is used to monitor and analyze the farmland where organic fertilizer is to be applied, and to collect the images of crops in the farmland. Spectral images before and after the application of organic fertilizers are taken, and the reflectance data of key bands are extracted from the spectral images. dry matter ratio and photosynthetic rate before and after fertilization; Data processing module, used to calculate crop based on reflected wave data The chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, leaf area index, transpiration intensity and plant water content before and after fertilization were calculated, and the plant growth health index was calculated based on the chlorophyll content, leaf area index and nitrogen content, the water use efficiency index was calculated based on the plant water content and dry matter ratio, and the photosynthetic transpiration index was calculated based on the transpiration intensity and photosynthetic rate; Correlation analysis module is used to analyze the The comprehensive evaluation model was constructed based on the plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index. The weights in the comprehensive evaluation model were generated through the hierarchical analysis method. The difference between the comprehensive evaluation index before and after fertilization is calculated as the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index; The comprehensive evaluation module is used to compare the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index with a preset threshold value, and according to the comparison result, the utilization effect of the applied organic fertilizer is divided into three levels, namely: low, medium, and excellent.

[0007] Furthermore, the key band refers to the band that can reflect the chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, leaf area index, transpiration intensity and plant water content in the spectral image; The specific logic for obtaining the dry matter ratio is as follows: select the same amount of crops before and after fertilization As a sample, collect the whole plant with roots, wash the sample, remove soil and impurities, put the washed sample into an oven, set the temperature to 70℃, and dry it until the mass of the sample no longer changes. Use an electronic balance to weigh the dried plant sample, record its dry matter weight, and calculate the dry matter ratio: ; in, is the dry matter ratio, is the dry matter weight, is the wet weight of the sample before drying; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The chlorophyll content before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the chlorophyll content is as follows: ; in, is the chlorophyll content, is the reflectivity in the 660nm band, is the reflectivity in the 450nm band, is a constant that reflects the effect of chlorophyll content of a particular plant species on reflectance ratio. The specific value depends on the crop kind of; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The nitrogen content before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the nitrogen content is as follows: ; in, is the nitrogen content, is the reflectivity in the 970nm band, is the reflectivity in the 550nm band, is a constant used to reflect the effect of nitrogen content of a specific plant species on the reflectance ratio; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The plant moisture content before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the plant moisture content is as follows: ; in, is the plant water content, is the reflectivity in the 970nm band, is the reflectivity in the 660nm band, is a constant that reflects the effect of moisture content on reflectance ratio for a particular plant species, and its specific value depends on the crop kind of; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The transpiration intensity before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the transpiration intensity is as follows: ; in, is the transpiration intensity, is the emissivity in the 800nm ​​band, is a constant used to reflect the influence of specific plants in the calculation of transpiration intensity, and the specific value is determined based on experiments; Counting crops based on reflected waves The leaf area index before and after fertilization is based on the following formula: ; in, is the leaf area index, is the light attenuation index, obtained according to experimental data, For crops Reflectivity measured without blades, It is a crop Reflectivity measured with blades present; Get crops The specific logic of the photosynthetic rate before and after fertilization is as follows: before and after fertilization, take the same amount of crop As samples, they were placed in two closed air chambers, under the same lighting conditions, and the changes in carbon dioxide over a certain period of time were recorded. The formula for calculating the photosynthetic rate was: ; in, is the photosynthetic rate, The gas chamber in the measurement period The change in concentration, is the measurement time period, is the effective photosynthetic area of ​​the leaves.

[0008] Furthermore, the crops Nitrogen content in The nitrogen content is compared with the preset nitrogen content threshold. If it exceeds the threshold range, the difference between the nitrogen content and the preset threshold is calculated and recorded as ; If it does not exceed the threshold range, it will not be included in the subsequent calculation of the plant growth health index; The crops Leaf area index It is compared with the preset threshold. If it exceeds the threshold range, the difference between the leaf area index and the preset threshold is calculated and recorded as ; If it does not exceed the threshold range, it will not be included in the subsequent calculation of the plant growth health index; The plant growth health index is calculated based on the formula: ; in, is the plant growth health index, is the chlorophyll content, is the difference between the nitrogen content and the preset threshold, is the difference between the leaf area index and the preset threshold, is the preset scaling factor, ; The water use efficiency index is calculated based on the formula: ; in, is the water use efficiency index, is the dry matter ratio, The preset scale factor is , is the plant water content, is the ideal value of plant moisture content; The photosynthetic transpiration index is calculated based on the following formula: ; in, is the photosynthetic transpiration index, is the photosynthetic rate, is the ideal value of photosynthetic rate, is the transpiration intensity, is the ideal value of transpiration intensity, , is the proportionality coefficient, and .

[0009] Furthermore, according to the crop The plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index are used to construct a comprehensive evaluation model. The model expression is as follows:

[0010] in, is a comprehensive evaluation index. is the plant growth health index, is the water use efficiency index, is the photosynthetic transpiration index, , and is the proportionality coefficient.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific logic of generating the weights in the comprehensive evaluation model through the hierarchical analysis method is as follows: The three indicators of plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index were marked, and the relative importance values ​​between them were determined by the nine-scale method to construct a judgment matrix, in which the index of plant growth health index was marked as 1, the index of water use efficiency index was marked as 2, and the index of photosynthesis transpiration index was marked as 3. The constructed judgment matrix is: ; in, , denotes the index of the index, and , , Indicates that the index is The index relative to the index is The index importance of , ; Divide each element value in the judgment matrix by the sum of its columns to obtain a normalized judgment matrix, calculate the mean of each row of element values ​​in the normalized judgment matrix, and use the mean of the first row of element values ​​as the weight of the plant growth health index, the mean of the second row of element values ​​as the weight of the water use efficiency index, and the mean of the third row of element values ​​as the weight of the photosynthetic transpiration index. With the constraint that the sum of the scaled values ​​is equal to 1, scale the three weights in equal proportions, and use the scaled weights as the proportional coefficients of the corresponding indexes. The fertilizer efficiency evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula: ; in, is the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index, For crops after fertilization The comprehensive evaluation index of For fertilizing the crop before comprehensive evaluation index.

[0012] Furthermore, the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index is compared with a preset threshold value, and the specific logic is as follows: when When , the fertilizer utilization effect level is judged to be low; when When the fertilizer utilization effect is judged to be medium, when When , the fertilizer utilization effect level is judged to be excellent; in, is the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index, is the preset evaluation threshold.

[0013] The present invention further provides an organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation method based on spectral analysis, wherein the organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation method based on spectral analysis is obtained by executing the above-mentioned organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system based on spectral analysis, and the specific steps include: Step 1: Monitor and analyze the farmland where organic fertilizer is to be applied, and collect the crop Spectral images before and after the application of organic fertilizers are taken, and the reflectance data of key bands are extracted from the spectral images. dry matter ratio and photosynthetic rate before and after fertilization; Step 2: Calculate the crop based on the reflected wave data The chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, leaf area index, transpiration intensity and plant water content before and after fertilization were calculated, and the plant growth health index was calculated based on the chlorophyll content, leaf area index and nitrogen content, the water use efficiency index was calculated based on the plant water content and dry matter ratio, and the photosynthetic transpiration index was calculated based on the transpiration intensity and photosynthetic rate; Step 3: Depending on the crop The comprehensive evaluation model was constructed based on the plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index. The weights in the comprehensive evaluation model were generated through the hierarchical analysis method. The difference between the comprehensive evaluation index before and after fertilization is calculated as the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index; Step 4: Compare the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index with the preset threshold value, and according to the comparison result, divide the utilization effect of the applied organic fertilizer into three levels, namely: low, medium, and excellent.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention realizes comprehensive monitoring and quantitative analysis of crop growth conditions through modules such as image acquisition, data processing, correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation. The system can not only scientifically calculate various physiological indicators of crops, but also generate fertilizer efficiency evaluation indexes through comprehensive evaluation models, thereby objectively reflecting the application effect of organic fertilizers. This method can effectively improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, reduce resource waste, and provide farmers with decision support for precision fertilization, thereby promoting the development of sustainable agriculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall system module of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0017] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0018] Example: See also Figure 1The present invention provides an organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system based on spectral analysis, which specifically includes: The image acquisition module is used to monitor and analyze the farmland where organic fertilizer is to be applied, and to collect the images of crops in the farmland. Spectral images before and after the application of organic fertilizers are taken, and the reflectance data of key bands are extracted from the spectral images. dry matter ratio and photosynthetic rate before and after fertilization; In this embodiment, the crop Includes the following categories: food crops, cash crops, vegetable crops, and fruit crops; The key band refers to the band in the spectral image that can reflect the chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, leaf area index, transpiration intensity and plant water content; The specific logic for obtaining the dry matter ratio is as follows: select the same amount of crops before and after fertilization As a sample, collect the whole plant with roots, wash the sample, remove soil and impurities, put the washed sample into an oven, set the temperature to 70℃, and dry it until the mass of the sample no longer changes. Use an electronic balance to weigh the dried plant sample, record its dry matter weight, and calculate the dry matter ratio: ; in, is the dry matter ratio, is the dry matter weight, is the wet weight of the sample before drying; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The chlorophyll content before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the chlorophyll content is as follows: ; in, is the chlorophyll content, is the reflectivity in the 660nm band, is the reflectivity in the 450nm band, is a constant that reflects the effect of chlorophyll content of a particular plant species on reflectance ratio. The specific value depends on the crop kind of; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The nitrogen content before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the nitrogen content is as follows: ; in, is the nitrogen content, is the reflectivity in the 970nm band, is the reflectivity in the 550nm band, is a constant used to reflect the effect of nitrogen content of a specific plant species on the reflectance ratio; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The plant moisture content before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the plant moisture content is as follows: ; in, is the plant water content, is the reflectivity in the 970nm band, is the reflectivity in the 660nm band, is a constant that reflects the effect of moisture content on reflectance ratio for a particular plant species, and its specific value depends on the crop kind of; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The transpiration intensity before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the transpiration intensity is as follows: ; in, is the transpiration intensity, is the emissivity in the 800nm ​​band, is a constant used to reflect the influence of specific plants in the calculation of transpiration intensity, and the specific value is determined based on experiments; Counting crops based on reflected waves The leaf area index before and after fertilization is based on the following formula: ; in, is the leaf area index, is the light attenuation index, obtained according to experimental data, For crops Reflectivity measured without blades, It is a crop Reflectivity measured with blades present; Get crops The specific logic of the photosynthetic rate before and after fertilization is as follows: before and after fertilization, take the same amount of crop As samples, they were placed in two closed air chambers, under the same lighting conditions, and the changes in carbon dioxide over a certain period of time were recorded. The formula for calculating the photosynthetic rate was: ; in, is the photosynthetic rate, The gas chamber in the measurement period The change in concentration, is the measurement time period, is the effective photosynthetic area of ​​the leaves.

[0019] The advantage of the image acquisition module is that it can monitor and analyze crops efficiently and in real time. Growth changes before and after the application of organic fertilizer. By collecting spectral images and extracting reflectance data of key bands, the module can fully reflect the physiological status of crops, such as chlorophyll content, nitrogen content and moisture status. Compared with traditional methods, this non-destructive monitoring method avoids human interference in the sampling process, ensures the accuracy and reliability of data, and can capture the dynamic changes of crop growth in a timely manner, providing a solid foundation for subsequent data processing and analysis.

[0020] In this patent solution, the use of image acquisition module can significantly promote the implementation effect of the overall solution. By combining with the data processing module, the high-frequency and accurate data obtained by image acquisition makes the fertilizer efficiency evaluation more scientific. This module provides key input for subsequent correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation models, ensuring the effectiveness and accuracy of the evaluation results, thereby helping farmers make more reasonable choices in fertilization decisions, and ultimately improving the utilization efficiency of organic fertilizers and the growth health of crops.

[0021] Data processing module, used to calculate crop based on reflected wave data The chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, leaf area index, transpiration intensity and plant water content before and after fertilization were calculated, and the plant growth health index was calculated based on the chlorophyll content, leaf area index and nitrogen content, the water use efficiency index was calculated based on the plant water content and dry matter ratio, and the photosynthetic transpiration index was calculated based on the transpiration intensity and photosynthetic rate; In this embodiment, the crop Nitrogen content in The nitrogen content is compared with the preset nitrogen content threshold. If it exceeds the threshold range, the difference between the nitrogen content and the preset threshold is calculated and recorded as ; If it does not exceed the threshold range, it will not be included in the subsequent calculation of the plant growth health index; The crops Leaf area index It is compared with the preset threshold. If it exceeds the threshold range, the difference between the leaf area index and the preset threshold is calculated and recorded as ; If it does not exceed the threshold range, it will not be included in the subsequent calculation of the plant growth health index; The plant growth health index is calculated based on the formula: ; in, is the plant growth health index, is the chlorophyll content, is the difference between the nitrogen content and the preset threshold, is the difference between the leaf area index and the preset threshold, is a natural constant, set to The changes in the plant growth health index can be effectively smoothed so that it can reflect the continuous changes in plant health status under different chlorophyll content, nitrogen content and leaf area index. This design ensures the stability and predictability of the plant health index under different environmental conditions. Indicates the relative impact of chlorophyll content on plant growth health index; higher A value of means that an increase in chlorophyll content will have a stronger positive impact on plant health, whereas a negative value means that the impact is weaker. The value range is [0,3]. When , it means that chlorophyll content has no effect on plant health index; when When , it means that with the increase of chlorophyll content, the increase rate of plant health index slows down, which is suitable for certain saturation states; when When , it indicates that there is a linear relationship between chlorophyll content and plant health index; when When , it means that the increase of chlorophyll content will have an accelerating effect on the plant health index, which is suitable for emphasizing the key stage of photosynthesis; is the preset scaling factor, When the chlorophyll content When it increases, it reflects that the plant has stronger growth vitality. Increase accordingly; when When it increases, it means that the difference between the nitrogen content and the preset threshold value increases, which will affect the growth and development of plants. Reduce; Leaf area index directly affects the photosynthetic capacity and water utilization rate of plants. When it increases, it means that the difference between the leaf area index and the preset threshold increases, thus affecting the health of the plant. will decrease; that is, and There is a positive correlation, , and There is a negative correlation.

[0022] The contribution of increased chlorophyll content to plant health is nonlinear. Higher chlorophyll content generally means stronger photosynthesis and better growth, so an exponential form is used to amplify this effect. and A penalty effect on the deviation of nitrogen content and leaf area index is introduced, which means that when these two indicators deviate from the preset threshold, the growth health index of the plant will be restricted, and the coefficient The intensity of this punishment can be adjusted.

[0023] The water use efficiency index is calculated based on the formula: ; in, is the water use efficiency index, is the dry matter ratio, The preset scale factor is , is the plant water content, is the ideal value of plant moisture content; dry matter ratio It is a measure of the ratio of dry matter produced by a plant during its growth to its overall biomass. When it increases, it means that the plant can produce more dry matter under the same water conditions, thus increasing the water use efficiency index. Increase; when When it increases, it means that the difference between the plant moisture content and the ideal moisture content increases, and the water use efficiency index Decrease; that is, and There is a positive correlation, and There is a negative correlation.

[0024] In this formula, the cube root is used to reduce the impact of large values ​​on the results, avoid excessive amplification of water use efficiency by extreme values, and make the index smoother and more stable under different growth conditions; and The relative change of reflects the plant's ability to utilize water. The ideal water content The difference from the actual moisture content directly affects the growth state of the plant; the coefficient It is obtained through fitting analysis of experimental data to ensure that the formula can accurately reflect the water use efficiency of plants.

[0025] The photosynthetic transpiration index is calculated based on the following formula: ; in, is the photosynthetic transpiration index, is the photosynthetic rate, is the ideal value of photosynthetic rate, is the transpiration intensity, is the ideal value of transpiration intensity, , is the proportionality coefficient, and This is because the photosynthetic rate is a key factor in plant growth and productivity, directly affecting the plant's biomass accumulation and growth rate. Compared with transpiration, changes in photosynthesis have a greater impact on the overall health and production capacity of the plant.

[0026] It indicates the difference between the actual photosynthetic rate and the ideal photosynthetic rate. The smaller the difference, the closer the photosynthetic capacity of the plant is to the ideal state and the higher the photosynthetic efficiency is. When the photosynthetic transpiration index decreases Increase; It indicates the difference between the actual transpiration intensity and the ideal transpiration intensity. When the photosynthetic transpiration index increases will decrease; that is, , and There is a negative correlation.

[0027] and It indicates the performance of plants in photosynthesis and transpiration. The formula is designed so that these two important physiological activities can be directly compared with each other and the deviations are taken into account by the absolute values; the coefficient and coefficient Reflects the relative importance of photosynthetic rate and transpiration intensity in plant growth and is used to regulate and The weight in the calculation of photosynthetic transpiration index.

[0028] The advantage of the data processing module is that it can efficiently convert spectral reflectance wave data into quantifiable physiological indicators, and then calculate crop Key indicators before and after fertilization, such as chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, leaf area index, transpiration intensity and plant water content. This spectral data-based analysis method not only improves the speed and accuracy of data processing, but also reduces the time and labor costs required for laboratory analysis. Compared with traditional manual sampling and laboratory analysis methods, this module can provide more real-time and accurate evaluation results.

[0029] In this patent solution, the use of a data processing module can significantly promote the implementation of the overall solution. By quickly processing the collected spectral data and converting it into key physiological parameters for crop growth, the module provides the necessary basic data for subsequent correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation. This process makes fertilizer efficiency evaluation more scientific and systematic, and can provide farmers with more accurate fertilization recommendations to optimize resource utilization efficiency. This integrated data processing method not only improves the efficiency of the evaluation process, but also provides strong technical support for the realization of precision agriculture and promotes the sustainable development of agricultural production.

[0030] Correlation analysis module is used to analyze the The comprehensive evaluation model was constructed based on the plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index. The weights in the comprehensive evaluation model were generated through the hierarchical analysis method. The difference between the comprehensive evaluation index before and after fertilization is calculated as the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index; In this embodiment, according to the crop The plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index are used to construct a comprehensive evaluation model. The model expression is as follows: ; in, is a comprehensive evaluation index. is the plant growth health index, is the water use efficiency index, is the photosynthetic transpiration index, , and is the proportionality coefficient.

[0031] when When it increases, it indicates that the crop is growing well and all physiological indicators are in an ideal range, thus promoting photosynthesis and nutrient absorption. will increase; a high water use efficiency index usually means that plants can maintain a higher photosynthetic rate and growth rate under less water conditions, which helps plants maintain healthy growth in arid environments and promotes the accumulation of biomass. When increasing, will increase; high It usually means that the plant has a strong adaptability to environmental conditions such as water and light, and can effectively carry out photosynthesis and transpiration, thereby maintaining a healthy growth state. When increasing, increases accordingly; that is, , , Comprehensive Assessment Index There is a positive correlation.

[0032] Using the index form can not only enhance the comprehensive evaluation index of each index The index can not only amplify the impact of small changes, but also amplify small changes through exponential operations, so that in practical applications, subtle improvements can be significantly reflected in the evaluation. For example, relatively small changes in plant growth health index, photosynthesis and transpiration index, etc. may be of great significance to the overall health status, and the index form can better reflect this. The growth status of plants is affected by many factors. The use of index form can combine the influence of these factors to form an overall evaluation system, reflecting the comprehensive performance of plants in multiple physiological indicators.

[0033] The specific logic of generating weights in the comprehensive evaluation model through the hierarchical analysis method is: The three indicators of plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index were marked, and the relative importance values ​​between them were determined by the nine-scale method to construct a judgment matrix, in which the index of plant growth health index was marked as 1, the index of water use efficiency index was marked as 2, and the index of photosynthesis transpiration index was marked as 3. The constructed judgment matrix is: ; in, , denotes the index of the index, and , , Indicates that the index is The index relative to the index is The index importance of , ; Divide each element value in the judgment matrix by the sum of its columns to obtain a normalized judgment matrix, calculate the mean of each row of element values ​​in the normalized judgment matrix, and use the mean of the first row of element values ​​as the weight of the plant growth health index, the mean of the second row of element values ​​as the weight of the water use efficiency index, and the mean of the third row of element values ​​as the weight of the photosynthetic transpiration index. With the constraint that the sum of the scaled values ​​is equal to 1, scale the three weights in equal proportions, and use the scaled weights as the proportional coefficients of the corresponding indexes. The fertilizer efficiency evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula: ; in, is the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index, For crops after fertilization The comprehensive evaluation index of For fertilizing the crop before comprehensive evaluation index.

[0034] The advantage of the correlation analysis module is that it can systematically integrate and analyze crop The module uses multiple physiological indicators to build a comprehensive evaluation model. By using the plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index, the module can identify and quantify the relationship between different physiological parameters, so as to more accurately evaluate the effect of organic fertilizer application. Compared with the traditional single indicator evaluation method, this systematic analysis method is more scientific and reliable in data interpretation and decision support.

[0035] In this patent solution, the use of the correlation analysis module can significantly promote the implementation effect of the overall solution. By constructing a comprehensive evaluation model and using the hierarchical analysis method to generate weights, this module provides a more accurate quantitative basis for fertilizer efficiency evaluation, allowing farmers to make more scientific judgments based on the comprehensive evaluation index when making fertilization decisions.

[0036] The comprehensive evaluation module is used to compare the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index with the preset threshold value, and according to the comparison result, the utilization effect of the applied organic fertilizer is divided into three levels: low, medium and excellent; In this embodiment, the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index is compared with a preset threshold value, and the specific logic is as follows: when When , the fertilizer utilization effect level is judged to be low; when When the fertilizer utilization effect is judged to be medium, when When , the fertilizer utilization effect level is judged to be excellent; in, is the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index, is the preset evaluation threshold.

[0037] The advantage of the comprehensive evaluation module is that it can integrate multiple key physiological indicators into a fertilizer efficiency evaluation index, thereby simplifying the evaluation process of fertilization effects. By comparing the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index with the preset threshold, the module can quickly and clearly classify the utilization effect of organic fertilizers into three levels: low, medium and excellent. Compared with traditional qualitative evaluation, this quantitative evaluation method provides a more intuitive and scientific basis, allowing farmers and agricultural managers to understand the fertilization effect more effectively and make accurate agricultural decisions.

[0038] In this patent solution, the use of a comprehensive evaluation module can significantly promote the implementation of the overall solution. By grading the results of fertilizer efficiency evaluation, the module provides farmers with clear feedback on fertilization effects, thereby helping farmers optimize fertilization strategies, rationally allocate resources, and improve crop yields and quality. This evaluation mechanism not only improves the scientific nature of fertilization management, but also promotes the implementation of precision agriculture, which helps to achieve sustainable development of agricultural production and efficient use of resources.

[0039] See also Figure 2 The present invention also provides another method for evaluating the utilization effect of organic fertilizer based on spectral analysis, the specific steps of which include: Step 1: Monitor and analyze the farmland where organic fertilizer is to be applied, and collect the crop Spectral images before and after the application of organic fertilizers are taken, and the reflectance data of key bands are extracted from the spectral images. dry matter ratio and photosynthetic rate before and after fertilization; Step 2: Calculate the crop based on the reflected wave data The chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, leaf area index, transpiration intensity and plant water content before and after fertilization were calculated, and the plant growth health index was calculated based on the chlorophyll content, leaf area index and nitrogen content, the water use efficiency index was calculated based on the plant water content and dry matter ratio, and the photosynthetic transpiration index was calculated based on the transpiration intensity and photosynthetic rate; Step 3: Depending on the crop The comprehensive evaluation model was constructed based on the plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index. The weights in the comprehensive evaluation model were generated through the hierarchical analysis method. The difference between the comprehensive evaluation index before and after fertilization is calculated as the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index; Step 4: Compare the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index with the preset threshold value, and according to the comparison result, divide the utilization effect of the applied organic fertilizer into three levels, namely: low, medium, and excellent.

[0040] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0041] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those skilled in the art may appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software methods depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0042] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0043] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system based on spectral analysis, characterized in that: Specifically include: The image acquisition module is used to monitor and analyze the farmland where organic fertilizer is to be applied, and to collect the images of crops in the farmland. Spectral images before and after the application of organic fertilizers are taken, and the reflectance data of key bands are extracted from the spectral images. dry matter ratio and photosynthetic rate before and after fertilization; Data processing module, used to calculate crop based on reflected wave data The chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, leaf area index, transpiration intensity and plant water content before and after fertilization were calculated, and the plant growth health index was calculated based on the chlorophyll content, leaf area index and nitrogen content, the water use efficiency index was calculated based on the plant water content and dry matter ratio, and the photosynthetic transpiration index was calculated based on the transpiration intensity and photosynthetic rate; Correlation analysis module is used to analyze the The comprehensive evaluation model was constructed based on the plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index. The weights in the comprehensive evaluation model were generated through the hierarchical analysis method. The difference between the comprehensive evaluation index before and after fertilization is calculated as the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index; The comprehensive evaluation module is used to compare the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index with a preset threshold value, and according to the comparison result, the utilization effect of the applied organic fertilizer is divided into three levels, namely: low, medium, and excellent.

2. A kind of organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system based on spectral analysis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The key band refers to the band in the spectral image that can reflect the chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, leaf area index, transpiration intensity and plant water content; The specific logic for obtaining the dry matter ratio is as follows: select the same amount of crops before and after fertilization As a sample, collect the whole plant with roots, wash the sample, remove soil and impurities, put the washed sample into an oven, set the temperature to 70℃, and dry it until the mass of the sample no longer changes. Use an electronic balance to weigh the dried plant sample, record its dry matter weight, and calculate the dry matter ratio: ； in, is the dry matter ratio, is the dry matter weight, is the wet weight of the sample before drying; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The chlorophyll content before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the chlorophyll content is as follows: ； in, is the chlorophyll content, is the reflectivity in the 660nm band, is the reflectivity in the 450nm band, is a constant that reflects the effect of chlorophyll content of a particular plant species on reflectance ratio. The specific value depends on the crop kind of; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The nitrogen content before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the nitrogen content is as follows: ； in, is the nitrogen content, is the reflectivity in the 970nm band, is the reflectivity in the 550nm band, is a constant used to reflect the effect of nitrogen content of a specific plant species on the reflectance ratio; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The plant moisture content before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the plant moisture content is as follows: ； in, is the plant water content, is the reflectivity in the 970nm band, is the reflectivity in the 660nm band, is a constant that reflects the effect of moisture content on reflectance ratio for a particular plant species, and its specific value depends on the crop kind of; Calculate crops based on reflected wave data The transpiration intensity before and after fertilization. The formula for calculating the transpiration intensity is as follows: ； in, is the transpiration intensity, is the emissivity in the 800nm ​​band, is a constant used to reflect the influence of specific plants in the calculation of transpiration intensity, and the specific value is determined based on experiments; Counting crops based on reflected waves The leaf area index before and after fertilization is based on the following formula: ； in, is the leaf area index, is the light attenuation index, obtained according to experimental data, For crops Reflectivity measured without blades, It is a crop Reflectivity measured with blades present; Get crops The specific logic of the photosynthetic rate before and after fertilization is as follows: before and after fertilization, take the same amount of crop As samples, they were placed in two closed air chambers, under the same lighting conditions, and the changes in carbon dioxide over a certain period of time were recorded. The formula for calculating the photosynthetic rate was: ； in, is the photosynthetic rate, The gas chamber in the measurement period The change in concentration, is the measurement time period, is the effective photosynthetic area of ​​the leaves.

3. A kind of organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system based on spectral analysis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The crops Nitrogen content in The nitrogen content is compared with the preset nitrogen content threshold. If it exceeds the threshold range, the difference between the nitrogen content and the preset threshold is calculated and recorded as ; If it does not exceed the threshold range, it will not be included in the subsequent calculation of the plant growth health index; The crops Leaf area index It is compared with the preset threshold. If it exceeds the threshold range, the difference between the leaf area index and the preset threshold is calculated and recorded as ; If it does not exceed the threshold range, it will not be included in the subsequent calculation of the plant growth health index; The plant growth health index is calculated based on the formula: ； in, is the plant growth health index, is the chlorophyll content, is the difference between the nitrogen content and the preset threshold, is the difference between the leaf area index and the preset threshold, is the preset scaling factor, ; It indicates the relative influence of chlorophyll content on plant growth health index; e is a natural constant; The water use efficiency index is calculated based on the formula: ； in, is the water use efficiency index, is the dry matter ratio, The preset scale factor is , is the water content of the plant, is the ideal value of plant moisture content; The photosynthetic transpiration index is calculated based on the following formula: ； in, is the photosynthetic transpiration index, is the photosynthetic rate, is the ideal value of photosynthetic rate, is the transpiration intensity, is the ideal value of transpiration intensity, , is the proportionality coefficient, and .

4. A kind of organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system based on spectral analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the crop The plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index are used to construct a comprehensive evaluation model. The model expression is as follows: ； in, is a comprehensive evaluation index. is the plant growth health index, is the water use efficiency index, is the photosynthetic transpiration index, , and is the proportionality coefficient.

5. A kind of organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system based on spectral analysis according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: The specific logic of generating weights in the comprehensive evaluation model through the hierarchical analysis method is: The three indicators of plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index were marked, and the relative importance values ​​between them were determined by the nine-scale method to construct a judgment matrix, in which the index of plant growth health index was marked as 1, the index of water use efficiency index was marked as 2, and the index of photosynthesis transpiration index was marked as 3. The constructed judgment matrix is: ； in, , denotes the index of the index, and , , Indicates that the index is The index relative to the index is The index importance of , ; Divide each element value in the judgment matrix by the sum of its columns to obtain a normalized judgment matrix, calculate the mean of each row of element values ​​in the normalized judgment matrix, and use the mean of the first row of element values ​​as the weight of the plant growth health index, the mean of the second row of element values ​​as the weight of the water use efficiency index, and the mean of the third row of element values ​​as the weight of the photosynthetic transpiration index. With the constraint that the sum of the scaled values ​​is equal to 1, scale the three weights in equal proportions, and use the scaled weights as the proportional coefficients of the corresponding indexes. The fertilizer efficiency evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula: ； in, is the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index, For crops after fertilization The comprehensive evaluation index of For fertilizing the crop before comprehensive evaluation index.

6. A kind of organic fertilizer utilization effect evaluation system based on spectral analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific logic for comparing the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index with the preset threshold is as follows: when When , the fertilizer utilization effect level is judged to be low; when When the fertilizer utilization effect is judged to be medium, when When , the fertilizer utilization effect level is judged to be excellent; in, is the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index, is the preset evaluation threshold.

7. A method for evaluating the utilization effect of organic fertilizer based on spectral analysis, characterized in that: The method for evaluating the utilization effect of organic fertilizer based on spectral analysis is obtained by using the system for evaluating the utilization effect of organic fertilizer based on spectral analysis according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: Step 1: Monitor and analyze the farmland where organic fertilizer is to be applied, and collect the crop Spectral images before and after the application of organic fertilizers are taken, and the reflectance data of key bands are extracted from the spectral images. dry matter ratio and photosynthetic rate before and after fertilization; Step 2: Calculate the crop based on the reflected wave data The chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, leaf area index, transpiration intensity and plant water content before and after fertilization were calculated, and the plant growth health index was calculated based on the chlorophyll content, leaf area index and nitrogen content, the water use efficiency index was calculated based on the plant water content and dry matter ratio, and the photosynthetic transpiration index was calculated based on the transpiration intensity and photosynthetic rate; Step 3: Depending on the crop The comprehensive evaluation model was constructed based on the plant growth health index, water use efficiency index and photosynthesis transpiration index. The weights in the comprehensive evaluation model were generated through the hierarchical analysis method. The difference between the comprehensive evaluation index before and after fertilization is calculated as the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index; Step 4: Compare the fertilizer efficiency evaluation index with the preset threshold value, and according to the comparison result, divide the utilization effect of the applied organic fertilizer into three levels, namely: low, medium, and excellent.

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