Constant temperature protection device and system for wireless multi-channel sensor circuit in polar region environment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sensor constant temperature in a polar region low-temperature environment, and aims to solve the problems that in the polar region low-temperature environment, part of chips of a circuit board work abnormally, sensor data analysis deviation or failure is caused, even irreversible damage of the chips is caused, and hardware connection communication of a signal line is difficult to realize; according to the constant-temperature protection device and system for the wireless multichannel sensor circuit in the polar region environment, the TEC heating plates are arranged on the two sides of the circuit board, and the temperature of the two sides of the circuit board is detected through the circuit board temperature measuring circuit, so that the temperature of the working environment of the circuit board where the LoRa wireless data transmission module is located is kept in a constant-temperature state; the LoRa wireless data transmission module is used for receiving and transmitting data of the multi-channel temperature and humidity sensor in a polar region low-temperature environment, a communication channel and working frequency are set through the driving circuit, interference of other radio signals in a space is avoided in the communication process, and the stability of data transmission is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of constant temperature sensors in polar low temperature environments, and more specifically to a constant temperature protection device and system for wireless multi-channel sensor circuits in polar environments. Background Art

[0002] Temperature and humidity sensors are commonly used environmental monitoring sensors, which can be divided into industrial and household use according to the application scenario. Industrial temperature and humidity sensors can quickly monitor the temperature and humidity values ​​of the environment, and are commonly used for large-scale production plant environment monitoring, equipment and equipment group environment monitoring, or outdoor special environment monitoring. Industrial temperature and humidity sensors have the advantages of accurate sampling, fast display speed, and stable data, and are highly favored.

[0003] With the continuous development of polar scientific research, various basic research laboratories and equipment centers have been built on the polar permafrost. Due to the harsh polar environment, high cold and dry, the temperature in the Antarctic polar night is as low as minus 90 degrees Celsius, and there is long-term ultraviolet radiation during the polar day, which sometimes makes it difficult for operation and maintenance personnel to conduct on-site monitoring. There is an urgent need for remote real-time monitoring of the environmental parameters of various equipment and facilities in the polar outdoor environment.

[0004] Common industrial temperature and humidity sensors generally consist of a temperature and humidity sensor probe and a sensor transmitter. The temperature and humidity sensor probe and the sensor transmitter are connected through RS485 communication lines, and they need to be powered separately. When deploying cluster temperature and humidity sensors, the one-to-one hardware connection will greatly increase the error rate of installation workers and affect the overall construction efficiency of the project; and the large number of signal lines and power lines makes it difficult to achieve flexible routing in some special equipment or outdoor scenes.

[0005] Existing industrial temperature and humidity sensors only support the ultra-low temperature environment of the probe. The sensor transmitter used with the probe has a normal operating temperature of only minus 20°C. When the temperature is below minus 20°C, some chips on the circuit board will work abnormally, resulting in deviation or failure of sensor data analysis, and even irreversible damage to the chip. Existing temperature and humidity sensor transmitters deployed in outdoor ultra-low temperature environments still need to add additional insulation shells or insulation outer layers to support long-term stable operation in polar nights.

[0006] Since the distance between outdoor experimental equipment and polar indoor laboratories in polar environments is relatively long, generally within a range of 5-10 kilometers, it is difficult to achieve hardware connection communication of signal lines, so requirements are put forward for the wireless communication capabilities of sensor equipment. Most of the existing industrial temperature and humidity sensors only support wireless WiFi protocols and cellular network protocols, but it is difficult to implement wireless WiFi protocols and cellular network protocols in polar outdoor environments. How to perform high-quality and low-latency wireless communication of temperature and humidity sensors within a range of 5-10 kilometers is also a popular research direction at present.

[0007] With the continuous advancement of technology, the LoRa communication protocol was born. The LoRa communication protocol is a low-power LAN wireless standard. The transmission distance can reach 15 kilometers in open areas and 20 kilometers under certain extreme conditions. At the same time, LoRa communication can avoid interference by selecting appropriate working frequencies and channels, thereby ensuring stable data transmission, which also enables LoRa communication to maintain a long transmission distance in complex wireless environments. The existing LoRa technology is widely used in the field of the Internet of Things, most of which are agricultural environmental monitoring or outdoor special environment monitoring. There are still some challenges in its application in polar outdoor environments: First, although LoRa communication can avoid interference by changing the working frequency and channel, communication in polar environments is mainly composed of radio equipment and satellite telephone equipment. The working principle is the same as LoRa, and it is inevitable that there will be problems with channel occupancy and crosstalk between channels; secondly, the normal operating temperature of the LoRa chip is also above minus 20℃, and the communication quality is greatly reduced in ultra-low temperature environments, resulting in communication failure. In the harsh polar environment, the one-to-one hardware connection of existing temperature and humidity sensor devices will greatly increase the error rate of installation workers and affect the overall construction efficiency of the project. In addition, there are many signal lines and power lines, which makes it difficult to achieve flexible routing in some special equipment or outdoor scenes. When the temperature is below minus 20°C, some chips on the circuit board will work abnormally, resulting in sensor data analysis deviation or failure, and even irreversible damage to the chip. Due to the long distance between outdoor experimental equipment and polar indoor laboratories in the polar environment, generally within 5-10 kilometers, it is difficult to achieve hardware connection communication of signal lines. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a constant temperature protection device and system for wireless multi-channel sensor circuits in polar environments. The invention is applied to the detection and transmission of temperature and humidity in polar low-temperature environments, so that circuit components can work in a normal temperature environment in a polar low-temperature environment, and the data transmission distance can be effectively increased through LoRa wireless data transmission.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A constant temperature protection device for a wireless multi-channel sensor circuit in a polar environment comprises a circuit board, a plurality of TEC heating plates and a circuit board temperature measuring circuit for detecting the working environment temperature of the circuit board. The circuit board has a plurality of TEC heating plates respectively arranged on both sides of the circuit board. The real-time temperature of the circuit board in a working state is obtained through the circuit board temperature measuring circuit. The TEC heating plates heat / dissipate heat on both sides of the circuit board according to the real-time temperature to realize constant temperature control of the working environment of the circuit board. The circuit board temperature measuring circuit is arranged on both sides of the circuit board.

[0011] Furthermore, the circuit board is fixedly connected to a plurality of TEC heating plates via fixing columns.

[0012] Furthermore, the TEC heating plates are at least two.

[0013] A constant temperature protection system for a wireless multi-channel sensor circuit in a polar environment, based on the above-mentioned constant temperature protection device for a wireless multi-channel sensor circuit in a polar environment, comprises a low-power operation processor, a LoRa wireless data transmission module for sensor data transmission, and a TEC temperature control module for maintaining a constant temperature in a working environment of the LoRa wireless data transmission module, wherein: the LoRa wireless data transmission module is serially connected to the low-power operation processor, the low-power operation processor sends a control command to the LoRa wireless data transmission module through a UART serial port to set the working mode of the LoRa wireless data transmission module, the low-power operation processor sends a plurality of sensor data connected through a bus to the LoRa wireless data transmission module, and completes the wireless transmission of the sensor data through the LoRa wireless data transmission module;

[0014] The TEC temperature control module obtains the real-time temperature of the circuit board where the LoRa wireless data transmission module is located through the circuit board temperature measurement circuit, and drives the TEC heating plate to keep the working environment of the LoRa wireless data transmission module at a constant temperature.

[0015] Furthermore, the TEC temperature control module comprises a TEC drive circuit, a circuit board temperature measurement circuit and a plurality of TEC heating plates. The circuit board temperature measurement circuit obtains the real-time working temperature of the circuit board (4) by sampling, and the real-time working temperature signal is transmitted to the TEC drive circuit. The difference between the real-time working temperature and the target working temperature of the circuit board is subjected to proportional integral differential operation. The TEC drive circuit outputs a signal to the TEC heating plate for controlling the direction and magnitude of the temperature adjustment of the TEC heating plate, thereby realizing constant temperature control.

[0016] Furthermore, the TEC driving circuit controls the working state of the TEC heating plate to be heating at a higher temperature or cooling at a lower temperature by the positive or negative value of the output signal, and controls the power of the TEC heating plate by the size of the output signal.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes an anti-crosstalk communication interface expander, a sensor power module, a status display module, a drive circuit power management module, and a storage module. The low-power computing processor is connected to a plurality of sensors through the anti-crosstalk communication interface expander, and the sensors are powered by the sensor power module;

[0018] The status display module receives and displays the status parameters sent by the low-power computing processor;

[0019] The drive circuit power management module is respectively connected to the LoRa wireless data transmission module, the status display module, the storage module, and the TEC temperature control module for power configuration to meet the power supply requirements of the connected modules; the storage module is connected to the low-power computing processor for storing and updating sensor data.

[0020] In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention arranges a plurality of TEC heating plates on both sides of the circuit board, uses the circuit board temperature measuring circuit to detect the temperature on both sides of the circuit board to achieve the circuit board working environment temperature where the LoRa wireless data transmission module is located to maintain a constant temperature state, completes the reception and transmission of multi-channel temperature and humidity sensor data in the polar low temperature environment through the LoRa wireless data transmission module, makes the wireless communication mode of the temperature and humidity sensor device in the polar low temperature environment more flexible; the LoRa wireless data transmission module is composed of a low-power computing processor and a LoRa chip, greatly reduces the overall power consumption of the LoRa wireless data transmission module, is more suitable for the current situation of energy shortage in the polar environment, and increases the wireless transmission distance to 3 to 15 kilometers; the LoRa wireless data transmission module sets the communication channel and the working frequency through the driving circuit, is no longer interfered by other radio signals in the space during the communication process, and enhances the stability of data transmission.

[0022] The TEC temperature control module of the present invention can ensure that the components and integrated circuit chips on the circuit board can operate at a normal temperature (25°C) in an extremely low temperature environment, ensure continuous and stable execution of sensing monitoring work in an extremely low temperature environment, and ensure stable transmission of sensor signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wireless multi-channel sensor signal transmission system of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the channel monitoring working mode of the LoRa communication of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a broadcast transmission working mode diagram of the LoRa communication of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4This is a diagram of the fixed-point broadcast working mode of the LoRa communication of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the status display module.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power management module of the driving circuit.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-crosstalk communication interface expander.

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of TEC temperature control principle.

[0031] Fig. 9 This is the schematic diagram of the TEC drive circuit.

[0032] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the actual TEC temperature control module structure.

[0033] Fig.11 This is the installation structure diagram of the TEC temperature control module and circuit board.

[0034] Fig.12 This is the front view of the TEC temperature control module and circuit board installation structure.

[0035] Fig.13 The temperature comparison chart of the circuit board in the state without TEC and with TEC.

[0036] In the figure, 1. connector, 2. fixing column, 3. TEC heating plate, 4. circuit board, 5. thermistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the present invention discloses a constant temperature protection device for a wireless multi-channel sensor circuit in a polar environment, which is suitable for constant temperature protection of a sensor circuit in a polar low temperature environment, comprising a circuit board 4, a plurality of TEC heating plates and a circuit board temperature measuring circuit for detecting the working environment temperature of the circuit board 4. A plurality of TEC heating plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the circuit board 4, and the real-time temperature of the circuit board 4 in a working state is obtained through the circuit board temperature measuring circuit. The TEC heating plates heat / dissipate heat on both sides of the circuit board 4 according to the real-time temperature to realize constant temperature control of the working environment of the circuit board 4; the circuit board 4 is fixedly connected to the plurality of TEC heating plates through a fixing column 2, and there are at least two TEC heating plates. Figures 10-12In the illustrated embodiment, the circuit board 4 is connected to two TEC heating plates via a connector 1. In actual use, the number and position of the TEC heating plates can be adjusted according to the size of the circuit board. The circuit board temperature measurement circuit is arranged on both sides of the circuit board 4. In this embodiment, the circuit board temperature measurement circuit obtains the real-time temperature of the circuit board 4 via a plurality of thermistors 5. The sensor circuit board is a temperature and humidity sensor circuit board. The present invention can also be used for constant temperature protection of other types of sensor circuit boards.

[0039] The present invention also discloses a thermostatic protection system for a polar environment wireless multi-channel sensor circuit. Based on the above-mentioned thermostatic protection device for a polar environment wireless multi-channel sensor circuit, the system comprises a low-power operation processor, a LoRa wireless data transmission module for sensor data transmission, and a TEC temperature control module for maintaining a constant temperature in a working environment of the LoRa wireless data transmission module, wherein: the LoRa wireless data transmission module is serially connected to the low-power operation processor, the low-power operation processor sends a control command to the LoRa wireless data transmission module through a UART serial port to realize the setting of the working mode of the LoRa wireless data transmission module, the LoRa wireless data transmission module adopts, the low-power operation processor sends a number of sensor data connected through a bus to the LoRa wireless data transmission module, and the wireless transmission of the sensor data is completed through the LoRa wireless data transmission module; in this embodiment, the low-power operation processor selects STM32L496RGT6, the LoRa wireless data transmission module selects the SX1278 chip solution, the LoRa wireless data transmission module constructs a communication network based on the LoRa protocol, realizes the data wireless transmission function of the sensor device, and the LoRa wireless data transmission module sets three working modes: channel monitoring, broadcast transmission and fixed-point broadcast, such as Figure 2 As shown, the LoRa wireless data transmission module sends sensor data from the device to the LoRa server master device at a fixed time, and the LoRa server master device obtains the sensor data of each device end by channel monitoring; Figure 3 The LoRa server master device broadcasts and transmits data to and from each LoRa slave device, sending and receiving device data with the same network address, channel, and rate; Figure 4 The figure shows that the LoRa server master device broadcasts the LoRa slave devices of the same network, rate, and channel at a fixed point to transmit sensor data. The low-power core computing processor uses the serial communication protocol to communicate with the LoRa module, and configures the network address, radio frequency band selection, and data transmission rate parameters of the LoRa module based on the command control word of the Modbus protocol. The low-power core computing processor encodes the calculated and processed sensor data according to the protocol. It is sent to the cache of the LoRa module through the serial port UART. The central processing unit in the LoRa module decodes the data in the cache according to the protocol and transmits it to the monitoring device end using the LoRa network.

[0040] The transmission distance of existing wireless transmission technologies such as WiFi and Bluetooth is in the range of tens to hundreds of meters. The use of LoRa wireless data transmission modules for wireless communication can increase the wireless transmission distance to 3 to 15 kilometers, greatly increasing the wireless communication distance. At the same time, the LoRa wireless data transmission module designs specific communication channels and operating frequencies through the driving circuit, and is no longer interfered by other radio signals in the space during the communication process, thereby enhancing the stability of data transmission.

[0041] The anti-crosstalk communication interface expander and sensor power supply module of the present invention optimizes the cumbersome wiring process during sensor installation and deployment through a "one master to multiple slaves" deployment mode, and at the same time separately divides multiple sensor signal links and power supply links to reduce the crosstalk between the two.

[0042] The TEC temperature control module obtains the real-time temperature of the circuit board where the LoRa wireless data transmission module is located through the circuit board temperature measurement circuit, and drives the TEC heating plate to keep the working environment of the LoRa wireless data transmission module at a constant temperature. The TEC temperature control module includes a TEC driving circuit, a circuit board temperature measurement circuit and a plurality of TEC heating plates. The circuit board temperature measurement circuit obtains the real-time working temperature of the circuit board 4 by sampling, and the real-time working temperature signal is transmitted to the TEC driving circuit. In this embodiment, the difference between the real-time working temperature and the target working temperature of the circuit board is proportional, integral and differential calculations are performed by a low-power computing processor, and the TEC driving circuit outputs a signal to the TEC heating plate to control the direction and size of the temperature adjustment of the TEC heating plate, so as to achieve constant temperature control. The TEC driving circuit controls the working state of the TEC heating plate to be heating or low-temperature heat dissipation by the positive and negative output signals. For example, if the output signal is positive, the TEC heating plate is heated, and if the output signal is negative, the TEC heating plate is cooled, and the power of the TEC heating plate is controlled by the size of the output signal. In this embodiment, two TEC heating plates are used to control the temperature of both sides of the circuit board. The preset temperature of the circuit board 4 for normal operation is 25°C. The circuit board temperature measurement circuit obtains the real-time temperature of the circuit board working state by sampling, and performs proportional integral differential operation on the difference between the real-time temperature and the preset temperature to obtain the current control amount of the TEC heating plate. The current control amount is transmitted to the TEC heating plate by using the TEC driving current. The TEC heating plate determines the working state at the current moment according to the direction and magnitude of the current, that is, determines whether the current moment is heating or cooling and releasing heat, and determines the heating / releasing power at the current moment according to the current magnitude. By cycling this working process, the working temperature of the circuit board 4 is adjusted to maintain at the target working temperature of 25°C. Fig.10As shown in the figure, the TEC temperature control module uses the PID algorithm to control the temperature of the upper and lower sides of the sensor device circuit board. The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) samples the voltage across the thermistor within the specified sampling period and sends the sampled value to the microcontroller (MCU). The microcontroller (MCU) subtracts the sampled value from the target value to calculate the error value of each sampling, uses the error value to perform proportional integral operation, and converts the operation result into current using the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and inputs it into the TEC controller. The TEC controller controls the semiconductor cooling piece TEC to heat or cool, thereby controlling the temperature around the circuit board to the target set value.

[0043] The wireless multi-channel sensor signal transmission system also includes an anti-crosstalk communication interface expander, a sensor power module, a status display module, a drive circuit power management module, and a storage module. The low-power computing processor is connected to a number of sensors through the anti-crosstalk communication interface expander. The sensors are powered by the sensor power module. The sensor type can be selected according to actual usage requirements. In this embodiment, a temperature and humidity sensor is used to centrally manage the power configuration of multiple sensors and coordinate the power supply mode of multiple sensors. The status display module receives and displays the status parameters sent by the low-power computing processor, and displays various performance parameters of the sensor in real time to meet the user's visual needs for the sensor status. The drive circuit power management module is respectively connected to the LoRa wireless data transmission module, the status display module, the storage module, and the TEC temperature control module for power configuration to achieve the power supply requirements of the connected modules. The storage module is connected to the low-power computing processor for storage and updating of sensor data. The sensor power module centrally manages the power configuration of multiple sensors and coordinates the power supply mode of multiple sensors. Figure 5 The status display module is shown, which displays the dynamic operating parameters of each module of the sensor device, including the sensor device operating mode display, sensor operating status monitoring display, LoRa module operating status monitoring display, TEC temperature control device operating status monitoring display, sensor device drive circuit current voltage and overload status monitoring display, sensor power supply current voltage and power consumption monitoring display; the touch screen is used for human-computer interaction to set the fixed parameters of each module of the sensor device, including the sensor slave address setting, TEC temperature control module target temperature, LoRa module slave network address, working frequency band and transmission baud rate, and sensor device operating parameter log storage period. The low-power core computing processor uses the serial peripheral interface (SPI) to communicate with the display module, configure the screen initialization parameter value, send the screen display data information, receive the touch unit position coordinate information and touch mode information, and the low-power core computing processor parses the data on the serial peripheral interface to control the normal operation of the display module. Figure 6The figure shows the drive circuit power management module, which rectifies, filters and stabilizes the power supply of the sensor device, and reduces the voltage of the power supply to 5V and 3.3V, maintains the load capacity of the power supply, limits the current of each circuit loop, and controls the power consumption of each part of the sensor device. The low-power core computing processor uses the high and low level switching values ​​of the general input and output interface (GPIO) to control the working mode of the voltage-stabilized power supply chip, so that the drive circuit power management module can operate normally. (1) The storage module uses non-volatile memory (flash), which is divided into pages, sectors and blocks to store different types of data. The storage module stores sensor sampling data, module communication logs, fixed parameter values ​​of the sensor device, low-power core computing processor and various module drivers. The low-power core computing processor communicates with the storage module using a serial peripheral interface. As shown in FIG. Figure 7 The figure shows that the anti-crosstalk communication interface expander uses a universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter (UART) to communicate with a low-power core computing processor. The anti-crosstalk communication interface expander is cascaded by an RS485 optocoupler isolation hub and an RS485 to TTL serial port module, one end of which is connected to a temperature and humidity sensor and the other end is connected to a low-power core computing processor. Optocoupler isolation can effectively solve the signal crosstalk between multiple RS485s.

[0044] The low-power computing processor is used to control the wireless multi-channel sensor signal transmission system. The LoRa wireless data transmission module is serially connected to the low-power computing processor, which are serial transmission TX, serial reception RX and ground line GND. The low-power computing processor sends control commands to the LoRa wireless data transmission module through the UART serial port, sets the working mode of the LoRa wireless data transmission module, and sends sensor data to the LoRa wireless data transmission module; the status display module is connected to the low-power computing processor through a four-wire SPI connection, which are chip select signal CS, clock signal SCK, data signal SDA and bottom line GND. The low-power computing processor sends the content data to be displayed on the display screen to the status display module through the SPI protocol; the storage module is connected to the low-power computing processor through a four-wire SPI connection, which are chip select signal CS, clock signal SCK, data signal SD A and bottom line GND, the low-power computing processor writes the sensor's sampling data and program running log to the storage module through the SPI protocol; the anti-crosstalk communication interface expander is connected to the low-power computing processor through RS485 serial connection, which are serial transmission TX, serial reception RX and ground line GND respectively. The low-power computing processor sends a data reading command to the sensor on the RS485 bus. After receiving the command, the sensor mounted on the RS485 bus will return the collected data through the RS485 bus; the drive circuit power management module is respectively connected to the power supply end of the LoRa module, status display module, storage module, and TEC temperature control module, providing a 5V DC regulated power supply; the drive circuit power management module is connected to the power supply end of the low-power core computing processor, providing a 3.3V DC regulated power supply; the sensor power management module is connected to each sensor probe, providing a 24V DC regulated power supply. The status display module uses TFT-LCD or OLED, the drive circuit power management module, such as the voltage stabilization circuit, the 24V to 5V power management module and its peripheral circuits, the 5V to 3.3V power management module and its peripheral circuits, and the power rectifier and filter circuit; the anti-crosstalk communication interface expander, such as the RS485 optocoupler isolation hub, the RS485 to TTL serial port module; the sensor power management module, such as the voltage stabilization circuit, the 24V to 12V power management module and its peripheral circuits; the TEC temperature control module uses the semiconductor refrigeration chip TEC.

[0045] like Fig.13 As shown, under the action of the TEC heating plate, the working temperature of the circuit board can maintain 25°C for normal operation. The working temperature of the circuit board without the TEC heating plate is affected by the ambient temperature, and the working temperature is significantly lower than the working temperature of the circuit board with the TEC heating plate, and the working temperature is already below the freezing point, indicating that the present invention can significantly improve the working temperature of the circuit board in a low temperature environment and maintain the normal working temperature of the circuit board.

[0046] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A constant temperature protection device for wireless multi-channel sensor circuits in polar environments, characterized in that: The invention comprises a circuit board (4), a plurality of TEC heating plates and a circuit board temperature measuring circuit for detecting the working environment temperature of the circuit board (4); a plurality of TEC heating plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the circuit board (4); the real-time temperature of the circuit board (4) in the working state is obtained through the circuit board temperature measuring circuit; the TEC heating plates heat / dissipate heat on both sides of the circuit board (4) according to the real-time temperature to realize constant temperature control of the working environment of the circuit board (4); The circuit board temperature measurement circuit is arranged on both sides of the circuit board (4).

2. The circuit constant temperature protection device for wireless multi-channel sensors in polar environments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The circuit board (4) is fixedly connected to a plurality of TEC heating plates via a fixing column (2).

3. The constant temperature protection device for polar environment wireless multi-channel sensor circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The TEC has at least two heating plates.

4. A constant temperature protection system for a wireless multi-channel sensor circuit in a polar environment, based on the constant temperature protection device for a wireless multi-channel sensor circuit in a polar environment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It includes a low-power computing processor, a LoRa wireless data transmission module for sensor data transmission, and a TEC temperature control module for maintaining a constant temperature in the working environment of the LoRa wireless data transmission module, wherein: the LoRa wireless data transmission module is serially connected to the low-power computing processor, the low-power computing processor sends a control command to the LoRa wireless data transmission module through a UART serial port to set the working mode of the LoRa wireless data transmission module, the low-power computing processor sends a number of sensor data connected through a bus to the LoRa wireless data transmission module, and completes the wireless transmission of the sensor data through the LoRa wireless data transmission module; The TEC temperature control module obtains the real-time temperature of the circuit board where the LoRa wireless data transmission module is located through the circuit board temperature measurement circuit, and drives the TEC heating plate to keep the working environment of the LoRa wireless data transmission module at a constant temperature.

5. The constant temperature protection system for polar environment wireless multi-channel sensor circuits according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The TEC temperature control module comprises a TEC drive circuit, a circuit board temperature measurement circuit and a plurality of TEC heating plates. The circuit board temperature measurement circuit obtains the real-time working temperature of the circuit board (4) by sampling, and the real-time working temperature signal is transmitted to the TEC drive circuit. The difference between the real-time working temperature and the target working temperature of the circuit board is subjected to proportional integral differential operation. The TEC drive circuit outputs a signal to the TEC heating plate to control the direction and magnitude of the temperature adjustment of the TEC heating plate, thereby realizing constant temperature control.

6. The constant temperature protection system for wireless multi-channel sensor circuits in polar environments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The TEC driving circuit controls the working state of the TEC heating plate to be heating at a high temperature or cooling at a low temperature by the positive or negative output signal, and controls the power of the TEC heating plate by the size of the output signal.

7. The constant temperature protection system for wireless multi-channel sensor circuits in polar environments according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes an anti-crosstalk communication interface expander, a sensor power module, a status display module, a drive circuit power management module, and a storage module. The low-power computing processor is connected to a plurality of sensors through the anti-crosstalk communication interface expander, and the sensors are powered by the sensor power module; The status display module receives and displays the status parameters sent by the low-power computing processor; The drive circuit power management module is respectively connected to the LoRa wireless data transmission module, the status display module, the storage module, and the TEC temperature control module for power configuration to meet the power supply requirements of the connected modules; the storage module is connected to the low-power computing processor for storing and updating sensor data.

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