Parking space electronic tag, parking space lock device, parking lot and positioning navigation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electronic tags, parking lots and positioning navigation, in particular to a parking space electronic tag, a parking space lock, a parking lot and a positioning navigation method. The parking space electronic tag is used for being adjacent to the peripheral position of a parking space and comprises a plurality of wireless communication modules, and at least one wireless communication module is used for transmitting directional wireless signals; when the electronic tag is installed at the position adjacent to the periphery of the parking space, the directional wireless signal faces the front of the entrance of the parking space. The parking lot is provided with a plurality of parking space electronic tags. The positioning and navigation method is a positioning and navigation method for performing proximity detection on the electronic tag. The novel parking space level navigation technology is realized by combining the characteristics of directivity, size, arrangement rule and the like of parking spaces, has the advantages of simple technology, low cost, large-scale use and the like, and can be used as one of technical means for relieving the problems of difficult parking, expensive parking and the like at the present stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic tags, parking lots, and positioning and navigation, and in particular to a parking space electronic tag, a parking space lock, a parking lot, and a positioning and navigation method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of the number of cars in my country, the problems of parking difficulties and high parking costs are becoming increasingly serious. Generally speaking, the number of parking spaces in a city must be more than 1.1 times the number of cars in order to operate normally. The current ratio of the number of cars in Chinese cities to the number of parking spaces is about 1:0.8, and it is only 1:0.5 in small and medium-sized cities. However, in the case of severe shortage of parking spaces, the utilization rate of parking spaces in more than 90% of cities in the country is less than 50%, and the utilization rate of parking spaces in major cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou is between 40% and 50%. Therefore, the insufficient number of parking spaces and low utilization rate are the important reasons for the difficulty and high cost of parking at this stage.

[0003] Parking space-level navigation technology can navigate users to specific parking spaces in parking lots. At present, more and more parking lots are using parking space-level navigation technology to improve the utilization rate of parking spaces. Therefore, parking space-level navigation technology can be used as one of the important technical means to alleviate the current difficulties and high costs of parking. However, the existing parking space-level navigation technology relies on AI technologies such as high-precision maps and indoor and outdoor fusion positioning. The technology is difficult and the implementation cost is high. It cannot be applied on a large scale and has limited effect on solving the problems of difficult and expensive parking. Therefore, it is necessary to realize a new parking space-level navigation technology with simpler technology, lower cost, and large-scale use to better solve the problems of difficult and expensive parking. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a parking space electronic tag, a parking space lock, a parking lot, and a positioning navigation method. It is a special device and method designed based on the characteristics of parking spaces such as directionality, size, and arrangement rules, and realizes the new parking space-level navigation technology described in the "background technology" to solve the related problems mentioned in the "background technology" such as difficulty in parking and high parking costs.

[0005] In order to achieve the above effects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a parking space electronic tag for use in a location adjacent to a parking space, comprising: a plurality of wireless communication modules, at least one of which is used to transmit a directional wireless signal; The directional wireless signal means that when the parking space electronic tag is working normally, among all the positions at the same predetermined distance as the parking space electronic tag, the positions in certain specific directions can exchange data, while the positions in other directions cannot exchange data; wherein, the predetermined distance is less than 1000 meters, and the data exchange information includes the unique identification information of the parking space electronic tag; When the parking space electronic tag is installed at a location adjacent to the periphery of the parking space, the several specific directions of the directional wireless signal at least include: a direction facing the front of the parking space entrance.

[0007] Furthermore, the communication technology adopted by the wireless communication module includes: at least one of infrared, Bluetooth, Star Flash, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, LoRa, UWB, and RFID communication technologies.

[0008] Furthermore, the directional wireless signal is a Bluetooth signal, and the predetermined distance is less than 45 meters.

[0009] Furthermore, the parking space electronic tag also includes: a detection module for detecting the status of the vehicle.

[0010] Furthermore, the parking space electronic tag also includes: an indication module, which is used to indicate the location or area of ​​the device.

[0011] Furthermore, the indication module includes: at least one of a speaker, an indicator light, a barcode, an infrared emission module, and an ultra-high frequency electronic tag.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention provides a parking lock with a positioning function, which is based on the above-mentioned parking electronic tag and further includes: a driving module and a barrier; the driving module is connected to the barrier and can drive the barrier to move.

[0013] A third aspect of the present invention provides a parking lot based on parking space electronic tags, which is equipped with a plurality of the above-mentioned parking space electronic tags and / or the above-mentioned parking space locks.

[0014] Furthermore, the parking lot includes a plurality of parking spaces and / or aisles; the aisle refers to a passage area connecting each of the parking spaces; the device is installed on the plane of the parking spaces and / or the aisles, or installed above the plane of the parking spaces and / or the aisles, or installed in the exit and / or entrance passage area adjacent to the parking lot.

[0015] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a positioning and navigation method based on a parking space electronic tag, the steps of which include: S1: near the electronic tag 10-6 of the reserved parking space; S2: Generate a running path from the reserved parking space electronic tag 10-6 to the target parking space electronic tag 10-5; S3: Update current location information according to parking space electronic tags 10-1 to 10-5.

[0016] A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions, which implement the above method when executed by a processor.

[0017] A sixth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store one or more computer program instructions, wherein the one or more computer program instructions are executed by the processor to implement the above method.

[0018] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following: 1. Currently, electronic tags are based on radio frequency signals and require readers to read tag information. They are mostly used in logistics, warehousing, retail, medical and other industries. Currently, there are no electronic tags specifically suitable for parking spaces. The present invention is an electronic tag designed specifically for parking spaces. It is based on commonly used wireless communication technology and can read tag information using general terminal devices (such as mobile phones). 2. The existing Bluetooth beacon is not a dedicated beacon for parking spaces, and its actual use effect in parking space positioning scenarios is poor; while the present invention realizes a Bluetooth beacon dedicated to parking spaces, and its actual use effect in parking space positioning scenarios is better. 3. The existing indoor parking space positioning and navigation adopts one of the wireless indoor positioning technologies based on Bluetooth, WiFi, UWB ultra-wideband, etc., and adopts multilateral positioning to determine the position. The position coupling between signal source devices is high, and the installation density, position, and accuracy of the corresponding data map of the signal source devices are high, and the construction cost is high. However, the present invention does not adopt multilateral positioning, the relative position coupling between the corresponding signal source devices is low, and the installation density, position, and accuracy of the corresponding data map of the signal source devices are low, and the construction cost is low. 4. Since parking spaces are densely arranged in parking lot environments, the existing positioning methods based on wireless communication technology require multiple different signal sources at the same location, which leads to an extremely complex overall electromagnetic environment of the parking lot. Signal source devices are prone to electromagnetic interference with each other, lack of stability, and poor use effect. The present invention combines the directionality, size, arrangement position and other characteristics of parking spaces in the parking lot environment to effectively control the coverage direction and range of electromagnetic waves, greatly simplifying the overall electromagnetic environment of the parking lot. Signal source devices do not electromagnetically interfere with each other, have strong stability, and good use effect. 5. In the existing positioning method based on wireless communication technology, since multiple different signal sources are required at the same position, the multilateral positioning method is used to calculate the position. If a higher positioning accuracy is to be achieved, the consistency of the physical characteristics of the signal source device used as a reference, such as the signal transmission power and antenna performance, is required to be high. In actual implementation, the same model of signal source devices is usually used. If some of the signal source devices are updated, it will directly affect the positioning accuracy. As the signal source device continues to depreciate and lose, it is difficult to obtain the original model of the device in the later stage, so the later maintenance and update costs are high. However, the positioning technology of the present invention has no consistency requirements and can use various types of signal source devices at the same time, so the later maintenance and update costs are low. 6. The signal source device used in the existing parking space positioning and navigation is not designed for the characteristics of parking lot usage scenarios, so its applicability to parking lot usage scenarios is poor; while the above-mentioned parking space electronic tag used in the present invention is designed in combination with the characteristics of the parking space such as directionality, size, and arrangement rules, so it has strong applicability to parking lot usage scenarios. 7. The existing positioning, navigation and monitoring systems based on cameras rely on a large number of high-performance cameras and complex neural network algorithms, with high implementation costs. The positioning and navigation functions are limited and are mostly used for finding and navigating vehicles after entering the warehouse. The positioning and navigation method of the present invention is based on parking electronic tags, does not require high-performance cameras and complex neural network algorithms, has low implementation costs, and has rich positioning and navigation functions, and can realize positioning and navigation of the entire process of parking, finding a vehicle, and leaving the vehicle; 8. Existing parking space-level navigation technology relies on AI technologies such as high-precision maps and indoor and outdoor fusion positioning. It is technically difficult, has high implementation costs, and cannot be applied on a large scale. The present invention can realize a parking space-level navigation technology that is simpler in technology, lower in cost, and can be used on a large scale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of a parking space electronic tag of the present invention. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a parking lock embodiment of the present invention. Figures 3 to 5 Schematic diagram of a parking lot embodiment of the present invention. Figures 6-7 It is the antenna radiation pattern (lobe pattern) and effect diagram of the directional antenna.

[0020] List of reference numerals: 1-1, base; 1-2, top cover; 1-6, motor; 1-7, baffle; 2, main control board; 2-1, NB-IOT communication module; 2-2, Bluetooth module; 3-1, NB-IOT communication antenna; 3-2, Bluetooth directional antenna; 4, infrared ranging module; 5, battery; 10-10-7, parking space electronic tag of the present invention; 11, directional wireless signal; 20, identification signal; 30, small car. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these descriptions are only illustrative and exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the directional terms such as upper, middle, lower, top, bottom, etc. mentioned in this article are defined relative to the directions in the respective drawings. They are relative concepts and can therefore vary according to the different positions and different practical states in which they are located. The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be understood as restrictive terms.

[0023] It should be noted that in different drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or substantially the same components. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "fixation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] It should also be noted that in the specification and claims of the present invention, the "detection module" mainly detects whether a predetermined object exists within a predetermined range through a sensor. Commonly used sensors include: distance sensors, proximity sensors, visual sensors, etc., among which commonly used "distance sensors" include: ultrasonic sensors, microwave sensors, laser ranging sensors, etc., and commonly used "proximity sensors" include: inductive proximity sensors, capacitive proximity sensors, photoelectric proximity sensors; commonly used "visual sensors" include: cameras, laser scanners, etc.; in addition, the "detection module" can also have various implementation methods according to different usage scenarios and detection accuracy requirements. For example, in the usage scenario of detecting whether a parking space is occupied by a vehicle, the "detection module" can be combined with a distance sensor and a visual sensor to realize vehicle detection, wherein the distance of the vehicle is judged by the distance sensor, and the vehicle or license plate image obtained by the visual sensor is identified to determine whether there is a vehicle within the predetermined range; in addition, similar functions can also be achieved by proximity sensors and visual sensors; if the detection accuracy requirement is not high, it is also possible to determine whether there is an object in the parking space only by the distance sensor, thereby roughly determining whether there is a vehicle. The "directional antenna" refers to an antenna that transmits or receives electromagnetic waves particularly strongly in one or several specific directions, and transmits or receives electromagnetic waves zero or very small in other directions; the "directional wireless signal" may refer to a signal sent by the "directional antenna", or a signal similar to that sent by the "directional antenna" realized by other technical means such as signal shielding materials. The "wireless communication" is a communication method that uses the characteristic that electromagnetic wave signals can propagate in free space to exchange information. Commonly used "wireless communication" technologies include: 5G, Bluetooth, Star Flash, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, LoRa, NB-IoT, UWB, RFID, etc. The "unique identification" information is used to uniquely identify the device of the present invention, usually a code composed of numbers, letters or symbols, or a combination of several of the codes; for example: the "unique identification" information of the embodiment of the parking space electronic tag of the present invention based on Bluetooth below consists of two parts: "Bluetooth device name" and "Bluetooth MAC address". Those skilled in the art can understand the above terms according to specific circumstances. Embodiment 1

[0025] This embodiment provides a parking space electronic tag. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of the parking space electronic tag of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, the external shell of this embodiment includes: a base 1-1, a top cover 1-2, and the top cover 1-2 is connected to the base 1-1 by a buckle. A main control board 2 is installed at the front end of this embodiment, and the main control board 2 is inclined at a certain angle to the horizontal plane. The main control board 2 is connected to the battery 5 at the rear end. The main control board 2 includes: an NB-IOT communication module 2-1, a Bluetooth module 2-2, a NB-IOT communication antenna 3-1, a Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2, and an infrared ranging module 4; the NB-IOT communication module 2-1 is signal-connected to the NB-IOT communication antenna 3-1, and the Bluetooth module 2-2 is signal-connected to the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2; wherein, the NB-IOT communication antenna 3-1 is an omnidirectional antenna, and the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2 is a directional antenna. Figures 6-7 is the antenna radiation pattern (lobe pattern) and effect diagram of the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2, where Figure 7 As shown, the horizontal and vertical lobe widths of the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2 are less than 20°. Figure 6 As shown, point O represents the installation position of the present embodiment, points A, B, C, and D are points on the same circle, and the direction of point A is the direction faced by the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2 of the present embodiment; when the present embodiment at point O works normally, among A, B, C, and D, only point A can receive the Bluetooth signal and read the unique identification information of the device of the present embodiment, while points B, C, and D cannot receive the Bluetooth signal and cannot read the unique identification information of the device of the present embodiment; wherein the unique identification information of the device of the present embodiment is a character string composed of two parts of data: "Bluetooth device name" and "Bluetooth MAC address"; in addition, since the length of an ordinary motor vehicle parking space is less than 6 meters and the width of an aisle is less than 4 meters, the present embodiment effectively controls the transmission power of the Bluetooth module 2-2 and controls the effective communication distance within 10 meters, that is, the distance between point O and point A is less than 10 meters. Figure 3 , 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present embodiment being installed and used in a parking lot. Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the embodiments 10-1 to 10-7 are installed at various locations in the parking lot, wherein the embodiments 10-1 to 10-5 are installed at locations adjacent to parking spaces, and the embodiments 10-6 and 7 are installed at the entrance / exit passage areas of the parking lot, respectively; Figure 4 As shown, the red arrows A respectively indicate the directions facing the Bluetooth directional antennas 3-2 of the embodiments 10-1 to 10-7, wherein the Bluetooth directional antennas 3-2 of the embodiments 10-1 to 10-5 face the front of the entrances of the respective parking spaces; therefore, when the embodiments 10-1 to 10-5 work normally, they transmit directional Bluetooth signals facing the front of the entrances of the respective parking spaces; it should be noted that the direction facing the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2 is controlled so that the vehicles passing by the front of the parking spaces can receive the directional wireless signals transmitted by them, so in addition to Figure 4In addition to the directions shown, other directions such as the vertical direction in front of the parking space, the horizontal direction, etc., should be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the actual use effect of this embodiment in a parking lot. Figure 5 As shown, embodiments 10-1 to 10-5 are arranged and installed above the corresponding parking space entrance positions, and embodiments 10-6 and 7 are respectively installed in the entrance / exit channel areas of the parking lot. The sector-shaped area similar to the red ACB in the figure represents the effective coverage area of ​​the Bluetooth signal of the embodiment, that is, the Bluetooth signal (i.e., the directional wireless signal 11) can be received within the sector-shaped area, and the unique identification information of the device of the embodiment can be read; based on the physical characteristics of the signal transmitted by the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2, and the effective control of the transmission power of the Bluetooth module 2-2, embodiments 10-1 to 10-5 accurately describe the directionality, size, arrangement pattern and other characteristics of the parking space; and solve the problems of the existing similar technologies that multiple different signal sources are required at the same location, the parking spaces are densely arranged, and the overall electromagnetic environment of the parking lot is abnormally complex, the signal source devices are prone to electromagnetic interference with each other, the stability is insufficient, and the use effect is poor. According to Figure 5 According to the characteristics of signal directionality, size, arrangement regularity, etc. described in the specification, a proximity detection method can be used to realize the positioning and navigation of the parking space, thereby realizing a new parking space-level navigation technology based on the parking space electronic tag of the present invention.

[0026] In summary, the present embodiment mainly includes: NB-IOT communication module 2-1, Bluetooth module 2-2, Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2, wherein the Bluetooth module 2-2 transmits a directional wireless signal 11 through the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2; when the present embodiment works normally, among the points A, B, C, and D at the same distance as the present embodiment, only the point A position can receive the Bluetooth signal and read the unique identification information of the device of the present embodiment, while the points B, C, and D positions cannot receive the Bluetooth signal and cannot read the unique identification information of the device of the present embodiment; wherein, the effective distance of the Bluetooth signal is less than 10 meters, and the data information transmitted by the Bluetooth signal includes the unique identification information of the present embodiment, and the unique identification information is a string composed of two parts of data, namely, "Bluetooth device name" and "Bluetooth MAC address". In addition, when the present embodiment is installed in a position adjacent to a parking space, the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2 of the present embodiment transmits a directional wireless signal 11 facing the front of the corresponding parking space entrance, and the directional wireless signal 11 covers a predetermined area in front of the corresponding parking space entrance. This embodiment is based on the physical characteristics of the signal transmitted by the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2, and the effective control of the transmission power of the Bluetooth module 2-2, and accurately describes the characteristics of the directionality, size, and arrangement of the parking space. Therefore, this embodiment can be used as a beacon for the parking space to realize a new parking space-level navigation technology. Since this embodiment has a simple structure, a single function, a low cost, and can be used on a large scale, the new parking space-level navigation technology realized based on this embodiment is simpler, more cost-effective, and can be used on a large scale. Therefore, this embodiment achieves the purpose of the present invention.

[0027] Further, see Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, in addition to the Bluetooth module 2-2 and the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2 based on the Bluetooth communication technology, it is easy for those skilled in the art to select modules based on other wireless communication technologies such as infrared, star flash, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, LoRa, UWB, RFID, etc. according to actual conditions. The wireless communication is a communication method that uses the characteristic that electromagnetic wave signals can propagate in free space to exchange information. There are many types of electromagnetic waves, which are arranged in order from low to high frequency: radio waves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-rays and gamma rays. The infrared communication technology refers to a wireless communication technology that uses infrared to transmit data; the infrared wavelength range is 0.70μm to 1mm, and the waves in the 300μm to 1mm region are also called submillimeter waves; the technical standards of infrared communication technology include: IrDA (Infrared Data Association); IrDA is a wireless communication standard that uses infrared to transmit data, with the characteristics of low cost, short distance, low power consumption, etc., suitable for data transmission between portable devices; IrDA includes the following specifications: IrPHY, IrLAP, IrLMP, IrCOMM, TinyTP, IrOBEX, IrLAN and IrSimple. The Bluetooth communication technology refers to a short-range wireless communication technology based on Bluetooth technology; the Bluetooth technology standard is part of IEEE 802.15.1 and is developed and maintained by the Bluetooth Technology Alliance; Bluetooth technology uses the 2.4GHz ISM frequency band (2400~2483.5MHz) and adopts frequency hopping technology to divide data into data packets and transmit them through multiple channels. The Near Link communication technology is a new generation of wireless short-range communication technology native to China; in 2020, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology took the lead in formulating the near-field wireless communication standard for Near Link; in November 2022, the Near Link 1.0 standard was released; the Near Link 1.0 standard consists of 12 standards, including access layer, basic service layer, general (architecture, identification, etc.), security and testing. The Wi-Fi communication technology (Wireless Fidelity) is a wireless communication technology based on the IEEE802.1b standard, commonly known as wireless broadband, which can operate in the 2.4GHZ and 5GHz frequency bands. The ZigBee communication technology (also known as ZigBee), similar to Bluetooth, is a new type of wireless communication technology. Its underlying layer adopts the media access layer and physical layer of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.The LoRa communication technology (Long Range Radio) is a low-power wide area network (LPWAN) wireless communication technology developed by Semtech Corporation of the United States. It adopts spread spectrum modulation technology (Spread Spectrum) to improve the transmission distance and anti-interference ability by expanding the bandwidth of the signal; LoRa works in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) frequency band, and common frequency bands include 868MHz (Europe), 915MHz (United States) and 470MHz (China). Its main advantages are ultra-long-distance communication capability, low power consumption characteristics and strong signal anti-interference ability. The UWB communication technology (Ultra Wide Band), also known as ultra-wideband technology, is a wireless carrier communication technology that uses a frequency bandwidth of more than 1GHz; it does not use a sinusoidal carrier, but uses nanosecond non-sinusoidal narrow pulses to transmit data, so it occupies a large spectrum range; using UWB technology, signals can be transmitted over a very wide bandwidth; the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) of the United States stipulates that UWB technology occupies a bandwidth of more than 500MHz in the 3.1-10.6GHz frequency band. The RFID communication technology (Radio Frequency Identification), also known as radio frequency identification technology, is a technology that uses radio frequency signals to achieve contactless information transmission through spatial coupling (alternating magnetic field or electromagnetic field) and achieves identification through the transmitted information. RFID includes several types: passive RFID, active RFID, semi-active RFID, etc. Among them, active RFID needs to be powered by a battery, can provide a longer reading and writing distance, and is suitable for applications where long-distance reading and writing is required. RFID technical standards include: ISO / IEC 14443 standard, ISO / IEC 15693 standard, ISO / IEC18000 series standard, ISO / IEC 24753 standard, etc. The main frequencies of RFID communication technology are 0-135kHz, and ISM frequencies of 6.78MHz, 13.56MHz, 27.125MHz, 40.68MHz, 433.92MHz, 869.0MHz, 915.0MHz (not used in Europe), 2.45GMHz, 5.8GHz and 24.125GHz.

[0028] It should be noted that at present, LoRa wireless communication technology can achieve an effective communication distance of more than 1000 meters; however, in the parking lot usage scenario, when the parking space electronic tag of the present invention adopts a communication distance of more than 1000 meters, serious signal superposition interference and the like will inevitably occur, which has seriously deviated from the original design intention of the parking space electronic tag of the present invention; therefore, the effective communication distance of the parking space electronic tag of the present invention can be less than 1000 meters.

[0029] Further, see Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, the effective distance of the Bluetooth signal emitted by the Bluetooth module 2-2 and the Bluetooth directional antenna 3-2 is less than 10 meters. It should be noted that at this stage, Bluetooth 5.0 and later versions can theoretically achieve an effective communication distance of more than 100 meters, and the Bluetooth signal in this embodiment can theoretically achieve a farther effective communication distance after the directional antenna gain; at the same time, the layout of different parking lots may vary greatly, especially the number and layout of aisles between parking spaces in the parking lot are quite different, but according to the provisions of the Highway Law of the People's Republic of China, the maximum number of lanes can reach 12, and the width of a single lane is less than 3.75 meters. Therefore, the Bluetooth communication distance that the parking space electronic tag of the present invention may use is less than the total width of 12 lanes, that is, the Bluetooth effective communication distance used by the parking space electronic tag of the present invention is less than 45 meters.

[0030] Further, see Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment also includes an infrared ranging module 4, which can be used to detect the vehicle status of the current parking space, including: the vehicle approaches the parking space, the vehicle enters the parking space, the vehicle leaves the parking space, etc. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can also use other detection modules such as ultrasonic sensors and visual sensors to achieve similar functions.

[0031] Further, in Figure 1 An indicator light is installed on the top cover 1 - 2 of the illustrated embodiment, and the indicator light is connected to the main control board 2 and the battery 5 respectively. When the target vehicle arrives at the predetermined area, the indicator light lights up to indicate the location of the target parking space to the vehicle driver.

[0032] Furthermore, in addition to the above-mentioned indicator light method, those skilled in the art can easily use other indicating means such as speakers, indicator lights, bar codes, infrared transmission modules, ultra-high frequency electronic tags, etc. according to actual conditions to indicate the location of the target parking space to the vehicle driver. Embodiment 2

[0033] This embodiment provides a parking lock with a positioning function. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a parking lock of the present invention, see Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment, based on "Example 1", further includes: motor module 1-6, baffle 1-7; motor module 1-6 is installed in the middle of base 1-1, baffle 1-7 is connected thereto, and can drive baffle 1-7 to rotate up and down; motor module 1-6 is connected to the control signal of main control board 2, and is connected to battery 5 by cable. It should be noted that the existing parking lock is mainly used as an obstacle to prevent the parking space from being occupied, and the functions of locating and monitoring the parking space are insufficient, while this embodiment is a new type of parking lock that makes up for this part of the function. Embodiment 3

[0034] This embodiment provides a parking lot based on parking space electronic tags. Figures 3 to 5 Schematic diagram of a parking lot embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment mainly installs several parking space electronic tags of the present invention described in "Example 1", which are distributed around each parking space and in the exit / entrance passage area adjacent to the parking lot. It should be noted that this embodiment realizes the digitization and informatization of the parking lot based on the electronic tags, and the use of the electronic tags is not unique; those skilled in the art can easily select other types of devices of the present invention according to actual needs, and install various parking lots according to other combination arrangements; therefore, other parking lots equipped with the devices of the present invention also fall within the protection scope of the parking lot of the present invention.

[0035] Further, see Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment includes a plurality of parking spaces and aisles, and the aisle refers to a passage area connecting each of the parking spaces. The parking space electronic tags 10-1 to 10-7 of the present invention are installed at different positions of the present embodiment, wherein the parking space electronic tags 10-1 to 10-3 of the present invention are installed on the plane where the parking space or aisle is located, and the parking space electronic tags 10-4 and 10-5 of the present invention are installed above the plane where the parking space or aisle is located, and the parking space electronic tags 10-6 and 10-7 of the present invention are respectively installed in the entrance / exit passage area of ​​the present embodiment. Embodiment 4

[0036] This embodiment provides a positioning and navigation method based on parking space electronic tags, which is implemented in Figure 5 In the parking lot of the present invention shown in the figure, the process of locating and navigating the car 30 from the electronic tag 10-6 to the electronic tag 10-5. The main steps of this embodiment include: S1: The car 30 obtains a data map of the parking lot and reaches the parking lot entrance through GPS navigation. When the car 30 receives the unique identification information of the electronic tag 10-6 of the reserved parking space, it is determined that the car 30 has reached the position adjacent to the electronic tag 10-6 of the reserved parking space. S2: Based on the data map of the parking lot, a running path from the electronic tag 10-6 of the reserved parking space to the electronic tag 10-5 of the target parking space is generated by calculation; S3: Car 30 drives slowly according to the running path, updates the current position information of car 30 according to the unique identification information of parking space electronic tags 10-1 to 10-4 along the way, and recalculates the running path from the current position to the target parking space electronic tag 10-5, until it receives the unique identification information of the target parking space electronic tag 10-5, and determines that it has reached the target parking space electronic tag 10-5. It should be noted that during this period, due to various reasons, multiple parking space electronic tags may appear at the same position. Signal sources overlap, wrong signal sources are missed, etc., and similar Figure 5In the ideal situation shown in the figure, various error correction methods or existing positioning algorithms such as continuing to try along the original path, RSSI ranging method, triangulation positioning method, multilateral positioning method, etc. can be used to perform correction processing according to the actual situation to achieve the expected effect.

[0037] It should be noted that, from the above description, it can be seen that this embodiment combines multiple positioning and navigation methods such as GPS positioning and parking space electronic tag positioning based on the present invention to continuously approach the location of the target parking space electronic tag 10-5; since parking spaces have regular sizes, directions and arrangement rules (see Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the positioning and navigation method can also perform real-time position correction according to the current electronic tag position, and the characteristic data such as the size, direction and arrangement of the parking space, without cumulative position error; at the same time, when an abnormal situation occurs, various existing positioning algorithms can also be used for correction processing; therefore, the positioning and navigation method of the present invention is more practical, more stable, and has higher positioning accuracy. In addition, the parking lot digital map used in the present embodiment can be a global map based on GPS positioning, or a simple digital map including only relative position data such as parking spaces and aisles. Therefore, the positioning and navigation method of the present invention has lower requirements for digital maps and lower use costs. If a global map based on GPS positioning is used, GPS data representing the corresponding position can be added to the unique identification information of the parking space electronic tag of the present invention. When the car 30 receives the GPS data in the unique identification information of the parking space electronic tag, the GPS data can be brought into the global map to realize positioning and navigation based on GPS. Since the production, use and maintenance costs of the two digital maps are different, those skilled in the art can make a choice according to the actual situation.

[0038] In addition, the existing parking space-level navigation technology is based on GPS, Bluetooth, UWB ultra-wideband, cameras, etc., among which, since it is difficult for underground parking lots to receive GPS signals, the GPS positioning and navigation method is not effective in underground parking lots; the camera-based positioning and navigation method relies on a large number of high-performance cameras and complex neural network algorithms, with high implementation costs and limited functions, and is mostly used for car navigation; the indoor positioning methods based on wireless communication technologies such as Bluetooth, WiFi, and UWB ultra-wideband all use multilateral positioning algorithms, which require multiple different signal sources at the same location, resulting in high mutual coupling between signal sources, and high signal transmission power and signal source device. High requirements are placed on antenna performance, installation density, location, and accuracy of the installation location data map. At the same time, this type of indoor positioning method is easily affected by electromagnetic interference and lacks stability. The large number of signal source devices installed in underground parking lots also increases the complexity of the parking lot's electromagnetic environment and increases the probability of electromagnetic interference, further reducing the use effect. Therefore, the implementation cost of this type of indoor positioning method is high and the use effect is poor. In addition, the positioning and navigation method based on UWB ultra-wideband requires the vehicle to support UWB ultra-wideband communication, while current conventional mobile phones do not support UWB ultra-wideband communication. Therefore, at this stage, the method has limited applicability in the field of parking space positioning and navigation and has poor compatibility.

[0039] In summary, the parking space electronic tag of the present invention used in the above-mentioned embodiments is a special electronic tag designed according to the characteristics of the parking space, such as directionality, size, and arrangement rules; installing it on the parking space in the parking lot can not only accurately indicate the corresponding parking space information, but also greatly reduce the mutual superposition interference of electromagnetic wave signals, simplify the electromagnetic environment for the implementation of the positioning and navigation method of the present invention, reduce the requirements of the positioning and navigation related algorithms, and improve the accuracy and stability of the positioning and navigation method. Therefore, the positioning and navigation method described in this embodiment implemented based on the parking space electronic tag of the present invention has a simple algorithm, strong anti-interference ability, low use cost, and good actual effect. The new parking space-level navigation technology formed by combining the parking space electronic tag, parking lot, and positioning and navigation method of the present invention is more suitable for the parking lot use environment than the existing parking space-level navigation technology, and has obvious technical advantages. Therefore, the present invention solves the related problems in the "background technology" and achieves the purpose of the present invention.

[0040] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of any one of the methods in the aforementioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0041] And an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; and a memory associated with the one or more processors, the memory being used to store program instructions, and the program instructions, when read and executed by the one or more processors, execute the steps of any of the methods described in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0042] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parking space electronic tag, characterized in that: Used in the vicinity of a parking space, the device comprises: a plurality of wireless communication modules (2-2), at least one of which is used to transmit a directional wireless signal (11); The directional wireless signal (11) means that when the parking space electronic tag is working normally, among all positions at the same predetermined distance as the parking space electronic tag, the positions in a certain direction can exchange data, while the positions in other directions cannot exchange data; wherein the predetermined distance is less than 1000 meters, and the data exchange information includes the unique identification information of the parking space electronic tag; When the parking space electronic tag is installed at a location adjacent to the periphery of the parking space, the several specific directions of the directional wireless signal (11) at least include: a direction facing the front of the parking space entrance.

2. The parking space electronic tag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication technology adopted by the wireless communication module (2-2) includes: at least one of infrared, Bluetooth (2-2), Star Flash, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, LoRa, UWB, and RFID communication technologies.

3. The parking space electronic tag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional wireless signal (11) is a Bluetooth (2-2) signal, and the predetermined distance is less than 45 meters.

4. A parking space electronic tag according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes: a plurality of detection modules (4) for detecting the state of the vehicle.

5. A parking lock with positioning function, based on the parking electronic tag according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: Driving module (1-6), obstacle (1-7); The driving module (1-6) is connected to the blocking object (1-7) and is capable of driving the blocking object (1-7) to move.

6. A parking lot based on parking space electronic tags, characterized in that: Several devices according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are installed.

7. A parking lot based on parking space electronic tags according to claim 6, characterized in that: It includes a plurality of parking spaces and / or aisles; the aisle refers to a passage area connecting the parking spaces; The device is installed on the plane of the parking space and / or the aisle, or installed above the plane of the parking space and / or the aisle, or installed in the exit and / or entrance passage area adjacent to the parking lot.

8. A positioning and navigation method based on parking space electronic tags, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: The location adjacent to the electronic tag (10-6) of the reserved parking space; S2: generating a running path from the electronic tag of the reserved parking space (10-6) to the electronic tag of the target parking space (10-5); S3: Update the current location information according to the parking space electronic tag (10-1).

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions, characterized in that: The computer program instructions implement the method of claim 8 when executed by a processor.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that: The memory is used to store one or more computer program instructions, wherein the one or more computer program instructions are executed by the processor to implement the method of claim 8.

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