Novel three-dimensional sum-difference network and implementation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel three-dimensional sum-difference network and an implementation method, and relates to the technical field of microwaves and millimeter waves, the three-dimensional sum-difference network comprises a first sub sum-difference network and a second sub sum-difference network which are arranged in parallel, all ports of the first sub sum-difference network and the second sub sum-difference network are located on the same two-dimensional plane, and all ports of the first sub sum-difference network and the second sub sum-difference network are located on the same two-dimensional plane. The first sub sum-difference network and the second sub sum-difference network are cascaded into a topological structure of a three-dimensional sum-difference network comprising eight output ports through a two-in-one combiner assembly, and the first sub sum-difference network, the second sub sum-difference network and the two-in-one combiner assembly can be independently adjusted. The three-dimensional sum-difference network is provided with eight output ports after the two sub sum-difference networks are cascaded, the two sub sum-difference networks and the two-in-one combiner assembly can be independently adjusted, and the combiner can combine and transmit signals with frequency bands of f0-f1 and f2-f3. Therefore, different-frequency, different-phase and different-amplitude output of the output ports of the two sub-sum-difference networks is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microwave and millimeter wave technology, and more specifically to the field of a novel three-dimensional sum-difference network and an implementation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The antenna uses a sum-difference network antenna because it can achieve multiple functions through the sum-difference network, such as signal amplification, signal distribution, signal switching, etc. There are many advantages of using a sum-difference network antenna: the sum-difference network can improve the antenna's receiving efficiency, thereby enhancing the strength and stability of the signal; the sum-difference network can achieve signal distribution and switching, thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of the antenna; the sum-difference network can also reduce the cost and complexity of the antenna, thereby simplifying the design and implementation of the system.

[0003] For millimeter wave phased array antennas, the sum-difference network is an important component of the millimeter wave phased array antenna. Its performance directly affects the side lobe and difference beam zero depth of the phased array antenna, and is related to the system's RF stealth, tracking accuracy and tracking distance. The sum-difference network is generally composed of a coupler and a combiner. The two-dimensional millimeter wave sum-difference network can simultaneously realize the superposition and subtraction of four signals and output sum-difference signals. Existing patents disclose the following technologies:

[0004] The patent with the publication number CN115528405A and the patent name "A stripline broadband two-dimensional sum-difference network and a multifunctional sum-difference network" discloses the following content: a stripline broadband two-dimensional sum-difference network and a multifunctional sum-difference network, the two-dimensional sum-difference network includes an upper dielectric plate, an upper prepreg, an intermediate dielectric plate, a lower prepreg and a lower dielectric plate stacked from top to bottom, and the two-dimensional sum-difference network also includes a metallized through hole running through the entire two-dimensional sum-difference network, characterized in that: the upper surface of the upper dielectric plate is covered by an upper anti-interference layer, the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate is covered by a lower anti-interference layer, and the metallized through hole runs through the upper anti-interference layer and the lower anti-interference layer; the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate dielectric plate are provided with a conductive strip, the overlapping part of the conductive strip and the edge of the intermediate dielectric plate constitutes a port, the conductive strip is partially overlapped, and the overlapping area constitutes four constant bias couplers, and the four constant bias couplers are cascaded to form a stripline broadband two-dimensional sum-difference network. The present invention provides a stripline broadband two-dimensional sum-difference network and a multifunctional sum-difference network with high integration, broadband, and easy to be integrated with antennas and radio frequency circuits.

[0005] The patent with the publication number CN105762473A and the patent name "Millimeter Wave Two-Dimensional Sum and Difference Network" discloses the following content: A millimeter wave two-dimensional sum and difference network is intended to provide a two-dimensional sum and difference network with small size, light weight, high structural strength and low cost. The present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: the microstrip conductor strip and the microstrip dielectric strip are arranged along the topological curve pattern of the sunken shielding cavity groove on the metal shielding plate surface to form a complete millimeter wave transmission line structure; the front and rear ends of the metal shielding plate are respectively provided with a sum port, a pitch difference port, an azimuth difference port and a double difference port, and the conductor strip and the microstrip dielectric strip pass through the above four input ports respectively, around the sunken groove isolated by the rectangular body in the middle of the above ports, and extend along the sunken opening groove formed by the Z-shaped isolation block at both ends of the rectangular body, and then bend around the Z-shaped isolation block and the central cylindrical isolation block, and extend along the Z-shaped back end sunken groove to the output port of the Z-shaped tail end sunken groove, forming a topological structure of a millimeter wave two-dimensional sum and difference network with eight ports.

[0006] The above patent and the traditional two-dimensional millimeter-wave sum-difference network have only four output signals and can only operate in one frequency band. The sum-difference network in this article can operate in two different frequency bands, output four sum-difference signals in two different frequency bands, and after the end is connected to the antenna, it can output sum beams or difference beams in two different frequency bands, which can be used in millimeter-wave RF systems with two frequency band working requirements. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that the conventional two-dimensional millimeter wave sum-difference network + combiner realizes eight-way output signal, which leads to large insertion loss and poor isolation. The present invention provides a novel three-dimensional sum-difference network and implementation method. The sum-difference network is suitable for millimeter wave phased array antenna and other systems.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention provides a novel three-dimensional sum-difference network, comprising a first sub-sum-difference network and a second sub-sum-difference network arranged in parallel, all ports of the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network are located on the same two-dimensional plane, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network are cascaded into a topological structure of a three-dimensional sum-difference network including eight output ports through a two-in-one combiner component, the first sub-sum-difference network operates in a frequency band f0-f1, the second sub-sum-difference network operates in a frequency band f2-f3, and the two-in-one combiner component can be adjusted separately to achieve different frequencies, different phases, and different amplitudes of outputs of each output port of the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network.

[0010] Specifically, the three-dimensional sum-difference network of the present solution is connected by two sub-sum-difference networks in a three-dimensional cascade manner. Since each sub-sum-difference network has four output ports, the two sub-sum-difference networks have eight output ports after being cascaded, thereby realizing four-way RF signal output in two different frequency bands. The two sub-sum-difference networks and the two-in-one combiner components can be adjusted independently to realize different frequency bands, different phases, and different amplitude outputs of the output ports of the two sub-sum-difference networks.

[0011] In one embodiment, the topological structure of the three-dimensional sum-difference network includes a first sub-sum-difference network, a second sub-sum-difference network, and three two-in-one combiners for cascading the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network each include four input ports and four output ports located in the same plane.

[0013] In one embodiment, the four input ports of the first sub-sum-difference network are a first sum port, a first pitch difference port, a first azimuth difference port, and a first double difference port; the four output ports of the first sub-sum-difference network are a first port A, a first port B, a first port C, and a first output port D.

[0014] In one embodiment, the four input ports of the second sub-sum-difference network are a second sum port, a second pitch difference port, a second azimuth difference port, and a second double difference port; the four output ports of the second sub-sum-difference network are a second output port A, a second output port B, a second output port C, and a second output port D;

[0015] In one embodiment, the two-in-one combiner assembly includes a two-in-one combiner A, a two-in-one combiner B, and a two-in-one combiner C;

[0016] The two-in-one combiner A cascades the first and second sum ports to form a sum port;

[0017] The two-in-one combiner B cascades the first azimuth difference port and the second azimuth difference port to form an azimuth difference port;

[0018] The two-in-one combiner C cascades the first pitch difference port and the second pitch difference port to form a pitch difference port;

[0019] The sum port, the azimuth difference port, and the elevation difference port are located on a two-dimensional plane that is not used for the plane where the first sub-summation and difference network is located.

[0020] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for realizing a novel three-dimensional sum-difference network, which is used to prepare the novel three-dimensional sum-difference network, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. The three-dimensional sum-difference network is composed of eight layers of PCB boards. From the top to the bottom, one to four layers of PCB boards constitute the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network. From the top to the bottom, five to eight layers constitute a two-in-one combiner component. Two adjacent layers of PCB boards are connected through metallized holes.

[0022] S2, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network are connected in a cascade manner through a two-in-one combiner component to obtain eight output ports, one sum port, one pitch difference port, one azimuth difference port, and two double difference ports.

[0023] In one embodiment, the specific method of step S2 is as follows:

[0024] S21, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network each include a stripline dielectric substrate, a metal shielding cavity, a stripline conductor strip, four broadband 3dB bridges and four output ports, the four broadband 3dB bridges are cascaded in a "cross shape" to form four input ports: a sum port, a pitch difference port, an azimuth difference port and a double difference port;

[0025] S22, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum port are cascaded using a two-in-one combiner to form a sum port; the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-pitch difference port are cascaded using a two-in-one combiner to form a pitch difference port; the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-azimuth difference port are cascaded using a two-in-one combiner to form an azimuth difference port;

[0026] Eight output ports are obtained, one sum port, one elevation difference port and one azimuth difference port, and two double difference ports.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] The three-dimensional sum-difference network designed by the present invention adopts two sub-sum-difference networks connected in a three-dimensional cascade manner. Since each sub-sum-difference network has four output ports, the two sub-sum-difference networks have eight output ports after being cascaded, realizing four-way RF signal output in two different frequency bands. The output ports of the two sub-sum-difference networks in this cascade manner are more flexible to adjust. The amplitude and phase consistency, isolation, insertion loss, and implementation difficulty of this solution are better than those of a broadband sum-difference network + combiner. In addition, the two sub-sum-difference networks can be debugged separately, with a larger adjustment space, and can realize dual-band, high-isolation and high-consistency amplitude output, and high-consistency phase difference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a new type of three-dimensional sum-difference network;

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Bottom view of

[0032] Figure markings: 1-first sum port, 2-first pitch difference port, 3-first azimuth difference port, 4-first double difference port, 5-first output port A, 6-first output port B, 7-first output port C, 8-first output port D, 9-second sum port, 10-second pitch difference port, 11-second azimuth difference port, 12-second double difference port, 13-second output port A, 14-second output port B, 15-second output port C, 16-second output port D, 17-sum port, 18-the azimuth difference port, 19-pitch difference port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a novel three-dimensional sum-difference network, including a first sub-sum-difference network and a second sub-sum-difference network arranged in parallel, all ports of the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network are located on the same two-dimensional plane, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network are cascaded into a topological structure of a three-dimensional sum-difference network including eight output ports through a two-in-one combiner component, the first sub-sum-difference network, the second sub-sum-difference network and the two-in-one combiner component can be adjusted separately to achieve different frequency bands, different phases, and different amplitude outputs of each output port of the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network.

[0039] Specifically, the three-dimensional sum-difference network of this scheme adopts two sub-sum-difference networks connected by three-dimensional cascade. Since each sub-sum-difference network has four output ports, the two sub-sum-difference networks have eight output ports after cascading, realizing the superposition and subtraction of eight signals. The sub-sum-difference networks and the two-in-one combiner components can be adjusted independently to realize different frequency bands, different phases, and different amplitude outputs of the output ports of the two sub-sum-difference networks.

[0040] The topological structure of the three-dimensional sum-difference network includes the first sub-sum-difference network, the second sub-sum-difference network, and three two-in-one combiners for cascading the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The present embodiment provides a novel three-dimensional sum-difference network, comprising a first sub-sum-difference network and a second sub-sum-difference network arranged in parallel, wherein all ports of the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network are located on the same two-dimensional plane, and the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network are cascaded into a topological structure of a three-dimensional sum-difference network including eight output ports through a two-in-one combiner component, and the first sub-sum-difference network, the second sub-sum-difference network and the two-in-one combiner component can be adjusted separately to realize different frequency bands, different phases, and different amplitude outputs of each output port of the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network.

[0043] The first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network each include four input ports and four output ports located on the same plane.

[0044] The four input ports of the first sub-sum-difference network are the first sum port 1, the first pitch difference port 2, the first azimuth difference port 3 and the first double difference port 4; the four output ports of the first sub-sum-difference network are the first output port A5, the first output port B6, the first output port C7 and the first output port D8.

[0045] The four input ports of the second sum-difference sub-network are a second sum port 9, a second pitch difference port 10, a second azimuth difference port 11 and a second double difference port 12; the four output ports of the second sum-difference sub-network are a second output port A13, a second output port B14, a second output port C15 and a second output port D16;

[0046] The two-in-one combiner assembly includes a two-in-one combiner A, a two-in-one combiner B and a two-in-one combiner C;

[0047] The two-in-one combiner A cascades the first sum port 1 and the second sum port 9 to form a sum port 17;

[0048] The two-in-one combiner B cascades the first azimuth difference port 3 and the second azimuth difference port 11 to form an azimuth difference port 18;

[0049] The two-in-one combiner C cascades the first pitch difference port 2 and the second pitch difference port 10 to form a pitch difference port 19;

[0050] The sum port 17, the azimuth difference port 18 and the elevation difference port 19 are located on a two-dimensional plane which is not the plane where the first sub-summation and difference network is located.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] This embodiment provides a novel method for implementing a three-dimensional sum-difference network, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. The three-dimensional sum-difference network is composed of eight layers of PCB boards. From the top to the bottom, one to four layers of PCB boards constitute the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network. From the top to the bottom, five to eight layers constitute a two-in-one combiner component. Two adjacent layers of PCB boards are connected through metallized holes.

[0054] S2, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network are connected in cascade mode through a two-in-one combiner component to obtain eight output ports, one sum port 17, one pitch difference port 19, one azimuth difference port 18, and two double difference ports:

[0055] S21, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network each include a stripline dielectric substrate, a metal shielding cavity, a stripline conductor strip, four broadband 3dB bridges and four output ports, the four broadband 3dB bridges are cascaded in a "cross shape" to form four input ports: a sum port, a pitch difference port, an azimuth difference port and a double difference port;

[0056] S22, the first sub-sum-difference network and the sum port of the second sub are cascaded by a two-in-one combiner to form a sum port 17; the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-pitch difference port are cascaded by a two-in-one combiner to form a pitch difference port 19; the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-azimuth difference port are cascaded by a two-in-one combiner to form an azimuth difference port 18; eight output ports, one sum port 17, one pitch difference port 19 and one azimuth difference port 18, and two double difference ports are obtained.

Claims

1. A novel three-dimensional sum-difference network, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first sub-sum-difference network and a second sub-sum-difference network which are arranged in parallel and work in a frequency band of f0 to f1, all ports of the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network are located on the same two-dimensional plane, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network are cascaded into a topological structure of a three-dimensional sum-difference network including eight output ports through a two-in-one combiner component, the first sub-sum-difference network, the second sub-sum-difference network and the two-in-one combiner component can be adjusted separately to realize different frequencies, different phases and different amplitude outputs of each output port of the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network, and two different frequency sum beams or difference beams can be realized simultaneously in combination with an antenna.

2. A novel three-dimensional sum-difference network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The topological structure of the three-dimensional sum-difference network includes the first sub-sum-difference network, the second sub-sum-difference network, and three two-in-one combiners for cascading the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network.

3. A novel three-dimensional sum-difference network according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network both include four input ports and four output ports located in the same plane. The first sub-sum-difference network operates in the frequency band f0-f1, and the second sub-sum-difference network operates in the frequency band f2-f3.

4. A novel three-dimensional sum-difference network according to claim 3, characterized in that: The four input ports of the first sum-difference sub-network are a first sum port (1), a first pitch difference port (2), a first azimuth difference port (3) and a first double difference port (4); the four output ports of the first sum-difference sub-network are a first output port A (5), a first output port B (6), a first output port C (7) and a first output port D (8).

5. A novel three-dimensional sum-difference network according to claim 4, characterized in that: The four input ports of the second sum-difference sub-network are a second sum port (9), a second pitch difference port (10), a second azimuth difference port (11) and a second double difference port (12); the four output ports of the second sum-difference sub-network are a second output port A (13), a second output port B (14), a second output port C (15) and a second output port D (16).

6. A novel three-dimensional sum-difference network according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two-in-one combiner assembly includes a two-in-one combiner A, a two-in-one combiner B and a two-in-one combiner C; The two-in-one combiner A cascades the first sum port (1) and the second sum port (9) to form a sum port (17); The two-in-one combiner B cascades the first azimuth difference port (3) and the second azimuth difference port (11) to form an azimuth difference port (18); The two-in-one combiner C cascades the first pitch difference port (2) and the second pitch difference port (10) to form a pitch difference port (19); Ports 17, 18, and 19 of the two-in-one combiners A, B, and C input combined signals; Ports 1, 2, and 3 of the two-in-one combiners A, B, and C input signals of frequency bands f0 to f1 and isolate signals of frequency bands f2 to f3; Ports 9, 10, and 11 of the two-in-one combiners A, B, and C input signals of frequency bands f1 to f2 and isolate signals of frequency bands f0 to f1; The sum port (17), the azimuth difference port (18) and the elevation difference port (19) are located on a two-dimensional plane that is not the same plane as the first sub-summation and difference network.

7. A novel method for realizing a three-dimensional sum-difference network, characterized in that: A novel three-dimensional sum-difference network as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is adopted.

8. The method for realizing a novel three-dimensional sum-difference network according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The three-dimensional sum-difference network is composed of eight layers of PCB boards. From the top to the bottom, one to four layers of PCB boards constitute the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network. From the top to the bottom, five to eight layers constitute a two-in-one combiner component. Two adjacent layers of PCB boards are connected through metallized holes. S2, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network are connected in a cascade manner through a two-in-one combiner component to obtain eight output ports, one sum port (17), one pitch difference port (19), one azimuth difference port (18), and two double difference ports.

9. The method for realizing a novel three-dimensional sum-difference network according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific method of step S2 is as follows: S21, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum-difference network each include a stripline dielectric substrate, a metal shielding cavity, a stripline conductor strip, four broadband 3dB bridges and four output ports, the four broadband 3dB bridges are cascaded in a "cross shape" to form four input ports: a sum port, a pitch difference port, an azimuth difference port and a double difference port; S22, the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-sum port are cascaded using a two-in-one combiner to form a sum port (17); the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-pitch difference port are cascaded using a two-in-one combiner to form a pitch difference port (19); the first sub-sum-difference network and the second sub-azimuth difference port are cascaded using a two-in-one combiner to form an azimuth difference port (18); Eight output ports are obtained, a sum port (17), a pitch difference port (19) and an azimuth difference port (18), and two double difference ports.

Images