A waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a waveguide type Ka-band horn antenna, which comprises a straight waveguide section, a feeding section, a rear feeding cover and an antenna electric connector; the inside of the straight waveguide section is a rectangular waveguide cavity without a spine structure, and a local slot is formed in the matching surface of the feeding section; a feeding structure is designed in the inside of the feeding section, and the feeding structure is a multilayer step with a local protrusion on the matching surface of the straight waveguide section; the straight waveguide section and the feeding section are combined through fasteners, and the matching end surfaces of the straight waveguide section and the feeding section are both designed with blind hole positioning pin holes; the groove of the straight waveguide section is tightly matched with the protrusion structure of the feeding section; the rear feeding cover is locally protruded, and the protrusion structure is tightly matched with the cavity of the feeding section; the antenna electric connector is fixed through double holes, and the fastener passes through the through hole of the rear feeding cover and the antenna electric connector to simultaneously fix the two on the feeding section. The scheme provided by the application can effectively guarantee the design requirements of the antenna cavity, and has low overall manufacturing difficulty and good processability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna structure technology, and in particular to a waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Ka-band rectangular horn antennas are widely used in electronic warfare interferometer array equipment due to their advantages such as good radiation characteristics, strong anti-interference capability, and high amplitude and phase consistency. Since antennas are typical mechatronic products, their electrical performance characteristics are closely related to their structural design and manufacturing process. A reasonable structural design and manufacturing process can not only effectively ensure the antenna's electrical performance but also reduce manufacturing difficulty and processing costs. Existing literature contains a lot of research on the electrical performance design of millimeter-wave band antennas, but their structural descriptions are only simplified schematic diagrams, lacking detailed structural designs.

[0003] The currently disclosed patent CN113904128A involves a millimeter-wave band rectangular horn antenna substructure and an N-element antenna array. It mainly introduces the structural design and manufacturing of a compact millimeter-wave band rectangular horn antenna array. It adopts a back-to-back structure with the ridge caps and ridge boxes of adjacent horn units, and adjacent horn units share the cavity wall, which solves the problem of thin horn aperture wall thickness when the unit spacing is small, thereby realizing the arraying of any number of antenna units. However, the structure of this patent is suitable for array horn antennas. For waveguide-type millimeter-wave horn antennas, this structure has a significant impact on the antenna performance and is not conducive to the processing of the feed unit. The patent CN101662072B involves a millimeter-wave rectangular-circular transition integrated corrugated horn antenna and its processing method. This horn antenna is formed by integrated electroforming. This processing method has a high technical threshold, and the material is generally electrolytic copper, which is not conducive to the lightweight design of the antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna, which can be used to solve the technical problems of current antennas.

[0005] This application provides a waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna, which includes, from one end to the other, a straight waveguide section, a feed section, a rear feed cover, and an antenna electrical connector.

[0006] The straight waveguide section, feed section, rear feed cover, and antenna electrical connector are installed in a tile-stacking manner; the mating surfaces between the straight waveguide section and the feed section, and between the feed section and the rear feed cover, are all stop structures; the straight waveguide section and the feed section are positioned using cylindrical pins.

[0007] Furthermore, the straight waveguide section has a ridgeless rectangular waveguide cavity inside, which is manufactured using slow wire cutting, and the mating surface with the feed section is locally slotted.

[0008] Furthermore, the internal feed section is designed with a feed structure, which is a multi-layered step structure. The cavity periphery is formed by slow wire cutting, and the mating surface with the straight waveguide section has local protrusions.

[0009] Furthermore, the straight waveguide section and the feed section are combined using fasteners. Both of them have blind hole positioning pin holes designed on their mating end faces. The groove depth of the straight waveguide section end face is lower than the height of the feed section boss. The height difference between the two ends ranges from 0.02mm to 0.05mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the groove in the straight waveguide section fits closely with the protrusion in the feed section, and the depth of the groove in the straight waveguide section is slightly less than the height of the protrusion in the feed section.

[0011] Furthermore, the rear power supply cover has a local protrusion, and the protruding structure fits tightly with the power supply section cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the antenna connector is fixed with a double hole, and the fastener passes through the through hole of the rear feed cover and the antenna electrical connector to fix both of them on the feed section at the same time.

[0013] Furthermore, the antenna connector pins and the feed section port have two connection methods: if the feed structure size allows, the feed section port hole adopts a threaded design and is connected by a screw; if the feed structure size is small, the feed section port hole adopts an interference fit connection.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of this invention are:

[0015] (1) The waveguide antenna is divided into multiple easily processed independent units in the depth direction, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty and effectively ensures the design requirements of the antenna cavity. It is particularly suitable for the design and manufacturing of small-size, high-precision horn antennas in the waveguide Ka band.

[0016] (2) Each independent unit of the waveguide antenna has good manufacturing process and high processing accuracy. The overall assembly is simple and reliable, and the antenna's electrical performance can be easily guaranteed.

[0017] (3) All mating surfaces of the waveguide antenna units adopt a stop structure, which increases the signal passage path and reduces the impact of splicing gaps on the antenna's electrical performance. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of a waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna structure;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of a waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna structure;

[0020] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna structure.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna structure.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a straight waveguide section.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply section structure;

[0024] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the time-feed section;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rear feeder cover structure;

[0026] Wherein: 1-Straight waveguide section; 2-Feed section; 3-Rear feed cover; 4-Antenna electrical connector. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The embodiments of this application will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, a waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna includes a straight waveguide section 1, a feed section 2, a rear feed cover 3, and an antenna electrical connector 4. The straight waveguide section 1 has a ridgeless rectangular waveguide cavity inside, with a partial groove on its mating surface with the feed section 2. The feed section 2 has a feed structure inside, which is a multi-layered stepped structure with a partial protrusion on its mating surface with the straight waveguide section 1. The straight waveguide section 1 and the feed section 2 are combined by fasteners, and both have blind holes and positioning pin holes on their mating end faces. The groove of the straight waveguide section 1 fits tightly with the protrusion of the feed section 2. The rear feed cover 3 has a partial protrusion, and the protrusion fits tightly with the cavity of the feed section 2. The antenna electrical connector 4 is fixed with a double hole, and the fastener passes through the through holes of the rear feed cover 3 and the antenna electrical connector 4 to fix both to the feed section 2 simultaneously. The waveguide antenna of this invention is divided into multiple easily processed independent units in the depth direction, reducing manufacturing difficulty and effectively ensuring the design requirements of the antenna cavity. It is particularly suitable for the design and manufacturing of small-size, high-precision horn antennas in the Ka band of waveguides.

[0030] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the inside of the straight waveguide section 1 is a rectangular waveguide cavity without a ridge structure. The cavity is machined using slow wire cutting to ensure that the machining accuracy and surface finish of the cavity meet product requirements. The mating end face of the straight waveguide section 1 and the feed section 2 is locally designed with grooves, and the depth of the groove on the end face of the straight waveguide section 1 is slightly lower than the height of the boss of the feed section 2 by 0.02mm to 0.05mm, to ensure that there are no gaps between the end faces of the straight waveguide section 1 and the feed section 2, and to reduce the impact of the joint on the antenna's electrical performance.

[0031] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the main feeding structure of the waveguide antenna is designed on the feeding section 2. The feeding of the waveguide antenna adopts a multi-layer stepped structure. The periphery of the cavity of the feeding section 2 is formed by slow wire cutting. The feeding structure is close to the two end faces, and the feeding structure can be processed by tools with a diameter of φ1mm or less, which makes the manufacturing difficulty low and the processing accuracy high. The mating end face of the feeding section 2 and the straight waveguide section 1 has a local protrusion. The shape of the boss corresponds to the shape of the groove of the straight waveguide section 1, and the two shapes adopt a clearance fit.

[0032] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the straight waveguide section 1, feed section 2, rear feed cover 3, and antenna electrical connector 4 are assembled sequentially, with the installation method resembling tile stacking. The mating surfaces between the straight waveguide section 1 and the feed section 2, and between the feed section 2 and the rear feed cover 3, are all stop structures. This increases the signal path and reduces the impact of splicing gaps on the antenna's electrical performance. The straight waveguide section 1 and the feed section 2 are positioned using cylindrical pins, and the feed section 2 and the rear feed cover 3 are positioned using stop structures, resulting in high assembly precision.

[0033] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the antenna connector 4 is fixed with two holes. The fastener passes through the through holes of the rear feed cover 3 and the antenna connector 4 to fix both of them to the feed section 2 at the same time, making full use of the mounting holes in the structure and resulting in a simple overall appearance. The pins of the antenna connector 4 and the port of the feed section 2 have two connection methods: a) If the feed structure size allows, the port hole of the feed section 2 adopts a threaded design and is connected by a screw; b) If the feed structure size is small and the port hole of the feed section 2 cannot adopt a threaded design, then an interference fit connection with the shaft hole is adopted.

[0034] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] This application proposes a waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna structure. The structure is divided in the depth direction, which can effectively ensure the design requirements of the antenna cavity. The overall manufacturing difficulty is low and the processability is good.

[0036] The embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna, characterized in that, The antenna, from one end to the other, includes a straight waveguide section (1), a feed section (2), a rear feed cover (3), and an antenna electrical connector (4); The straight waveguide section (1), feed section (2), rear feed cover (3), and antenna electrical connector (4) are installed in the form of tile stacking; the mating surfaces between the straight waveguide section (1) and the feed section (2), and between the feed section (2) and the rear feed cover (3) are all stop structures; the straight waveguide section (1) and the feed section (2) are positioned by cylindrical pins; The internal design of the feed section (2) is a feed structure with multiple steps. The cavity periphery is formed by slow wire cutting and the mating surface with the straight waveguide section (1) is locally protruding. The straight waveguide section (1) and the feed section (2) are combined by fasteners. Both of them are designed with blind hole positioning pin holes on their mating end faces. The groove depth of the straight waveguide section (1) end face is lower than the height of the boss of the feed section (2). The height difference between the two ends ranges from 0.02mm to 0.05mm.

2. The waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straight waveguide section (1) has a rectangular waveguide cavity without a ridge structure inside. The cavity is manufactured by slow wire cutting and the mating surface with the feed section (2) is locally slotted.

3. A waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The groove of the straight waveguide section (1) fits closely with the protrusion of the feed section (2), and the groove depth of the straight waveguide section (1) is slightly less than the protrusion height of the feed section (2).

4. A waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear power supply cover (3) has a local protrusion, and the protrusion structure fits tightly with the cavity of the power supply section (2).

5. A waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna connector (4) is fixed with a double hole. The fastener passes through the through hole of the rear feed cover (3) and the antenna connector (4) to fix both of them on the feed section (2).

6. A waveguide-type Ka-band horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two ways to connect the pins of the antenna connector (4) to the port of the feed section (2): if the feed structure size allows, the port hole of the feed section (2) adopts a threaded design and is connected by a screw; if the feed structure size is small, the port hole of the feed section (2) adopts an interference fit connection.

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