Dual-band mixed sparsely-arranged phased-array antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-band mixed sparsely-arranged phased-array antenna, and belongs to the technical field of satellite communication phased-array antennas. The phased-array antenna comprises three sparse array planes in double frequency bands, one array plane works in one frequency band, and the other two array planes work in the other frequency band. And the dual-band antenna sub-arrays are placed in an interleaved manner and are arranged in a mixed manner in an array arrangement area. Compared with a dual-band dense arrangement array, the total number of array elements of a dual-band array plane and the total arrangement area are not increased, and the physical size of the antenna array plane of each band is increased by multiplexing the arrangement area, so that the antenna has the characteristics of narrow beam and low side lobe. When the dual-band mixed sparsely-arranged phased-array antenna is used for satellite communication, the problem of adjacent satellite interference of a satellite communication uplink can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a dual-band hybrid sparsely arranged phased array antenna, belonging to the technical field of satellite communication phased array antennas. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are many Ku- and Ka-band synchronous satellites in the synchronous orbit, which have the advantages of large communication capacity and many available transponders. Therefore, the Ku- and Ka-bands are the main application frequency bands for mobile satellite communications. Due to the increasing number of satellites in orbit, the resources in the synchronous orbit have become seriously insufficient. At present, the difference in the position angle between two geostationary satellites is only 2.5°, which makes their effective beam illumination range overlap with each other, so the electromagnetic signals they transmit or receive will affect each other. This interference is related to the downlink signal power density of the interfering satellite and the uplink signal power density of the earth station antenna.

[0003] In order to avoid interference from neighboring satellites caused by earth station antennas, it is necessary to reduce the uplink signal power density of the earth station antenna. Usually, the methods of narrowing the antenna beam width and reducing the antenna sidelobe level are adopted. The above practices will cause the phased array antenna to increase in size. For traditional densely arranged phased array antennas, the number of active channels will increase accordingly, which will greatly increase the antenna development cost, thus seriously hindering the promotion and use of phased array antennas in satellite communication applications. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a dual-band hybrid sparsely arranged phased array antenna, which effectively solves the problem of interference from neighboring satellites and has broad engineering application prospects.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A dual-band hybrid sparsely arranged phased array antenna, comprising three sparse array planes, namely, an a-array plane, a b1-array plane and a b2-array plane; wherein the a-array plane works in the A-band, and the b1-array plane and the b2-array plane work in the B-band;

[0007] The antenna sub-arrays of the three sparse array surfaces are placed in gaps between each other and mixedly arranged in the same plane array area.

[0008] Furthermore, the a-array adopts a sub-array-level sparse array in the array area, the b1-array and b2-array have the same number of sub-arrays, which are respectively located in the corresponding half of the array area, and the empty positions after the a-array is sparsely arranged adopt a sub-array-level sparse array.

[0009] Furthermore, the a-array contains 44 sub-arrays, and the b1-array and b2-array each contain 54 sub-arrays.

[0010] Furthermore, the a-band subarray is arranged in a rectangular array with a number of 4×6 array elements, and the B-band subarray is arranged in a rectangular array with a number of 4×4 array elements. The spacing between antenna units in the two frequency bands is in a multiple relationship.

[0011] Furthermore, the three sparse array surfaces constitute a hybrid sparse array; further comprising a liquid cooling plate, a radio frequency channel, an integrated network, a subarray power supply and an integrated control board; the hybrid sparse array, the radio frequency channel, the upper liquid cooling plate, the integrated network and the subarray power supply, the lower liquid cooling plate and the integrated control board are stacked in sequence from top to bottom.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The present invention adopts a dual-band antenna unit interleaved hybrid sparse array mode to achieve array space multiplexing. Under the condition that the total number of active channels remains unchanged, the physical size of the antenna array surface of each frequency band is increased, the beam width is narrowed, and the antenna sidelobe level is reduced by optimizing the array. The present invention uses a dual-band hybrid sparse array without increasing the total number of array elements and the total array area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the array arrangement of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the antenna layering of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 It is the normalized beam pattern of the A-band array of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is the normalized beam pattern of the B-band array 1 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 It is the normalized beam pattern of the B-band array 2 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the dense array arrangement of the same number of array elements in the A frequency band.

[0020] Figure 7 It is the normalized beam pattern of the dense array in the A band.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the dense array arrangement of the same number of array elements in the B frequency band.

[0022] Fig. 9 It is the normalized beam pattern of the dense array in the B band. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a dual-band hybrid sparsely arranged phased array antenna includes a total of 3 sparse array surfaces in the dual-band, one of which works in the A band, and the other two work in the B band. The dual-band antenna subarrays are interspersed and placed according to a certain rule, mixed and arranged, and arranged together in a certain plane area. The A-band array surface adopts a subarray-level sparse array in the entire array area, including a total of 44 subarrays; the number of subarrays on the two B-band array surfaces is equal, both 54 subarrays, each occupying half of the array area, and the vacant space after the A-band array surface is sparse adopts a subarray-level sparse array. The A-band subarray adopts a rectangular array arrangement, and the number of array elements in the subarray is 4×6. The B-band subarray adopts a rectangular array arrangement, and the number of array elements in the subarray is 4×4. The array spacing of the A-band antenna unit is twice the array spacing of the B-band antenna unit.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a dual-band hybrid sparsely arranged phased array antenna is composed of hybrid sparse array, liquid cooling plate, RF channel, integrated network, sub-array power supply, integrated control and other modules. Each module adopts vertical layering and vertical interconnection integration, with compact structure and high integration. Among them, the A-band RF channel adopts dual channels to connect one antenna unit to achieve co-array dual beams; the B-band RF channel adopts single channel to connect one antenna unit to achieve single array single beam, totaling two beams.

[0026] The maximum allowable array spacing is determined according to the following formula:

[0027] d<λ max / (1+sin(θ max ))

[0028] where λ max is the maximum wavelength of electromagnetic waves in the working frequency band, θ max is the maximum scanning angle of the phased array antenna. The array spacing of the two frequency bands is comprehensively considered. On the premise of satisfying the above formula, the array spacing of the antenna unit in the A frequency band is designed to be twice the array spacing of the antenna unit in the B frequency band.

[0029] After the array spacing is determined, the lowest antenna sidelobe level is taken as the optimization goal, and the dual-band array sparse matrix is ​​used as the optimization parameter. After optimization by the intelligent algorithm, the array arrangement is determined. The antenna has the characteristics of narrow beam and low sidelobe. At the same time, combined with the dual-band dual-beam design of the phased array antenna, it is very suitable for multi-satellite and multi-service scenarios in satellite communications.

[0030] According to the maximum scanning angle θ of the phased array antenna max According to the requirement of ≥45°, the spacing between antenna units in the A-band is determined to be 11.2mm×11.2mm, and the spacing between antenna units in the B-band is determined to be 5.6mm×5.6mm, which are in a multiple relationship.

[0031] The array area is controlled within a range of about 600mm in length and 450mm in width. Based on comprehensive considerations of the array area, system EIRP, and antenna single-channel output power, it is determined that the A-band array contains 44 sub-arrays, and the array elements within the sub-arrays are arranged in a 4×6 rectangular array; the number of array elements in the two B-band arrays is 54 sub-arrays, and the array elements within the sub-arrays are arranged in a 4×4 rectangular array.

[0032] The A-band array adopts sub-array-level sparse layout in the entire array area, with a sparse rate of 0.489; the two B-band array surfaces each occupy half of the array area, and the vacant positions after the A-band array surface is sparsely arranged using sub-array-level sparse layout, with a sparse rate of 0.391.

[0033] After iterative optimization, the A-band array sparse matrix is ​​determined as shown in the following table.

[0034]

[0035] In the above table, sub-arrays are used as array units, and a full array has 10 rows and 9 columns. 1 represents sub-array arrangement, and 0 represents no sub-array arrangement.

[0036] The sparse matrix of the B-band array is shown in the following table. The sub-array is used as the array unit. The full array has 20 rows and 27 columns. 1 represents a sub-array arrangement, and 0 represents no sub-array arrangement. The gray-background table is the sparse matrix of the B-band array 1, and the rest are the sparse matrices of the B-band array 2.

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Substitute the sparse matrix into the following formula for total field synthesis:

[0040]

[0041] in,

[0042]

[0043] w(n,m) is a sparse matrix, is the beam pointing angle.

[0044] The normalized directional pattern of the sparse array in two frequency bands can be obtained, such as Figure 3 to Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the half-power beamwidth of the A-band array is ≤2.5°, and the sidelobe level is ≤-18.5dB; the half-power beamwidth of the B-band array 1 is ≤2.1°, and the sidelobe level is ≤-13.8dB; the half-power beamwidth of the B-band array 2 is ≤1.9°, and the sidelobe level is ≤-14.4dB. Figure 6 to Figure 9, the half-power beamwidth of the array in the A band is ≤4.8°, and the sidelobe level is ≤-13.2dB; the half-power beamwidth of the array in the B band is ≤5.6°, and the sidelobe level is ≤-13.1dB.

[0045] It can be seen from the above examples that the implementation process of the present invention is clear. Compared with the dual-band densely arranged array, the total number of array elements and the total array area are not increased. The dual-band hybrid sparsely arranged phased array antenna has obvious narrow beam and low sidelobe characteristics, which effectively solves the problem of interference from neighboring satellites and is particularly suitable for application in the field of satellite communications.

[0046] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or parameter transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-band hybrid sparsely arranged phased array antenna, characterized in that: It includes three sparse arrays, namely, array a, array b1 and array b2; array a works in the A frequency band, and array b1 and array b2 work in the B frequency band; The antenna sub-arrays of the three sparse array surfaces are placed in gaps between each other and mixedly arranged in the same plane array area.

2. The dual-band hybrid sparsely arranged phased array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The a-array adopts sub-array-level sparse array in the array area. The number of sub-arrays on the b1-array and b2-array surfaces is equal and they are located in the corresponding half of the array area respectively. The empty positions after the a-array is sparsely arranged adopt sub-array-level sparse array.

3. The dual-band hybrid sparsely arranged phased array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that , the a array contains 44 sub-arrays, and the b1 array and b2 array both contain 54 sub-arrays.

4. The dual-band hybrid sparsely arranged phased array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that The a-band subarray is arranged in a rectangular array with 4×6 array elements. The B-band subarray is arranged in a rectangular array with 4×4 array elements. The spacing between antenna units in the two frequency bands is in a multiple relationship.

5. The dual-band hybrid sparsely arranged phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three sparse array surfaces constitute a hybrid sparse array; further comprising a liquid cooling plate, a radio frequency channel, an integrated network, a subarray power supply and an integrated control board; the hybrid sparse array, the radio frequency channel, an upper liquid cooling plate, an integrated network and a subarray power supply, a lower liquid cooling plate and an integrated control board are stacked in sequence from top to bottom.

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