Elastic enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an elasticity-enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy harvesting device and method, and belongs to the technical field of energy harvesting. Comprising a shell, sleeve mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the upper portion in the shell, a permanent magnet is installed between the two sleeve mechanisms, a U-shaped soft magnetic core installed on a clamping sleeve is arranged below the permanent magnet, the U-shaped soft magnetic core is sleeved with a coil, and an elastic connecting piece connected with the bottom of the inner surface of the shell is arranged in the center of the bottom of the clamping sleeve. A plurality of piezoelectric patches arranged at equal intervals are attached to the two sides of the outer surface of the elastic connecting piece, and the piezoelectric patches and the coil are connected with a power management module. According to the invention, the elastic device is added to enable the magnet and the magnetic core to perform more interactive motion, the power generation efficiency is improved, and the piezoelectric plate is added on the elastic device to make full use of the energy. An electromagnetic-piezoelectric type ocean energy capturing device is formed, and the energy collecting efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy collection technology, and in particular to an elastically enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device and method. Background Art

[0002] There is a large amount of wave energy in the ocean, which is huge and endless. In recent years, more and more researchers have paid attention to how to collect and utilize this energy. They have proposed ocean energy conversion devices to collect this energy and make self-powered detectors, sensors, etc. The collection and conversion efficiency of ocean energy is the key to technological application. At present, the energy conversion efficiency of many ocean energy harvesting technologies is still low, which limits their commercialization and large-scale application. Traditional wave energy harvesting technology is based on electromagnetic generators, which are limited by their expensive and bulky structure, easy corrosion, and insufficient energy conversion efficiency, especially at low frequencies. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an elastic enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device and method, which firstly increases the power generation efficiency by adding elastic devices to make the magnet and the magnetic core have more interactive movements, and then adds piezoelectric sheets on the elastic devices to make full use of this part of energy, thus forming an electromagnetic-piezoelectric ocean energy capture device and greatly improving the energy collection efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an elastically enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device, comprising a shell, sleeve mechanisms are arranged on both upper sides of the interior of the shell, a permanent magnet is installed between the two sleeve mechanisms, a U-shaped soft magnetic core installed on a jacket is arranged below the permanent magnet, a coil is sleeved on the U-shaped soft magnetic core, an elastic connector connected to the bottom of the inner surface of the shell is arranged at the center of the bottom of the jacket, a number of equidistantly arranged piezoelectric sheets are attached to both sides of the outer surface of the elastic connector, and the piezoelectric sheets and the coil are connected to a power management module.

[0005] Preferably, the power management module includes a battery and a rectifier, the battery is connected to the piezoelectric sheet and the coil respectively through lines, and the rectifier is installed on each line.

[0006] Preferably, springs are installed at the connections between the two sleeve mechanisms and the permanent magnets.

[0007] Preferably, the notched end face of the permanent magnet is opposite to the notched end face of the U-shaped soft magnetic core, and the magnetic gap between the permanent magnet and the U-shaped soft magnetic core is maintained between 2-3 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the permanent magnet is made of super strong magnet material.

[0009] Preferably, the U-shaped soft magnetic core is made of a material with high magnetic permeability.

[0010] An elastically enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture method comprises the following steps: S1. Electromagnetic induction power generation: When the permanent magnet is stimulated externally, it can move back and forth in the sleeve mechanism. The movement of the permanent magnet causes the number of magnetic field lines passing through the U-shaped soft magnetic core to change continuously, and the magnetic flux passing through the coil to change continuously. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, induced current and induced electromotive force will be generated in the coil; S2. Enhance the efficiency of electromagnetic power generation: During the movement, the permanent magnet attracts the U-shaped soft magnetic core to bend the elastic connector. When the bending reaches the limit (i.e. the elastic force is greater than the magnetic force and the Lorentz force), the U-shaped soft magnetic core will swing in the opposite direction. When the natural frequency of the elastic connector reaches a certain relationship with the movement frequency of the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet goes back and forth once, and the U-shaped soft magnetic core goes back and forth twice or more times. The frequency of relative movement between the U-shaped soft magnetic core and the permanent magnet increases, and the electromagnetic power generation efficiency increases accordingly. S3, piezoelectric power generation: the elastic connector will deform when it swings left and right, and the piezoelectric sheet attached to it will be subjected to the pressure generated by the deformation. According to the positive piezoelectric effect, the piezoelectric sheet will deform under the action of the force, causing the surface of the medium to be charged and generate voltage; S4. Energy storage: The alternating current generated by electromagnetic induction power generation and piezoelectric power generation is rectified into direct current through a rectifier and stored in a battery to achieve energy storage.

[0011] Therefore, the elasticity-enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device and method using the above structure has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention increases the rate of change of magnetic flux by adding elastic devices, so that the coil and the magnet have more relative movements, especially when the frequency of external excitation and the natural frequency of the spring device reach a certain resonance relationship, which can greatly increase the power generation. In addition, the increase in the frequency of relative movement between the magnetic core and the permanent magnet in the present invention further improves the efficiency of electromagnetic power generation. (2) The present invention adds a piezoelectric sheet to the elastic device. When the spring sheet swings, the piezoelectric sheet is subjected to pressure to generate voltage, forming an electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite power generation mode, making full use of energy and greatly improving energy collection efficiency.

[0012] (3) After the devices are arranged and combined in a certain manner, the present invention can collect low-frequency, multi-directional, and variable energy such as wave energy, adapting to the complex energy environment in nature and expanding the scope of energy collection.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an elastically enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device and method of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the swinging motion process of the magnetic core and the magnet of an elastically enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device and method of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic top view of a multi-directional elastically enhanced wave energy collector of an elastically enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device and method of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a front view schematic diagram of a multi-directional elastically enhanced wave energy collector of an elastically enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device and method of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an example of open-circuit voltage output of electromagnetic power generation and piezoelectric power generation of an elastically enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device and method of the present invention; Reference numerals 1. Permanent magnet, 2. Sleeve mechanism, 3. Spring, 4. U-shaped soft magnetic core, 5. Coil, 6. Piezoelectric sheet, 7. Elastic connector, 8. Housing, 9. External excitation, 10. Power management module, 11. Rectifier, 12. Battery, 13. Relative motion, 14. Deformation, 15. Jacket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0017] Example Since the traditional electromagnetic ocean energy capture device is bulky and has limited power generation, it is difficult to apply it in low-frequency and micro fields. However, piezoelectric power generation devices have high conversion efficiency, especially excellent performance in low-frequency vibration energy collection, strong environmental adaptability, and can collect electrical energy from vibration, pressure change and other energies that are widely present in the environment, which makes them have wide application potential in environmental energy collection. Therefore, the present invention proposes an elastically enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes a shell 8, sleeve mechanisms 2 are arranged on both sides of the upper part of the shell 8, a permanent magnet 1 is installed between the two sleeve mechanisms 2, a U-shaped soft magnetic core 4 installed on a jacket 15 is arranged below the permanent magnet 1, a coil 5 is sleeved on the U-shaped soft magnetic core 4, an elastic connector 7 connected to the bottom of the inner surface of the shell 8 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the jacket 15, and a plurality of piezoelectric sheets 6 arranged equidistantly are attached to both sides of the outer surface of the elastic connector 7, and the piezoelectric sheets 6 and the coil 5 are connected to the power management module 10. In the present invention, the permanent magnet 1 takes a U-shaped permanent magnet as an example, and the permanent magnet 1 can also be cylindrical, arched, etc.

[0018] The power management module 10 includes a battery 12 and a rectifier 11. The battery 12 is connected to the piezoelectric sheet 6 and the coil 5 through lines, respectively, and a rectifier 11 is installed on each line.

[0019] Springs 3 are installed at the connection points between the two sleeve mechanisms 2 and the permanent magnet 1 .

[0020] The notched end face of the permanent magnet 1 is opposite to the notched end face of the U-shaped soft magnetic core 4 , and the magnetic gap between the permanent magnet 1 and the U-shaped soft magnetic core 4 is maintained between 2-3 mm.

[0021] The permanent magnet 1 is made of super strong magnet material.

[0022] The U-shaped soft magnetic core 4 is made of a material with high magnetic permeability.

[0023] An elastically enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture method comprises the following steps: S1. Electromagnetic induction power generation: When the permanent magnet 1 is subjected to external excitation 9, it can move back and forth in the sleeve mechanism 2. The movement of the permanent magnet 1 causes the number of magnetic field lines passing through the U-shaped soft magnetic core 4 to change continuously, causing the magnetic flux passing through the coil 5 to change continuously. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, an induced current and an induced electromotive force will be generated on the coil 5; S2. Enhance electromagnetic power generation efficiency: the permanent magnet 1 attracts the U-shaped soft magnetic core 4 during movement to bend the elastic connector. When the bending reaches the limit (i.e. the elastic force is greater than the magnetic force and the Lorentz force), the U-shaped soft magnetic core 4 will swing in the opposite direction. When the natural frequency of the elastic connector 7 reaches a certain relationship with the movement frequency of the permanent magnet 1, the permanent magnet 1 moves back and forth once, and the U-shaped soft magnetic core 4 moves back and forth twice or more times, the frequency of the relative movement 13 between the U-shaped soft magnetic core 4 and the permanent magnet 1 increases, and the electromagnetic power generation efficiency increases accordingly; S3, piezoelectric power generation: the elastic connecting member 7 will deform 14 when swinging left and right, and the piezoelectric sheet 6 attached thereto will be subjected to the pressure generated by the deformation. According to the positive piezoelectric effect, the piezoelectric sheet 6 will deform under the action of the force, causing the surface of the medium to be charged and generate voltage; S4, energy storage: The alternating current generated by the electromagnetic induction power generation and the piezoelectric power generation is rectified into direct current by the rectifier 11, and the direct current is stored in the battery 12 to achieve energy storage.

[0024] The present invention increases the rate of change of magnetic flux by adding an elastic connector 7, so that the coil 5 and the permanent magnet 1 undergo more relative movements. In particular, when the frequency of the external excitation 9 and the natural frequency of the elastic connector 7 reach a certain resonance relationship, the power generation can be greatly improved. When the elastic connector 7 swings, a certain pressure is applied to the piezoelectric sheet 6 disposed on the elastic connector 7, thereby generating a voltage. Specific experiments have confirmed that the present invention can generate a higher amount of electricity. Figure 5 As shown, under simple harmonic excitation of 10 Hz and 2-3 mm amplitude, the electromagnetic power generation part and the piezoelectric power generation part of the present invention can generate open circuit peak values ​​of 2.45 V and 1.09 V respectively. By arranging and combining the present device in a certain manner, low-frequency, multi-directional, and variable energy like wave energy can be collected.

[0025] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the single energy collectors are combined, one in the middle is placed upright, and the others are placed horizontally, one in front, one in the back, one in the left and one in the right, to form a multi-directional elastic enhanced wave energy collector. Considering the randomness of the size, frequency and direction of the waves in the ocean, the device can collect energy that causes the movement of the permanent magnet in all directions. No matter which direction the energy comes from, it can cause the movement of the permanent magnet, thereby collecting, storing and utilizing this part of the energy. The arrangement and combination of the multi-directional elastic enhanced wave energy collector can have changes in quantity and position.

[0026] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above elastic enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device and method, firstly, by adding elastic devices to make the magnet and the magnetic core have more interactive movements, thus improving the power generation efficiency, and then adding piezoelectric sheets on the elastic devices to make full use of this part of energy, thus forming an electromagnetic-piezoelectric ocean energy capture device, which greatly improves the energy collection efficiency.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elastically enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device, characterized in that: It comprises an outer shell, wherein sleeve mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the upper part of the inner part of the outer shell, a permanent magnet is installed between the two sleeve mechanisms, a U-shaped soft magnetic core installed on a jacket is arranged below the permanent magnet, a coil is sleeved on the U-shaped soft magnetic core, an elastic connector connected to the bottom of the inner surface of the outer shell is arranged at the center of the bottom of the jacket, a plurality of piezoelectric sheets arranged equidistantly are attached to both sides of the outer surface of the elastic connector, and the piezoelectric sheets and the coil are connected to a power management module.

2. The elasticity-enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module includes a battery and a rectifier. The battery is connected to the piezoelectric sheet and the coil respectively through lines, and the rectifier is installed on each line.

3. The elasticity-enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Springs are installed at the connection points between the two sleeve mechanisms and the permanent magnets.

4. The elasticity-enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The notched end face of the permanent magnet is opposite to the notched end face of the U-shaped soft magnetic core, and the magnetic gap between the permanent magnet and the U-shaped soft magnetic core is maintained between 2-3 mm.

5. The elasticity-enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet is made of super strong magnet material.

6. The elasticity-enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped soft magnetic core is made of high magnetic permeability material.

7. An elasticity-enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture method, applied to an elasticity-enhanced electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite energy capture device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Electromagnetic induction power generation: When the permanent magnet is stimulated externally, it can move back and forth in the sleeve mechanism. The movement of the permanent magnet causes the number of magnetic field lines passing through the U-shaped soft magnetic core to change continuously, and the magnetic flux passing through the coil to change continuously. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, induced current and induced electromotive force will be generated in the coil; S2. Enhance electromagnetic power generation efficiency: During the movement, the permanent magnet attracts the U-shaped soft magnetic core to bend the elastic connector. When the bending reaches the limit, the U-shaped soft magnetic core will swing in the opposite direction. When the natural frequency of the elastic connector reaches a certain relationship with the movement frequency of the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet goes back and forth once, and the U-shaped soft magnetic core goes back and forth twice or more times. The frequency of relative movement between the U-shaped soft magnetic core and the permanent magnet increases, and the electromagnetic power generation efficiency increases accordingly. S3, piezoelectric power generation: the elastic connector will deform when it swings left and right, and the piezoelectric sheet attached to it will be subjected to the pressure generated by the deformation. According to the positive piezoelectric effect, the piezoelectric sheet will deform under the action of the force, causing the surface of the medium to be charged and generate voltage; S4. Energy storage: The alternating current generated by electromagnetic induction power generation and piezoelectric power generation is rectified into direct current through a rectifier and stored in a battery to achieve energy storage.

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