Communication method and device, receiving end, transmitting end and relay node

Abstract

The invention provides a communication method and device, a receiving end, a sending end and a relay node, and relates to the technical field of communication. The method is applied to a receiving end, and comprises the following steps: receiving a first request to send frame RTS sent by a sending end, the first RTS carrying position information of the sending end; according to the position information of the sending end, the position information of the receiving end, the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value, determining whether a communicable direct view path in the terahertz frequency band exists between the sending end and the receiving end; the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the first RTS; and when it is determined that a communicable direct-view path in the terahertz frequency band exists between the transmitting end and the receiving end, the antenna array is aligned with the transmitting end, and a first clear transmission frame CTS is broadcasted, and the first CTS carries the position information of the transmitting end and the position information of the receiving end. According to the scheme, the accuracy of visual judgment can be improved, and the problem that judgment errors are likely to be caused is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, device, receiving end, transmitting end and relay node. Background Art

[0002] As the main frequency band used in 6G communication, terahertz can provide wireless transmission rates of tens of Gbps or more, so wireless communication related to terahertz has become a research hotspot in recent years. Compared with other low-frequency wireless bands, terahertz waves encounter stronger molecular absorption losses and free space path losses during transmission in the air, resulting in a relatively short communication distance when using terahertz waves to transmit data. There are few existing methods for determining line of sight (LOS) / non line of sight (NLOS) in dual-channel MAC protocols of terahertz communication networks.

[0003] At present, the relationship between the received signal strength RSS and the propagation distance can be used to determine whether there is LOS. If there is no LOS, the relay node can be searched. However, due to the existence of multipath transmission, the received signal strength and the propagation distance are not strictly proportional, which makes the accuracy of the solution based on the received signal strength to determine whether there is LOS low and prone to misjudgment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a communication method, device, receiving end, transmitting end and relay node, which solves the problem that the existing visual judgment scheme has low accuracy and is prone to misjudgment.

[0005] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method, which is applied to a receiving end and includes:

[0006] Receiving a first request to send (RTS) frame sent by a sender, where the first RTS carries location information of the sender;

[0007] Determine whether there is a communicable direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the receiving end, the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the first RTS;

[0008] When it is determined that there is a direct line of sight for communication between the transmitter and the receiver in the terahertz frequency band, the antenna array is aimed at the transmitter and a first clear to send (CTS) frame is broadcast. The first CTS carries the location information of the transmitter and the location information of the receiver.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, determining whether there is a communicative direct line-of-sight path between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the receiving end, the first elevation angle estimation value, and the first azimuth angle estimation value includes:

[0010] Determine a first elevation angle calculation value, a first azimuth angle calculation value, and a first distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the position information of the transmitting end and the position information of the receiving end;

[0011] When the first distance is less than or equal to a first threshold, the deviation between the first elevation angle estimation value and the first elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to a second threshold, and the deviation between the first azimuth angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to a third threshold, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the above communication method further includes:

[0013] When it is determined that there is no line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, a relay request frame is broadcast, where the relay request frame carries the location information of the transmitting end, the location information of the receiving end, and first information, where the first information is used to indicate whether there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, when the first information indicates that there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS, the broadcast relay request frame further includes: location information of the IRS.

[0015] In some optional embodiments, the above communication method further includes:

[0016] receiving a second RTS sent by a Reconfigurable Intelligence Surface (IRS), where the second RTS is formed by the IRS reflecting the first RTS;

[0017] According to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the receiving end, the second elevation angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle estimation value, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band; wherein the second elevation angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle estimation value are determined based on the second RTS.

[0018] In some optional embodiments, determining whether there is a communicative direct line-of-sight path between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the receiving end, the second elevation angle estimation value, and the second azimuth angle estimation value includes:

[0019] Determine, according to the location information of the IRS and the location information of the receiving end, a second elevation angle calculation value, a second azimuth angle calculation value, and a second distance between the IRS and the receiving end;

[0020] When the second distance is less than or equal to a first threshold, the deviation between the second elevation angle estimation value and the second elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to a second threshold, and the deviation between the second azimuth angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to a third threshold, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0021] In some optional embodiments, after broadcasting the relay request, the method further includes:

[0022] Receive a second CTS sent by the transmitting end; wherein the second CTS is sent when it is determined that there is a communicable direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, and the second CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end;

[0023] Based on the second CTS, the antenna array is aligned toward the IRS.

[0024] In some optional embodiments, after broadcasting the relay request, the method further includes:

[0025] receiving a third CTS sent by the transmitting end, wherein the third CTS is sent by the transmitting end after receiving a relay request confirmation frame RRA sent by a relay node, and the third CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end;

[0026] According to the third CTS, the antenna array is directed toward the relay node.

[0027] In some optional embodiments, before determining, according to the second RTS, whether there is a communicable line-of-sight path between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, the method further includes:

[0028] Acquire a first IRS information table, where the first IRS information table includes: a plurality of IRSs capable of communicating with the receiving end, and position information, elevation angle ranges, and azimuth angle ranges respectively corresponding to the plurality of IRSs;

[0029] determining, according to the first IRS information table, whether the second RTS is a signal sent by any IRS of the multiple IRSs;

[0030] If the second RTS is a signal sent by any IRS among the multiple IRSs, it is determined whether there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the second RTS.

[0031] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method, which is applied to a sending end and includes:

[0032] Broadcasting a first RTS in a gigahertz frequency band, wherein the first RTS carries location information of the sender;

[0033] When a first CTS sent by a receiving end is received, the antenna array is aimed at the receiving end; wherein the first CTS is sent by the receiving end when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, when there is no direct line-of-sight path for communication in the terahertz frequency band between the transmitting end and the receiving end, the method further includes:

[0035] receiving a relay request frame sent by an IRS, where the relay request frame is formed by the IRS reflecting the relay request frame sent by the receiving end, and the relay request frame carries location information of the sending end, location information of the receiving end, and first information, where the first information is used to indicate whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the receiving end and the IRS;

[0036] When the first information indicates that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS, if it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, the antenna array is aimed at the IRS and a second CTS is broadcast, wherein the second CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0037] In some optional embodiments, the above communication method further includes:

[0038] According to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the transmitter, the third elevation angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle estimation value, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band; wherein the third elevation angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle estimation value are determined based on the relay request frame.

[0039] In some optional embodiments, determining whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the transmitting end, the third elevation angle estimation value, and the third azimuth angle estimation value includes:

[0040] Determine, according to the location information of the IRS and the location information of the transmitting end, a third elevation angle calculation value, a third azimuth angle calculation value, and a third distance between the IRS and the transmitting end;

[0041] When the third distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the third elevation angle estimation value and the third elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the third azimuth angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, the above communication method further includes:

[0043] receiving a relay request acknowledgment frame (RRA) sent by a relay node, wherein the RRA carries the location information of the sender, the location information of the receiver, and the location information of the relay node;

[0044] According to the RRA, the antenna array is aimed at the relay node, and a third CTS is broadcasted, wherein the third CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0045] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method, which is applied to a relay node. The method includes:

[0046] Receive a first RTS sent by a sender, where the first RTS carries location information of the sender;

[0047] Determine whether there is a communicable line-of-sight path between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the relay node, a fourth elevation angle estimation value, and a fourth azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the fourth elevation angle estimation value and the fourth azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the first RTS;

[0048] When it is determined whether there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the relay node and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band, the location information of the transmitter is stored.

[0049] In some optional embodiments, determining whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the relay node, the fourth elevation angle estimation value, and the fourth azimuth angle estimation value includes:

[0050] Determine, according to the location information of the relay node and the location information of the transmitting end, a fourth elevation angle calculation value, a fourth azimuth angle calculation value, and a fourth distance between the relay node and the transmitting end;

[0051] When the fourth distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the fourth elevation angle estimation value and the fourth elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the fourth azimuth angle estimation value and the fourth azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0052] In some optional embodiments, a relay request frame sent by a receiving end is received, wherein the relay request frame carries location information of the sending end, location information of the receiving end, and first information, wherein the first information is used to indicate whether there is a communicable line-of-sight path between the receiving end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band;

[0053] When it is determined that the location information of the sender carried in the relay request frame is the same as the location information of the sender carried in the first RTS, if it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, starting a first timer;

[0054] Before the first timer ends, if the second CTS or the fourth CTS sent by the transmitter is not received, an RRA is broadcast, and the RRA carries the location information of the transmitter, the location information of the receiving end and the location information of the relay node; wherein the second CTS is sent when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, and the fourth CTS is sent by the transmitter after receiving the RRA sent by other relay nodes.

[0055] In some optional embodiments, the above communication method further includes:

[0056] Determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band based on the position information of the receiving end, the position information of the relay node, a fifth elevation angle estimate and a fifth azimuth angle estimate; wherein the fifth elevation angle estimate and the fifth azimuth angle estimate are determined based on a relay request frame.

[0057] In some optional embodiments, determining whether there is a communicative direct line-of-sight path between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the receiving end, the position information of the relay node, the fifth elevation angle estimation value, and the fifth azimuth angle estimation value includes:

[0058] Determine, according to the location information of the receiving end and the location information of the relay node, a fifth elevation angle calculation value, a fifth azimuth angle calculation value, and a fifth distance between the receiving end and the relay node;

[0059] When the fifth distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the fifth elevation angle estimation value and the fifth elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the fifth azimuth angle estimation value and the fifth azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0060] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device, applied to a receiving end, comprising:

[0061] A first receiving module, configured to receive a first request to send frame RTS sent by a sending end, wherein the first RTS carries location information of the sending end;

[0062] A first determination module is used to determine whether there is a communicable direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the receiving end, a first elevation angle estimation value, and a first azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to a first RTS;

[0063] The first processing module is used to align the antenna array with the transmitting end and broadcast a first clear-to-send frame CTS when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line-of-sight path between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, wherein the first CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0064] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device, applied to a transmitting end, comprising:

[0065] A second sending module, configured to broadcast a first RTS in a gigahertz frequency band, wherein the first RTS carries the location information of the sending end;

[0066] The second processing module is used to align the antenna array with the receiving end when a first CTS sent by the receiving end is received; wherein the first CTS is sent by the receiving end when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0067] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device, applied to a relay node, including:

[0068] A seventh receiving module, configured to receive a first RTS sent by a sending end, wherein the first RTS carries location information of the sending end;

[0069] a sixth determination module, configured to determine whether there is a communicable line-of-sight path between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the relay node, a fourth elevation angle estimation value, and a fourth azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the fourth elevation angle estimation value and the fourth azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the first RTS;

[0070] The storage module is used to store the location information of the transmitting end when it is determined whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0071] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a receiving end, including: a transceiver and a processor;

[0072] The transceiver is used to receive a first request to send frame RTS sent by a sending end, where the first RTS carries the location information of the sending end;

[0073] The processor is used to determine whether there is a communicable direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the receiving end, the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the first RTS;

[0074] When it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, aligning the antenna array with the transmitting end;

[0075] The transceiver is further used to broadcast a first clear to send frame CTS, wherein the first CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0076] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transmitting end, including: a transceiver and a processor;

[0077] The transceiver is used to broadcast a first RTS in a gigahertz frequency band, wherein the first RTS carries the location information of the transmitting end;

[0078] The processor is used to align the antenna array with the receiving end when receiving a first CTS sent by the receiving end; wherein the first CTS is sent by the receiving end when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0079] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a relay node, including: a transceiver and a processor;

[0080] The transceiver is used to receive a first RTS sent by a sending end, where the first RTS carries the location information of the sending end;

[0081] The processor is used to determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitter, the position information of the relay node, a fourth elevation angle estimation value and a fourth azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the fourth elevation angle estimation value and the fourth azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the first RTS; and when it is determined whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band, the position information of the transmitter is stored.

[0082] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a receiving end, including: a transceiver, a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor; when the processor executes the program or instruction, the steps of the communication method applied to the receiving end as above are implemented.

[0083] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transmitting end, comprising: a transceiver, a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor; when the processor executes the program or instruction, the steps of the communication method applied to the transmitting end as above are implemented.

[0084] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a relay node, including: a transceiver, a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor; when the processor executes the program or instruction, the steps of the communication method applied to the relay node as above are implemented.

[0085] To achieve the above objective, an embodiment of the present invention provides a readable storage medium on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps in the communication method described above are implemented.

[0086] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0087] The method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps: the receiving end receives a first request to send frame RTS sent by the transmitting end, the first RTS carries the location information of the transmitting end; according to the location information of the transmitting end, the location information of the receiving end, the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value, determines whether there is a communicative line-of-sight path in the terahertz frequency band between the transmitting end and the receiving end; the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the first RTS; when it is determined that there is a communicative line-of-sight path in the terahertz frequency band between the transmitting end and the receiving end, aligns the antenna array with the transmitting end, and broadcasts a first clear to send frame CTS, the first CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end. In this way, the scheme does not need to judge whether there is a communicative line-of-sight path in the terahertz frequency band between the receiving end and the transmitting end based on the received signal strength, can avoid the problem of misjudgment caused by signal diffraction, sudden and significant reduction of power due to weather, enhanced reflection, etc., and improves the accuracy of visual judgment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0088] Figure 1 One of the flow charts of the communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the terahertz node structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a frame structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 4 This is one of the LOS schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 5 This is the second LOS schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 6 This is the third LOS schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 7 This is the fourth LOS schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 8 This is a second flowchart of the communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0096] Fig. 9 This is a third flowchart of the communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0097] Fig.10 This is a fourth flowchart of the communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0098] Fig.11 One of the schematic diagrams of the throughput changing with the LOS blocking probability according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0099] Fig.12 One of the schematic diagrams of the variation of delay with LOS blocking probability in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0100] Fig.13 The second schematic diagram of the throughput changing with the LOS blocking probability according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0101] Fig.14 This is a second schematic diagram of the variation of delay with LOS blocking probability according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0102] Fig.15 One of the structural block diagrams of the communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0103] Fig.16 This is a second structural block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0104] Fig.17 The third structural block diagram of the communication device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0105] Fig.18 is a structural diagram of a receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0106] Fig.19 is a structural diagram of a transmitting end according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0107] Fig. 20 is a structural diagram of a relay node according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0108] Fig.21 is a structural diagram of a receiving end according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0109] Fig. 22 is a structural diagram of a transmitting end according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0110] Fig.23 A structural diagram of a relay node according to another embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0111] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0112] It should be understood that the references to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics associated with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the references to "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0113] In various embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the following processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0114] Additionally, the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably herein.

[0115] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A. However, it should also be understood that determining B according to A does not mean determining B only according to A, and B can also be determined according to A and / or other information.

[0116] See also Figure 1 A communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a receiving end, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0117] Step 101: Receive a first request to send frame RTS sent by a sender, where the first RTS carries location information of the sender.

[0118] See also Figure 2 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the receiving end. The receiving end, as a terahertz node, includes: a THz antenna array for beamforming and an omnidirectional antenna array working in the 2.4GHz frequency band, a positioning module, a storage module, an angle estimation module and a controller. Among them, the positioning module can identify its own position by equipping it with a GPS module or manually configuring it.

[0119] For example, Figure 3 In the first RTS, the frame structure includes: a MAC frame header (MAC Header), a frame body (FrameBody) and a frame check sequence (Frame Check Sequence, FCS); wherein the location information of the sender (x t ,y t , z t ) is carried in the frame body, and the location information of the sender occupies 6 bytes; the frame header includes: a 2-byte frame control field (Frame Control), a 2-byte duration field (Duration), a 6-byte receiver address field (ReceiverAddress), a 6-byte transmitter address field (Transmitter Address), and a sequence control field (SequenceControl).

[0120] Step 102: Determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitter and the receiver in the terahertz frequency band based on the position information of the transmitter, the position information of the receiver, a first elevation angle estimate, and a first azimuth angle estimate; wherein the first elevation angle estimate and the first azimuth angle estimate are determined based on a first RTS.

[0121] In a specific implementation, after receiving the first RTS, the receiving end obtains the location information of the sending end carried in the first RTS, and parses the first RTS based on the MUSIC algorithm proposed by R. Schmidt to obtain a first elevation angle estimation value and a first azimuth angle estimation value; and, based on the positioning module, obtains the location information of the receiving end, and further determines whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the sending end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the location information of the sending end, the location information of the receiving end, the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value.

[0122] Optionally, the positions of the transmitting ends and the elevation angle estimation values ​​and azimuth angle estimation values ​​corresponding to the direct line of sight and the reflected line of sight are stored to facilitate the comparison of the elevation angle calculation value and the azimuth angle calculation value. The range is shown in Table 1 below:

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] Table 1

[0126] Where δ is the error factor, (α1, α1+δ) and (α2, α2+δ) are the ranges of the elevation angle estimates. and is the range of the azimuth estimate.

[0127] Step 103: When it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitter and the receiver in the terahertz frequency band, align the antenna array with the transmitter and broadcast a first clear-to-send frame CTS, which carries the location information of the transmitter and the location information of the receiver.

[0128] Among them, the CTS signal indicates that there is a communicable line of sight in the terahertz frequency band and the terahertz channel has been established. After receiving the CTS signal, the relevant node releases the temporarily stored signal if there is one.

[0129] In specific implementation, the receiving end adjusts the terahertz antenna array according to the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value, so that the terahertz antenna array is aligned with the transmitting end, establishes a terahertz channel between the transmitting end and the receiving end, and transmits data frames based on the terahertz channel.

[0130] For example, Figure 3 In the first CTS, the frame structure includes: MAC frame header (MAC Header), frame body (FrameBody) and frame check sequence (Frame Check Sequence, FCS); wherein the location information of the sender (x t ,y t , z t ) and the receiving end position (x r ,y r , z r ) is carried in the frame body, the location information of the sender and the location information of the receiver each occupy 6 bytes; the frame header includes: a 2-byte frame control field (Frame Control), a 2-byte duration field (Duration), a 6-byte receiver address field (Receiver Address), a 6-byte transmitter address field (Transmitter Address), and a sequence control field (Sequence Control).

[0131] For example, Figure 4 In the present invention, the transmitter broadcasts the first RTS in the GHz frequency band. In the case of visibility, the relay node, IRS and the receiver can all receive the first RTS. When the receiver determines that there is a line-of-sight path for communication with the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band, the receiver broadcasts the first CTS. After receiving the first CTS, the relay node clears the cached location information of the transmitter related to the first RTS.

[0132] In the above embodiment, the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the first RTS. Furthermore, by carrying the location information of the transmitter in the first RTS, it is possible to determine whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the transmitter and the receiver in the terahertz frequency band according to the location information of the transmitter, the location information of the receiver, the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value. In this way, there is no need to judge whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the receiver and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band based on the received signal strength, which can avoid the problem of misjudgment due to signal diffraction, sudden and significant reduction of power due to weather, enhanced reflection, etc., and the LOS judgment method based on position calculation and angle can double-layer guarantee whether there is an obstacle between the transmitter and the receiver, thereby improving the accuracy of visual judgment.

[0133] In some embodiments, in the above step 102, determining whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the receiving end, the first elevation angle estimation value, and the first azimuth angle estimation value includes:

[0134] Determine a first elevation angle calculation value, a first azimuth angle calculation value, and a first distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the position information of the transmitting end and the position information of the receiving end;

[0135] When the first distance is less than or equal to a first threshold, the deviation between the first elevation angle estimation value and the first elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to a second threshold, and the deviation between the first azimuth angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to a third threshold, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0136] Exemplarily, determining a first distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end includes:

[0137] According to the formula Determine a first distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end; wherein, L sr1 is the first distance, the position coordinates of the transmitter are (x1, y1, z1), and the position coordinates of the receiver are (x2, y2, z2). Further, assuming that the effective transmission range of terahertz is 10 meters, the first threshold is set to 10 meters. If L sr1 ≤10, it means that the distance between the transmitter and the receiver meets the terahertz communication transmission distance.

[0138] Exemplarily, determining the first elevation angle calculation value according to the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end includes: according to the formula Determine the first elevation angle calculation value; where α sr1 is the first elevation angle calculation value, the position coordinates of the transmitting end are (x1, y1, z1), and the position coordinates of the receiving end are (x2, y2, z2). Further, the calculated first elevation angle calculation value is compared with the first elevation angle estimation value to obtain the elevation angle deviation Δα.

[0139] Exemplarily, determining the first azimuth calculation value according to the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end includes: according to the formula Determine a first azimuth calculation value; wherein, is the first elevation angle calculation value, the position coordinates of the transmitting end are (x1, y1, z1), and the position coordinates of the receiving end are (x2, y2, z2). Further, the calculated first azimuth angle calculation value is compared with the first azimuth angle estimation value to obtain the azimuth angle deviation

[0140] Define the second and third thresholds as error factors δ. If |Δα|≤δ, If the line of sight LOS exists between the transmitter and the receiver, it is determined that there is an obstacle between the transmitter and the receiver.

[0141] In the above embodiment, based on the position information of the transmitting end and the position information of the receiving end, the calculated first elevation angle calculation value and the first azimuth angle calculation value are precise values; based on the first RTS, the solved first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value are estimated values, and based on the deviation between the estimated value and the precise value, it is judged whether the receiving end and the transmitting end are visible. In this way, there is no need to judge whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the receiving end and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band based on the received signal strength, which can avoid the problem of misjudgment caused by signal diffraction, sudden and significant reduction of power due to weather, enhanced reflection, etc., and improve the accuracy of visual judgment.

[0142] In some embodiments, the communication method further includes:

[0143] When it is determined that there is no line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, a relay request frame is broadcast, where the relay request frame carries the location information of the transmitting end, the location information of the receiving end, and first information, where the first information is used to indicate whether there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS.

[0144] The relay request frame is used to indicate the need to find a relay.

[0145] In some optional embodiments, when the first information indicates that there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS, the broadcast relay request frame further includes: location information of the IRS.

[0146] In this embodiment, when there is no direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, based on different scenarios, the broadcast relay request frame includes the following two types:

[0147] Scenario 1: Figure 5 and 6 In the example, the sender and the receiver are not visible, but the receiver and the IRS are visible.

[0148] In the first scenario, if the receiving end determines that there is no direct line-of-sight path for communication between the sending end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, and the receiving end and the IRS are visible, the receiving end broadcasts a relay request frame (IRS relay request, RR-IRS) in the GHz frequency band. The relay request frame (RR-IRS) carries the location information of the sending end, the location information of the receiving end, the location information of the IRS, and the first information, and the first information is used to indicate that there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS.

[0149] For example, Figure 3 In the RR-IRS, the frame structure includes: MAC Header, Frame Body and Frame Check Sequence (FCS); the location information of the sender (x t ,y t , z t ), the position of the receiving end (x r ,y r , z r ) and the position of the IRS (x ris ,y ris , z ris ), and the first information (YRIS) are carried in the frame body, the location information of the sender, the location information of the receiver and the location information of the IRS each occupy 6 bytes, and the first information occupies 2 bytes; the frame header includes: a 2-byte frame control field (Frame Control), a 2-byte duration field (Duration), a 6-byte receiving end address field (Receiver Address), a 6-byte sending end address field (Transmitter Address), and a sequence control field (Sequence Control).

[0150] Accordingly, the transmitter receives the relay request frame (RR-IRS) reflected or projected by the IRS, and determines whether there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band according to the relay request frame (RR-IRS); Figure 5 As shown in , if there is a direct line of sight between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, the second CTS is broadcast. Figure 6 As shown, if there is no direct line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, the transmitter remains silent.

[0151] Accordingly, after receiving the relay request frame (RR-IRS) broadcast by the receiving end, the relay node determines whether there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band according to the relay request frame (RR-IRS); Figure 6 In the process, if there is a direct line of sight between the sender and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band, the relay node starts a timer. If the CTS broadcast by the sender is not received before the timer ends, the relay node broadcasts a relay request acknowledgment frame (RRA) based on the GHz frequency band.

[0152] For example, Figure 3In the RRA frame structure, the frame structure includes: MAC Header, Frame Body and Frame Check Sequence (FCS); among them, the location information of the sender (x t ,y t , z t ), the position of the receiving end (x r ,y r , z r ) and the location of the relay node (x m ,y m , z m ) is carried in the frame body, and the location information of the sender, the receiver and the relay node each occupies 6 bytes; the frame header includes: a 2-byte frame control field (Frame Control), a 2-byte duration field (Duration), a 6-byte receiver address field (Receiver Address), a 6-byte transmitter address field (Transmitter Address), and a sequence control field (Sequence Control).

[0153] It should be pointed out that if the CTS broadcast by the sender is not received before the timer ends, it means that the sender has not established a direct line-of-sight path for communication in the terahertz frequency band based on the IRS, nor has it established a direct line-of-sight path for communication in the terahertz frequency band with other pre-relay nodes.

[0154] Scenario 2: Figure 7 In the process, the sender and the receiver are not visible, and the receiver and the IRS are not visible.

[0155] In the second scenario, if the receiving end determines that there is no direct line of sight for communication between the sending end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, and the receiving end and the IRS are not visible, the receiving end broadcasts a relay request frame (NIRS relayrequest, RR-NIRS) in the GHz frequency band. The relay request frame (RR-NIRS) carries the location information of the sending end, the location information of the receiving end, and the first information, and the first information is used to indicate that there is no direct line of sight for communication between the receiving end and the IRS.

[0156] For example, Figure 3 In the RR-IRS, the frame structure includes: MAC Header, Frame Body and Frame Check Sequence (FCS); the location information of the sender (x t ,y t , z t ), the position of the receiving end (x r,y r , z r ), and the first information (NRIS) are carried in the frame body, the location information of the sender and the location information of the receiver each occupy 6 bytes, and the first information occupies 2 bytes; the frame header includes: a 2-byte frame control field (Frame Control), a 2-byte duration (Duration) field, a 6-byte receiving end address field (ReceiverAddress), a 6-byte sending end address field (Transmitter Address), and a sequence control field (SequenceControl).

[0157] Accordingly, after receiving the relay request frame (RR-NIRS) broadcast by the receiving end, the relay node determines whether there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the sending end and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band according to the relay request frame (RR-NIRS); Figure 7 In the process, if there is a direct line of sight between the transmitter and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band, the relay node starts a timer. If the CTS broadcast by the transmitter is not received before the timer ends, the relay node broadcasts a relay request acknowledgment frame (RRA) based on the GHz frequency band. Correspondingly, after receiving the relay request acknowledgment frame RRA, the transmitter broadcasts a third CTS in the GHz frequency band.

[0158] It should be pointed out that if the CTS broadcast by the sender is not received before the timer expires, it means that the sender has not established a direct line-of-sight path for communication in the terahertz frequency band based on other pre-relay nodes.

[0159] In the above embodiment, when there is no direct line of sight for communication in the terahertz frequency band between the transmitting end and the receiving end, the receiving end broadcasts a relay request frame, and the relay request frame carries the first information indicating that there is no direct line of sight for communication between the receiving end and the IRS, so that the transmitting end, based on the first information, preferentially determines whether to use the terahertz channel based on the IRS; when it is determined to use the terahertz channel based on the IRS, if it is determined that there is a direct line of sight for communication in the terahertz frequency band between the transmitting end and the IRS, the transmitting end broadcasts a second CTS and aligns the terahertz antenna array with the IRS. When there is no direct line of sight for communication in the terahertz frequency band between the transmitting end and the IRS, a direct line of sight for communication in the terahertz frequency band is established based on the relay node. In this embodiment, when there is no direct line of sight for communication in the terahertz frequency band between the transmitting end and the receiving end, a virtual line-of-sight path is preferentially created based on the reflection principle of the IRS technology. On the one hand, a certain gain can be generated through beamforming, and on the other hand, the judgment is simpler than the solution of direct relay nodes, and the delay and resource consumption caused by the use of relays can be reduced.

[0160] In some embodiments, the communication method further includes:

[0161] receiving a second RTS sent by the smart metasurface IRS, where the second RTS is formed by the IRS reflecting the first RTS;

[0162] According to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the receiving end, the second elevation angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle estimation value, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band; wherein the second elevation angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle estimation value are determined based on the second RTS.

[0163] In a specific implementation, after receiving the second RTS, the receiving end obtains the position information of the IRS, and parses the second RTS based on the MUSIC algorithm proposed by R. Schmidt to obtain a second elevation angle estimation value and a second azimuth angle estimation value; and obtains the position information of the receiving end based on the positioning module, and further determines whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band based on the position information of the IRS, the position information of the receiving end, the second elevation angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle estimation value.

[0164] Further, in some embodiments, determining whether there is a communicative direct line-of-sight path between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the receiving end, the second elevation angle estimation value, and the second azimuth angle estimation value includes:

[0165] Determine, according to the location information of the IRS and the location information of the receiving end, a second elevation angle calculation value, a second azimuth angle calculation value, and a second distance between the IRS and the receiving end;

[0166] When the second distance is less than or equal to a first threshold, the deviation between the second elevation angle estimation value and the second elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to a second threshold, and the deviation between the second azimuth angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to a third threshold, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0167] Exemplarily, determining the second distance between the IRS and the receiving end according to the location information of the IRS and the location information of the receiving end includes:

[0168] According to the formula Determine the first distance between the IRS and the receiving end; where L sr2is the second distance, the position coordinates of the IRS are (x3, y3, z3), and the position coordinates of the receiving end are (x2, y2, z2). Further, assuming that the effective transmission range of terahertz is 10 meters, the first threshold is set to 10 meters. If L sr2 ≤10, it means that the distance between IRS and the receiving end meets the terahertz communication transmission distance.

[0169] Exemplarily, determining the second elevation angle calculation value according to the position information of the IRS and the position information of the receiving end includes: according to the formula Determine the second elevation angle calculation value; where α sr2 is the second elevation angle calculation value, the position coordinates of the IRS are (x3, y3, z3), and the position coordinates of the receiving end are (x2, y2, z2). Further, the calculated second elevation angle calculation value is compared with the second elevation angle estimation value to obtain the elevation angle deviation Δα.

[0170] Exemplarily, determining the second azimuth calculation value according to the position information of the IRS and the position information of the receiving end includes: according to the formula Determine a second azimuth calculation value; wherein, is the second elevation angle calculation value, the position coordinates of the IRS are (x3, y3, z3), and the position coordinates of the receiving end are (x2, y2, z2). Further, the calculated second azimuth angle calculation value is compared with the second azimuth angle estimation value to obtain the azimuth angle deviation

[0171] Define the second and third thresholds as error factors δ. If |Δα|≤δ, It is determined that there is a line of sight LOS between the IRS and the receiving end; otherwise, it is determined that there is an obstacle between the IRS and the receiving end.

[0172] In some embodiments, after broadcasting the relay request, the communication method further comprises:

[0173] Receive a second CTS sent by the transmitting end; wherein the second CTS is sent when it is determined that there is a communicable direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, and the second CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end;

[0174] Based on the second CTS, the antenna array is aligned toward the IRS.

[0175] In this embodiment, if the receiving end determines that there is no direct line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, and the receiving end and the IRS are visible, the receiving end broadcasts a relay request frame (IRS relay request, RR-IRS) in the GHz frequency band, and the relay request frame (RR-IRS) carries the location information of the transmitting end, the location information of the receiving end, the location information of the IRS, and the first information, and the first information is used to indicate that there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS. Accordingly, the transmitting end receives the relay request frame (RR-IRS) reflected or projected by the IRS, and determines whether there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band based on the relay request frame (RR-IRS); Figure 5 As shown, if there is a direct line of sight for communication between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, the transmitter broadcasts a second CTS and aligns the terahertz antenna array with the IRS; after receiving the second CTS, the receiver calculates the elevation angle and azimuth angle between the receiver and the IRS according to the second CTS, and adjusts the terahertz antenna array to align it with the IRS.

[0176] In some embodiments, after broadcasting the relay request, the communication method further comprises:

[0177] receiving a third CTS sent by the transmitting end, wherein the third CTS is sent by the transmitting end after receiving a relay request confirmation frame RRA sent by a relay node, and the third CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end;

[0178] According to the third CTS, the antenna array is directed toward the relay node.

[0179] In this embodiment, if the receiving end determines that there is no direct line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, and the receiving end and the IRS are not visible, the receiving end broadcasts a relay request frame (NIRS relayrequest, RR-NIRS) in the GHz frequency band, and the relay request frame (RR-NIRS) carries the location information of the transmitting end, the location information of the receiving end, and the first information, and the first information is used to indicate that there is no direct line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS. Accordingly, after receiving the relay request frame (RR-NIRS) broadcast by the receiving end, the relay node determines whether there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band according to the relay request frame (RR-NIRS); Figure 7In the process, if there is a direct line of sight between the transmitter and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band, the relay node starts a timer. If the CTS broadcast by the transmitter is not received before the timer ends, the relay node broadcasts a relay request acknowledgment frame (RRA) based on the GHz frequency band. Accordingly, after receiving the relay request acknowledgment frame RRA, the transmitter broadcasts a third CTS in the GHz frequency band and aligns the terahertz antenna array with the relay node. After receiving the third CTS, the receiver calculates the elevation angle and azimuth angle between the receiver and the relay node according to the third CTS, and adjusts the terahertz antenna array to align it with the relay node.

[0180] In some embodiments, before determining, according to the second RTS, whether there is a communicable line-of-sight path between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, the method further includes:

[0181] Acquire a first IRS information table, where the first IRS information table includes: a plurality of IRSs capable of communicating with the receiving end, and position information, elevation angle ranges, and azimuth angle ranges respectively corresponding to the plurality of IRSs;

[0182] determining, according to the first IRS information table, whether the second RTS is a signal sent by any IRS of the multiple IRSs;

[0183] If the second RTS is a signal sent by any IRS among the multiple IRSs, it is determined whether there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the second RTS.

[0184] Exemplarily, each terahertz access point AP maintains a first IRS information table, in which the IRS position information that the node can receive through IRS reflection information is stored. As shown in Table 2 below, it shows an example of the first IRS information table:

[0185]

[0186] Table 2

[0187] In this embodiment, after each access node receives information sent by the IRS, it parses the elevation angle estimate and the azimuth angle estimate, compares the elevation angle estimate and the azimuth angle estimate with the first IRS information table, and determines whether the signal sent by the IRS is a signal reflected by a surrounding IRS.

[0188] See also Figure 8 A communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it is applied to a sending end and comprises the following steps:

[0189] Step 201: broadcast a first RTS in a gigahertz frequency band, wherein the first RTS carries location information of the transmitter.

[0190] See also Figure 2 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmitter. The transmitter, as a terahertz node, includes: a THz antenna array for beamforming and an omnidirectional antenna array working in the 2.4GHz frequency band, a positioning module, a storage module, an angle estimation module and a controller. Among them, the positioning module can identify its own position by equipping it with a GPS module or manually configuring it.

[0191] For example, Figure 3 In the first RTS, the frame structure includes: a MAC frame header (MAC Header), a frame body (FrameBody) and a frame check sequence (Frame Check Sequence, FCS); wherein the location information of the sender (x t ,y t , z t ) is carried in the frame body, and the location information of the sender occupies 6 bytes; the frame header includes: a 2-byte frame control field (Frame Control), a 2-byte duration field (Duration), a 6-byte receiver address field (ReceiverAddress), a 6-byte transmitter address field (Transmitter Address), and a sequence control field (SequenceControl).

[0192] Step 202: upon receiving a first CTS sent by a receiving end, aligning the antenna array with the receiving end; wherein the first CTS is sent by the receiving end upon determining that there is a communicative line-of-sight path between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0193] For example, Figure 3 In the first CTS, the frame structure includes: MAC frame header (MAC Header), frame body (FrameBody) and frame check sequence (Frame Check Sequence, FCS); wherein the location information of the sender (x t ,y t , z t ) and the receiving end position (x r ,y r , z r) is carried in the frame body, the location information of the sender and the location information of the receiver each occupy 6 bytes; the frame header includes: a 2-byte frame control field (Frame Control), a 2-byte duration field (Duration), a 6-byte receiver address field (Receiver Address), a 6-byte transmitter address field (Transmitter Address), and a sequence control field (Sequence Control).

[0194] In the above embodiment, by carrying the location information of the transmitter in the first RTS, the receiving end can know the location information of the transmitter, solve the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value according to the first RTS, and determine whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the transmitter and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band based on the location information of the transmitter, the location information of the receiving end, the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value. In this way, the receiving end does not need to judge whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the receiving end and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band based on the received signal strength, which can avoid the problem of misjudgment caused by signal diffraction, sudden and significant reduction of power due to weather, enhanced reflection, etc., and improve the accuracy of visual judgment.

[0195] Determine a first elevation angle estimate value and a first azimuth angle estimate value according to the first RTS, and further,

[0196] In some embodiments, when there is no direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, the communication method further includes:

[0197] receiving a relay request frame sent by an IRS, where the relay request frame is formed by the IRS reflecting the relay request frame sent by the receiving end, and the relay request frame carries location information of the sending end, location information of the receiving end, and first information, where the first information is used to indicate whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the receiving end and the IRS;

[0198] When the first information indicates that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS, if it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, the antenna array is aimed at the IRS and a second CTS is broadcast, wherein the second CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0199] In this embodiment, if the receiving end determines that there is no direct line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, and the receiving end and the IRS are visible, the receiving end broadcasts a relay request frame (IRS relay request, RR-IRS) in the GHz frequency band, and the relay request frame (RR-IRS) carries the location information of the transmitting end, the location information of the receiving end, the location information of the IRS, and the first information, and the first information is used to indicate that there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS. Accordingly, the transmitting end receives the relay request frame (RR-IRS) reflected or projected by the IRS, and determines whether there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band based on the relay request frame (RR-IRS); Figure 5 As shown, if there is a direct line of sight for communication between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, the transmitter broadcasts a second CTS and aligns the terahertz antenna array with the IRS; after receiving the second CTS, the receiver calculates the elevation angle and azimuth angle between the receiver and the IRS according to the second CTS, and adjusts the terahertz antenna array to align it with the IRS.

[0200] In some embodiments, the communication method further includes:

[0201] According to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the transmitter, the third elevation angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle estimation value, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band; wherein the third elevation angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle estimation value are determined based on the relay request frame.

[0202] In specific implementation, after receiving the relay request frame, the transmitter obtains the position information of the IRS, and parses the relay request frame based on the MUSIC algorithm proposed by R. Schmidt to obtain the third elevation angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle estimation value; and obtains the position information of the transmitter based on the positioning module, and further determines whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the transmitter, the third elevation angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle estimation value.

[0203] In some embodiments, determining whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the transmitting end, the third elevation angle estimation value, and the third azimuth angle estimation value includes:

[0204] Determine, according to the location information of the IRS and the location information of the transmitting end, a third elevation angle calculation value, a third azimuth angle calculation value, and a third distance between the IRS and the transmitting end;

[0205] When the third distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the third elevation angle estimation value and the third elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the third azimuth angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band.

[0206] Exemplarily, determining the third distance between the IRS and the transmitting end according to the location information of the IRS and the location information of the transmitting end includes:

[0207] According to the formula Determine the third distance between the IRS and the transmitter; where L sr3 is the third distance, the position coordinates of the IRS are (x3, y3, z3), and the position coordinates of the transmitter are (x1, y1, z1). Further, assuming that the effective transmission range of terahertz is 10 meters, the first threshold is set to 10 meters. If L sr3 ≤10, it means that the distance between IRS and the transmitter meets the terahertz communication transmission distance.

[0208] Exemplarily, determining the third elevation angle calculation value according to the position information of the IRS and the position information of the transmitting end includes: according to the formula Determine the third elevation angle calculation value; where α sr3 is the third elevation angle calculation value, the position coordinates of the IRS are (x3, y3, z3), and the position coordinates of the transmitting end are (x1, y1, z1). Further, the calculated third elevation angle calculation value is compared with the third elevation angle estimation value to obtain the elevation angle deviation Δα.

[0209] Exemplarily, determining the third-party position angle calculation value according to the position information of the IRS and the position information of the transmitting end includes: according to the formula Determine the calculated value of the third position angle; where, is the calculated value of the third elevation angle, the position coordinates of the IRS are (x3, y3, z3), and the position coordinates of the transmitter are (x1, y1, z1). Further, the calculated third azimuth angle value is compared with the third azimuth angle estimate to obtain the azimuth deviation

[0210] Define the second and third thresholds as error factors δ. If |Δα|≤δ, It is determined that there is a line of sight LOS between the IRS and the receiving end; otherwise, it is determined that there is an obstacle between the IRS and the transmitting end.

[0211] In some embodiments, the communication method further includes:

[0212] receiving a relay request confirmation frame RRA sent by a relay node, wherein the RRA carries the location information of the sender, the location information of the receiver and the location information of the relay node;

[0213] According to the RRA, the antenna array is aimed at the relay node, and a third CTS is broadcasted, wherein the third CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0214] In this embodiment, if the receiving end determines that there is no direct line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, and the receiving end and the IRS are not visible, the receiving end broadcasts a relay request frame (NIRS relayrequest, RR-NIRS) in the GHz frequency band, and the relay request frame (RR-NIRS) carries the location information of the transmitting end, the location information of the receiving end, and the first information, and the first information is used to indicate that there is no direct line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS. Accordingly, after receiving the relay request frame (RR-NIRS) broadcast by the receiving end, the relay node determines whether there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band according to the relay request frame (RR-NIRS); Figure 7 In the process, if there is a direct line of sight between the transmitter and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band, the relay node starts a timer. If the CTS broadcast by the transmitter is not received before the timer ends, the relay node broadcasts a relay request acknowledgment frame (RRA) based on the GHz frequency band. Accordingly, after receiving the relay request acknowledgment frame RRA, the transmitter broadcasts a third CTS in the GHz frequency band and aligns the terahertz antenna array with the relay node. After receiving the third CTS, the receiver calculates the elevation angle and azimuth angle between the receiver and the relay node according to the third CTS, and adjusts the terahertz antenna array to align it with the relay node.

[0215] See also Fig. 9 A communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a relay node, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0216] Step 301: Receive a first RTS sent by a sender, where the first RTS carries location information of the sender.

[0217] See also Figure 2 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a relay node. As a terahertz node, the relay node includes: a THz antenna array for beamforming and an omnidirectional antenna array working in the 2.4GHz frequency band, a positioning module, a storage module, an angle estimation module and a controller. Among them, the positioning module can identify its own position by equipping it with a GPS module or manually configuring it.

[0218] For example, Figure 3 In the first RTS, the frame structure includes: a MAC frame header (MAC Header), a frame body (FrameBody) and a frame check sequence (Frame Check Sequence, FCS); wherein the location information of the sender (x t ,y t , z t ) is carried in the frame body, and the location information of the sender occupies 6 bytes; the frame header includes: a 2-byte frame control field (Frame Control), a 2-byte duration field (Duration), a 6-byte receiver address field (ReceiverAddress), a 6-byte transmitter address field (Transmitter Address), and a sequence control field (SequenceControl).

[0219] Step 302: Determine whether there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the relay node and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band according to the location information of the transmitter, the location information of the relay node, a fourth elevation angle estimate, and a fourth azimuth angle estimate; wherein the fourth elevation angle estimate and the fourth azimuth angle estimate are determined according to the first RTS.

[0220] In a specific implementation, after receiving the first RTS, the relay node obtains the location information of the sender carried in the first RTS, and parses the first RTS based on the MUSIC algorithm proposed by R. Schmidt to obtain a fourth elevation angle estimation value and a fourth azimuth angle estimation value; and, based on the positioning module, obtains the location information of the relay node, and further determines whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the sender and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band according to the location information of the sender, the location information of the relay node, the fourth elevation angle estimation value and the fourth azimuth angle estimation value.

[0221] Step 303: When it is determined whether there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the relay node and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band, the location information of the transmitter is stored.

[0222] In this embodiment, after receiving the first RTS, when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band, the location information of the transmitter is cached so that after the relay node receives the relay request frame sent by the receiving end, it can determine whether the location of the transmitter carried in the relay request frame is the same as the stored location information of the transmitter. If they are the same, the subsequent relay selection process is entered.

[0223] In some embodiments, in the above step 302, determining whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the relay node, the fourth elevation angle estimation value, and the fourth azimuth angle estimation value includes:

[0224] Determine, according to the location information of the relay node and the location information of the transmitting end, a fourth elevation angle calculation value, a fourth azimuth angle calculation value, and a fourth distance between the relay node and the transmitting end;

[0225] When the fourth distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the fourth elevation angle estimation value and the fourth elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the fourth azimuth angle estimation value and the fourth azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0226] Exemplarily, determining the fourth distance between the transmitting end and the relay node according to the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the relay node includes: according to the formula Determine the fourth distance between the transmitter and the relay node; where L sr4 is the fourth distance, the location coordinates of the transmitter are (x1, y1, z1), and the location coordinates of the relay node are (x4, y4, z4). Further, assuming that the effective transmission range of terahertz is 10 meters, the first threshold is set to 10 meters. If L sr4 ≤10, it means that the distance between the transmitter and the relay node meets the terahertz communication transmission distance.

[0227] Exemplarily, determining the fourth elevation angle calculation value according to the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the relay node includes: according to the formula Determine the fourth elevation angle calculation value; where α sr4 is the fourth elevation angle calculation value, the position coordinates of the transmitting end are (x1, y1, z1), and the position coordinates of the relay node are (x4, y4, z4). Further, the calculated fourth elevation angle calculation value is compared with the fourth elevation angle estimation value to obtain the elevation angle deviation Δα.

[0228] Exemplarily, determining the fourth azimuth calculation value according to the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the relay node includes: according to the formula Determine the fourth azimuth calculation value; where, is the fourth elevation angle calculation value, the location coordinates of the transmitter are (x1, y1, z1), and the location coordinates of the relay node are (x4, y4, z4). Further, the calculated fourth azimuth angle calculation value is compared with the fourth azimuth angle estimation value to obtain the azimuth angle deviation

[0229] Define the second and third thresholds as error factors δ. If |Δα|≤δ, If the line of sight LOS exists between the transmitter and the receiver, it is determined that there is an obstacle between the transmitter and the receiver.

[0230] In some embodiments, after the above step 303, storing the location information of the sending end, the method further includes:

[0231] Receiving a relay request frame sent by a receiving end, wherein the relay request frame carries location information of the sending end, location information of the receiving end, and first information, wherein the first information is used to indicate whether there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band;

[0232] When it is determined that the location information of the sender carried in the relay request frame is the same as the location information of the sender carried in the first RTS, if it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, starting a first timer;

[0233] Before the first timer ends, if the second CTS or the fourth CTS sent by the transmitter is not received, an RRA is broadcast, and the RRA carries the location information of the transmitter, the location information of the receiving end and the location information of the relay node; wherein the second CTS is sent when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, and the fourth CTS is sent by the transmitter after receiving the RRA sent by other relay nodes.

[0234] Exemplarily, the relay request frame (RR-IRS) carries the location information of the sender, the location information of the receiver, and the first information, and the first information is used to indicate that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the receiver and the IRS; after receiving the relay request frame (RR-IRS) broadcast by the receiver, the relay node determines whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the sender and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band according to the relay request frame (RR-IRS); Figure 6 In the process, if there is a direct line of sight between the sender and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band, the relay node starts a timer. If the CTS broadcast by the sender is not received before the timer ends, the relay node broadcasts a relay request acknowledgment frame (RRA) based on the GHz frequency band.

[0235] Exemplarily, the relay request frame (RR-NIRS) carries the location information of the sender, the location information of the receiver, and the first information, and the first information is used to indicate that there is no direct line of sight for communication between the receiver and the IRS; after receiving the relay request frame (RR-NIRS) broadcast by the receiver, the relay node determines whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the sender and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band according to the relay request frame (RR-NIRS); Figure 7 In the process, if there is a direct line of sight between the sender and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band, the relay node starts a timer. If the CTS broadcast by the sender is not received before the timer ends, the relay node broadcasts a relay request acknowledgment frame (RRA) based on the GHz frequency band.

[0236] In some embodiments, the communication method further includes:

[0237] Determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band based on the position information of the receiving end, the position information of the relay node, a fifth elevation angle estimate and a fifth azimuth angle estimate; wherein the fifth elevation angle estimate and the fifth azimuth angle estimate are determined based on a relay request frame.

[0238] In a specific implementation, after receiving the relay request frame, the relay node obtains the position information of the receiving end, and parses the relay request frame based on the MUSIC algorithm proposed by R. Schmidt to obtain the fifth elevation angle estimation value and the fifth azimuth angle estimation value; and, based on the positioning module, obtains the position information of the relay node, and further determines whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the receiving end and the relay node in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the relay node, the position information of the receiving end, the fifth elevation angle estimation value and the fifth azimuth angle estimation value.

[0239] In some embodiments, determining whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the receiving end, the position information of the relay node, the fifth elevation angle estimation value, and the fifth azimuth angle estimation value includes:

[0240] Determine, according to the location information of the receiving end and the location information of the relay node, a fifth elevation angle calculation value, a fifth azimuth angle calculation value, and a fifth distance between the receiving end and the relay node;

[0241] When the fifth distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the fifth elevation angle estimation value and the fifth elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the fifth azimuth angle estimation value and the fifth azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0242] Exemplarily, determining a fifth distance between the receiving end and the relay node according to the location information of the receiving end and the location information of the relay node includes:

[0243] According to the formula Determine the fifth distance between the transmitter and the relay node; where L sr5 is the fifth distance, the position coordinates of the receiving end are (x2, y2, z2), and the position coordinates of the relay node are (x4, y4, z4). Further, assuming that the effective transmission range of terahertz is 10 meters, the first threshold is set to 10 meters. If L sr5 ≤10, it means that the distance between the receiving end and the relay node meets the terahertz communication transmission distance.

[0244] Exemplarily, determining the fifth elevation angle calculation value according to the location information of the receiving end and the location information of the relay node includes: according to the formula Determine the fifth elevation angle calculation value; where α sr5 is the fifth elevation angle calculation value, the position coordinates of the receiving end are (x2, y2, z2), and the position coordinates of the relay node are (x4, y4, z4). Further, the calculated fifth elevation angle calculation value is compared with the fifth elevation angle estimation value to obtain the elevation angle deviation Δα.

[0245] Exemplarily, determining the fifth azimuth calculation value according to the location information of the receiving end and the location information of the relay node includes: according to the formula Determine the fifth azimuth calculation value; wherein, is the fifth elevation angle calculation value, the position coordinates of the receiving end are (x2, y2, z2), and the position coordinates of the relay node are (x4, y4, z4). Further, the calculated fifth azimuth angle calculation value is compared with the fifth azimuth angle estimation value to obtain the azimuth angle deviation

[0246] Define the second and third thresholds as error factors δ. If |Δα|≤δ, If the line of sight LOS exists between the transmitter and the receiver, it is determined that there is an obstacle between the transmitter and the receiver.

[0247] It should be pointed out that, when judging the communicative line-of-sight path in the terahertz frequency band between the transmitter and the receiver, between the IRS and the transmitter, between the IRS and the receiver, between the relay node and the transmitter, and between the relay node and the receiver, the first threshold used may be the same or different, the second threshold used may be the same or different, and the third threshold used may be the same or different.

[0248] Combine the following Fig.10 , the communication method of the present invention is introduced. Specifically comprising the following steps:

[0249] Step 1: The transmitter sends the first RTS in the GHz band.

[0250] Specifically, when the terahertz access point AP has data to send, the transmitter sends a first RTS in the GHz band, carrying the location information of the transmitter. At this time, all the GHz band communicable access points AP around the transmitter can receive the first RTS.

[0251] Step 2: The pre-relay node receives the first RTS and determines whether there is LOS between itself and the sender; if so, the pre-relay stores the location information of the sender; if not, the pre-relay remains silent.

[0252] Specifically, after the pre-relay node receives the first RTS, it parses the first RTS to obtain the location information of the sender, the elevation angle estimation value and the azimuth angle estimation value between the sender and the pre-relay node, and determines whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the pre-relay node and the sender in the terahertz frequency band based on the location information of the sender, the location information of the pre-relay node, the elevation angle estimation value and the azimuth angle estimation value.

[0253] Step 3: The receiving end determines whether there is LOS between itself and the sending end; if so, proceed to step 4; if not, proceed to step 6.

[0254] Specifically, after the receiving end receives the first RTS, it parses the first RTS to obtain the position information of the sending end, the elevation angle estimation value and the azimuth angle estimation value between the sending end and the receiving end, and determines whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the receiving end and the sending end in the terahertz frequency band based on the position information of the sending end, the position information of the receiving end, the elevation angle estimation value and the azimuth angle estimation value.

[0255] Step 4: The receiver broadcasts CTS

[0256] Specifically, after the receiving end determines that there is a communicable LOS in the terahertz frequency band, the receiving end aligns the THz antenna array with the transmitting end according to the resolved arrival angle and broadcasts a CTS frame, which contains the location information of the receiving end.

[0257] Step 5: The transmitter adjusts the THz antenna array to align with the receiver.

[0258] Specifically, after the transmitter receives the CTS frame broadcast by the receiver, it parses the receiver's location information, calculates the elevation angle estimate and azimuth angle estimate between the transmitter and the receiver, and stores the receiver's location information in its own node information table, adjusts the THz antenna angle to align with the receiver, and conducts terahertz communication.

[0259] Step 6: The receiving end determines whether there is LOS between the receiving end and the IRS; if so, proceed to step 7; if not, proceed to step 11.

[0260] Step 7: The receiving end broadcasts the relay request frame RR-IRS.

[0261] Specifically, the relay request frame RR-IRS carries the location information of the transmitter, the location information of the receiver, and first information, where the first information is used to indicate that there is a communicative line of sight between the receiver and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band.

[0262] Step 8: The sender receives RR-IRS and determines whether there is LOS between it and the IRS; if so, proceed to step 9; if not, remain silent.

[0263] When the transmitter receives a broadcast relay request frame, it determines whether it is an IRS relay request frame. If so, it determines whether there is LOS between the transmitter and the parsed IRS; if so, the transmitter records the relevant information in the relay route table and aligns the antenna array with the corresponding IRS.

[0264] Step 9: The sender broadcasts CTS.

[0265] Step 10: The transmitter adjusts the antenna array to align with the IRS.

[0266] Step 11: The receiving end broadcasts a relay request frame RR-NIRS.

[0267] Step 12: The pre-relay determines whether there is LOS between itself and the receiving end, and checks the table to determine whether there is such link information; if so, proceed to step 13; if not, remain silent.

[0268] Specifically, after receiving RR-IRS or RR-NIRS, the pre-relay node indicates that it needs to seek relay. At this time, the pre-relay node parses the relay request frame and determines whether there is LOS between the relay node and the receiving end. If so, it proceeds to step 13; if not, it remains silent.

[0269] Step 13: The pre-relay node starts the countdown.

[0270] Step 14: Determine whether CTS is received before the countdown ends; if so, proceed to step 15; if not, remain silent.

[0271] Step 15: The pre-relay node broadcasts a relay request acknowledgement frame RRA.

[0272] Specifically, the pre-relay node broadcasts a request confirmation frame RRA to apply to become a relay node; the RRA carries the location information of the sender, the location information of the receiver and the location information of the relay node.

[0273] Step 16: The sender broadcasts CTS.

[0274] Specifically, after the transmitter receives the relay request confirmation frame RRA, it indicates that the relay route is available, so the relay route is recorded in the relay route table. In the information transmission stage, the terahertz array is aimed at the relay node. After the relay node receives the terahertz frequency band information, it turns the antenna array of the relay node to the receiving end to forward the information.

[0275] Step 17: The transmitter adjusts the antenna array to align with the pre-relay.

[0276] In the above embodiment, the RS-MAC protocol provided includes three routes: a direct line of sight path, a virtual direct line of sight path reflected by RIS, and a path forwarded by a relay node.

[0277] like Fig.11 and Fig.12 In the figure, when LOS is blocked, HE-BRMAC (relay-based efficient dual-channel MAC protocol) is completely alleviated by the relay node, and RS-MAC is relayed by the relay node path and the IRS reflection path, each accounting for half. It can be seen that the RS-MAC proposed in this application has significantly lower latency than HE-BRMAC, and significantly higher throughput than HE-BRMAC.

[0278] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 In the case where the LOS blocking probability is p, the probability of relaying based on the relay node in the HE-BRMAC protocol is 1-p, while in the RS-MAC protocol proposed in the application, the proportion of the IRS path to 1-p is increased from 0 to 1. Fig.13 and Fig.14 It can be seen that when the IRS path ratio is 0, that is, the protocol only has relay APs to alleviate LOS congestion, the throughput and latency are the same as HE-MAC. As the IRS ratio increases, the latency gradually decreases and the throughput gradually increases.

[0279] It can be seen that, through the above scheme, the present application can realize a terahertz dual-channel communication scheme with higher throughput and higher communication quality.

[0280] See also Fig.15 The embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device, applied to a receiving end, comprising:

[0281] The first receiving module 1501 is used to receive a first request to send frame RTS sent by a sender, where the first RTS carries the location information of the sender;

[0282] A first determination module 1502 is configured to determine whether there is a communicable line-of-sight path between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the receiving end, a first elevation angle estimation value, and a first azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to a first RTS;

[0283] The first processing module 1503 is used to align the antenna array with the transmitting end and broadcast a first clear-to-send frame CTS when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line-of-sight path between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, wherein the first CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0284] Optionally, the first determining module 1502 includes:

[0285] A first determination submodule, configured to determine a first elevation angle calculation value, a first azimuth angle calculation value, and a first distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the position information of the transmitting end and the position information of the receiving end;

[0286] The second determination submodule is used to determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band when the first distance is less than or equal to a first threshold, the deviation between the first elevation angle estimation value and the first elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to a second threshold, and the deviation between the first azimuth angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to a third threshold.

[0287] Optionally, the apparatus 1500 further includes:

[0288] The first sending module is used to broadcast a relay request frame when it is determined that there is no direct line of sight for communication between the sending end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, wherein the relay request frame carries the location information of the sending end, the location information of the receiving end and the first information, and the first information is used to indicate whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the receiving end and the IRS.

[0289] Optionally, the apparatus 1500 further includes:

[0290] A second receiving module is used to receive a second RTS sent by the smart metasurface IRS, where the second RTS is formed by the IRS reflecting the first RTS;

[0291] The second determination module is used to determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the receiving end, a second elevation angle estimation value and a second azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the second elevation angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the second RTS.

[0292] Optionally, the second determining module includes:

[0293] A third determination submodule, configured to determine a second elevation angle calculation value, a second azimuth angle calculation value, and a second distance between the IRS and the receiving end according to the position information of the IRS and the position information of the receiving end;

[0294] The fourth determination submodule is used to determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band when the second distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the second elevation angle estimation value and the second elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the second azimuth angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to a third threshold.

[0295] Optionally, the apparatus 1500 further includes:

[0296] A third receiving module is configured to receive a second CTS sent by the transmitting end; wherein the second CTS is sent when it is determined that there is a communicable direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, and the second CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end;

[0297] The second processing module is configured to align the antenna array to the IRS according to the second CTS.

[0298] Optionally, the apparatus 1500 further includes:

[0299] a fourth receiving module, configured to receive a third CTS sent by the transmitting end, wherein the third CTS is sent by the transmitting end after receiving a relay request confirmation frame RRA sent by a relay node, and the third CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end;

[0300] The third processing module is used to align the antenna array with the relay node according to the third CTS.

[0301] Optionally, the apparatus 1500 further includes:

[0302] A first acquisition module is used to acquire a first IRS information table, wherein the first IRS information table includes: a plurality of IRSs capable of communicating with the receiving end, and position information, elevation angle ranges, and azimuth angle ranges respectively corresponding to the plurality of IRSs;

[0303] A third determination module, configured to determine, according to the first IRS information table, whether the second RTS is a signal sent by any IRS among the multiple IRSs;

[0304] The fourth determination module is used to determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the second RTS if the second RTS is a signal sent by any IRS among the multiple IRSs.

[0305] See also Fig.16 The embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device 1600, which is applied to a transmitting end and includes:

[0306] The second sending module 1601 is used to broadcast a first RTS in a gigahertz frequency band, where the first RTS carries the location information of the sending end;

[0307] The fourth processing module 1602 is used to align the antenna array with the receiving end when receiving the first CTS sent by the receiving end; wherein the first CTS is sent by the receiving end when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0308] Optionally, the apparatus 1600 further includes:

[0309] a fifth receiving module, configured to receive a relay request frame sent by the IRS, wherein the relay request frame is formed by the IRS reflecting the relay request frame sent by the receiving end, and the relay request frame carries the location information of the sending end, the location information of the receiving end, and first information, wherein the first information is used to indicate whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the receiving end and the IRS;

[0310] The fifth processing module is used to, when the first information indicates that there is a direct line of sight for communication between the receiving end and the IRS, if it is determined that there is a direct line of sight for communication between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, align the antenna array with the IRS and broadcast a second CTS, wherein the second CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0311] Optionally, the apparatus 1600 further includes:

[0312] The fifth determination module is used to determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the transmitter, the third elevation angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the third elevation angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle estimation value are determined based on the relay request frame.

[0313] Optionally, the fifth determining module includes:

[0314] a fifth determination submodule, configured to determine a third elevation angle calculation value, a third azimuth angle calculation value, and a third distance between the IRS and the transmitting end according to the position information of the IRS and the position information of the transmitting end;

[0315] The sixth determination submodule is used to determine that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band when the third distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the third elevation angle estimation value and the third elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the third azimuth angle estimation value and the third azimuth calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold.

[0316] Optionally, the apparatus 1600 further includes:

[0317] A sixth receiving module, configured to receive a relay request confirmation frame RRA sent by a relay node, wherein the RRA carries the location information of the sender, the location information of the receiver and the location information of the relay node;

[0318] The third sending module is used to align the antenna array with the relay node according to the RRA, and broadcast a third CTS, where the third CTS carries the location information of the sending end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0319] See also Fig.17 The embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device 1700, which is applied to a relay node, including:

[0320] A seventh receiving module 1701 is configured to receive a first RTS sent by a sender, where the first RTS carries location information of the sender;

[0321] A sixth determination module 1702 is used to determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the relay node, a fourth elevation angle estimation value, and a fourth azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the fourth elevation angle estimation value and the fourth azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the first RTS;

[0322] The storage module 1703 is used to store the location information of the transmitting end when it is determined whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0323] Optionally, the sixth determining module 1702 includes:

[0324] a seventh determination submodule, configured to determine a fourth elevation angle calculation value, a fourth azimuth angle calculation value, and a fourth distance between the relay node and the transmitting end according to the position information of the relay node and the position information of the transmitting end;

[0325] The eighth determination submodule is used to determine that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band when the fourth distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the fourth elevation angle estimation value and the fourth elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the fourth azimuth angle estimation value and the fourth azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold.

[0326] Optionally, the apparatus 1700 further includes:

[0327] an eighth receiving module, configured to receive a relay request frame sent by a receiving end, wherein the relay request frame carries location information of the sending end, location information of the receiving end, and first information, wherein the first information is used to indicate whether there is a communicable line-of-sight path between the receiving end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band;

[0328] a sixth processing module, configured to start a first timer if it is determined that the location information of the sender carried in the relay request frame is the same as the location information of the sender carried in the first RTS, and if it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band;

[0329] a fourth sending module, configured to broadcast an RRA if the second CTS or the fourth CTS sent by the sending end is not received before the first timer ends, wherein the RRA carries the location information of the sending end, the location information of the receiving end, and the location information of the relay node; wherein the second CTS is sent when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the sending end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, and the fourth CTS is sent by the sending end after receiving the RRA sent by other relay nodes.

[0330] Optionally, the apparatus 1700 further includes:

[0331] The seventh determination module is used to determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the receiving end, the position information of the relay node, the fifth elevation angle estimation value and the fifth azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the fifth elevation angle estimation value and the fifth azimuth angle estimation value are determined based on the relay request frame.

[0332] Optionally, the seventh determining module includes:

[0333] a ninth determination submodule, configured to determine a fifth elevation angle calculation value, a fifth azimuth angle calculation value, and a fifth distance between the receiving end and the relay node according to the position information of the receiving end and the position information of the relay node;

[0334] The tenth determination submodule is used to determine that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band when the fifth distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the fifth elevation angle estimation value and the fifth elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the fifth azimuth angle estimation value and the fifth azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold.

[0335] A receiving end 1800 according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig.18 As shown, it includes: a transceiver 1820 and a processor 1810;

[0336] The transceiver 1820 is used to receive a first request to send frame RTS sent by a sender, where the first RTS carries the location information of the sender;

[0337] The processor 1810 is used to determine whether there is a communicable direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the receiving end, the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the first RTS;

[0338] When it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, aligning the antenna array with the transmitting end;

[0339] The transceiver 1820 is further configured to broadcast a first clear to send frame CTS, wherein the first CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0340] Optionally, the processor 1810 is specifically configured to:

[0341] Determine a first elevation angle calculation value, a first azimuth angle calculation value, and a first distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the position information of the transmitting end and the position information of the receiving end;

[0342] When the first distance is less than or equal to a first threshold, the deviation between the first elevation angle estimation value and the first elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to a second threshold, and the deviation between the first azimuth angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to a third threshold, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0343] Optionally, the transceiver 1820 is also used to broadcast a relay request frame when it is determined that there is no line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitter and the receiver in the terahertz frequency band, and the relay request frame carries the location information of the transmitter, the location information of the receiver and first information, and the first information is used to indicate whether there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the receiver and the IRS.

[0344] The transceiver 1820 is also used to receive a second RTS sent by the smart metasurface IRS, where the second RTS is formed by the IRS reflecting the first RTS;

[0345] The processor 1810 is also used to determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band based on the position information of the IRS, the position information of the receiving end, the second elevation angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the second elevation angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle estimation value are determined based on the second RTS.

[0346] Optionally, the processor 1810 is specifically configured to:

[0347] Determine, according to the location information of the IRS and the location information of the receiving end, a second elevation angle calculation value, a second azimuth angle calculation value, and a second distance between the IRS and the receiving end;

[0348] When the second distance is less than or equal to a first threshold, the deviation between the second elevation angle estimation value and the second elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to a second threshold, and the deviation between the second azimuth angle estimation value and the second azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to a third threshold, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0349] Optionally, the transceiver 1820 is further configured to receive a second CTS sent by the transmitting end; wherein the second CTS is sent when it is determined that there is a communicable line-of-sight path between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, and the second CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end;

[0350] Based on the second CTS, the antenna array is aligned toward the IRS.

[0351] Optionally, the transceiver 1820 is further configured to:

[0352] receiving a third CTS sent by the transmitting end, wherein the third CTS is sent by the transmitting end after receiving a relay request confirmation frame RRA sent by a relay node, and the third CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end;

[0353] According to the third CTS, the antenna array is directed toward the relay node.

[0354] Optionally, the processor 1810 is further configured to:

[0355] Acquire a first IRS information table, where the first IRS information table includes: a plurality of IRSs capable of communicating with the receiving end, and position information, elevation angle ranges, and azimuth angle ranges respectively corresponding to the plurality of IRSs;

[0356] determining, according to the first IRS information table, whether the second RTS is a signal sent by any IRS of the multiple IRSs;

[0357] If the second RTS is a signal sent by any IRS among the multiple IRSs, it is determined whether there is a direct line-of-sight path for communication between the IRS and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the second RTS.

[0358] A transmitting end 1900 according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig.19 As shown, it includes: a transceiver 1920 and a processor 1910;

[0359] Using the transceiver 1920 to broadcast a first RTS in a gigahertz frequency band, wherein the first RTS carries the location information of the transmitter;

[0360] The processor 1910 is used to align the antenna array with the receiving end when receiving a first CTS sent by the receiving end; wherein the first CTS is sent by the receiving end when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0361] Optionally, the transceiver 1920 is further configured to:

[0362] receiving a relay request frame sent by an IRS, where the relay request frame is formed by the IRS reflecting the relay request frame sent by the receiving end, and the relay request frame carries location information of the sending end, location information of the receiving end, and first information, where the first information is used to indicate whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the receiving end and the IRS;

[0363] When the first information indicates that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS, if it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, the antenna array is aimed at the IRS and a second CTS is broadcast, wherein the second CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0364] Optionally, the processor 1910 is further configured to:

[0365] According to the position information of the IRS, the position information of the transmitter, the third elevation angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle estimation value, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band; wherein the third elevation angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle estimation value are determined based on the relay request frame.

[0366] Optionally, the processor 1910 is specifically configured to:

[0367] Determine, according to the location information of the IRS and the location information of the transmitting end, a third elevation angle calculation value, a third azimuth angle calculation value, and a third distance between the IRS and the transmitting end;

[0368] When the third distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the third elevation angle estimation value and the third elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the third azimuth angle estimation value and the third azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the IRS and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band.

[0369] Optionally, the transceiver 1920 is further configured to:

[0370] receiving a relay request confirmation frame RRA sent by a relay node, wherein the RRA carries the location information of the sender, the location information of the receiver and the location information of the relay node;

[0371] According to the RRA, the antenna array is aimed at the relay node, and a third CTS is broadcasted, wherein the third CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

[0372] A relay node 2000 according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 20 As shown, it includes: a transceiver 2020 and a processor 2010;

[0373] The transceiver 2020 is used to receive a first RTS sent by a sender, where the first RTS carries the location information of the sender;

[0374] The processor 2010 is used to determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitter, the position information of the relay node, a fourth elevation angle estimation value and a fourth azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the fourth elevation angle estimation value and the fourth azimuth angle estimation value are determined based on the first RTS; and when it is determined whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band, the position information of the transmitter is stored.

[0375] Optionally, the processor 2010 is specifically configured to:

[0376] Determine, according to the location information of the relay node and the location information of the transmitting end, a fourth elevation angle calculation value, a fourth azimuth angle calculation value, and a fourth distance between the relay node and the transmitting end;

[0377] When the fourth distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the fourth elevation angle estimation value and the fourth elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the fourth azimuth angle estimation value and the fourth azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0378] Optionally, the transceiver 2020 is further used for:

[0379] Receiving a relay request frame sent by a receiving end, wherein the relay request frame carries location information of the sending end, location information of the receiving end, and first information, wherein the first information is used to indicate whether there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band;

[0380] When it is determined that the location information of the sender carried in the relay request frame is the same as the location information of the sender carried in the first RTS, if it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, starting a first timer;

[0381] Before the first timer ends, if the second CTS or the fourth CTS sent by the transmitter is not received, an RRA is broadcast, and the RRA carries the location information of the transmitter, the location information of the receiving end and the location information of the relay node; wherein the second CTS is sent when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, and the fourth CTS is sent by the transmitter after receiving the RRA sent by other relay nodes.

[0382] Optionally, the processor 2010 is further configured to:

[0383] Determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band based on the position information of the receiving end, the position information of the relay node, a fifth elevation angle estimate and a fifth azimuth angle estimate; wherein the fifth elevation angle estimate and the fifth azimuth angle estimate are determined based on a relay request frame.

[0384] Optionally, the processor 2010 is specifically configured to:

[0385] Determine, according to the location information of the receiving end and the location information of the relay node, a fifth elevation angle calculation value, a fifth azimuth angle calculation value, and a fifth distance between the receiving end and the relay node;

[0386] When the fifth distance is less than or equal to the first threshold, the deviation between the fifth elevation angle estimation value and the fifth elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the deviation between the fifth azimuth angle estimation value and the fifth azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

[0387] A receiving end according to another embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig.21 As shown, it includes a transceiver 2110, a processor 2100, a memory 2120, and a program or instruction stored in the memory 2120 and executable on the processor 2100; when the processor 2100 executes the program or instruction, the communication method applied to the receiving end is implemented.

[0388] The transceiver 2110 is used to receive and send data under the control of the processor 2100.

[0389] Among them, Fig.21In the embodiment, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically one or more processors represented by processor 2100 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 2120 are linked together. The bus architecture may also link together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and are therefore not further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 2110 may be a plurality of components, i.e., including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium. The processor 2100 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 2120 may store data used by the processor 2100 when performing operations.

[0390] A transmitting end according to another embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig. 22 As shown, it includes a transceiver 2210, a processor 2200, a memory 2220, and a program or instruction stored in the memory 2220 and executable on the processor 2200; when the processor 2200 executes the program or instruction, the communication method applied to the sending end is implemented.

[0391] The transceiver 2210 is used to receive and send data under the control of the processor 2200.

[0392] Among them, Fig. 22 In the embodiment, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically one or more processors represented by processor 2200 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 2220 are linked together. The bus architecture may also link together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and are therefore not further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 2210 may be a plurality of components, i.e., including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium. The processor 2200 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 2220 may store data used by the processor 2200 when performing operations.

[0393] A relay node according to another embodiment of the present invention, Fig.23 As shown, it includes a transceiver 2310, a processor 2300, a memory 2320, and a program or instruction stored in the memory 2320 and executable on the processor 2300; when the processor 2300 executes the program or instruction, the communication method applied to the relay node is implemented.

[0394] The transceiver 2310 is used to receive and send data under the control of the processor 2300.

[0395] Among them, Fig.23 In the embodiment, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically one or more processors represented by processor 2300 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 2320 are linked together. The bus architecture may also link together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and are therefore not further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 2310 may be a plurality of components, namely, a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium. The processor 2300 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 2320 may store data used by the processor 2300 when performing operations.

[0396] A computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention stores a program or instruction thereon, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps in the communication method as applied to the transmitting end side, the receiving end side, or the relay node side are implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here. The computer-readable storage medium is, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0397] It should be further explained that the terminals described in this specification include but are not limited to smart phones, tablet computers, etc., and many of the functional components described are called modules in order to more particularly emphasize the independence of their implementation methods.

[0398] In the embodiment of the present invention, module can be implemented with software so that it can be executed by various types of processors. For example, an executable code module of an identification can include one or more physical or logical blocks of computer instructions, for example, it can be constructed as an object, process or function. Nevertheless, the executable code of the identified module does not need to be physically located together, but can include different instructions stored in different positions, and when these instructions are logically combined together, it constitutes a module and realizes the specified purpose of the module.

[0399] In fact, executable code module can be a single instruction or many instructions, and can even be distributed on a plurality of different code segments, distributed among different programs, and distributed across a plurality of memory devices. Similarly, operating data can be identified in the module, and can be implemented and organized in the data structure of any appropriate type according to any appropriate form. The operating data can be collected as a single data set, or can be distributed in different locations (including on different storage devices), and can only be present on a system or network as an electronic signal at least in part.

[0400] When a module can be implemented by software, considering the level of existing hardware technology, a person skilled in the art can build a corresponding hardware circuit to implement the corresponding function of the module that can be implemented by software without considering the cost. The hardware circuit includes a conventional very large scale integration (VLSI) circuit or gate array and existing semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or other discrete components. The module can also be implemented by a programmable hardware device, such as a field programmable gate array, a programmable array logic, a programmable logic device, etc.

[0401] The above exemplary embodiments are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and many different forms and embodiments are feasible without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be constructed as a limitation of the exemplary embodiments proposed herein. More specifically, these exemplary embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be perfect and complete, and the scope of the present invention will be conveyed to those who are familiar with the technology. In these figures, the component sizes and relative sizes may be exaggerated for clarity. The terms used here are only based on the purpose of describing specific exemplary embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. As used herein, unless the text clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "the" are intended to include these multiple forms. It will be further understood that the terms "including" and / or "comprising" when used in this specification indicate the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, components and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or increase of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, components and / or their groups. Unless otherwise indicated, when stated, a range of values ​​includes the upper and lower limits of that range and any subranges therebetween.

[0402] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to the receiving end, including: Receive a first request to send frame RTS sent by a sender, where the first RTS carries location information of the sender; Determine whether there is a communicable line-of-sight path between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the receiving end, a first elevation angle estimation value, and a first azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to a first RTS; When it is determined that there is a direct line of sight for communication between the transmitter and the receiver in the terahertz frequency band, the antenna array is aimed at the transmitter and a first clear to send frame CTS is broadcast, wherein the first CTS carries the location information of the transmitter and the location information of the receiver.

2. The communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining, according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the receiving end, the first elevation angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle estimation value, whether there is a communicable line-of-sight path between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band includes: Determine a first elevation angle calculation value, a first azimuth angle calculation value, and a first distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the position information of the transmitting end and the position information of the receiving end; When the first distance is less than or equal to a first threshold, the deviation between the first elevation angle estimation value and the first elevation angle calculation value is less than or equal to a second threshold, and the deviation between the first azimuth angle estimation value and the first azimuth angle calculation value is less than or equal to a third threshold, determine whether there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

3. The communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When it is determined that there is no line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, a relay request frame is broadcast, where the relay request frame carries the location information of the transmitting end, the location information of the receiving end, and first information, where the first information is used to indicate whether there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS.

4. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to the sending end, including: Broadcasting a first RTS in a gigahertz frequency band, wherein the first RTS carries location information of the sender; When a first CTS sent by a receiving end is received, the antenna array is aimed at the receiving end; wherein the first CTS is sent by the receiving end when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band.

5. The communication method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the case where there is no direct line of sight for communication in the terahertz frequency band between the transmitting end and the receiving end, the method further includes: receiving a relay request frame sent by an IRS, where the relay request frame is formed by the IRS reflecting the relay request frame sent by the receiving end, and the relay request frame carries location information of the sending end, location information of the receiving end, and first information, where the first information is used to indicate whether there is a direct line of sight for communication between the receiving end and the IRS; When the first information indicates that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS, if it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the transmitting end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, the antenna array is aimed at the IRS and a second CTS is broadcast, wherein the second CTS carries the location information of the transmitting end and the location information of the receiving end.

6. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a relay node, the method comprises: Receive a first RTS sent by a sender, where the first RTS carries location information of the sender; Determine whether there is a communicable line-of-sight path between the relay node and the transmitting end in the terahertz frequency band according to the position information of the transmitting end, the position information of the relay node, a fourth elevation angle estimation value, and a fourth azimuth angle estimation value; wherein the fourth elevation angle estimation value and the fourth azimuth angle estimation value are determined according to the first RTS; When it is determined whether there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the relay node and the transmitter in the terahertz frequency band, the location information of the transmitter is stored.

7. The communication method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After storing the location information of the transmitting end, the method further includes: Receiving a relay request frame sent by a receiving end, wherein the relay request frame carries location information of the sending end, location information of the receiving end, and first information, wherein the first information is used to indicate whether there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the receiving end and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band; When it is determined that the location information of the sender carried in the relay request frame is the same as the location information of the sender carried in the first RTS, if it is determined that there is a line-of-sight path for communication between the relay node and the receiving end in the terahertz frequency band, starting a first timer; Before the first timer ends, if the second CTS or the fourth CTS sent by the transmitter is not received, an RRA is broadcast, and the RRA carries the location information of the transmitter, the location information of the receiving end and the location information of the relay node; wherein the second CTS is sent when it is determined that there is a communicative direct line of sight between the transmitter and the IRS in the terahertz frequency band, and the fourth CTS is sent by the transmitter after receiving the RRA sent by other relay nodes.

8. A receiving end, comprising: A transceiver, a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor; wherein the processor implements the steps of the communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 when executing the program or instruction.

9. A transmitting end, comprising: A transceiver, a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor; wherein the processor implements the steps of the communication method as described in any one of claims 4 to 5 when executing the program or instruction.

10. A relay node, comprising: A transceiver, a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor; wherein the processor implements the steps of the communication method as described in any one of claims 6 to 7 when executing the program or instruction.

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