A self-organizing network communication power control system and method based on a centerless node

Abstract

The application provides a kind of self-organizing network communication power control system and method based on centerless node, it is related to wireless communication technical field, the system includes: link quality evaluation module, for evaluating the link quality between node and adjacent node;Power adjustment module, for calculating and adjusting the transmitting power of node according to link quality, service demand and energy state;Channel power coordination module, for real-time monitoring channel interference condition, and when interference is larger, dynamically select channel and coordinate power;Energy-aware restriction module, for monitoring node energy and limiting power adjustment range according to energy state;Information interaction and synchronization module, for ensuring accurate exchange and synchronization between nodes.The application improves link quality evaluation, optimizes power adjustment strategy, enhances interference processing capacity and realizes more effective energy management, to achieve efficient power control in dynamically changing network environment, improve the overall performance and stability of network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, in particular to the field of power control technology in a central node-free ad hoc network, and in particular to a communication power control system and method based on a central node-free ad hoc network. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile internet, the Internet of Things, and smart devices, wireless ad hoc networks (ad hoc networks) have garnered widespread attention in numerous application scenarios, such as the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), drone communications, and smart sensor networks. Ad hoc networks are self-organizing networks composed of multiple nodes without fixed infrastructure. These nodes can connect to each other via wireless communications and dynamically adjust their communication methods based on changes in the network topology. Ad hoc networks have broad application prospects, particularly in military, emergency communications, telemedicine, and disaster relief scenarios. They enable the rapid establishment and operation of communication networks without traditional communications infrastructure. These applications typically require autonomous communication, data transmission, and power control without a central node.

[0003] However, in a centrally located ad hoc network environment, dynamic network topology changes, fluctuating channel quality between nodes, interference, and energy constraints pose significant challenges to power control and link quality management. Power control, a key technology in ad hoc networks, directly impacts network coverage, data transmission quality, and inter-node interference.

[0004] In existing technologies, link quality assessment and power control methods often adopt a centralized network architecture, relying on a central node to manage the entire network. However, in the absence of a central node, the implementation of this centralized approach becomes difficult and inefficient. Many existing algorithms rely solely on a single metric, such as received signal strength (RSSI), to assess link quality. This fails to fully reflect the true state of the link, which is affected by multiple factors. They also ignore other factors, such as node degree and link stability, leading to inaccurate link quality assessments and insufficient dynamic adaptability. For example, in a strong interference environment, even if the RSSI indicates good signal strength, the actual communication quality of the link may be poor due to a high bit error rate.

[0005] Traditional power control methods often only consider communication quality or power consumption, lacking flexible adaptive mechanisms and unable to respond in real time to changes in network topology or node mobility. This results in delayed link quality updates, impacting the timeliness and effectiveness of power control. Furthermore, in energy-constrained wireless devices, this approach fails to effectively address the imbalanced energy distribution among nodes within the network, easily leading to "energy holes" in certain areas and impacting network connectivity. While improving communication performance, excessive power consumption not only degrades network performance but also shortens node lifecycles.

[0006] Therefore, how to design an efficient power control algorithm in a central node-less ad hoc network that takes into account multiple factors such as link quality, interference management, and energy consumption to improve network performance and stability is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a communication power control system and method for a self-organizing network based on a decentralized node, aiming to improve network performance and stability, while extending the lifetime of nodes and networks. By improving link quality assessment, optimizing power adjustment strategies, enhancing interference handling capabilities, and achieving more effective energy management, efficient power control can be achieved in a dynamically changing network environment, thereby improving the overall performance and stability of the network.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] Based on the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a power control system for self-organizing network communication based on a central node, the system comprising:

[0010] Link quality assessment module, used to assess the link quality between a node and its adjacent nodes;

[0011] The power adjustment module is used to calculate and adjust the node's transmit power based on link quality, service requirements, and energy status;

[0012] The channel power coordination module is used to monitor channel interference in real time and dynamically select channels and coordinate power when interference is high;

[0013] Energy-aware limiting module, used to monitor node energy and limit the power adjustment range according to the energy status;

[0014] The information interaction and synchronization module is used to ensure accurate exchange and synchronization of information between nodes.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the link quality assessment module includes:

[0016] The information packet exchange module is used for nodes to periodically exchange information packets about node degree and link stability with adjacent nodes;

[0017] The link quality index calculation module is used to calculate the comprehensive link quality index by combining node degree and link stability.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention, the power adjustment module includes:

[0019] A power adjustment amount calculation module is used to calculate the power adjustment amount according to link quality and service requirements;

[0020] The adjustment strategy control module is used to implement the control of the distributed power adjustment strategy.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention, the channel power coordination module includes:

[0022] The channel switching module is used to select the available channel with the least interference for switching based on the recorded interference level of each channel and the channel usage of adjacent nodes when the current channel interference is too large and affects the link quality;

[0023] The power coordination submodule is used to coordinate power with adjacent nodes after switching channels. The node broadcasts its new channel selection and transmission power information to the adjacent nodes, and the adjacent nodes adjust the transmission power according to their own conditions.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, the energy-aware limiting module includes:

[0025] The remaining energy monitoring module is used for nodes to monitor their own remaining energy in real time and set energy thresholds;

[0026] The power limiting module is used to calculate the power adjustment amount when its own remaining energy is lower than the energy threshold and limit the power adjustment range according to the energy status.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling communication power in an ad hoc network based on a node-less network, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Link quality assessment: Nodes periodically exchange information packets about node degrees and link stability. Based on the node degrees and link stability in the information packets, a comprehensive link quality index is calculated to assess the link quality between the node and its neighboring nodes.

[0029] Step 2: Adaptive power adjustment: Each node calculates the power adjustment amount based on the link quality index and service requirements, and adjusts the transmit power through distributed adaptive control.

[0030] Step 3: Channel selection and power coordination: Nodes monitor channel interference levels in real time and dynamically select available channels for switching when interference is excessive. At the same time, neighboring nodes perform adaptive transmission power coordination.

[0031] Step 4: Energy-aware power adjustment limitation: The node limits the calculated power adjustment amount based on the remaining energy, limiting the power adjustment range;

[0032] Step 5: Information exchange and synchronization: Nodes exchange link quality information and power adjustment information through a distributed synchronization mechanism to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the information.

[0033] As a further solution of the present invention, the link quality assessment includes the following steps:

[0034] Initialize the transmit power of each node and start the link quality assessment module to receive link quality information from adjacent nodes;

[0035] The distributed information interaction and synchronization module is started, and the nodes begin to enter the token competition stage;

[0036] The node that obtains the token sends an information packet containing the node degree and initial link stability. The node degree refers to the number of neighboring nodes that the node is directly connected to; the link stability is determined by the quality of the connection between the node and its neighboring nodes.

[0037] The node that obtains the token periodically exchanges information packets with neighboring nodes. After receiving the information packet containing the node degree and initial link stability from the neighboring node, it calculates the comprehensive link quality index with the neighboring node based on the information in the information packet and the link stability data it monitors.

[0038] The token node transmits the comprehensive link quality index to all adjacent nodes through the information interaction and synchronization module, and each node regularly updates the link stability information.

[0039] As a further solution of the present invention, when calculating the comprehensive link quality index with the adjacent nodes, let the total link connection time of node i with the adjacent node j in the past time T be T ij , the signal intensity fluctuation variance is Then the link stability S ij The calculation formula is:

[0040]

[0041] in, is the preset maximum signal fluctuation variance;

[0042] Comprehensive link quality indicator LQ ij The calculation formula is:

[0043] LQ ij =w1×D ij +w2×S ij

[0044] Where D ij is the node degree difference between node i and node j, w1 and w2 are weight coefficients set according to network characteristics.

[0045] As a further solution of the present invention, calculating the power adjustment amount and adjusting the transmit power through distributed adaptive means includes the following steps:

[0046] The node determines the power adjustment target according to the service demand and link quality index, and calculates the objective function; where the current transmit power of the node is P i , the set of adjacent nodes of a node is N i , then the objective function J i (P i ) is calculated as:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, LQ ij is the comprehensive link quality indicator, The desired link quality indicator is pre-set according to the network's Quality of Service (QoS) requirements;

[0049] A distributed gradient is used to determine the transmit power that minimizes the objective function. The gradient of the transmit power is calculated by derivation, and the power adjustment amount is calculated. The node updates the transmit power based on the calculated power adjustment amount.

[0050] According to the objective function J i (P i ) minimizes the transmission power P i , calculate the gradient of the transmit power by taking the derivative When , the derivative formula is:

[0051]

[0052] Where, Indicates the link quality indicator LQ ij Transmit power P to node i i The partial derivative of .

[0053] As a further solution of the present invention, when calculating the power adjustment amount, the power adjustment amount ΔP i The calculation formula is:

[0054]

[0055] Where μ is the learning rate, which determines the speed of power adjustment. The value of the learning rate needs to be selected according to the dynamic characteristics of the network. After the actual test value is passed, the threshold of μ is set.

[0056] As a further solution of the present invention, when channel selection and power coordination are performed, the node monitors the interference of available channels in real time through spectrum sensing and records the interference level of each channel. c When adjacent nodes perform adaptive transmission power coordination, they use power coordination rules to coordinate power. The power coordination rules are:

[0057] If the interference of neighboring node j on node i on the new channel exceeds a certain threshold I th , then node j reduces its transmission power ΔP j =k×(I j,i -I th ); where k is the coordination coefficient, I j,i is the node-to-node interference.

[0058] As a further solution of the present invention, when a node limits the calculated power adjustment amount according to the residual energy, the node monitors its own residual energy E in real time. i , and set the energy threshold E th ; when E i <E th When ΔP i is a positive value (increase power), it will be adjusted to Where ΔP' i is the adjusted power adjustment to avoid excessive energy consumption; if ΔP i If it is negative (reducing power), maintain ΔP i Unchanged, priority is given to reducing power to save energy.

[0059] In another aspect of the present invention, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, any one of the above-mentioned methods for controlling communication power of a self-organizing network based on a decentralized node according to the present invention is executed.

[0060] In another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed, any one of the above-mentioned methods for controlling communication power of an ad hoc network based on a centerless node according to the present invention is implemented.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes a power control system and method for self-organizing network communication based on a central node, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0062] 1. The present invention introduces a comprehensive link quality evaluation mechanism based on node degree and link stability, which not only takes into account the received signal strength, but also combines multiple factors such as node degree difference, link connection duration and signal fluctuation, so that it can more accurately reflect the real situation of the link, and can quickly respond to the impact of network topology changes and node movement, effectively solving the problems of inaccurate single indicator evaluation and lack of dynamic adaptability in link quality evaluation. By comprehensively evaluating link quality, the accuracy of link evaluation and the adaptability of the network are improved, and the real situation of the link can be more comprehensively reflected, and network topology changes and node movement can be responded to in a timely manner. Secondly, the algorithm adopts distributed adaptive power adjustment decision-making, which enhances the robustness of the network, avoids the risks caused by central node failure, and at the same time improves the efficiency and stability of power adjustment, and better adapts to the dynamic changes of the network.

[0063] 2. The present invention uses distributed adaptive power adjustment, enabling each node to make autonomous power adjustment decisions based on its own business needs and the latest link quality assessment results, without relying on a central node for centralized control. By using a distributed gradient algorithm to minimize the objective function, intelligent adaptive adjustment of transmit power is achieved, improving the efficiency and stability of the entire network. Furthermore, through interference-aware dynamic channel selection and power coordination, spectrum sensing technology is used to actively monitor and select available channels with minimal interference. Power coordination is performed on adjacent nodes after switching channels, improving the network's interference handling capabilities, proactively avoiding interference, and reducing mutual interference between nodes through a comprehensive interference coordination mechanism, thereby optimizing network performance.

[0064] 3. This invention uses energy-aware power adjustment limits. By real-time monitoring of the remaining energy of nodes, it can reasonably limit power adjustments while ensuring communication performance, thereby extending the lifespan of nodes and the entire network. Furthermore, by setting reasonable energy thresholds, it ensures that good energy efficiency can be maintained even when the network load is high. In terms of energy management, this invention considers energy balance and the trade-off between energy consumption and performance, avoiding the "energy hole" phenomenon, extending the lifespan of nodes and networks, and simultaneously meeting communication performance requirements. Distributed synchronization and information interaction ensure the orderliness and accuracy of information exchange, reducing information transmission overhead and improving the algorithm's operational efficiency.

[0065] In summary, the power control system and method of the self-organizing network communication based on a centerless node of the present invention realizes efficient power control in the self-organizing network without a centerless node, improves the overall performance and stability of the network, and has important practical application value and broad market prospects.

[0066] These and other aspects of the present application will be more clearly understood in the following description of the embodiments. It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory and cannot limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the exemplary embodiments or related technical descriptions. The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0068] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for controlling communication power in an ad hoc network without a central node.

[0069] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of link quality evaluation in a power control method for a self-organizing network communication based on a centerless node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 3 The present invention is a flowchart of an adaptive power adjustment method for communication power control in an ad hoc network based on a centerless node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 4 The present invention is a flowchart of channel selection and power coordination in a power control method for self-organizing network communication based on a central node in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 5 The present invention is a flowchart of energy-aware power adjustment limitation in a power control method for ad hoc network communication based on a central node in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 6 The present invention is a flowchart of information interaction and synchronization in a power control method for a self-organizing network communication based on a centerless node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 7 The present invention is a flowchart of a complete implementation of a method for controlling communication power in an ad hoc network without a central node according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] Below, the present application is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0076] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0077] It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to distinguish two non-identical entities or non-identical parameters with the same name. Therefore, "first" and "second" are used for convenience only and should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "including" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such as other steps or units inherent to a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units.

[0078] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0079] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not necessarily include all contents and operations / steps, nor must they be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps may be decomposed, combined, or partially merged, so the actual execution order may vary depending on the actual situation.

[0080] The following describes some embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features therein may be combined with each other.

[0081] The present invention proposes a communication power control system and method for an ad hoc network based on a central node, aiming to improve network performance and stability by improving link quality assessment, optimizing power adjustment strategy, enhancing interference handling capability, and achieving more effective energy management.

[0082] In one embodiment of the present invention, a power control system for self-organizing network communication based on a decentralized node is provided. The system includes a link quality assessment module, a power adjustment module, a channel power coordination module, an energy-aware limiting module, and an information interaction and synchronization module. The link quality assessment module is used to assess the link quality between a node and an adjacent node; the power adjustment module is used to calculate and adjust the node's transmission power based on link quality, service requirements, and energy status; the channel power coordination module is used to monitor channel interference in real time and dynamically select channels and coordinate power when interference is high; the energy-aware limiting module is used to monitor node energy and limit the power adjustment range based on energy status; and the information interaction and synchronization module is used to ensure accurate information exchange and synchronization between nodes.

[0083] In this embodiment, the link quality assessment module includes an information packet exchange module and a link quality index calculation module. The information packet exchange module is used for the node to periodically exchange information packets of node degree and link stability with adjacent nodes; the link quality index calculation module is used to calculate the comprehensive link quality index that combines node degree and link stability.

[0084] In this embodiment, the power adjustment module includes a power adjustment amount calculation module and an adjustment strategy control module. The power adjustment amount calculation module is used to calculate the power adjustment amount according to link quality and service requirements; the adjustment strategy control module is used to implement distributed power adjustment strategy control.

[0085] In this embodiment, the channel power coordination module includes a channel switching module and a power coordination submodule; the channel switching module is used to select the available channel with the least interference for switching based on the recorded interference level of each channel and the channel usage of the adjacent nodes when the current channel interference is too large and affects the link quality; the power coordination submodule is used to coordinate power with the adjacent nodes after switching the channel, and the node broadcasts its new channel selection and transmission power information to the adjacent nodes, and the adjacent nodes adjust the transmission power according to their own conditions.

[0086] In this embodiment, the energy perception and limitation module includes a residual energy monitoring module and a power limitation module; the residual energy monitoring module is used for the node to monitor its own residual energy in real time and set an energy threshold; the power limitation module is used to calculate the power adjustment amount when its own residual energy is lower than the energy threshold, and limit the power adjustment range according to the energy status.

[0087] The self-organizing network communication power control system based on a central node in this embodiment solves the problems existing in the prior art through the above-mentioned modules. First, in order to address the problems of inaccurate single indicator evaluation and lack of dynamic adaptability in link quality evaluation, this embodiment introduces a comprehensive link quality evaluation mechanism based on node degree and link stability through a link quality evaluation module. It not only takes into account the received signal strength, but also combines multiple factors such as node degree difference, link connection duration and signal fluctuation, so as to more accurately reflect the actual status of the link and quickly respond to the impact of network topology changes and node movement.

[0088] Secondly, regarding power adjustment strategies, the present invention utilizes a distributed power adjustment module, enabling each node to make autonomous power adjustment decisions based on its own service needs (such as real-time or non-real-time services) and the latest link quality assessment results, eliminating the need for centralized control by a central node. By minimizing the objective function using a distributed gradient algorithm, intelligent adaptive adjustment of transmit power is achieved, improving the efficiency and stability of the entire network.

[0089] In addition, in order to address the shortcomings in interference processing, the present invention uses spectrum sensing technology through an interference-aware channel power coordination module to actively monitor and select available channels with the least interference, and at the same time coordinate the power of adjacent nodes after switching channels, effectively reducing mutual interference between nodes and avoiding the occurrence of aggravated interference.

[0090] Finally, considering the limited energy consumption of nodes, the present invention also incorporates an energy-aware power coordination module. By real-time monitoring of node residual energy, it is possible to reasonably limit power adjustments while ensuring communication performance, extending the lifespan of the node and the entire network. By setting appropriate energy thresholds, it ensures good energy efficiency even under high network loads. Furthermore, through the information exchange and synchronization module, a token-passing synchronization method and an efficient message format design ensure the orderliness and accuracy of information exchange in a decentralized ad hoc network, reducing information transmission overhead.

[0091] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling communication power in an ad hoc network based on a node-less network, the method comprising the following steps:

[0092] Step S10, link quality assessment: Nodes periodically exchange information packets about node degrees and link stability, calculate a comprehensive link quality index based on the node degrees and link stability in the information packets, and assess the link quality between the node and its neighboring nodes;

[0093] Step S20, adaptive power adjustment: each node calculates the power adjustment amount based on the link quality index and service requirements, and adjusts the transmit power through distributed adaptive adjustment;

[0094] Step S30, channel selection and power coordination: The node monitors the channel interference level in real time and dynamically selects an available channel for switching when the interference is too large. At the same time, adjacent nodes perform adaptive transmission power coordination;

[0095] Step S40, energy-aware power adjustment limitation: the node limits the calculated power adjustment amount according to the remaining energy, thereby limiting the power adjustment range;

[0096] Step S50, information interaction and synchronization: Nodes exchange link quality information and power adjustment information through a distributed synchronization mechanism to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the information.

[0097] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in step S10, the link quality evaluation includes the following steps:

[0098] Initialize the transmit power of each node and start the link quality assessment module to receive link quality information from adjacent nodes;

[0099] The distributed information interaction and synchronization module is started, and the nodes begin to enter the token competition stage;

[0100] The node that obtains the token sends an information packet containing the node degree and initial link stability;

[0101] The node that obtains the token periodically exchanges information packets with neighboring nodes. After receiving the information packet containing the node degree and initial link stability from the neighboring node, it calculates the comprehensive link quality index with the neighboring node based on the information in the information packet and the link stability data it monitors.

[0102] The token node transmits the comprehensive link quality index to all adjacent nodes through the information interaction and synchronization module, and each node regularly updates the link stability information.

[0103] Among them, node degree refers to the number of neighboring nodes that a node is directly connected to; link stability is determined by the connection quality between a node and its neighboring nodes, and is calculated by monitoring the link connection duration and signal fluctuations with neighboring nodes over a period of time. When calculating the comprehensive link quality index with neighboring nodes, let the total link connection time of node i with neighboring node j in the past time T be T ij , the signal intensity fluctuation variance is Then the link stability S ij The calculation formula is:

[0104]

[0105] in, is the preset maximum signal fluctuation variance;

[0106] In this embodiment, the comprehensive link quality indicator LQ ij The calculation formula is:

[0107] LQ ij =w1×D ij +w2×S ij

[0108] Where D ij is the node degree difference between node i and node j, w1 and w2 are weight coefficients set according to network characteristics.

[0109] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in step S20, in a self-organizing network without a central node, each node needs to autonomously and intelligently determine the power adjustment strategy based on its own status and the status of its neighboring nodes. Because the network has no central node for unified regulation, the nodes must have the ability to make independent decisions to adapt to the distributed nature of the network. When evaluating link quality and service needs, the nodes are first classified according to their own service needs. For example, for real-time services (such as voice calls), the nodes will pay more attention to low latency; for non-real-time services (such as file transfers), the nodes will pay more attention to energy efficiency.

[0110] In step S20, the power adjustment amount is calculated and the transmit power is adjusted through distributed adaptive means, including the following steps:

[0111] The node determines the power adjustment target according to the service demand and link quality index, and calculates the objective function; where the current transmit power of the node is P i , the set of adjacent nodes of a node is N i , then the objective function J i (P i ) is calculated as:

[0112]

[0113] Among them, LQ ij is the comprehensive link quality indicator, The desired link quality indicator is pre-set according to the network's Quality of Service (QoS) requirements;

[0114] A distributed gradient algorithm is used to determine the transmit power that minimizes the objective function. The gradient of the transmit power is calculated by derivative, and the power adjustment amount is calculated. The node updates the transmit power based on the calculated power adjustment amount.

[0115] According to the objective function J i (P i ) minimizes the transmission power P i , calculate the gradient of the transmit power by taking the derivative When , the derivative formula is:

[0116]

[0117] Where, Indicates the link quality indicator LQ ij Transmit power P to node i i The calculation method depends on the partial derivative of LQ in the link quality assessment module. ij With P i The specific functional relationship of .

[0118] In this embodiment, when calculating the power adjustment amount, the power adjustment amount ΔP i The calculation formula is:

[0119]

[0120] Where μ is the learning rate, which determines the speed of power adjustment. The value of the learning rate needs to be selected according to the dynamic characteristics of the network. After the actual test value is passed, the threshold of μ is set.

[0121] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in step S30, when channel selection and power coordination are performed, interference-aware dynamic channel selection and power coordination are used to effectively cope with the complex and changeable interference environment in the ad hoc network without a central node, and improve the overall network performance by dynamically selecting channels and coordinating power.

[0122] In this embodiment, when channel selection and power coordination are performed, the node monitors the interference of available channels in real time through spectrum sensing and records the interference level of each channel. c When adjacent nodes perform adaptive transmission power coordination, they use power coordination rules to coordinate power. The power coordination rules are:

[0123] If the interference of neighboring node j on node i on the new channel exceeds a certain threshold I th , then node j reduces its transmission power ΔP j =k×(I j,i -I th ); where k is the coordination coefficient, I j,i is the node-to-node interference.

[0124] See also Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, in step S40, when the node limits the calculated power adjustment amount according to the remaining energy, the node monitors its own remaining energy E in real time. i , and set the energy threshold E th ; when E i <E th When ΔP i is a positive value (increase power), it will be adjusted to Where ΔP' i is the adjusted power adjustment to avoid excessive energy consumption; if ΔP i If it is negative (reducing power), maintain ΔP i Unchanged, priority is given to reducing power to save energy.

[0125] See also Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment is based on a power control method for self-organizing network communication without a central node, adopts distributed synchronization (this patent adopts a synchronization method based on token passing), and the nodes interact with each other in a certain order. For example, nodes obtain tokens through competition, and only nodes holding tokens can send information (such as link quality information, power adjustment information, etc.), and other nodes receive and process the information. Through efficient information formats and interactive protocols, the information transmission overhead is reduced. The information of the link quality assessment module, the decision results of the power adjustment decision module, etc. are packaged into a data packet in a unified format for transmission, and the data packet contains necessary information such as node identification, timestamp, data content, etc. to ensure the integrity and identifiability of the information.

[0126] See also Figure 7 As shown, the complete implementation process of the power control method for self-organizing network communication based on a central node in this embodiment is as follows:

[0127] 1. Initialization and information exchange start:

[0128] ① The nodes in the network initialize their own transmission power to an appropriate initial value (determined according to factors such as node hardware and expected network coverage) and start each algorithm module.

[0129] ② The distributed information interaction and synchronization module is started, and the nodes begin to compete for tokens. The node that obtains the token first sends its own node degree and initial link stability information, which other nodes receive and record.

[0130] 2. Link quality assessment and information update:

[0131] ① The link quality evaluation module based on node degree and link stability calculates the link quality index LQ with adjacent nodes based on the received information and its own monitoring data. ijThe results are then transmitted to adjacent nodes through the distributed synchronization and information interaction module.

[0132] ② The node regularly updates the link stability information and continues to monitor the changes in node degree in preparation for the next round of link quality assessment.

[0133] 3. Power adjustment decision calculation:

[0134] ① Distributed adaptive power adjustment module based on link quality index LQ ij , its own business needs and the energy information provided by the power adjustment module based on energy perception, calculate the transmission power adjustment amount ΔP i .

[0135] ② The node temporarily stores the calculated power adjustment amount and waits for the processing result of the channel power coordination module of the interference-aware dynamic channel selection and power coordination.

[0136] 4. Interference perception processing and power coordination:

[0137] ① The interference-aware channel power coordination module monitors channel interference and determines whether a channel switch is necessary. If a switch is necessary, it selects a suitable channel and notifies neighboring nodes. It also coordinates power based on the interference situation of neighboring nodes, adjusting the transmit power of itself and its neighbors.

[0138] ② If channel switching is not required, power coordination is performed directly to ensure that the interference between nodes is within an acceptable range.

[0139] 5. Power adjustment execution and energy monitoring:

[0140] ① After interference perception processing and power coordination, the node finally determines the transmit power adjustment amount. The energy perception limiting module based on energy perception checks again whether the adjustment amount meets the energy limit requirements and makes final adjustments if necessary.

[0141] ② The node performs transmission power adjustment and monitors its own remaining energy E in real time i , the energy information is fed back to the power adjustment module so that subsequent decisions can take energy factors into account.

[0142] 6. Synchronization and loop optimization:

[0143] ① The distributed information exchange and synchronization module continues to maintain synchronization between nodes, ensuring orderly information exchange. Once all nodes complete a round of power adjustment, the entire process repeats, continuously optimizing the power control strategy based on network status changes, adapting to the dynamic characteristics of ad hoc networks without central nodes, and improving network performance and stability.

[0144] Therefore, the present invention introduces a comprehensive link quality evaluation mechanism based on node degree and link stability, which not only takes into account the received signal strength, but also combines multiple factors such as node degree difference, link connection duration and signal fluctuation, so as to more accurately reflect the real situation of the link, and can quickly respond to the impact of network topology changes and node movement, effectively solving the problems of inaccurate single indicator evaluation and lack of dynamic adaptability in link quality evaluation. By comprehensively evaluating link quality, the accuracy of link evaluation and the adaptability of the network are improved, and the real situation of the link can be more comprehensively reflected, and network topology changes and node movement can be responded to in a timely manner. Secondly, the algorithm adopts distributed adaptive power adjustment decision-making, which enhances the robustness of the network, avoids the risks caused by central node failure, and improves the efficiency and stability of power adjustment, and better adapts to the dynamic changes of the network.

[0145] This invention uses distributed adaptive power adjustment, enabling each node to make autonomous power adjustment decisions based on its own business needs and the latest link quality assessment results, without relying on a central node for centralized control. By minimizing the objective function using a distributed gradient algorithm, intelligent adaptive adjustment of transmit power is achieved, improving the efficiency and stability of the entire network. Furthermore, through interference-aware dynamic channel selection and power coordination, spectrum sensing technology is used to actively monitor and select available channels with minimal interference. Power coordination is also performed on adjacent nodes after switching channels, improving the network's interference handling capabilities, proactively avoiding interference, and reducing mutual interference between nodes through a comprehensive interference coordination mechanism, thereby optimizing network performance.

[0146] This invention utilizes energy-aware power adjustment limits. By monitoring the remaining energy of nodes in real time, it can reasonably limit power adjustments while ensuring communication performance, thereby extending the lifespan of nodes and the entire network. Furthermore, by setting reasonable energy thresholds, it ensures good energy efficiency even when the network load is high. In terms of energy management, this invention considers energy balance and the trade-off between energy consumption and performance, avoiding the "energy hole" phenomenon, extending the lifespan of nodes and networks while meeting communication performance requirements. Distributed synchronization and information interaction ensure the orderliness and accuracy of information exchange, reducing information transmission overhead and improving the algorithm's operational efficiency.

[0147] In summary, the power control system and method of the self-organizing network communication based on a centerless node of the present invention realizes efficient power control in the self-organizing network without a centerless node, improves the overall performance and stability of the network, and has important practical application value and broad market prospects.

[0148] It should be noted that the above figures are merely illustrative of the processes included in the method according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting. It is readily understood that the processes illustrated in the above figures do not indicate or limit the temporal order of these processes. Furthermore, it is readily understood that these processes may be executed synchronously or asynchronously, for example, in multiple modules.

[0149] It should be understood that, although the above is described in a certain order, these steps are not necessarily performed in sequence according to the above order. Unless clearly stated herein, the execution of these steps does not have strict order restrictions, and these steps can be performed in other orders. Moreover, a part of the steps of the present embodiment may include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily performed at the same time, but can be performed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily performed in sequence, but can be performed in turn or alternately with at least a portion of the steps or stages in other steps or other steps.

[0150] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method of any one of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0151] The computer device includes a processor and a memory, and may also include an input system and an output system. The processor, memory, input system, and output system may be connected via a bus or other means. The input system may receive input digital or character information and generate signal input related to the migration of the power control method for communication in an ad hoc network based on a decentralized node. The output system may include a display device such as a display screen.

[0152] As a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, the memory can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the power control method for self-organizing network communication based on a central node in the embodiment of the present application. The memory may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system and application programs required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created by the use of the power control method for self-organizing network communication based on a central node, etc. In addition, the memory may include a high-speed random access memory and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include a memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the local module via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0153] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other data processing chip in some embodiments. The processor is generally used to control the overall operation of the computer device. In the present embodiment, the processor is used to run the program code stored in the memory or process data. The processors of the multiple computer devices of the computer device of the present embodiment execute various functional applications and data processing of the server by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory, i.e., implementing the steps of the self-organizing network communication power control method based on the non-central node of the above-mentioned method embodiment.

[0154] It should be understood that, to the extent that they do not conflict with each other, all the embodiments, features and advantages described above for the self-organizing network communication power control method based on a centerless node according to the present invention are also applicable to the self-organizing network communication power control method based on a centerless node according to the present invention.

[0155] It will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, circuits and algorithmic steps described in conjunction with the disclosure herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, a general description has been given of the functions of various schematic components, blocks, modules, circuits and steps. Whether this function is implemented as software or hardware depends on specific applications and the design constraints imposed on the entire system. Those skilled in the art can implement the function in various ways for each specific application, but this implementation decision should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the disclosed scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0156] Finally, it should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium (e.g., memory) herein may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. By way of example and not limitation, non-volatile memory may include a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. Volatile memory may include a random access memory (RAM), which may act as an external cache memory. By way of example and not limitation, RAM may be obtained in a variety of forms, such as synchronous RAM (DRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The storage devices of the disclosed aspects are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and other suitable types of memory.

[0157] The various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or executed using a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of these components. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP, and / or any other such configuration.

[0158] The above are exemplary embodiments disclosed in the present invention, but it should be noted that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the embodiments disclosed in the claims. The functions, steps and / or actions of the method claims according to the disclosed embodiments described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. In addition, although the elements disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be described or required in individual form, they may also be understood as multiple unless expressly limited to the singular.

[0159] It should be understood that, as used herein, the singular form "a" or "an" is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly supports an exception. It should also be understood that, as used herein, "and / or" refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the items listed in association. The serial numbers of the embodiments disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0160] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the spirit of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the above embodiments of the present invention, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power control system for self-organizing network communication based on a central node, characterized in that: The system includes: Link quality assessment module, used to assess the link quality between a node and its adjacent nodes; The power adjustment module is used to calculate and adjust the node's transmit power based on link quality, service requirements, and energy status; The channel power coordination module is used to monitor channel interference in real time and dynamically select channels and coordinate power when interference is high; Energy-aware limiting module, used to monitor node energy and limit the power adjustment range according to the energy status; Information interaction and synchronization module, used to ensure accurate information exchange and synchronization between nodes; Wherein, the link quality assessment module includes: The information packet exchange module is used for nodes to periodically exchange information packets about node degree and link stability with adjacent nodes; Link quality index calculation module, used to calculate the comprehensive link quality index by combining node degree and link stability; The power adjustment module includes: A power adjustment amount calculation module is used to calculate the power adjustment amount according to link quality and service requirements; An adjustment strategy control module, used to implement the control of distributed power adjustment strategy; The link quality assessment module is used for link quality assessment, and the link quality assessment includes the following steps: Initialize the transmit power of each node and start the link quality assessment module to receive link quality information from adjacent nodes; The distributed information interaction and synchronization module is started, and the nodes begin to enter the token competition stage; The node that obtains the token sends an information packet containing the node degree and initial link stability. The node degree refers to the number of neighboring nodes that the node is directly connected to; the link stability is determined by the quality of the connection between the node and its neighboring nodes. The node that obtains the token periodically exchanges information packets with neighboring nodes. After receiving the information packet containing the node degree and initial link stability from the neighboring node, it calculates the comprehensive link quality index with the neighboring node based on the information in the information packet and the link stability data it monitors. The token node transmits the comprehensive link quality index to all adjacent nodes through the information interaction and synchronization module, and each node regularly updates the link stability information; When calculating the comprehensive link quality index with adjacent nodes, assume that the node In the past Internal and adjacent nodes The total link connection time is , the signal intensity fluctuation variance is , then the link stability The calculation formula is: ， in, is the preset maximum signal fluctuation variance; Comprehensive link quality indicators The calculation formula is: ， Where, For nodes With node The node degree difference between and is the weight coefficient set according to the network characteristics.

2. The power control system for self-organizing network communication based on no central node according to claim 1, characterized in that: The channel power coordination module includes: The channel switching module is used to select the available channel with the least interference for switching based on the recorded interference level of each channel and the channel usage of adjacent nodes when the current channel interference is too large and affects the link quality; The power coordination submodule is used to coordinate power with adjacent nodes after switching channels. The node broadcasts its new channel selection and transmission power information to the adjacent nodes, and the adjacent nodes adjust the transmission power according to their own conditions.

3. The power control system for self-organizing network communication based on no central node according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-aware limiting module includes: The remaining energy monitoring module is used for nodes to monitor their own remaining energy in real time and set energy thresholds; The power limiting module is used to calculate the power adjustment amount when its own remaining energy is lower than the energy threshold and limit the power adjustment range according to the energy status.

4. A method for controlling power of a self-organizing network communication based on a node-less network, characterized in that: The method is executed based on the power control system for self-organizing network communication without a central node according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and comprises the following steps: Step 1: Link quality assessment: Nodes periodically exchange information packets about node degrees and link stability. Based on the node degrees and link stability in the information packets, a comprehensive link quality index is calculated to assess the link quality between the node and its neighboring nodes. Step 2: Adaptive power adjustment: Each node calculates the power adjustment amount based on the link quality index and service requirements, and adjusts the transmit power through distributed adaptive control. Step 3: Channel selection and power coordination: Nodes monitor channel interference levels in real time and dynamically select available channels for switching when interference is excessive. At the same time, neighboring nodes perform adaptive transmission power coordination. Step 4: Energy-aware power adjustment limitation: The node limits the calculated power adjustment amount based on the remaining energy, limiting the power adjustment range; Step 5: Information exchange and synchronization: Nodes exchange link quality information and power adjustment information through a distributed synchronization mechanism. The link quality assessment includes the following steps: Initialize the transmit power of each node and start the link quality assessment module to receive link quality information from adjacent nodes; The distributed information interaction and synchronization module is started, and the nodes begin to enter the token competition stage; The node that obtains the token sends an information packet containing the node degree and initial link stability. The node degree refers to the number of neighboring nodes that the node is directly connected to; the link stability is determined by the quality of the connection between the node and its neighboring nodes. The node that obtains the token periodically exchanges information packets with neighboring nodes. After receiving the information packet containing the node degree and initial link stability from the neighboring node, it calculates the comprehensive link quality index with the neighboring node based on the information in the information packet and the link stability data it monitors. The token node transmits the comprehensive link quality index to all adjacent nodes through the information interaction and synchronization module, and each node regularly updates the link stability information; When calculating the comprehensive link quality index with adjacent nodes, assume that the node In the past Internal and adjacent nodes The total link connection time is , the signal intensity fluctuation variance is , then the link stability The calculation formula is: ， in, is the preset maximum signal fluctuation variance; Comprehensive link quality indicators The calculation formula is: ， Where, For nodes With node The node degree difference between and is the weight coefficient set according to the network characteristics.

5. The method for controlling power of a self-organizing network communication based on a centerless node according to claim 4, wherein: Calculating the power adjustment amount and adjusting the transmit power through distributed adaptive means includes the following steps: The node determines the power adjustment target according to the service demand and link quality index, and calculates the objective function; where the current transmission power of the node is , the set of adjacent nodes of a node is , then the objective function The calculation formula is: ， in, is the comprehensive link quality indicator, is the expected link quality indicator; A distributed gradient is used to determine the transmit power that minimizes the objective function. The gradient of the transmit power is calculated by derivation, and the power adjustment amount is calculated. The node updates the transmit power based on the calculated power adjustment amount. According to the objective function Minimized transmit power , calculate the gradient of the transmit power by taking the derivative When , the derivative formula is: ， Where, Link quality indicator For Node Transmit power The partial derivative of When calculating the power adjustment, the power adjustment The calculation formula is: ， Where, is the learning rate, the learning rate Determines the speed of power adjustment.

6. The method for controlling power of a self-organizing network communication based on a centerless node according to claim 5, wherein: When selecting channels and coordinating power, nodes monitor the interference of available channels in real time through spectrum sensing and record the interference level of each channel. When adjacent nodes perform adaptive transmission power coordination, they use power coordination rules to coordinate power. The power coordination rules are: If the adjacent nodes Nodes on the new channel The interference exceeds a certain threshold , then the node Reduce transmit power ;in, is the coordination coefficient, is the node-to-node interference.

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