Techniques for timing adjustment

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may obtain updated location information and determine a time difference between previous communications with a network and scheduled uplink transmissions. Based on the determined time difference, the UE may determine a timing advance component of a timing advance (TA) value for application to the uplink transmission, and transmit an uplink message in the uplink transmission according to the determined TA value and the location information. In some examples, the time difference may be based on a first duration between the uplink transmission and a previous uplink transmission, a second duration between the uplink transmission and a previous TA command received from the network, or both. In some examples, the determined TA value may be based on additional parameters, such as an autonomous adjustment step, an aggregate adjustment rate, a scaling factor, or any combination thereof.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. patent application No. 17 / 892,825, entitled “TECHNIQUES FORTIMING ADJUSTMENT,” filed by Ji et al. on August 22, 2023, which is assigned to the assignee of this application and is expressly incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] introduction

[0004] The following relates to wireless communications, including timing techniques.

[0005] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and the like. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems (such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, advanced LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ techniques such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations, each of which supports wireless communications for communication devices, which may be referred to as user equipment (UE). Summary of the invention

[0006] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include: sending a first message according to a first value for a timing advance (TA) component, the first value based on first location information associated with the UE; obtaining second location information associated with the UE, the second location information being different from the first location information; and sending a second message according to a second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE.

[0007] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor may be configured to: send a first message according to a first value for a TA component, the first value based on first location information associated with the UE; obtain second location information associated with the UE, the second location information being different from the first location information; and send a second message according to a second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE.

[0008] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include: means for sending a first message based on a first value for a TA component, the first value based on first location information associated with the UE; means for obtaining second location information associated with the UE, the second location information being different from the first location information; and means for sending a second message based on a second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE.

[0009] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: send a first message according to a first value for a TA component, the first value based on first location information associated with the UE; obtain second location information associated with the UE, the second location information being different from the first location information; and send a second message according to a second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE.

[0010] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, sending a second message may include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending the second message based on a time difference, wherein the time difference may be based on a first duration between a first previous communication in at least one previous communication and a sending timing of the second message, a second duration between a second previous communication in at least one previous communication and a sending timing of the second message, or both.

[0011] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media herein, the time difference may be a lower duration of the first duration and the second duration.

[0012] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first previous communication includes a first message and the second previous communication includes a previous TA command, and the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media may include further operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving a previous TA command from a network entity.

[0013] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, sending a second message may include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending a second message based on a second value, where the second value may be based on an autonomous adjustment step, an aggregate adjustment rate, a scaling factor, or any combination thereof.

[0014] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving, from a network entity, a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value, wherein the second message may be sent according to the second value based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0015] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining that a time difference satisfies a threshold, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes the time difference satisfying the threshold.

[0016] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining, based on the second location information, that a location change of the UE satisfies one or more thresholds, wherein the location change is based on the first location information and the second location information, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes that the location change of the UE satisfies one or more thresholds.

[0017] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining, based on the second location information, that a change associated with the TA component satisfies one or more thresholds, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes that the change associated with the TA component satisfies one or more thresholds.

[0018] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an indication from a network entity that the UE may want to determine a second value, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes the UE receiving the indication.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media herein, sending the second message may include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending the second message via a random access channel based on the time difference satisfying a threshold.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media herein, sending the second message may include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending the second message to a network entity supporting non-terrestrial network (NTN) communications for the UE.

[0021] A method of wireless communication at a network entity is described. The method may include: obtaining a first message based on a first value for a TA component, the first value based on first location information associated with a UE; outputting a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value; and obtaining a second message based on the second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0022] An apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity is described. The apparatus may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor may be configured to: obtain a first message based on a first value for a TA component, the first value based on first location information associated with a UE; output a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value; and obtain a second message based on the second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0023] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity is described. The apparatus may include: means for obtaining a first message based on a first value for a TA component, the first value based on first location information associated with a UE; means for outputting a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value; and means for obtaining a second message based on the second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0024] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a network entity is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: obtain a first message based on a first value for a TA component, the first value based on first location information associated with a UE; output a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value; and obtain a second message based on the second value for the TA component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0025] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for outputting an indication that the UE may want to determine a second value, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes outputting the indication.

[0026] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, obtaining the second message may include operations, features, components, or instructions for obtaining the second message via a random access channel.

[0027] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media herein, a network entity supports NTN communications for a UE. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0029] Figure 2 An example of a network architecture supporting techniques for timing adjustment in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0030] Figure 3 An example of a wireless communication system supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0031] Figure 4 An example of a process flow supporting techniques for timing adjustment in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0032] Figure 5 and Figure 6 A block diagram of a device supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0033] Figure 7 A block diagram of a communications manager supporting techniques for timing adjustment in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0034] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a system including a device supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0035] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 A block diagram of a device supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0036] Fig.11 A block diagram of a communications manager supporting techniques for timing adjustment in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0037] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a system including a device supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0038] Figures 13 to 15 A flow chart illustrating a method of supporting techniques for timing adjustment in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In NTN, the UE may be configured to use a TA value to compensate for adjustments to communication delays based on changes in the UE's location. The UE may receive a TA command from a network entity and determine a TA value to be applied to uplink transmissions. The TA value may be based on one or more TA components, including a TA component that the UE may determine based on its own location information and / or satellite positioning. However, in some cases, the UE may obtain updated location information without an updated TA command. In this case, if the UE does not update its TA value based on the updated location information, the reliability of the uplink transmission may be affected until the UE receives a new TA command.

[0040] As described herein, the UE may use location information and / or satellite positioning to determine a TA component for sending an uplink message, for example, when a TA command is not received. For example, the UE may obtain updated location information and determine a time difference between a previous communication with the network and a scheduled uplink transmission. Based on the determined time difference, the UE may determine a TA component of the TA value to apply to the uplink transmission, and send an uplink message in the uplink transmission based on the determined TA value and the location information. In some examples, the time difference may be based on a first duration between the uplink transmission and a previous uplink transmission, a second duration between the uplink transmission and a previous TA command received from the network, or both. For example, the time difference may be the minimum of the first duration and the second duration. In some examples, the determined TA value may be based on additional parameters, such as an autonomous adjustment step (T q ), total adjustment rate (Tp ), scaling factor (α), or any combination thereof.

[0041] By implementing one or more of the described techniques for timing adjustment, devices of a wireless communication system may be able to efficiently implement a transmission scheme based on an updated location in a timely manner that increases data throughput and improves latency, which may correspond to improved power consumption and communication reliability, among other considerations. For example, based on obtaining updated location information, a UE may more reliably transmit data, which may increase data throughput and improve latency by reducing dropped or failed transmissions.

[0042] One or more aspects of the present disclosure are first described in the context of wireless communication systems. One or more aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated by process flows, device diagrams, system diagrams, and flow charts involving techniques for timing adjustment and are described with reference to these figures.

[0043] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating according to other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0044] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100, and may include devices in different forms or with different capabilities. In various examples, the network entities 105 may be referred to as network elements, mobility elements, radio access network (RAN) nodes, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, the network entities 105 and the UE 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, the network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) within which the UE 115 and the network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area within which the network entity 105 and the UE 115 may support signal communications according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0045] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile or both stationary and mobile at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communication with various types of devices such as Figure 1 Other UEs 115 or network entities 105 are shown communicating.

[0046] As described herein, a node of the wireless communication system 100 (which may be referred to as a network node or a wireless node) may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, the node may be a UE 115. As another example, the node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, references to UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, etc. may include disclosure of UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, etc. as nodes. For example, a disclosure that UE 115 is configured to receive information from network entity 105 also discloses that the first node is configured to receive information from the second node. Consistent with the present disclosure, once a specific example is expanded according to the present disclosure (e.g., UE 115 is configured to receive information from network entity 105 also discloses that the first network node is configured to receive information from the second network node), the broader example of the narrower example may be interpreted inversely, but in a broad, open-ended manner. In the above example in which UE 115 is configured to receive information from a base station, it is also disclosed that the first network node is configured to receive information from a second network node, and the first network node may refer to a first UE 115 configured to receive information, a first network entity 105, a first device, a first equipment, a first computing system, a first one or more components, a first processing entity, etc.; and the second network node may refer to a second UE 115, a second network entity 105, a second device, a second equipment, a second computing system, a second one or more components, a second processing entity, etc.

[0047] As described herein, different terms may be used in various aspects to describe the communication of information (e.g., any information, signal, etc.). Disclosure of one communication term includes disclosure of other communication terms. For example, a first network node may be described as being configured to send information to a second network node. In this example and consistent with the present disclosure, disclosure that the first network node is configured to send information to the second network node includes disclosure that the first network node is configured to provide, transmit, output, communicate, or send information to the second network node. Similarly, in this example and consistent with the present disclosure, disclosure that the first network node is configured to send information to the second network node includes disclosure that the second network node is configured to receive, obtain, or decode information provided, transmitted, output, communicated, or sent by the first network node.

[0048] In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with each other, or both. For example, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other via the backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to X2, Xn, or other interface protocols) directly (e.g., directly between the network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other via the midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., according to the midhaul interface protocol) or the fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., according to the fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication links 120, the midhaul communication links 162, or the fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, optical fiber links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc. or various combinations thereof. UE 115 may communicate with core network 130 via communication link 155 .

[0049] One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a transceiver base station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), a next-generation Node B, or a Gigabit Node B (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), a Home Node B, a Home Evolved Node B, or other suitable terms). In some examples, the network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, stand-alone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as a base station 140).

[0050] In some examples, the network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, the network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a near real-time RIC (near RT RIC), a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC)), a service management and orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. The RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmit receive point (TRP). One or more components of the network entity 105 in the decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 of the decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0051] The functional split between CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities, depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between CU 160 and DU 165, such that CU 160 may support one or more layers of a protocol stack and DU 165 may support one or more different layers of a protocol stack. In some examples, CU 160 may host higher protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170, and the one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170 may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between the DUs 165 and the RUs 170, such that the DUs 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and the RUs 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DUs 165 may support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs 170). In some cases, the functional split between CU 160 and DU 165 or between DU 165 and RU 170 may be within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer may be performed by one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by different ones of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). CU 160 may be further functionally split into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 via midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and DU 165 may be connected to one or more RUs 170 via fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, midhaul communication link 162 or fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented based on an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 105 that communicate via such communication links.

[0052] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., wireless communication system 100), infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be controlled in part by one or more CUs 160 associated with a donor network entity 105 (e.g., a donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication links 120). The IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by a coupled IAB donor's DU 165. The IAB-MT may include an independent set of antennas for relaying communications with the UE 115, or may share the same antennas of the IAB node 104 (e.g., of the RU 170) for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, the IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115) within a relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of the IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0053] Where the techniques described herein are applied in the context of a decomposed RAN architecture, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture may be configured to support PEI in an NTN as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., an IAB node 104, a DU 165, a CU 160, a RU 170, a RIC 175, a SMO 180).

[0054] UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable term, where a "device" may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, etc. UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0055] The UE 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, which may sometimes act as relays, as well as network entities 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 shown.

[0056] The UE 115 and the network entity 105 may wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term "carrier" may refer to a collection of RF spectrum resources having a physical layer structure defined for supporting the communication link 125. For example, a carrier for the communication link 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operations, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communications with the UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, the UE 115 may be configured to have multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation may be used for both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between the network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between these devices and any part (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of the network entity 105. For example, the terms "send", "receive", or "communicate" when referring to the network entity 105 may refer to any part of the network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, CU 160, DU 165, RU 170) of the RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0057] The signal waveform transmitted via the carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to a resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The amount of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), so that a relatively higher amount of resource elements (e.g., in the transmission duration) and a relatively higher modulation scheme order may correspond to a relatively higher communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0058] The time interval for the network entity 105 or the UE 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit, which may be, for example, a sampling period T c =1 / (Δf max ·N f ) seconds, where Δf max It can represent the supported subcarrier spacing, and N f The supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size may be indicated. Time intervals of the communication resources may be organized according to radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0059] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, the frame may be divided into subframes (e.g., in the time domain), and each subframe may be further divided into a certain number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a certain number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix appended in front of each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, the time slot may be further divided into a plurality of micro time slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., N f The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0060] A subframe, a time slot, a mini-time slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the amount of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of a shortened TTI (sTTI)).

[0061] According to various techniques, physical channels may be multiplexed using carriers for communication. Physical control channels and physical data channels may be multiplexed for signaling via downlink carriers, for example, using one or more of a time division multiplexing (TDM) technique, a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technique, or a hybrid TDM-FDM technique. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) of a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across a system bandwidth of a carrier or a subset of that system bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs in UE 115 may monitor or search a control region to obtain control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. The aggregation level of a control channel candidate may refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space sets may include a common search space set configured for transmitting control information to multiple UEs 115 , and a UE-specific search space set for transmitting control information to a specific UE 115 .

[0062] The network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hot spots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used to communicate with the network entity 105 (e.g., using a carrier), and may be associated with an identifier (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID), or other cell identifier) ​​used to distinguish adjacent cells. In some examples, a cell may also refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of a coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors such as the capabilities of the network entity 105, such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to larger areas. For example, a cell may be or may include a building, a subset of a building, or an external space between or overlapping coverage areas 110, and the like.

[0063] A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access to a UE 115 through a service subscription with a network provider that supports the macro cell. A small cell may be associated with a lower power network entity 105 (e.g., a lower power base station 140) than a macro cell, and the small cell may operate using the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency band as the macro cell. A small cell may provide unrestricted access to a UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider, or may provide restricted access to a UE 115 associated with a small cell (e.g., a UE 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG), a UE 115 associated with a user in a home or office). A network entity 105 may support one or more cells, and may also use one or more component carriers to support communications via one or more cells.

[0064] In some examples, the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140, RUs 170) may be mobile and thus provide communication coverage for mobile coverage areas 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 provide coverage for various coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0065] The wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable or low-latency or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication may include private communication or group communication, and may be supported by one or more services (such as push-to-talk, video, or data). Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms "ultra-reliable", "low latency", and "ultra-reliable low latency" are used interchangeably herein.

[0066] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communication directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in a group that are performing D2D communication may be within a coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured by the network entity 105 (e.g., scheduled by the network entity). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of the network entity 105, or may otherwise be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from the network entity 105. In some examples, a group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system, in which each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, network entity 105 may facilitate scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be performed between UEs 115 without involving network entity 105.

[0067] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to an external network. The control plane entity may manage non-access layer (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be delivered through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to the IP service 150 of one or more network operators. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0068] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands that may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). The region of 300 MHz to 3 GHz may be referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths are in the range of from about 1 decimeter to 1 meter long. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which may be referred to as clusters), but these waves may be sufficient to penetrate structures so that macro cells provide services to UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) than communications using smaller frequencies and longer waves in the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0069] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc. based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz–7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz–52.6 GHz). It should be understood that, although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar naming issue sometimes occurs with respect to FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, although different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz–300 GHz) identified as the “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0070] Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified the operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125GHz–24.25GHz). The bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and therefore the features of FR1 and / or FR2 can be effectively extended to mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operations to more than 52.6GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4–1 (52.6GHz–71GHz), FR4 (52.6GHz–114.25GHz), and FR5 (114.25GHz–300GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0071] In view of the above aspects, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if the term "below 6 GHz" or the like is used in this document, it can be broadly referred to as a frequency that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. In addition, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if the term "millimeter wave" or the like is used in this document, it can be broadly referred to as a frequency that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or may be within the EHF band.

[0072] The wireless communication system 100 can utilize licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can use unlicensed bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band) to employ license assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology. When operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as network entity 105 and UE 115 can employ carrier sensing for conflict detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands can be based on carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in combination with component carriers operating using licensed bands. Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, and the like.

[0073] The network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ technologies such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of the network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located in one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with the network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a collection of multiple rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communications with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals sent via the antenna ports.

[0074] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or direct an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining signals conveyed via antenna elements of an antenna array so that some signals propagating along a particular orientation for the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals conveyed via antenna elements may include the transmitting device or the receiving device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to signals carried via antenna elements associated with the device. Adjustments associated with each of these antenna elements may be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (e.g., for an antenna array of a transmitting device or a receiving device or for some other orientation).

[0075] The network entity communication manager 101 may manage communications between the network entity 105 and other devices in the wireless communication system 100. In a similar manner, the UE communication manager 102 may manage communications between the UE 115 and other devices in the wireless communication system 100. As described herein, the network entity 105 may refer to a terrestrial communication device (such as a base station 140) or a non-terrestrial communication device (such as a satellite 185, a balloon, a drone, or another non-terrestrial device). The NTN network entity 105 may be connected to the terrestrial network entity 105 via a gateway 190. In some examples, the NTN network entity 105 may correspond to a first cell type (e.g., an NTN cell type), and the terrestrial network entity 105 may correspond to a second cell type different from the first cell type (e.g., a terrestrial network (TN) cell type).

[0076] The NTN network entity 105 may provide coverage to areas where the terrestrial network entity 105 may not be available. The channel corresponding to the NTN network entity 105 may have a strong line-of-sight condition because the signal provided by the NTN network entity 105 may be reflected at the sky (e.g., as opposed to the signal corresponding to the terrestrial network entity 105 that may travel on the ground). The coverage area of ​​the beam radiated from the NTN network entity 105 may have relatively clear boundaries (e.g., compared to the terrestrial network entity 105 beam boundaries), and the UE 115 may operate within a single beam service area (e.g., except in the case where the UE 115 is located at the boundary between two service areas). In some examples, the service area of ​​the beam corresponding to the NTN network entity 105 may be larger than the service area of ​​the beam corresponding to the terrestrial network entity 105.

[0077] In accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the wireless communication system 100 may support the UE 115 to use location information to determine a TA component for sending an uplink message, for example, without receiving a TA command (e.g., from the network entity 105). For example, the UE 115 may obtain updated location information and determine a time difference between a previous communication with the network entity 105 and a scheduled uplink transmission. Based on the determined time difference, the UE 115 may determine a TA component of the TA value to apply to the uplink transmission, and send the uplink message in the uplink transmission based on the determined TA value and the location information. In some examples, the time difference may be based on a first duration between the uplink transmission and a previous uplink transmission, a second duration between the uplink transmission and a previous TA command received from the network, or both. For example, the time difference may be the minimum of the first duration and the second duration. In some examples, the determined TA value may be based on additional parameters, such as T q , T p , α or any combination thereof.

[0078] In some examples, the network entity 105-a may include a network entity communication manager 101 that is configured to support one or more aspects of the techniques for timing adjustment described herein. For example, the network entity communication manager 101 may be configured to support the network entity 105-a to obtain a first message (e.g., from a UE 115-a) based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE 115-a. In some examples, the network entity communication manager 101 may be configured to support the network entity 105-a to output (e.g., for sending to the UE 115-a) a timing scheme that indicates one or more conditions for the UE 115-a to use a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value. In some examples, the network entity communication manager 101 may be configured to support the network entity 105-a to obtain a second message (e.g., from a UE 115-a) based on a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0079] In some examples, UE 115-a may include a UE communication manager 102 that is configured to support one or more aspects of the techniques for timing adjustment described herein. For example, UE communication manager 102 may be configured to support UE 115-a sending a first message (e.g., to network entity 105-a) based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with UE 115-a. In some examples, UE communication manager 102 may be configured to support UE 115-a obtaining second location information associated with UE 115-a, the second location information being different from the first location information. In some examples, UE communication manager 102 may be configured to support UE 115-a sending a second message based on a second value for a timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at UE 115-a.

[0080] Figure 2 An example of a network architecture 200 (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The network architecture 200 may illustrate an example for implementing one or more aspects of the wireless communication system 100. The network architecture 200 may include one or more CUs 160-a, which may communicate directly with a core network 130-a via a backhaul communication link 120-a, or indirectly with a core network 130-a through one or more disaggregated network entities 105 (e.g., a near-RT RIC 175-b via an E2 link or a non-RT RIC 175-a associated with an SMO 180-a (e.g., an SMO framework), or both. The CU 160-a may communicate with one or more DUs 165-a via corresponding midhaul communication links 162-a (e.g., an F1 interface). The DU 165-a may communicate with one or more RUs 170-a via corresponding fronthaul communication links 168-a. The RU 170-a may be associated with a respective coverage area 110-a and may communicate with the UE 115-b via one or more communication links 125-a. In some implementations, the UE 115-b may be served by multiple RUs 170-a simultaneously.

[0081] Each of the network entities 105 of the network architecture 200 (e.g., CU 160-a, DU 165-a, RU 170-a, non-RT RIC 175-a, near-RT RIC 175-b, SMO 180-a, open cloud (O-Cloud) 205, open eNB (O-eNB) 210) may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or send signals (e.g., data, information) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each network entity 105 or an associated processor (e.g., a controller) that provides instructions to an interface of the network entity 105 may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other network entities 105 via a transmission medium. For example, these network entities 105 may include a wired interface that is configured to receive signals on a wired transmission medium or to send signals to one or more of the other network entities 105 on a wired transmission medium. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity 105 may include a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (e.g., an RF transceiver) configured to receive signals on a wireless transmission medium, or to send signals to one or more of the other network entities 105 on a wireless transmission medium, or both.

[0082] In some examples, CU 160-a may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include RRC, PDCP, SDAP, etc. Each control function may be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by CU 160-a. CU 160-a may be configured to process user plane functions (e.g., CU-UP), control plane functions (e.g., CU-CP), or a combination thereof. In some examples, CU 160-a may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface (such as an E1 interface). As needed, CU 160-a may be implemented to communicate with DU 165-a for network control and signaling.

[0083] DU 165-a may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more functions (e.g., base station functions, RAN functions) for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 170-a. In some examples, DU 165-a may at least partially host one or more of the RLC layer, the MAC layer, and one or more aspects of the PHY layer (e.g., a high PHY layer, such as modules for FEC encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.), which depends at least in part on functional divisions, such as those defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). In some examples, DU 165-a may also host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other layers hosted by DU 165-a or with control functions hosted by CU160-a.

[0084] In some examples, lower layer functions may be implemented by one or more RUs 170-a. For example, a RU 170-a controlled by a DU 165-a may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low PHY layer functions (e.g., performing fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc.) or both based at least in part on functional splitting (such as lower layer functional splitting). In such an architecture, the RU 170-a may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 115-b. In some specific implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane communications and user plane communications with the RU 170-a may be controlled by the corresponding DU 165-a. In some examples, such a configuration may enable the DU 165-a and CU 160-a to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture (such as a vRAN architecture).

[0085] The SMO 180-a may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network entities 105. For non-virtualized network entities 105, the SMO 180-a may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operation and maintenance interface (e.g., an O1 interface). For virtualized network entities 105, the SMO 180-a may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (e.g., O-Cloud 205) via a cloud computing platform interface (e.g., an O2 interface) to perform network entity lifecycle management (e.g., to instantiate virtualized network entities 105). Such virtualized network entities 105 may include, but are not limited to, CU 160-a, DU 165-a, RU 170-a, and near-RT RIC 175-b. In some specific implementations, the SMO 180-a may communicate with components configured according to a 4G RAN (e.g., via an O1 interface). Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the SMO 180-a may communicate directly with one or more RUs 170-a via an O1 interface. The SMO 180-a may also include a non-RT RIC 175-a configured to support the functionality of the SMO 180-a.

[0086] The non-RT RIC 175-a may be configured to include logic functions that implement non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) workflows (including model training and updating, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the near-RT RIC 175-b). The non-RT RIC 175-a may be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 175-b (e.g., via an A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 175-b may be configured to include logic functions that implement near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions on an interface connecting one or more CUs 160-a, one or more DUs 165-a, or both, and the O-eNB 210 to the near-RT RIC 175-b (e.g., via an E2 interface).

[0087] In some examples, in order to generate an AI / ML model to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 175-b, the non-RT RIC 175-a may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information may be utilized by the near-RT RIC 175-b and may be received from a non-network data source or from a network function at the SMO 180-a or the non-RT RIC 175. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 175-a or the near-RT RIC 175-b may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 175-a may monitor long-term trends and patterns of performance and employ an AI model or ML model to perform corrective actions through the SMO 180-a (e.g., via reconfiguration of O1) or via the generation of a RAN management policy (such as an A1 policy).

[0088] In accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the network architecture 200 may support a UE 115-b using location information to determine a TA component for sending an uplink message, for example, without receiving a TA command (e.g., from a network entity 105). For example, the UE 115-b may obtain updated location information and determine a time difference between a previous communication with the network entity 105 and a scheduled uplink transmission. Based on the determined time difference, the UE 115-b may determine a TA component of a TA value to apply to the uplink transmission, and send the uplink message in the uplink transmission based on the determined TA value and the location information. In some examples, the time difference may be based on a first duration between the uplink transmission and a previous uplink transmission, a second duration between the uplink transmission and a previous TA command received from the network, or both. For example, the time difference may be the minimum of the first duration and the second duration. In some examples, the determined TA value may be based on additional parameters, such as T q 、T p , α or any combination thereof.

[0089] Figure 3 An example of a wireless communication system 300 that supports techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the wireless communication system 300 can implement one or more aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 300 can include a UE 115-c and one or more network entities 105, which can be reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Said, referenced Figure 1 In some examples, the network entity 105-b in the wireless communication system 300 may be or include a satellite 185-a of NTN, which may communicate with a network entity 105-c (e.g., of TN) via a gateway, as described in reference to Figure 1 The wireless communication system 300 may include features for improving communications between the UE 115-c and the network entity 105, as well as other improvements.

[0090] The network entity 105-b may provide communication coverage for a UE 115-c in a coverage area 110-b, for example, in a rural area that is not covered by the network entity 105 of the TN. The UE 115-c may be configured to calculate a delay associated with a service link (e.g., a link between the UE 115-c and the satellite 185-a) based on the location of the UE 115-c and the ephemeris (e.g., positioning) of the satellite 185-a. For example, the UE 115-c may obtain location information (e.g., the first location information 310 or the second location information 330) associated with the UE 115-c, such as from a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) component at the UE 115-c, and the network entity 105-b may indicate the ephemeris of the satellite 185-a to the UE 115-c. In some examples, UE 115-c can autonomously calculate delays to determine a TA value for uplink communications so that uplink frame timing and downlink frame timing can be aligned at a reference point (e.g., network entity 105-c).

[0091] In some cases, the UE 115-c may apply a combination of closed-loop and open-loop TA adjustments to determine the TA value. For example, the UE 115-c may determine the timing advance value T according to the following formula: TA :

[0092] T TA =(N TA +N TA,UE-specific +N TA，common +N TA，offset )×T c . (1)

[0093] In equation 1, N TA may represent a TA value updated based on a TA command from the network entity 105-b, such as in the TA command field of msg2 or msgB, a MAC control element (MAC-CE) TA command, or both. TA,UE-specific A self-estimated TA value (eg, first value 315 or second value 345) at UE 115-c may be represented to pre-compensate for a delay (eg, a serving link delay). TA,common A common TA value may be expressed (eg, controlled by network entity 105-c, network entity 105-b, or both) to compensate for feeder link delays between satellite 185-a and network entity 105-c. TA，offset The offset associated with the downlink frame at UE115-c can be represented.

[0094] In some cases, UE 115-c may be connected to the NTN for a duration (T1, T2) (e.g., a duration between time T1 and time T2, including time T1 and time T2), during which duration, UE 115-c may not receive a TA command from network entity 105-b. In one example, UE 115-c may be in a communication session with more downlink communications and less uplink communications (e.g., control plane information), and network entity 105-b may not send a TA command for the duration (T1, T2). For example, network entity 105-b may provide multicast or broadcast services (or both), which may include more downlink data traffic and sparse uplink control traffic (e.g., feedback messages).

[0095] As described herein, the UE 115-c may obtain first location information 310 (eg, from a GNSS component) and apply a first value 315 of the TA component (eg, N TA , UE-specific ) to send a first message 320, wherein the first value 315 may be based on the first location information 310. Subsequently, the UE 115-c may obtain second location information 330 with or without a TA command for a duration (T1, T2). The UE 115-c may also determine a time difference 340 associated with a previous communication 335, and apply a second value 345 of the TA component to send a second message 325 at time T2, wherein the second value 345 may be based on the second location information 330 and the time difference 340.

[0096] In some examples, the time difference 340 may be based on a first duration between the transmission of the second message 325 and a previous uplink transmission (e.g., the first message 320), where the previous communication 335 may be a previous uplink transmission. Additionally or alternatively, the time difference 340 may be based on a second duration between the transmission of the second message 325 and a previous TA command received from the network entity 105-b, where the previous communication 335 may be a previous TA command. In some examples, the time difference 340 may be a lower duration of the first duration and the second duration.

[0097] In some examples, based on time difference 340, UE 115-c may determine a TA component (e.g., N TA,UE-specific ) in the change (e.g., the maximum amount of the amount), and based on the determined amount, determine a second value 345. The amount can be based on the time difference 340, the autonomous adjustment step (T q ), total adjustment rate (T p ), scaling factor (α), or any combination thereof. For example, the magnitude can be or Where T can represent the time difference 340, and may represent a basis function that returns the largest integer less than x. In some examples, the scaling factor α may be configured at the UE 115-c or indicated to the UE 115-c by the network entity 105-b. In some examples, the autonomous adjustment step (T q ) and / or the total adjustment rate (T p ) may be defined or according to the definition described in the technical specification (e.g., TS 38.133).

[0098] In some examples, the UE 115-c may determine that the magnitude of the change is greater than (or equal to) a timing change derived based on the second location information 330, and use the derived timing change to determine the second value 345. In some examples, the UE 115-c may determine that the magnitude of the change is less than the derived timing change, and use the magnitude of the change to determine the second value 345. The UE 115-c may adjust the value of the TA component for subsequent one or more uplink transmissions (e.g., according to a gradual timing adjustment process, or as described herein) until the derived change is reached.

[0099] In some examples, if the magnitude of the change compared to the derived timing change is less than a threshold value (e.g., the derived change minus a fixed amount), the UE 115-c may, for example, determine a second value 345 by applying the magnitude of the change, and send a second message 325 on a random access channel (RACH). Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115-c may be configured to apply the techniques described herein based on satisfying one or more conditions. In some examples, these conditions may be satisfied if the UE 115-c determines that the time difference 340 is greater than a threshold value that may be configured at the UE 115-c. In some examples, these conditions may be satisfied if the UE 115-c determines that the location change (e.g., based on the first location information 310 and the second location information 330) is above or below an associated threshold value. In some examples, these conditions may be satisfied if the UE 115-c determines that the derived timing change is above or below an associated threshold value. In some examples, these conditions may be satisfied if the UE 115-c receives an indication (e.g., configuration) from the network entity 105-b.

[0100] Figure 4An example of a process flow 400 supporting techniques for timing adjustment in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the process flow 400 may implement one or more aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 300 or one or more aspects of the network architecture 200. For example, the process flow 400 may include example operations associated with the UE 115-d and the network entity 105-d, which may be as described in reference to Figure 1 –3. In some examples, the network entity 105 may support NTN communication for the UE 115.

[0101] In the following description of process flow 400, operations between UE 115-d and network entity 105-d may be performed in a different order than the example order shown, or operations performed by UE 115-d and network entity 105-d may be performed in a different order or at a different time. Some operations may also be omitted from process flow 400, and other operations may be added to process flow 400. The operations performed by UE 115-d and network entity 105-d may support improvements to communication reliability, and in some examples, may improve communication efficiency.

[0102] In some examples, UE 115-d may receive (eg, from network entity 105-d) a previous TA command from network entity 105-d at 405. The previous TA command may include timing information for use by UE 115-d when communicating in the NTN.

[0103] At 410, UE 115-d may send a first message based on a first value for a TA component that is based on first location information associated with UE 115-d. In some examples, UE 115-d may obtain a first location from a GNSS component (e.g., at UE 115-d).

[0104] In some examples, UE 115-d may receive a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions (e.g., from network entity 105-d) at 415. The timing scheme may also indicate that UE 115-d is to use a second value for the TA component when sending a second message based on satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0105] In some examples, at 420, UE 115-d may receive (e.g., from network entity 105-d) an indication that the UE is to determine a second value for the TA component, where the indication may satisfy one of the conditions for determining the second value.

[0106] At 425, UE 115-d may obtain (eg, from a GNSS component) second location information associated with UE 115-d. The second location information may be different from the first location information.

[0107] At 430, UE 115-d may determine a time difference associated with one or more previous communications at UE 115-d and a transmission timing of a second message. In some examples, the time difference may be based on a first duration between a first previous communication and the transmission timing of the second message, a second duration between a second previous communication and the transmission timing of the second message, or both. For example, the time difference may be the lower of the first duration and the second duration. In some examples, UE 115-d may determine that the time difference satisfies a threshold, wherein the time difference that satisfies the threshold may satisfy one of the conditions for determining a second value. In some examples, UE 115-d may determine that a change in the location of UE 115-d satisfies one or more thresholds, wherein the change in location may be based on first location information and second location information. A change in location that satisfies one or more thresholds may satisfy one of the conditions for determining a second value. In some examples, UE 115-d may determine that a change associated with a TA component satisfies one or more thresholds, wherein a change that satisfies one or more thresholds may satisfy one of the conditions for determining a second value.

[0108] At 435, UE 115-d may send a second message based on a second value for the TA component, where the second value may be based on the second location information and the time difference. In some examples, the second value may be based on an autonomous adjustment step, an aggregate adjustment rate, a scaling factor, or any combination thereof. In some examples, UE 115-d may send the second message via RACH, for example, based on the time difference satisfying a threshold. By implementing one or more of the described techniques for timing adjustment, UE 115-d may be able to send the second message more efficiently, or in a manner that increases data throughput, or taking into account factors such as power consumption or processing load.

[0109] Figure 5 A block diagram 500 of a device 505 supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of the UE 115 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communication manager 520. The device 505 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0110] Receiver 510 may provide means for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels related to techniques for timing adjustment, data channels, information channels). The information may be communicated to other components of device 505. Receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0111] The transmitter 515 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels related to techniques for timing adjustment, data channels, information channels), such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with the receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0112] The communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the techniques for timing adjustment as described herein. For example, the communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0113] In some examples, the communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof that is configured to or otherwise supports components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, the processor and a memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in the memory by the processor).

[0114] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general purpose processor (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting components for performing the functionality described in the present disclosure), a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices.

[0115] In some examples, communication manager 520 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, send) using or otherwise cooperating with receiver 510, transmitter 515, or both. For example, communication manager 520 may receive information from receiver 510, transmit information to transmitter 515, or be integrated in conjunction with receiver 510, transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0116] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 520 may support wireless communications at a UE. For example, the communication manager 520 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for sending a first message based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE. The communication manager 520 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for obtaining second location information associated with the UE, the second location information being different from the first location information. The communication manager 520 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for sending a second message based on a second value for a timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE.

[0117] By including or configuring a communications manager 520 according to examples as described herein, a device 505 (e.g., a processor controlling or otherwise coupled to a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, a communications manager 520, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reducing processing, reducing power consumption, or more efficiently utilizing communications resources.

[0118] Figure 6A block diagram 600 of a device 605 supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 605 may be an example of aspects of the device 505 or UE 115 as described herein. The device 605 may include a receiver 610, a transmitter 615, and a communication manager 620. The device 605 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0119] Receiver 610 may provide means for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels related to techniques for timing adjustment, data channels, information channels). The information may be communicated to other components of device 605. Receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0120] The transmitter 615 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 605. For example, the transmitter 615 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels related to techniques for timing adjustment, data channels, information channels). In some examples, the transmitter 615 may be co-located with the receiver 610 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 615 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0121] Device 605 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the techniques for timing adjustment as described herein. For example, communication manager 620 may include messaging component 625, location information manager 630, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 620 may be an example of various aspects of communication manager 520 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 620 or its various components may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, send) using or otherwise in conjunction with receiver 610, transmitter 615, or both. For example, communication manager 620 may receive information from receiver 610, transmit information to transmitter 615, or be integrated with receiver 610, transmitter 615, or both in combination to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0122] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 620 may support wireless communications at a UE. The messaging component 625 may be configured to or otherwise support components for sending a first message based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE. The location information manager 630 may be configured to or otherwise support components for obtaining second location information associated with the UE, the second location information being different from the first location information. The messaging component 625 may be configured to or otherwise support components for sending a second message based on a second value for a timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE.

[0123] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 of a communication manager 720 supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 720 can be an example of aspects of the communication manager 520, the communication manager 620, or both as described herein. The communication manager 720 or its various components can be examples of components for performing various aspects of the techniques for timing adjustment as described herein. For example, the communication manager 720 can include a messaging component 725, a location information manager 730, a time difference component 735, or any combination thereof. Each of these components can communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0124] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 720 may support wireless communications at a UE. The messaging component 725 may be configured to or otherwise support components for sending a first message based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE. The location information manager 730 may be configured to or otherwise support components for obtaining second location information associated with the UE, the second location information being different from the first location information. In some examples, the messaging component 725 may be configured to or otherwise support components for sending a second message based on a second value for a timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE.

[0125] In some examples, to support sending a second message, the messaging component 725 may be configured to or otherwise support components for sending the second message based on a time difference, wherein the time difference is based on a first duration between a first previous communication in at least one previous communication and a sending timing of the second message, a second duration between a second previous communication in at least one previous communication and a sending timing of the second message, or both.

[0126] In some examples, the time difference is the lower duration of the first duration and the second duration.

[0127] In some examples, the first previous communication includes a first message and the second previous communication includes a previous timing advance command, and the messaging component 725 can be configured or otherwise support means for receiving the previous timing advance command from the network entity.

[0128] In some examples, to support sending a second message, the messaging component 725 may be configured or otherwise support components for sending a second message based on a second value, where the second value is based on an autonomous adjustment step, an aggregate adjustment rate, a scaling factor, or any combination thereof.

[0129] In some examples, the messaging component 725 may be configured as or otherwise support components for receiving from a network entity a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value, wherein the second message is sent based on the second value based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0130] In some examples, time difference component 735 can be configured or otherwise support components for determining that a time difference satisfies a threshold, where satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes the time difference satisfying the threshold.

[0131] In some examples, the location information manager 730 may be configured as or otherwise support components for determining that a change in location of the UE satisfies one or more thresholds based on the second location information, where the location change is based on the first location information and the second location information, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes the change in location of the UE satisfying one or more thresholds.

[0132] In some examples, the location information manager 730 may be configured as or otherwise support components for determining, based on the second location information, that a change associated with the timing advance component satisfies one or more thresholds, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes the change associated with the timing advance component satisfying one or more thresholds.

[0133] In some examples, messaging component 725 may be configured or otherwise support means for receiving an indication from a network entity that the UE is to determine a second value, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes the UE receiving the indication.

[0134] In some examples, to support sending the second message, messaging component 725 may be configured or otherwise support means for sending the second message via a random access channel based on the time difference satisfying a threshold.

[0135] In some examples, to support sending the second message, messaging component 725 may be configured or otherwise support means for sending the second message to a network entity supporting non-terrestrial network communications for the UE.

[0136] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a system 800 including a device 805 supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 805 may be an example of a device 505, a device 605, or a UE 115 as described herein, or include components of a device 505, a device 605, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The device 805 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for sending communications and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 820, an input / output (I / O) controller 810, a transceiver 815, an antenna 825, a memory 830, a code 835, and a processor 840. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 845).

[0137] I / O controller 810 can manage input signals and output signals of device 805. I / O controller 810 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 805. In some cases, I / O controller 810 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 810 can utilize an operating system, such as or another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively, I / O controller 810 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 810 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as processor 840. In some cases, a user may interact with device 805 via I / O controller 810 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 810.

[0138] In some cases, the device 805 may include a single antenna 825. However, in some other cases, the device 805 may have more than one antenna 825, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 815 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 825, a wired or wireless link, as described herein. For example, the transceiver 815 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 815 may also include a modem for: modulating packets; providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 825 for transmission; and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 825. The transceiver 815 or the transceiver 815 and one or more antennas 825 may be examples of transmitters 515, transmitters 615, receivers 510, receivers 610, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0139] The memory 830 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 830 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 835 including instructions that, when executed by the processor 840, cause the device 805 to perform various functions described herein. The code 835 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 835 may not be directly executable by the processor 840, but may (for example, when compiled and executed) cause the computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 830 may also include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0140] The processor 840 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 840 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 840. The processor 840 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 830) to cause the device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting techniques for timing adjustment). For example, the device 805 or a component of the device 805 may include a processor 840 and a memory 830 coupled to or to the processor 840, and the processor 840 and the memory 830 are configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0141] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communications at a UE. For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for sending a first message based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for obtaining second location information associated with the UE, the second location information being different from the first location information. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for sending a second message based on a second value for a timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE.

[0142] By including or configuring a communication manager 820 according to examples as described herein, the device 805 may support techniques for improving communication reliability, reducing latency, improving user experience associated with reduced processing, reducing power consumption, more efficiently utilizing communication resources, or improving coordination between devices.

[0143] In some examples, the communication manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, monitor, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the transceiver 815, one or more antennas 825, or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 820 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 820 may be supported or performed by the processor 840, the memory 830, the code 835, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 835 may include instructions executable by the processor 840 to cause the device 805 to perform various aspects of the techniques for timing adjustment as described herein, or the processor 840 and the memory 830 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0144] Fig. 9 A block diagram 900 of a device 905 supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of the network entity 105 as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communication manager 920. The device 905 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0145] The receiver 910 may provide means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). The information may be passed to other components of the device 905. In some examples, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0146] The transmitter 915 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., sending, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of the device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). In some examples, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by sending signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by sending signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 915 and the receiver 910 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include a modem or be coupled to a modem.

[0147] The communication manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the techniques for timing adjustment as described herein. For example, the communication manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0148] In some examples, the communication manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit). The hardware may include a processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof that is configured as or otherwise supports components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, a processor and a memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in the memory by the processor).

[0149] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the communication manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general purpose processor (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting components for performing the functionality described in the present disclosure), a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices.

[0150] In some examples, the communication manager 920 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communication manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910, transmit information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated in conjunction with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0151] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 920 may support wireless communications at a network entity. For example, the communication manager 920 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for obtaining a first message based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE. The communication manager 920 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for outputting a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value. The communication manager 920 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for obtaining a second message based on a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0152] By including or configuring a communications manager 920 according to the examples described herein, a device 905 (e.g., a processor controlling or otherwise coupled to a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, a communications manager 920, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reducing processing, reducing power consumption, or more efficiently utilizing communications resources.

[0153] Fig.10A block diagram 1000 of a device 1005 supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1005 may be an example of aspects of the device 905 or network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a transmitter 1015, and a communication manager 1020. The device 1005 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0154] The receiver 1010 may provide means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1005. In some examples, the receiver 1010 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the receiver 1010 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0155] The transmitter 1015 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., sending, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of the device 1005. For example, the transmitter 1015 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). In some examples, the transmitter 1015 may support outputting information by sending signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 1015 may support outputting information by sending signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1015 and the receiver 1010 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include a modem or be coupled to a modem.

[0156] Device 1005 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the techniques for timing adjustment as described herein. For example, communication manager 1020 may include message manager 1025, timing scheme manager 1030, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 1020 may be an example of various aspects of communication manager 920 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 1020 or its various components may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, send) using or otherwise in conjunction with receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or both. For example, communication manager 1020 may receive information from receiver 1010, transmit information to transmitter 1015, or be integrated with receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or both in combination to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0157] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communications at a network entity. The message manager 1025 may be configured to or otherwise support components for obtaining a first message based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE. The timing scheme manager 1030 may be configured to or otherwise support components for outputting a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value. The message manager 1025 may be configured to or otherwise support components for obtaining a second message based on the second value for the timing advance component, the second value being based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0158] Fig.11 A block diagram 1100 of a communication manager 1120 supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 1120 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 920, the communication manager 1020, or both as described herein. The communication manager 1120 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the techniques for timing adjustment as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1120 may include a message manager 1125, a timing scheme manager 1130, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses), which communication may include communication within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communication associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with a network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with a network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0159] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communications at a network entity. The message manager 1125 may be configured to or otherwise support components for obtaining a first message based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE. The timing scheme manager 1130 may be configured to or otherwise support components for outputting a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value. In some examples, the message manager 1125 may be configured to or otherwise support components for obtaining a second message based on a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0160] In some examples, message manager 1125 may be configured or otherwise support components for outputting an indication that the UE is to determine a second value, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes outputting the indication.

[0161] In some examples, to support obtaining the second message, message manager 1125 may be configured or otherwise support components for obtaining the second message via a random access channel.

[0162] In some examples, the network entity supports non-terrestrial network communications for the UE.

[0163] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a system 1200 including a device 1205 supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1205 may be an example of a device 905, a device 1005, or a network entity 105 as described herein, or include a component of a device 905, a device 1005, or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1205 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof, which may include communication through one or more wired interfaces, through one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. The device 1205 may include components that support output and acquisition of communications, such as a communication manager 1220, a transceiver 1210, an antenna 1215, a memory 1225, a code 1230, and a processor 1235. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1240).

[0164] As described herein, the transceiver 1210 may support bidirectional communication via a wired link, a wireless link, or both. In some examples, the transceiver 1210 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1210 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 1205 may include one or more antennas 1215, which may be capable of sending or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently). The transceiver 1210 may also include a modem for modulating a signal, thereby providing a modulated signal for transmission (e.g., via one or more antennas 1215, via a wired transmitter), for receiving a modulated signal (e.g., from one or more antennas 1215, from a wired receiver), and for demodulating a signal. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1215 configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1215 configured to support various sending or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210 may include or be configured to be coupled to one or more processors or memory components, which are operable to: perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals; or generate information or other signals for transmission or other output, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210, or the transceiver 1210 and one or more antennas 1215, or the transceiver 1210 and one or more antennas 1215 and one or more processors or memory components (e.g., processor 1235, or memory 1225, or both) may be included in a chip or chip assembly installed in the device 1205. In some examples, the transceiver may be operable to support communications via one or more communication links (eg, communication link 125, backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, fronthaul communication link 168).

[0165] Memory 1225 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 1225 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1230 including instructions that, when executed by processor 1235, cause device 1205 to perform various functions described herein. Code 1230 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1230 may not be directly executable by processor 1235, but may (e.g., when compiled and executed) cause a computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1225 may also include, among other things, a BIOS that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0166] Processor 1235 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA, microcontroller, programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1235 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1235. Processor 1235 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1225) to enable device 1205 to perform various functions (e.g., various functions or tasks supporting techniques for timing adjustment). For example, device 1205 or a component of device 1205 may include processor 1235 and memory 1225 coupled to processor 1235, and processor 1235 and memory 1225 are configured to perform various functions described herein. Processor 1235 may be an example of a cloud computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as an operating system, a virtual machine, or a container instance), which may host functions for performing functions of device 1205 (e.g., by executing code 1230). The processor 1235 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 1205 (such as within the memory 1225). In some specific implementations, the processor 1235 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may refer to a system or a series of machines or components that receive inputs and process these inputs to produce a set of outputs (which may be passed to other systems or components (e.g., the device 1205)). For example, the processing system of the device 1205 may refer to a system including various other components or subcomponents of the device 1205, such as the processor 1235, or the transceiver 1210, or the communication manager 1220, or other components or combinations of components of the device 1205. The processing system of the device 1205 may interact with other components of the device 1205 and may process information (such as inputs or signals) received from other components or output information to other components. For example, a chip or modem of the device 1205 may include a processing system and one or more interfaces for outputting information or for obtaining information or both. The one or more interfaces may be implemented as or otherwise include a first interface configured to output information and a second interface configured to obtain information, or the same interface configured to output information and obtain information, as well as other specific implementations. In some specific implementations, the one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between a processing system of a chip or modem and a transmitter, so that the device 1205 can send information output from the chip or modem.Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between a processing system of a chip or modem and a receiver, such that the device 1205 may obtain information or signal input, and the information may be passed to the processing system. One of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the first interface may also obtain information or signal input, and the second interface may also output information or signal output.

[0167] In some examples, bus 1240 may support communications of a protocol layer (e.g., within a protocol layer) of a protocol stack. In some examples, bus 1240 may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack), which may include communications performed within a component of device 1205, or communications performed between different components of device 1205 that may be co-located or may be located in different locations (e.g., where device 1205 may refer to a system in which one or more of communication manager 1220, transceiver 1210, memory 1225, code 1230, and processor 1235 may be located in one of the different components or divided between the different components).

[0168] In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may manage aspects of communications with the core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links). For example, the communication manager 1220 may manage the delivery of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may manage communications with other network entities 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with the UEs 115 in coordination with the other network entities 105. In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may support an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communications between network entities 105.

[0169] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communications at a network entity. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for obtaining a first message based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE. The communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for outputting a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value. The communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for obtaining a second message based on a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0170] By including or configuring a UE communications manager 1220 according to examples as described herein, the device 1205 may support techniques for improving communications reliability, reducing latency, reducing power consumption, more efficient utilization of communications resources, or improving inter-device coordination.

[0171] In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the transceiver 1210, one or more antennas 1215 (e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 1220 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1220 may be supported or performed by the transceiver 1210, the processor 1235, the memory 1225, the code 1230, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1230 may include instructions executable by the processor 1235 to cause the device 1205 to perform various aspects of the techniques for timing adjustment as described herein, or the processor 1235 and the memory 1225 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0172] Fig.13 1300 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 for supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described in reference to Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described herein may be executed. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0173] At 1305, the method may include sending a first message according to a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE. The operations of 1305 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The message receiving and sending component 725 is used to execute.

[0174] At 1310, the method may include obtaining second location information associated with the UE, the second location information being different from the first location information. The operations of 1310 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The location information manager 730 is used to execute.

[0175] At 1315, the method may include sending a second message according to a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE. The operations of 1315 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed as described with reference to Figure 7 The message receiving and sending component 725 is used to execute.

[0176] Fig.14 1400 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1400 for supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described in reference to Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described herein may be executed. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0177] At 1405, the method may include sending a first message according to a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE. The operations of 1405 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The message receiving and sending component 725 is used to execute.

[0178] At 1410, the method may include receiving from a network entity a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value for the timing advance component. The operations of 1410 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The message receiving and sending component 725 is used to execute.

[0179] At 1415, the method may include obtaining second location information associated with the UE, the second location information being different from the first location information. The operations of 1415 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The location information manager 730 is used to execute.

[0180] At 1420, the method may include sending a second message according to a second value based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE. The operations of 1420 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1420 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The message receiving and sending component 725 is used to execute.

[0181] Fig.15 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting techniques for timing adjustment according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 4 as well as Figures 9 to 12 In some examples, the network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0182] At 1505, the method may include obtaining a first message according to a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based on first location information associated with the UE. The operations of 1505 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.11 The message manager 1125 is used to execute.

[0183] At 1510, the method may include outputting a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value. The operations of 1510 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.11 The timing scheme manager 1130 executes.

[0184] At 1515, the method may include obtaining a second message based on a second value for the timing advance component, the second value based on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions. The operations of 1515 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.11 The message manager 1125 is used to execute.

[0185] The following provides an overview of various aspects of the disclosure:

[0186] Aspect 1: A method for performing wireless communications at a UE, the method comprising: sending a first message based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based at least in part on first location information associated with the UE; obtaining second location information associated with the UE, the second location information being different from the first location information; and sending a second message based on a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based at least in part on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE.

[0187] Aspect 2: A method according to Aspect 1, wherein sending the second message includes: sending the second message based at least in part on the time difference, wherein the time difference is based at least in part on a first duration between a first previous communication in the at least one previous communication and the sending timing of the second message, a second duration between a second previous communication in the at least one previous communication and the sending timing of the second message, or both.

[0188] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 2, wherein the time difference is the lower duration of the first duration and the second duration.

[0189] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 3, wherein the first previous communication includes the first message, and the second previous communication includes a previous timing advance command, and the method further includes: receiving the previous timing advance command from a network entity.

[0190] Aspect 5: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein sending the second message includes: sending the second message according to the second value, wherein the second value is at least partially based on an autonomous adjustment step, an aggregate adjustment rate, a scaling factor, or any combination thereof.

[0191] Aspect 6: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 1 to 5, the method further includes: receiving a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use the second value from a network entity, wherein the second message is sent according to the second value based at least in part on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0192] Aspect 7: The method according to aspect 6 further comprises: determining that the time difference satisfies a threshold, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions comprises that the time difference satisfies the threshold.

[0193] Aspect 8: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 6 to 7, the method further includes: determining that the location change of the UE satisfies one or more thresholds based at least in part on the second location information, and the location change is based at least in part on the first location information and the second location information, wherein at least one of the one or more conditions being satisfied includes the location change of the UE satisfying the one or more thresholds.

[0194] Aspect 9: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 6 to 8, the method further includes: determining, at least in part based on the second position information, that the change associated with the timing advance component satisfies one or more thresholds, wherein at least one of the one or more conditions that is satisfied includes the change associated with the timing advance component satisfying the one or more thresholds.

[0195] Aspect 10: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 6 to 9, the method further includes: receiving an indication from the network entity that the UE is to determine the second value, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes the UE receiving the indication.

[0196] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 10, wherein sending the second message comprises: sending the second message via a random access channel based at least in part on the time difference satisfying a threshold.

[0197] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11, wherein sending the second message comprises: sending the second message to a network entity supporting non-terrestrial network communication of the UE.

[0198] Aspect 13: A method for performing wireless communications at a network entity, the method comprising: obtaining a first message based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based at least in part on first location information associated with a UE; outputting a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value; and obtaining a second message based on the second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based at least in part on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

[0199] Aspect 14: According to the method according to aspect 13, the method also includes: outputting an indication that the UE is to determine the second value, wherein satisfying the at least one condition among the one or more conditions includes outputting the indication.

[0200] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 13 to 14, wherein obtaining the second message comprises: obtaining the second message via a random access channel.

[0201] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 13 to 15, wherein the network entity supports non-terrestrial network communications of the UE.

[0202] Aspect 17: An apparatus for performing wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to execute the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 12.

[0203] Aspect 18: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 12.

[0204] Aspect 19: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions, the instructions being executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 12.

[0205] Aspect 20: An apparatus for performing wireless communication at a network entity, the apparatus comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to execute the method according to any one of aspects 13 to 16.

[0206] Aspect 21: An apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 13 to 16.

[0207] Aspect 22: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a code for wireless communication at a network entity, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method according to any one of aspects 13 to 16.

[0208] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the various operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0209] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein may also be applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0210] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the specification may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0211] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0212] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as one or more instructions or codes of a computer-readable medium or sent using one or more instructions or codes of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of the present disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hard wiring, or a combination of any of these items. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located at different locations, including being distributed so that the various parts of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0213] Computer-readable medium includes both non-transient computer storage medium and communication medium, and it includes any medium that promotes computer program to be transmitted from one position to another position.Non-transient storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by general or special-purpose computer.By way of example and not limitation, non-transient computer-readable medium can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage device, disk storage device or other magnetic storage device, or can be used for carrying or storing desired program code parts and any other non-transient medium that can be accessed by general or special-purpose computer or general or special-purpose processor in the form of instruction or data structure.Moreover, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable medium.For example, if software is sent from website, server or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technology such as infrared, radio and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technology such as infrared, radio and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disks and optical disks as used herein include CDs, laser optical disks, optical optical disks, digital versatile disks (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray disks. Disks can reproduce data magnetically, and optical disks can reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0214] As used herein (including in the claims), "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items followed by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Moreover, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" can be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0215] The term "determining" encompasses a variety of actions, and thus, "determining" may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, database or other data structure), ascertaining, and the like. Also, "determining" may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in a memory), etc. Also, "determining" may include parsing, retrieving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.

[0216] In the drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference label. In addition, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a dash and a second label to distinguish between the similar components. If only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description may apply to any of the similar components having the same first reference label, regardless of the second or other subsequent reference labels.

[0217] The descriptions set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describe example configurations and do not represent all examples that may be implemented or within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "used as an example, instance, or illustration," rather than "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The specific implementation includes specific details to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0218] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: sending a first message according to a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based at least in part on first location information associated with the UE; Obtaining second location information associated with the UE, where the second location information is different from the first location information; as well as A second message is sent according to a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based at least in part on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein: To send the second message, the processor is configured to: The second message is sent based at least in part on the time difference, wherein the time difference is based at least in part on a first duration between a first previous communication in the at least one previous communication and the sending timing of the second message, a second duration between a second previous communication in the at least one previous communication and the sending timing of the second message, or both. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the time difference is a lower duration of the first duration and the second duration.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first previous communication comprises the first message and the second previous communication comprises a previous timing advance command, and the processor is further configured to: The previous timing advance command is received from a network entity.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein: To send the second message, the processor is configured to: The second message is sent according to the second value, wherein the second value is based at least in part on an autonomous adjustment step, an aggregate adjustment rate, a scaling factor, or any combination thereof.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to: Receiving from a network entity a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for the UE to use the second value, wherein the second message is sent according to the second value based at least in part on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to: It is determined that the time difference satisfies a threshold, wherein the satisfying of the at least one condition among the one or more conditions includes the time difference satisfying the threshold.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to: Determine, at least in part based on the second location information, that the location change of the UE satisfies one or more thresholds, wherein the location change is at least in part based on the first location information and the second location information, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes that the location change of the UE satisfies the one or more thresholds.

9. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to: Determining, based at least in part on the second position information, that a change associated with the timing advance component satisfies one or more thresholds, wherein satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions includes the change associated with the timing advance component satisfying the one or more thresholds.

10. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to: An indication is received from the network entity that the UE is to determine the second value, wherein satisfying the at least one of the one or more conditions comprises the UE receiving the indication.

11. The device according to claim 1, wherein: To send the second message, the processor is configured to: Based at least in part on the time difference satisfying a threshold, sending the second message via a random access channel.

12. The device according to claim 1, wherein: To send the second message, the processor is configured to: The second message is sent to a network entity supporting non-terrestrial network communications for the UE.

13. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: An antenna array operable to transmit the first message or the second message.

14. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, the apparatus comprising: processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: obtaining a first message based on a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based at least in part on first location information associated with a user equipment (UE); outputting a timing scheme indicating one or more conditions for use by the UE of a second value for the timing advance component; as well as A second message is obtained based on the second value for the timing advance component, the second value being based at least in part on the timing scheme and satisfying at least one of the one or more conditions.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to: Output an indication that the UE is to determine the second value, wherein satisfying the at least one condition among the one or more conditions comprises outputting the indication.

16. The device according to claim 14, wherein: In order to obtain the second message, the processor is configured to: The second message is obtained via a random access channel.

17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the network entity supports non-terrestrial network communications for the UE.

18. The apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising: An antenna array operable to obtain the first message or the second message, or to output the timing scheme, or both.

19. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: sending a first message according to a first value for a timing advance component, the first value being based at least in part on first location information associated with the UE; Obtaining second location information associated with the UE, where the second location information is different from the first location information; as well as A second message is sent according to a second value for the timing advance component, the second value being different from the first value, the second value being based at least in part on the second location information and a time difference associated with at least one previous communication at the UE.

20. The method according to claim 19, sending the second message comprises: The second message is sent based at least in part on the time difference, wherein the time difference is based at least in part on a first duration between a first previous communication in the at least one previous communication and the sending timing of the second message, a second duration between a second previous communication in the at least one previous communication and the sending timing of the second message, or both.

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