A rice cadmium-reducing composite seed soaking agent and seed soaking method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice cadmium reduction composite seed soaking agent and a seed soaking method thereof. The composite seed soaking agent comprises the following components: melatonin concentration of 0.1-0.3 mmol / L; alpha-ketoglutaric acid concentration of 1.5-3 mmol / L; and a solvent of water. After soaking rice seeds in the composite seed soaking agent for 12-24 hours, the rice seeds are fished out, dried naturally, and waited for germination. After the germination reaches a suitable sowing condition, the rice seeds are sown into a rice seedling field. After the rice seedlings reach a suitable planting condition, the rice seedlings are transplanted into a cadmium-contaminated field, and the accumulated cadmium amount of cadmium-contaminated rice brown rice can be significantly reduced. In the invention, the synergistic effect of melatonin and alpha-ketoglutaric acid is utilized, and when the rice seeds are soaked, the absorption capacity of the rice to the heavy metal cadmium in the soil can be greatly reduced, and the cadmium reduction efficiency can reach more than 75%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular to a cadmium-reducing composite rice seed soaking agent and a seed soaking method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional strategies for dealing with cadmium pollution in rice are mainly focused on soil remediation, such as the use of imported soil method, chemical leaching method, and soil conditioner addition. Although the imported soil method can directly replace the contaminated soil, it is a huge project with high cost, and will also cause secondary disturbances to the surrounding ecological environment; the chemical leaching method requires the use of a large amount of chemical reagents, which is not only costly, but also prone to secondary pollution problems such as groundwater pollution; although the addition of soil conditioners is relatively simple, the effect is often not stable enough, and it is difficult to accurately control the absorption of cadmium by rice. These traditional methods face many obstacles when they are promoted and applied on a large scale, and it is difficult to meet actual needs.

[0003] At the same time, seed treatment technology has gradually attracted attention as a means of source prevention and control. Early seed treatments focused on conventional functions such as seed disinfection and improving germination rates, and there were relatively few studies on the use of seed treatment to reduce cadmium absorption by rice. Although some simple seed soaking attempts, such as using a single chemical substance or nutrient element for seed soaking, have achieved certain results, the cadmium reduction effect is very limited and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of cadmium enrichment in rice brown rice. Moreover, existing composite seed soaking agents often have problems such as complex ingredients, poor synergistic effects, and lack of clear usage standards. Either the ingredients interfere with each other and affect the normal physiological metabolism of seeds, or the usage methods are vague, making it difficult for farmers to operate and unable to be effectively applied in actual production.

[0004] In view of this, it is of great practical significance to develop a composite seed soaking agent with simple ingredients, synergistic efficiency, clear usage method and the ability to effectively reduce the rice's ability to absorb cadmium in the early stages of rice growth. This will not only help ensure the quality and safety of rice and safeguard the health of consumers, but also promote the sustainable development of the rice planting industry. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and provides a composite seed soaking agent for reducing cadmium in rice and a seed soaking method thereof. The composite seed soaking agent comprises the following components: a melatonin concentration of 0.1-0.3 mmol / L; an alpha-ketoglutaric acid concentration of 1.5-3 mmol / L; and a solvent of water. After soaking rice seeds in the composite seed soaking agent for 12-24 hours, the rice seeds are fished out, dried naturally, and waited for germination. After the germination reaches a suitable sowing condition, the rice seeds are sown into a rice seedling field. After the rice seedlings reach a suitable planting condition, the rice seedlings are transplanted into a cadmium-contaminated field, and the accumulated cadmium content of cadmium-contaminated brown rice can be significantly reduced. In the invention, the synergistic effect of melatonin and alpha-ketoglutaric acid is utilized, and when the rice seeds are soaked, the absorption capacity of the rice to the heavy metal cadmium in the soil can be greatly reduced, and the cadmium reduction efficiency can reach more than 75%.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0007] A rice cadmium-reducing composite seed soaking agent, comprising the following components:

[0008] Medicament and solvent; the medicament is: melatonin; α-ketoglutaric acid; the solvent is water.

[0009] Furthermore, the composition of the composite seed soaking agent is as follows:

[0010] The concentration of melatonin is 0.1-0.3 mmol / L; the concentration of α-ketoglutaric acid is 1.5-3 mmol / L; and the balance is water.

[0011] Furthermore, the medicament is a powder or other preparation.

[0012] Furthermore, the composition of the composite seed soaking agent is as follows:

[0013] The concentration of melatonin is 0.2mmol / L; the concentration of α-ketoglutaric acid is 2mmol / L; and the balance is water.

[0014] A method for preparing a composite rice seed soaking agent for reducing cadmium, specifically comprising:

[0015] Melatonin, α-ketoglutaric acid and water are weighed according to the concentration requirements and the preparation amount; melatonin is directly put into water to dissolve, and after stirring evenly, α-ketoglutaric acid is added, and stirring and dissolving evenly to obtain a composite seed soaking agent.

[0016] A rice cadmium-reducing composite seed soaking agent soaking method comprises: soaking rice seeds in the composite seed soaking agent; the composite seed soaking agent is used in an amount such that the composite seed soaking agent completely covers the rice seeds during soaking, so that the rice seeds are completely soaked.

[0017] Furthermore, the seed soaking time is 15-24 hours, and the rice varieties include but are not limited to Huanghuazhan.

[0018] Furthermore, after the soaking is completed, the seeds are fished out and dried naturally, waiting for germination. After the germination reaches suitable sowing conditions, the rice seeds are sown into the rice seedling field. After the rice seedlings reach suitable planting conditions, the rice seedlings are transplanted into the cadmium-contaminated fields.

[0019] Furthermore, the seed soaking temperature is 25-30°C.

[0020] Furthermore, the rice cadmium-reducing composite seed soaking agent is used to reduce cadmium accumulation in brown rice.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The invention discloses a rice cadmium reduction composite seed soaking agent and a seed soaking method thereof. The composite seed soaking agent comprises the following components: melatonin concentration of 0.1-0.3 mmol / L; alpha-ketoglutaric acid concentration of 1.5-3 mmol / L; and water as a solvent. After soaking rice seeds in the composite seed soaking agent for 12-24 hours, the rice seeds are fished out, dried naturally, and waited for germination. After germination reaches suitable sowing conditions, the rice seeds are sown into a rice seedling field. After the rice seedlings are raised to suitable planting conditions, the rice seedlings are transplanted into a cadmium-contaminated field, and the accumulated cadmium content of cadmium-contaminated rice brown rice can be significantly reduced. In the invention, the synergistic effect of melatonin and alpha-ketoglutaric acid is utilized, and when the rice seeds are soaked, the absorption capacity of the rice to the heavy metal cadmium in the soil can be greatly reduced, and the cadmium reduction efficiency can reach more than 75%. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations and / or combinations thereof.

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] The concentration of melatonin is 0.1 mmol / L; the concentration of α-ketoglutaric acid is 1.5 mmol / L; and the balance is water.

[0028] Taking 100L of compound seed soaking agent as an example, melatonin: 2.32g; α-ketoglutaric acid: 21.92g; the rest is water.

[0029] According to the above concentration and the required preparation amount, melatonin, α-ketoglutaric acid and water are weighed; melatonin is directly put into water to dissolve, and after stirring evenly, α-ketoglutaric acid is added, and stirring and dissolving evenly to obtain the composite seed soaking agent 1.

[0030] Embodiment 2:

[0031] The concentration of melatonin is 0.3mmol / L; the concentration of α-ketoglutaric acid is 3mmol / L; and the balance is water.

[0032] Taking 100L of compound seed soaking agent as an example, melatonin: 6.96g; α-ketoglutaric acid: 43.84g; the rest is water.

[0033] According to the above concentration and the required preparation amount, melatonin, α-ketoglutaric acid and water are weighed; melatonin is directly put into water to dissolve, and after stirring evenly, α-ketoglutaric acid is added, and stirring and dissolving evenly to obtain composite seed soaking agent 2.

[0034] Embodiment 3:

[0035] The concentration of melatonin is 0.2mmol / L; the concentration of α-ketoglutaric acid is 2mmol / L; and the balance is water.

[0036] Taking 100L of compound seed soaking agent as an example, melatonin: 4.64g; α-ketoglutaric acid: 29.22g; the rest is water.

[0037] According to the above concentration and the required preparation amount, melatonin, α-ketoglutaric acid and water are weighed; melatonin is directly put into water to dissolve, and after stirring evenly, α-ketoglutaric acid is added, and stirring and dissolving evenly to obtain composite seed soaking agent 3.

[0038] All comparative examples are based on Example 3.

[0039] Comparative Example 1:

[0040] Taking 100L of compound seed soaking agent as an example, α-ketoglutaric acid: 33.86g; the rest is water.

[0041] According to the above concentration and the required preparation amount, α-ketoglutaric acid and water are weighed; α-ketoglutaric acid is directly put into water to dissolve, and after stirring evenly, the composite seed soaking agent 4 is obtained.

[0042] Comparative Example 2:

[0043] Taking 100L of compound seed soaking agent as an example, melatonin: 33.86g; the rest is water.

[0044] According to the above concentration and the required preparation amount, melatonin and water are weighed; melatonin is directly put into water to dissolve, and after stirring evenly, the composite seed soaking agent 5 is obtained.

[0045] Comparative Example 3:

[0046] Take 100L of compound seed soaking agent as an example, it is all water.

[0047] The composite seed soaking agent in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 is evaluated below:

[0048] Cadmium reduction effect verification test: A field plot comparison test was carried out on the composite seed soaking agents in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3. The test process is as follows:

[0049] Test location: Penghu Village, Zhushan Town, Yushui District, Xinyu City

[0050] Experimental field: total cadmium content in the soil is 0.48 mg / kg, pH is 5.52, effective cadmium content is 0.22 mg / kg, and the rice varieties are uniform, which is the main cultivated variety in the area (Huanghuazhan).

[0051] Trial time: 2024 late rice season

[0052] Specifically:

[0053] According to the size of the test field, a suitable number of rice seeds were selected, and the same number of rice seeds were soaked in the composite seed soaking agent of Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-3, respectively. During the soaking, the seed soaking agent should completely cover the rice seeds and completely soak the rice seeds. The seeds were soaked for 24 hours at a soaking temperature of 27±1°C. After the soaking was completed, the seeds were fished out and dried, and naturally germinated. The germination environment temperature was 22±1°C, and the seeds were properly turned over according to the germination situation to avoid rotten buds.

[0054] When the roots of rice seeds are longer than 1.5cm, sow the rice seeds into the nursery field and grow the seedlings normally in the nursery field. After the seedlings reach the suitable planting conditions, transplant the seedlings to the cadmium-contaminated fields.

[0055] Seedling raising test setup: The above-mentioned Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are single seedling raising areas, and the entire seedling raising field is divided into 24 small areas. All small areas are in the same field, and the growth environment, soil fertility and other conditions are completely consistent. Every 4 small areas are a seedling raising area (4 repeated experiments), with a total of 6 seedling raising areas. The rice seeds soaked with the composite seed soaking agent in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are raised in seedling raising areas 1-6 in turn;

[0056] Transplanting test setup: The above examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were transplanted in a single growing area, and the entire field was divided into 24 plots, each with an area of ​​20 m 2, leaving 25cm space between the plots, and no ridges. All plots are in the same field, and the growth environment, soil fertility and other conditions are completely the same. Every 4 plots are a growth zone (4 repeated experiments), a total of 6 growth zones, growth zones 1-6 are transplanted with rice seedlings soaked with the composite seed soaking agent in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 in turn;

[0057] The same agronomic management measures and water management conditions were used in all growing areas. After the rice matured, the rice samples were collected, the brown rice part was removed from the husk, crushed, and the cadmium content in the brown rice was determined by three-acid digestion-graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry in accordance with the method of "GB5009.15-2014 National Food Safety Standard Determination of Cadmium in Food", and the cadmium reduction effect was evaluated.

[0058] Other field water and fertilizer management methods and pest and disease control methods remain consistent with traditional methods. After the rice matures (early November), the rice is harvested and the yield is measured in each plot. The rice grains are collected and threshed; and the cadmium content in the rice is measured.

[0059] The method for determining the cadmium content of brown rice is as follows: take 0.1g brown rice powder sample, add 5mL nitric acid and 3.0mL hydrogen peroxide solution, cover and cold digest overnight, digest for 2h using a graphite digester and dilute to 25mL, and analyze and determine the cadmium concentration in the digestion solution using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0060] Table 1 Differences in cadmium content in brown rice in different growing areas

[0061] Growth Area deal with Cadmium content in brown rice (mg / kg) 1 Example 1 0.110±0.021 2 Example 2 0.106±0.018 3 Example 3 0.101±0.012 4 Comparative Example 1 0.396±0.047 5 Comparative Example 2 0.313±0.058 6 Comparative Example 3 0.462±0.053

[0062] Note 1: Except for the different seed soaking agents, the other conventional cultivation methods of each group in the table are the same.

[0063] Note 2: According to the requirements of "GB 2762-2022 National Food Safety Standard Limits of Contaminants in Food", the cadmium content of qualified rice is less than or equal to 0.2 mg / kg.

[0064] According to the experimental results of the above embodiments, the present invention utilizes the synergistic effect of melatonin and α-ketoglutaric acid, and can significantly reduce the absorption capacity of rice for heavy metal cadmium in the soil during rice seed soaking, and the cadmium reduction efficiency can reach more than 75%, and the cadmium content in rice can be reduced to less than or equal to 0.2 mg / kg by using only a seed soaking agent. The technical problem that the seed soaking agent in the prior art can only reduce the cadmium reduction efficiency in brown rice to about 20-40% at most is solved.

[0065] In summary, the present invention discloses a composite seed soaking agent for reducing cadmium in rice and a seed soaking method thereof. The composite seed soaking agent comprises the following components: a melatonin concentration of 0.1-0.3 mmol / L; an alpha-ketoglutaric acid concentration of 1.5-3 mmol / L; and a solvent of water. After soaking rice seeds in the composite seed soaking agent for 12-24 hours, the rice seeds are fished out, dried naturally, and waited for germination. After the germination reaches a suitable sowing condition, the rice seeds are sown into a rice seedling field. After the rice seedlings reach a suitable planting condition, the rice seedlings are transplanted into a cadmium-contaminated field, and the accumulated cadmium content of cadmium-contaminated brown rice can be significantly reduced. In the present invention, the synergistic effect of melatonin and alpha-ketoglutaric acid is utilized, and when the rice seeds are soaked, the absorption capacity of the rice to the heavy metal cadmium in the soil can be greatly reduced, and the cadmium reduction efficiency can reach more than 75%.

[0066] At this point, those skilled in the art recognize that, although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications that conform to the principles of the present invention can still be directly determined or derived based on the contents disclosed in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and recognized as covering all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A rice cadmium-reducing composite seed soaking agent, characterized in that: The composite seed soaking agent is composed of the following components: Medicaments and solvents; The medicament is: melatonin; α-ketoglutaric acid; the solvent is water; The composite seed soaking agent component formula is: Melatonin concentration is 0.1-0.3mmol / L; α-ketoglutaric acid concentration is 1.5-3mmol / L; the balance is water; The medicine is powder or other preparations.

2. A rice cadmium-reducing composite seed soaking agent as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The composite seed soaking agent component formula is: The concentration of melatonin is 0.2mmol / L; the concentration of α-ketoglutaric acid is 2mmol / L; and the balance is water.

3. The method for preparing a cadmium-reducing composite seed soaking agent for rice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method is: According to the concentration requirements and the preparation amount, melatonin, α-ketoglutaric acid and water are weighed; melatonin is directly put into water to dissolve, and after stirring evenly, α-ketoglutaric acid is added, and stirring and dissolving evenly to obtain a composite seed soaking agent.

4. A rice seed soaking method using a cadmium-reducing composite seed soaking agent as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The seed soaking method comprises: soaking the rice seeds in a composite seed soaking agent; and the dosage of the composite seed soaking agent is: during the seed soaking, the seed soaking agent should completely cover the rice seeds and completely soak the rice seeds.

5. The seed soaking method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The seed soaking time is 15-24 hours, and the rice varieties include but are not limited to Huanghuazhan.

6. The seed soaking method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: After the soaking is completed, the seeds are taken out and dried naturally, waiting for germination. After the germination reaches the suitable sowing conditions, the rice seeds are sown into the rice seedling field. After the rice seedlings reach the suitable planting conditions, the rice seedlings are transplanted to the cadmium-contaminated fields.

7. A rice seed soaking method using a cadmium-reducing composite seed soaking agent as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The seed soaking temperature is 25-30°C.

8. The cadmium-reducing composite seed soaking agent for rice according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The rice cadmium-reducing composite seed soaking agent is used for reducing cadmium accumulation in brown rice.