Front-end component and endoscope

Abstract

The present invention discloses a front-end component and an endoscope, relating to the technical field of endoscopes. The front-end component includes: a body, a light source, a polarizer, and an adjusting mechanism. By arranging the adjusting mechanism in the instrument channel of the body and driving the polarizer in the body to rotate by means of the adjusting mechanism, the polarization angle of the light emitted by the light source after passing through the polarizer can be changed during the rotation of the polarizer. In the front-end component provided in the embodiment of the present application, the polarization angle of the light passing through the polarizer is adjusted by the adjusting mechanism arranged in the instrument channel, which can not only make the light emitted from the front-end component have a specified polarization angle, but also make the structure of the entire front-end component more compact, thereby facilitating the reduction of the volume of the entire front-end component, and solving the problem that in the prior art, the light in the flexible endoscope cannot pass through the polarizer at a specified angle, and thus the specified polarization state of the light cannot be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of endoscopes, and particularly to a front-end component and an endoscope. Background Art

[0002] Nerve tissue is the basic component that constitutes nerve plexuses. There are many microscopic structures in the nerve tissue of the human body, such as cells, collagen fibers, and bone structures, etc., which have different effects on the polarization state of light.

[0003] In the prior art, the use of polarized light to obtain information about nerve tissue has been applied in rigid endoscopes (endoscopes with a non-flexible body). Due to the protection of the rigid endoscope, the optical fiber can be regarded as an ideal uniform and circular light guiding medium. The light emitted by the light source can pass through the polarizer at a specified angle, and the polarization state of the light can be completely retained. Therefore, by irradiating polarized light at multiple angles and receiving the polarized light reflection signals at multiple angles, and analyzing the polarization image, information about the structure and characteristics of nerve tissue can be obtained.

[0004] The nerve plexuses of the human viscera mainly refer to a part of the autonomic nervous system, which are distributed in the viscera, cardiovascular system, and glands, and mainly regulate the functions of these organs. Due to individual differences (such as age, gender, disease type, etc.), the location and distribution of the visceral nerve plexuses may vary.

[0005] However, since the visceral nerve plexuses are very sensitive to stimulation, special care needs to be taken during surgery or examination to avoid damaging these nerve plexuses and causing dysfunction. This makes the use of rigid endoscopes very limited, and it will be difficult to use rigid endoscopes to detect the nerve tissue of the viscera in most cases.

[0006] For flexible endoscopes (endoscopes with a flexible and bendable body), although they can be inserted into the natural cavity more freely, due to the curved and irregular state of the natural cavity, the optical fiber will inevitably have shape defects and local stress concentration, resulting in the light in the flexible endoscope not being able to pass through the polarizer at a specified angle, and thus unable to ensure that the light has a specified polarization state, that is, a part of the light will leak to the perpendicular polarization direction, reducing the degree of polarization. Even after the light is transmitted through the optical fiber for a certain distance, the polarization state of the light will change, which makes it difficult for flexible endoscopes to obtain the polarization image of nerve tissue. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention discloses a front-end component and an endoscope to at least partially improve the above technical problems.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a front-end component, including: a body, a light source, a polarizer, and an adjustment mechanism. The body is penetrated and formed with an instrument channel. The light source is disposed in the body, and the light source is configured to emit light toward the distal end of the body. The polarizer is disposed in the body and is located on the light-emitting path of the light source. The adjustment mechanism is disposed in the instrument channel, the adjustment mechanism is connected to the polarizer, and the adjustment mechanism is configured to drive the polarizer to rotate so as to change the polarization angle of the polarizer with respect to the light.

[0010] In one embodiment, the adjustment mechanism includes: an adjustment tube and a transmission assembly. The adjustment tube is movably disposed in the instrument channel along the axial direction of the instrument channel. The transmission assembly is connected between the polarizer and the adjustment tube. The adjustment tube is configured to drive the transmission assembly and drive the polarizer to rotate when the adjustment tube receives a force along the axial direction of the instrument channel.

[0011] In one embodiment, a first installation cavity and a second installation cavity are further formed in the body. The transmission assembly includes a first gear and a second gear. The first gear is disposed in the first installation cavity and on the outer periphery of the adjustment tube. The second gear is disposed in the second installation cavity and on the outer periphery of the polarizer.

[0012] A first limiting structure is disposed on the inner surface of the first gear, and a second limiting structure is disposed on the outer surface of the adjustment tube. One of the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure is a limiting groove, and the other is a limiting protrusion. The second limiting structure is spirally disposed on the outer surface of the adjustment tube.

[0013] In one embodiment, a relief structure for reducing the contact area between the first gear and the inner wall of the first installation cavity is disposed on at least one of the side wall in the axial direction of the first gear and the inner wall of the first installation cavity.

[0014] And / or, a relief structure for reducing the contact area between the second gear and the inner wall of the second installation cavity is disposed on at least one of the side wall in the axial direction of the second gear and the inner wall of the second installation cavity.

[0015] In one embodiment, the adjustment mechanism further includes: a driving structure. The driving structure is connected to the adjustment tube and is configured to apply an external force for moving the adjustment tube along the axial direction of the instrument channel so as to drive the adjustment tube to move along the axial direction of the instrument channel.

[0016] In one embodiment, the adjustment tube includes: a fixing portion, an elastic portion, and an adjustment portion arranged from the proximal end to the distal end. The fixing portion is connected to the inner wall of the instrument channel, the driving structure is connected to the adjustment portion, and the elastic portion is configured to drive the elastic portion to reset when the external force applied to the adjustment tube disappears.

[0017] In one embodiment, the elastic portion includes a bellows and a spring. The bellows is connected between the fixing portion and the adjustment portion, and the spring is connected between the fixing portion and the adjustment portion and is located at the gap of the corrugations of the bellows.

[0018] In one embodiment, the driving structure is used to drive the adjustment tube to extend out of the instrument channel. The front-end assembly further includes: an imaging module, the imaging module is arranged on the distal end face of the body. During at least part of the movement of the adjustment tube in the instrument channel, the distal end of the adjustment portion is within the field of view of the imaging module, and a scale value is arranged on the outer surface of the distal end of the adjustment portion.

[0019] In one embodiment, the front-end assembly further includes: an illumination module, the illumination module is arranged on the distal end face of the body.

[0020] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application further provides an endoscope, including the front-end assembly as described above.

[0021] The technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The front-end assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application, by arranging an adjustment mechanism in the instrument channel of the body and driving the polarizer in the body to rotate by using the adjustment mechanism, the polarization angle of the light emitted by the light source after passing through the polarizer can be changed during the rotation of the polarizer. In the front-end assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application, the polarization angle of the light passing through the polarizer is adjusted by using the adjustment mechanism arranged in the instrument channel, which can not only make the light emitted from the front-end assembly have a specified polarization angle, but also make the structure of the whole front-end assembly more compact, thereby facilitating the reduction of the volume of the whole front-end assembly, and solving the problem that in the prior art, the light in the flexible endoscope cannot pass through the polarizer at a specified angle, and thus the light cannot have a specified polarization state. When the front-end assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application is applied to an endoscope, the above technical problems can also be solved. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 Shows a schematic structural diagram of an endoscope in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 Is Figure 1 An enlarged view of part A in;

[0026] Figure 3 Shows a cross-sectional view of a section of an endoscope in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 Is Figure 3 An enlarged view of part B in;

[0028] Figure 5 Shows a partial cross-sectional view of another section of an endoscope in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 Shows a partial cross-sectional view of yet another section of an endoscope in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 Shows a schematic structural diagram of an adjusting mechanism in an endoscope driving a polarizer to rotate in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 Is Figure 5 An enlarged view of part E in;

[0032] Figure 9 Is Figure 4 An enlarged view of part C in;

[0033] Figure 10 Is Figure 4 An enlarged view of part D in.

[0034] In the figure: 1, endoscope; 10, front-end component; 110, body; 111, instrument channel; 112, first mounting cavity; 113, second mounting cavity; 120, light source; 130, polarizer; 140, adjustment mechanism; 141, adjustment tube; 1411, fixing part; 1412, elastic part; 1412a, corrugated pipe; 1412b, spring; 1413, adjustment part; 1414, second limiting structure; 142, transmission component; 1421, first gear; 1421a, first limiting structure; 1422, second gear; 143, driving structure; 150, camera module; 160, lighting module; 170, avoidance structure. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

[0036] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order different from those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. generally belong to the same category, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or multiple. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0037] In the embodiments of this application, "proximal end" and "distal end" refer to the relative distances of each component from the user in the usage environment. Among them, the end closer to the user is designated as the "proximal end", and the end farther from the user is designated as the "distal end".

[0038] The inventive concept of this application is described here:

[0039] Nerve tissue is the basic component that constitutes nerve plexuses. There are many microscopic structures in the nerve tissue of the human body, such as cells, collagen fibers, and bone structures, etc., which have different effects on the polarization state of light.

[0040] In the prior art, the application of obtaining information of nerve tissue by using polarized light has been used in a rigid endoscope (an endoscope with a non-bendable body). Due to the protection of the rigid endoscope, the optical fiber can be regarded as an ideal uniform and circular light guiding medium. The light emitted by the light source can pass through the polarizer at a specified angle and can completely retain the polarization state of the light. Therefore, by irradiating polarized light at multiple angles and receiving the reflected signals of polarized light at multiple angles, and by analyzing the polarization image, information about the structure and characteristics of nerve tissue can be obtained.

[0041] The nerve plexuses of the human viscera mainly refer to a part of the autonomic nervous system, which are distributed in the viscera, blood vessels and glands, and mainly regulate the functions of these organs. Due to individual differences (such as age, gender, disease type, etc.), the location and distribution of the visceral nerve plexuses may vary.

[0042] However, since the visceral nerve plexuses are very sensitive to stimulation, special care needs to be taken during surgery or examination to avoid damaging these nerve plexuses and causing dysfunction, which makes the use of rigid endoscopes very limited, and it will be difficult to use rigid endoscopes to detect the nerve tissue of the viscera in most cases.

[0043] For a flexible endoscope (an endoscope with a flexible and bendable body), although it can be inserted into the natural cavity more freely, due to the curved and irregular state of the natural cavity, the optical fiber will inevitably have shape defects and local stress concentration, resulting in the light in the flexible endoscope not being able to pass through the polarizer at a specified angle, and thus unable to ensure that the light has a specified polarization state, that is, a part of the light will leak to the perpendicular polarization direction, reducing the degree of polarization. Even after a certain distance of optical fiber transmission, the polarization state of the light will change, which will make it difficult for the flexible endoscope to obtain the polarization image of nerve tissue.

[0044] Based on this, the inventor provides a front-end component, and this front-end component has an adjustment mechanism that can be used to change the polarization angle of the polarizer for light to solve the above problems. At the same time, considering that the front-end component needs to be made as small as possible in size, the inventor sets the aforementioned adjustment mechanism in the instrument channel to make the structure of the entire front-end component more compact, and thus make the size of the front-end component smaller.

[0045] The following combines the attached Figures 1 to 10 , and through specific embodiments and their application scenarios, a front-end component 10 and an endoscope 1 provided by the present application are described in detail.

[0046] Please also refer to Figures 1 - 5, an embodiment of the present application provides an endoscope 1, which may have a front-end component 10, and the front-end component 10 may be used to emit polarized light for detecting nerve tissue in a patient's body. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the structures of the endoscope 1 other than the front-end component 10 may refer to the structure of the endoscope 1 in the prior art, which will not be elaborated here.

[0047] Specifically, please refer to Figures 2 - 5 simultaneously, the front-end component 10 may include: a body 110, a light source 120, a polarizer 130, and an adjustment mechanism 140.

[0048] The body 110 may be provided with a through-hole and form an instrument channel 111. In this embodiment, the body 110 may serve as a carrier for other components such as the light source 120, the polarizer 130, and the adjustment mechanism 140.

[0049] The light source 120 may be disposed within the body 110, and the light source 120 may be used to emit light towards the distal end of the body 110, and the light may change its deflection angle after passing through the polarizer 130, so that it can be used to obtain a polarized image of nerve tissue. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific form and structure of the light source 120. For example, in some embodiments, the light source 120 may adopt a lamp tube or a light-emitting diode that can emit natural light, and can be specifically set according to actual situations.

[0050] The polarizer 130 may be disposed within the body 110 and located on the light-emitting path of the light source 120. The polarizer 130 may be used to change the polarization state of the light emitted by the light source 120 to convert the natural light emitted by the light source 120 into polarized light. The embodiment of the present application also does not limit the specific form and structure of the polarizer 130. For example, in some embodiments, the polarizer 130 may be a polyvinyl alcohol polarizer or a polyvinyl alcohol polarizer, etc., and can be specifically set according to actual situations.

[0051] The adjustment mechanism 140 may be disposed within the instrument channel 111. The adjustment mechanism 140 may be connected to the polarizer 130, and the adjustment mechanism 140 may be used to drive the polarizer 130 to rotate to change the polarization angle of the polarizer 130 with respect to the light. In this embodiment, the polarizer 130 may preferably be set to a circular structure, which is convenient for the adjustment mechanism 140 to drive the polarizer 130 to rotate.

[0052] In this embodiment, the polarization angle of the light passing through the polarizer 130 can be adjusted by the adjusting mechanism 140 disposed in the instrument channel 111. This not only enables the light emitted from the front-end assembly 10 to have a specified polarization angle, but also makes the structure of the entire front-end assembly 10 more compact, thereby facilitating the reduction of the volume of the entire front-end assembly 10. This solves the problem in the prior art that the light in the flexible endoscope cannot pass through the polarizer 130 at a specified angle, and thus the light cannot be guaranteed to have a specified polarization state.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 6 , in a specific embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 140 may include an adjusting tube 141 and a transmission assembly 142. The adjusting tube 141 may be movably disposed in the instrument channel 111 along the axial direction of the instrument channel 111, that is, at least a part of the adjusting tube 141 can be selectively extended out of the instrument channel 111. The transmission assembly 142 may be connected between the polarizer 130 and the adjusting tube 141. In this embodiment, the adjusting tube 141 may be configured such that when the adjusting tube 141 receives a force along the axial direction of the instrument channel 111, it drives the transmission assembly 142 and drives the polarizer 130 to rotate. That is, in this embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 140 can drive the rotation of the polarizer 130 through its own axial movement to achieve the change of the polarization angle of the light emitted by the light source 120.

[0054] Please also refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the specific form of the transmission assembly 142 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, in one embodiment, the transmission assembly 142 may include a first gear 1421 and a second gear 1422. The first gear 1421 may be meshed with the second gear 1422, and the first gear 1421 may be disposed on the outer periphery of the adjusting tube 141, and the second gear 1422 may be disposed on the outer periphery of the polarizer 130. In this way, the adjusting tube 141 can drive the second gear 1422 to rotate during the process of driving the first gear 1421 to rotate, and thus can drive the polarizer 130 to rotate.

[0055] As described above, in this embodiment, since the adjustment tube 141 is configured to drive the transmission assembly 142 when the adjustment tube 141 is subjected to a force in the axial direction of the instrument channel 111. Specifically, in this embodiment, a first installation cavity 112 and a second installation cavity 113 are further formed in the main body 110, and the first installation cavity 112 and the second installation cavity 113 can be used to accommodate the first gear 1421 and the second gear 1422 respectively. The first gear 1421 can be disposed in the first installation cavity 112 and a first limiting structure 1421a can be provided on the inner surface of the first gear 1421. A second limiting structure 1414 can be provided on the outer surface of the adjustment tube 141. One of the first limiting structure 1421a and the second limiting structure 1414 can be a limiting groove, and the other can be a limiting protrusion. The limiting protrusion can be slidably disposed in the limiting groove, wherein the second limiting structure 1414 can be spirally provided on the outer surface of the adjustment tube 141. During the process of the adjustment tube 141 moving in the axial direction of the instrument channel 111, the second limiting structure 1414 and the first limiting structure 1421a can cooperate with each other, so that the first gear 1421 rotates, and then the second gear 1422 can be driven to rotate, and finally the polarizing plate 130 is driven to rotate. That is to say, in this embodiment, the movement of the adjustment tube 141 in the axial direction can be converted into the rotation of the polarizing plate 130, which can not only realize the rotation of the polarizing plate 130 but also is easy to operate.

[0056] Please also refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , further, in one embodiment, a relief structure 170 for reducing the contact area between the first gear 1421 and the inner wall of the first installation cavity 112 is provided on at least one of the side walls in the axial direction of the first gear 1421 and the inner wall of the first installation cavity 112. The specific form of the relief structure 170 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, in one embodiment, the relief structure 170 can be a protrusion or a groove, etc., and can be specifically set according to the actual situation.

[0057] Similarly, in one embodiment, a relief structure 170 for reducing the contact area between the second gear 1422 and the inner wall of the second installation cavity 113 is provided on at least one of the side walls in the axial direction of the second gear 1422 and the inner wall of the second installation cavity 113. For the specific description of the first gear 1421 and the first installation cavity 112, reference can be made to the foregoing description, and details are not described herein again.

[0058] Please also refer to Figure 4 and Figure 10, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific structure of the adjustment tube 141 either. For example, in one embodiment, the adjustment tube 141 may include a fixed portion 1411, an elastic portion 1412, and an adjustment portion 1413 arranged from the proximal end to the distal end. As mentioned above, in this embodiment, the first gear 1421 may be sleeved on the adjustment portion 1413, and the second limiting structure 1414 may also be sleeved on the adjustment portion 1413. The fixed portion 1411 may be connected to the inner wall of the instrument channel 111, and the elastic portion 1412 may be configured to drive the adjustment portion 1413 to reset when the external force applied to the adjustment tube 141 disappears. That is to say, in this embodiment, since the adjustment tube 141 has the elastic portion 1412, the adjustment tube 141 can have an automatic reset function, that is, only by directly removing the external force in the axial direction of the adjustment tube 141, the adjustment tube 141 can automatically return to the instrument channel 111.

[0059] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific structure of the elastic portion 1412. For example, in one embodiment, the elastic portion 1412 may include a bellows 1412a and a spring 1412b. The bellows 1412a may be connected between the fixed portion 1411 and the adjustment portion 1413, and the spring 1412b may also be connected between the fixed portion 1411 and the adjustment portion 1413, and the spring 1412b may be arranged in the gap of the corrugations of the bellows 1412a, which can make full use of the space of the bellows 1412a and is beneficial to enhancing the restoring force of the elastic portion 1412.

[0060] Please refer to again Figure 4 and Figure 7 , in addition, in some embodiments, the adjustment mechanism 140 may further include a driving structure 143. The driving structure 143 may be connected to the adjustment tube 141, specifically to the adjustment portion 1413. The driving structure 143 may be used to apply an external force to the adjustment tube 141 to move it in the axial direction of the instrument channel 111, so as to drive the adjustment tube 141 to move in the axial direction of the instrument channel 111. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific form of the driving structure 143. For example, in one embodiment, the driving structure 143 may be a motor, a cylinder, etc., which can make the entire driving structure 143 more automated. Another example is that in one embodiment, the driving structure 143 may be a rod and may be arranged to be actively controlled manually by the operator, which can enable the operator to more clearly control the rotation angle of the polarizer 130.

[0061] In some embodiments, the driving structure 143 can be used to drive the adjusting tube 141 to extend out of the instrument channel 111. In this embodiment, the front-end assembly 10 can further include a camera module 150. The camera module 150 can be disposed on the distal end surface of the body 110. During at least part of the movement of the adjusting tube 141 within the instrument channel 111, the distal end of the adjusting portion 1413 is within the field of view of the camera module 150. This allows the operator to observe the specific position of the adjusting tube 141 during the process of controlling the extension of the adjusting tube 141, thereby avoiding or reducing the possibility that the adjusting tube 141 touches or squeezes the natural cavity in the patient's body due to the extension of the adjusting tube 141 out of the instrument channel 111.

[0062] Furthermore, in one embodiment, scale values can be provided on the outer surface of the distal end of the adjusting portion 1413. This enables a one-to-one mapping relationship between the length of the adjusting tube 141 extending out of the instrument channel 111 and the rotation angle of the polarizer 130, thereby facilitating the operator to more intuitively obtain the rotation angle of the polarizer 130 or the extension length of the adjusting tube 141.

[0063] Please refer to again Figure 2 and Figure 6 , in addition, in some embodiments, the front-end assembly 10 can further include an illumination module 160. The illumination module 160 can be disposed on the distal end surface of the body 110. The illumination module 160 can be used to emit light and illuminate the natural cavity of the patient, thereby facilitating the operator to observe the extension of the adjusting tube 141 and the scale values on the outer surface of the distal end of the adjusting portion 1413.

[0064] In summary, for the front-end assembly 10 provided by the embodiments of the present application, by disposing an adjusting mechanism 140 within the instrument channel 111 of the body 110 and using the adjusting mechanism 140 to drive the rotation of the polarizer 130 within the body 110, the polarization angle of the light emitted by the light source 120 after passing through the polarizer 130 can be changed during the rotation of the polarizer 130. In the front-end assembly 10 provided by the embodiments of the present application, by using the adjusting mechanism 140 disposed within the instrument channel 111 to adjust the polarization angle of the light passing through the polarizer 130, not only can the light emitted from the front-end assembly 10 have a specified polarization angle, but also the structure of the entire front-end assembly 10 can be made more compact, thereby facilitating the reduction of the volume of the entire front-end assembly 10, and solving the problem in the prior art that the light in the flexible endoscope cannot maintain a specified angle passing through the polarizer 130, and thus cannot ensure that the light has a specified polarization state. When the front-end assembly 10 provided by the embodiments of the present application is applied to the endoscope 1, the above technical problems can also be solved.

[0065] It should be noted that in this article, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including that element.

[0066] In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0067] As described above, the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A front end assembly, applied to an endoscope, characterized in that: include: A body, wherein the body is penetrated and formed with an instrument channel; A light source, the light source is disposed in the body and is used to emit light toward the far end of the body; A polarizer, which is disposed in the body and located on the light output path of the light source; as well as An adjusting mechanism is disposed in the instrument channel, the adjusting mechanism is connected to the polarizer, and the adjusting mechanism is used to drive the polarizer to rotate so as to change the polarization angle of the polarizer to light; the adjusting mechanism comprises: an adjusting tube and a transmission assembly, the adjusting tube is movably disposed in the instrument channel along the axial direction of the instrument channel, the transmission assembly is connected between the polarizer and the adjusting tube, and the adjusting tube is configured to drive the transmission assembly and drive the polarizer to rotate when the adjusting tube is subjected to a force along the axial direction of the instrument channel.

2. The front end assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first mounting cavity and a second mounting cavity are also formed in the body, and the transmission assembly includes a first gear and a second gear, the first gear is arranged in the first mounting cavity and arranged on the outer periphery of the adjustment tube, and the second gear is arranged in the second mounting cavity and arranged on the outer periphery of the polarizer; A first limiting structure is provided on the inner surface of the first gear, and a second limiting structure is provided on the outer surface of the adjusting tube. One of the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure is a limiting groove, and the other is a limiting protrusion. The second limiting structure is spirally provided on the outer surface of the adjusting tube.

3. The front end assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: A relief structure for reducing a contact area between the first gear and the first mounting cavity is provided on at least one of a side wall in the axial direction of the first gear and an inner wall of the first mounting cavity; And / or, a avoidance structure for reducing a contact area between the second gear and the second installation cavity is provided on at least one of a side wall of the second gear in the axial direction and an inner wall of the second installation cavity.

4. The front end assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism further includes: a driving structure, which is connected to the adjustment tube and is used to apply an external force to the adjustment tube to move along the axial direction of the instrument channel, so as to drive the adjustment tube to move along the axial direction of the instrument channel.

5. The front end assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting tube comprises: a fixing portion, an elastic portion and an adjusting portion arranged from the proximal end to the distal end, the fixing portion is connected to the inner wall of the instrument channel, the driving structure is connected to the adjusting portion, and the elastic portion is configured to drive the adjusting portion to reset when the external force applied to the adjusting tube disappears.

6. The front end assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that The elastic part includes a bellows and a spring. The bellows is connected between the fixing part and the adjusting part. The spring is connected between the fixing part and the adjusting part and is located at a gap between the bellows.

7. The front end assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving structure is used to drive the adjusting tube to extend out of the instrument channel. The front end component also includes: a camera module, which is arranged on the distal surface of the main body. During at least part of the movement of the adjusting tube in the instrument channel, the distal end of the adjusting part is located within the field of view of the camera module, and the outer surface of the distal end of the adjusting part is provided with a scale value.

8. The front end assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The front end component also includes: a lighting module, and the lighting module is arranged on the distal end surface of the body.

9. An endoscope, characterized in that: Comprising a front end assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1-8.

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