Shifting fork shaft assembly structure of manual transmission

Abstract

The invention discloses a shifting fork shaft assembly structure of a manual transmission, and belongs to the field of manual transmissions. A fifth-sixth gear shifting arm, a third-fourth gear shifting arm and a reverse gear shifting arm are fixedly arranged on a fifth-sixth gear shifting fork shaft, a third-fourth gear shifting fork shaft and a reverse gear shifting fork shaft respectively, and a first-second gear shifting fork assembly is fixedly arranged on a first-second gear shifting fork shaft. The third and fourth gear shifting fork assembly, the fifth and sixth gear shifting fork assembly and the reverse gear shifting fork assembly are provided with notches matched with a third and fourth gear shifting arm, a fifth and sixth gear shifting arm and a reverse gear shifting arm respectively. The third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shifting handle and the reverse first and second gear shifting handle are fixedly installed on the gear shifting shaft, the interlocking plate is installed on a middle connecting plate of a casing through the interlocking plate gasket and the interlocking plate bolt, the shifting fork shaft is provided with an annular interlocking groove and three ball sockets, and the self-locking spring set is pressed into the middle ball socket to be positioned at the neutral position of the shifting fork shaft. Gear shifting and reversing operation is achieved through the lever principle, the phenomena of gear skipping and gear disorder in the driving process can be effectively avoided, a gearbox and an engine are protected, and meanwhile the driving safety of a user is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of manual transmissions, and in particular relates to a novel manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure. Background Art

[0002] As competition in the automobile market becomes increasingly fierce, the design of powertrain output layout has become diversified, and users' requirements for vehicle shifting performance and safety have also increased. Clear, light and good feel of the transmission have become important work directions for OEMs.

[0003] At present, there are two structural forms of transmission shift mechanisms: direct-operated shift mechanisms and soft-operated shift mechanisms. The feel of direct-operated shift mechanisms and soft-operated shift mechanisms is different. The direct-operated shift mechanism relies on the transmission to ensure self-locking, interlocking, and limiting functions. If the transmission does not have self-locking, interlocking, and limiting functions, it will affect the feel, clarity, and safety of the entire vehicle. If the transmission has fewer limits for selecting shifts, the other parts will shake with it during shifting, which is prone to skipping and mis-shifting, which will reduce the life of the engine and transmission to a certain extent and also bring potential dangers to the driving process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a manual transmission shift fork shaft assembly structure to solve the problem of gear skipping and gear disorder when shifting during vehicle driving.

[0005] The present invention aims to realize the shifting operation by using two shifting handles while ensuring excellent gear selection and shifting performance. Two springs are provided to ensure the initial neutral position, and the shift fork shaft has a matching position and an avoidance position. In this way, the two shifting handles can directly manipulate the shift fork shaft to complete the shifting action, thereby reducing the use of shift arm parts and making the shifting structure more compact. When the gear arrangement does not meet the gear output of the whole vehicle, the shift fork assembly cooperates with the outer casing and uses the lever principle to realize the shifting direction, ensuring that the whole vehicle outputs the international standard gear. By designing the interlocking plate, the self-locking spring group and the shift fork shaft to cooperate, the phenomenon of disordered gears during the driving of the whole vehicle is avoided. A limiting structure (clamp ring) is added to the shift fork shaft to ensure that the gear shifting distance of each gear of the whole vehicle is consistent and the gear clarity is improved. While shortening the length of the shift fork shaft, it is ensured that the relevant parts will not shake, avoiding the phenomenon of disordered gears and skipping gears. In addition, special anti-friction measures are added to the shift fork foot to extend the life of the parts and provide safety protection for the driver.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A manual transmission shift fork shaft assembly structure, comprising four self-locking spring groups, three shift arms, four shift fork shafts, two return springs, two shift handles, four shift fork assemblies, an interlocking plate, a spring limit shaft, a shift shaft and an interlocking plate gasket; the three shift arms are respectively a fifth-sixth gear shift arm, a third-fourth gear shift arm and a reverse gear shift arm; the four shift fork shafts are respectively a third-fourth gear shift fork shaft, a fifth-sixth gear shift fork shaft, a first-second gear shift fork shaft and a reverse gear shift fork shaft; the two return springs are respectively a reverse first-second gear return spring and a third-fourth-fifth-sixth gear return spring; the two shift handles are respectively a third-fourth-fifth-sixth gear shift handle and a reverse first-second gear shift handle; the four shift fork assemblies are respectively a reverse gear shift fork assembly, a first-second gear shift fork assembly, a third-fourth-gear shift fork assembly and a fifth-sixth gear shift fork assembly;

[0008] The fifth and sixth gear shift arm is fixedly mounted on the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft, the third and fourth gear shift arm is fixedly mounted on the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft, and the reverse gear shift arm is fixedly mounted on the reverse gear shift fork shaft;

[0009] The first and second gear shift fork assembly is fixedly mounted on the first and second gear shift fork shaft, the shift fork of the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly is provided with a notch 1 that matches the third and fourth gear shift arm, the shift fork of the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly is provided with a notch 2 that matches the fifth and sixth gear shift arm, and the shift fork of the reverse gear shift fork assembly is provided with a notch 3 that matches the reverse gear shift arm; the two ends of the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly, the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly and the reverse gear shift fork assembly are respectively detachably connected to the inner wall of the outer casing for axial positioning;

[0010] The third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handles and the reverse first and second gear shift handles are fixedly mounted on the shift shaft from left to right respectively; the first and second gear shift fork shaft outer wall is provided with a first and second gear shift fork shaft operating groove matching the reverse first and second gear shift handle, the reverse gear shift fork shaft outer wall is provided with a reverse gear shift fork shaft operating groove matching the reverse first and second gear shift handle, the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft outer wall is provided with a third and fourth gear shift fork shaft operating groove matching the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle, and the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft outer wall is provided with a fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft operating groove matching the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle; the interlocking plate is mounted on the center connecting plate of the casing through an interlocking plate gasket and an interlocking plate bolt;

[0011] The outer walls of the four shift fork shafts are provided with an annular interlocking groove to cooperate with the interlocking plate to achieve interlocking;

[0012] Three ball sockets are arranged side by side along the axial direction on the outer walls of the four fork shafts. The self-locking spring group presses the self-locking steel ball into the ball socket located in the middle of the fork shaft under the elastic force of the spring, and positions the self-locking steel ball in the neutral position of the fork shaft.

[0013] The return springs for the first and second reverse gears and the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gears are all mounted on the shift shaft and are located on the left and right sides of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handles. One end of the return spring for the first and second reverse gears is fixed on the spring limiting shaft, which is fixed on the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handles. The other end of the return spring for the first and second reverse gears is clamped on the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft, one end of the return spring for the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gears is clamped on the reverse gear fork shaft, and the other end of the return spring for the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gears is clamped on the spring limiting shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, fork locating holes are respectively provided at both ends of the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly, the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly and the reverse gear shift fork assembly, and friction-reducing bushings are fixedly installed in the fork locating holes. The third and fourth gear shift fork assembly, the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly and the reverse gear shift fork assembly are detachably connected to the outer casing by locating bolts inserted into the fork locating holes.

[0015] Furthermore, the reverse gear shift fork assembly, the first and second gear shift fork assembly, the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly and the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly have the same structure, and all include a shift fork and two shift pins, and the two ends of the inner side wall of the shift fork are respectively fixed with the shift pins.

[0016] Furthermore, the push pin is made of nylon.

[0017] Furthermore, clamping rings are respectively fixed on the outer walls of the four fork shafts to cooperate with the end surface of the casing to play a limiting role.

[0018] Furthermore, a second ball socket is provided at the right end of the outer wall of the shift shaft, the assist spring assembly cooperates with the second ball socket, and the assist spring assembly is connected to the transmission housing.

[0019] Furthermore, a large diameter cylindrical section is provided on the first and second gear shift fork shafts.

[0020] Furthermore, the left and right side walls of the first and second gear shift fork shaft operating groove, the reverse gear shift fork shaft operating groove, the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft operating groove, and the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft operating groove are all provided with curved grooves.

[0021] Furthermore, the interlocking plate is symmetrically provided with two interlocking plate bolt insertion holes, the interlocking plate bolt insertion holes are matched with the interlocking plate bolt clearance, the left side wall and the right side wall of the interlocking plate are respectively processed with shaped line one and shaped line three, the lower ends of the left side wall and the right side wall of the interlocking plate are provided with outer edges, and the bottom surface of the interlocking plate is symmetrically provided with two notches, the notch on the left side is processed with shaped line two, and the notch on the right side is processed with shaped line four.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure of the present invention realizes the shifting and reversing operation by lever principle. When the gear arrangement changes, the operation can still be performed according to the original shifting sequence. Two return springs are used to ensure the neutral position in the design, and interlocking, self-locking, end face limit and wear reduction measures are set. These designs can effectively avoid the phenomenon of shifting and disordered gears during driving, thereby protecting the gearbox and the engine, while greatly improving the driving safety of users and enhancing the market competitiveness of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure of the present invention, which is a structural schematic diagram of a neutral position;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between a manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure and an outer casing of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure of the present invention inside an outer casing when in neutral;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the layout state of a manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure in the first gear of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the layout state of a manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure in the second gear of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the layout state of a manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure in the third gear of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the layout state of a manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure in the fourth gear of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the layout state of a manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure in fifth gear according to the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the layout state of a manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure in the sixth gear of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement state of a manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure of the present invention when in reverse gear;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the first and second gear shift fork shaft in the neutral position;

[0034] Fig.12This is a schematic diagram of the first and second gear shift fork shaft in the first gear position;

[0035] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft in the neutral position;

[0036] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft in the third gear position;

[0037] Fig.15 1. It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the interlocking plate and the interlocking plate bolts;

[0038] Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interlocking plate;

[0039] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly and the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft.

[0040] The names and reference numerals of the components involved in the above drawings are as follows:

[0041] 1. Self-locking spring; 2. 5th and 6th gear shift arm; 3. 3rd and 4th gear shift fork shaft; 4. 5th and 6th gear shift fork shaft; 5. Fixed pin 2; 6. 3rd and 4th gear shift arm; 7. Interlocking plate; 8. Reverse 1st and 2nd gear return spring; 9. 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th gear shift handle; 10. Spring limit shaft; 11. 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th gear return spring; 12. Power assist spring assembly; 13. Reverse gear shift fork assembly; 14. Shift shaft; 15. Reverse gear shift arm; 16. Reverse 1st and 2nd gear shift handle; 17. 1st and 2nd gear shift fork shaft; 18. 1st and 2nd gear shift fork assembly; 19. Interlocking plate bolt; 20. Reverse gear shift fork shaft; 2 1. Interlocking plate gasket; 22. Retaining ring; 23. 3rd and 4th gear shift fork assembly; 24. Positioning bolt; 25. 5th and 6th gear shift fork assembly; 26. Friction-reducing bushing; 27. Outer casing; 28. Annular interlocking groove; 29. ​​Shifter foot; 30. 1st and 2nd gear shift fork shaft operating groove; 31. Reverse gear shift fork shaft operating groove; 32. 5th and 6th gear shift fork shaft operating groove; 33. 3rd and 4th gear shift fork shaft operating groove; 34. Center connecting plate; 35. Interlocking plate bolt insertion hole; 36. Shape line one; 37. Shape line two; 38. Shape line three; 39. Shape line four; 40. Ball socket one; 41. Ball socket two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Specific implementation method 1: Figure 1-Figure 17As shown, this embodiment records a manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure, including four self-locking spring groups 1, three shift arms, four shift fork shafts, two return springs, two shift handles, four shift fork assemblies, an interlocking plate 7, a spring limiting shaft 10, a shift shaft 14 and an interlocking plate gasket 21; the three shift arms are respectively a five-sixth gear shift arm 2, a three-fourth gear shift arm 6 and a reverse gear shift arm 15, the four shift fork shafts are respectively a three-fourth gear shift fork shaft 3, a five-sixth gear shift fork shaft 4, a first-second gear shift fork shaft 17 and a reverse gear shift fork shaft 20, the two return springs are respectively a reverse first-second gear return spring 8 and a third-fourth-fifth-sixth gear return spring 11, the two shift handles are respectively a third-fourth-fifth-sixth gear shift handle 9 and a reverse first-second gear shift handle 16, the four shift fork assemblies are respectively a reverse gear shift fork assembly 13, a first-second gear shift fork assembly 18, a third-fourth-gear shift fork assembly 23 and a five-sixth gear shift fork assembly 25;

[0044] The fifth and sixth gear shift arm 2 is fixedly mounted on the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft 4 (through a fixing pin 1), the third and fourth gear shift arm 6 is fixedly mounted on the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft 3 (through a fixing pin 2 5), and the reverse gear shift arm 15 is fixedly mounted on the reverse gear shift fork shaft 20 (through a fixing pin 3);

[0045] The first and second gear shift fork assembly 18 is fixedly mounted on the first and second gear shift fork shaft 17 (through a fixing pin 4), the shift fork of the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly 23 is provided with a notch 1 that matches the third and fourth gear shift arm 6, the shift fork of the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly 25 is provided with a notch 2 that matches the fifth and sixth gear shift arm 2, and the shift fork of the reverse gear shift fork assembly 13 is provided with a notch 3 that matches the reverse gear shift arm 15; the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly 23, the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly 25 and the reverse gear shift fork assembly 13 are respectively and detachably connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 27 (through a positioning bolt 24) at both ends for axial positioning (the reverse gear shift arm 15, the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly 23, the first and second gear shift fork assembly 18, and the reverse gear shift fork assembly 13 are arranged from left to right);

[0046] The third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle 9 and the reverse first and second gear shift handle 16 are respectively fixedly mounted on the shift shaft 14 from left to right (through the fixing pin 5); the outer wall of the first and second gear shift fork shaft 17 is provided with a first and second gear shift fork shaft operating groove 30 matching the reverse first and second gear shift handle 16 (when shifting the first and second gears, the reverse first and second gear shift handle 16 rotates and is placed in the first and second gear shift fork shaft operating groove 30); the outer wall of the reverse gear shift fork shaft 20 is provided with a reverse gear shift fork shaft operating groove 31 matching the reverse first and second gear shift handle 16 (when shifting the reverse gear, the reverse first and second gear shift handle 16 rotates and is placed in the reverse gear shift fork shaft operating groove 31); the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft The outer wall of the gear shift fork shaft 3 is provided with a third-fourth-fifth-sixth gear shift handle 9 operating groove 33 (when shifting to the third-fourth gear, the third-fourth-fifth-sixth gear shift handle 9 rotates and is placed in the third-fourth-gear shift fork shaft operating groove 33), and the outer wall of the fifth-sixth gear shift fork shaft 4 is provided with a fifth-sixth gear shift fork shaft operating groove 32 (when shifting to the fifth-sixth gear, the third-fourth-fifth-sixth gear shift handle 9 rotates and is placed in the fifth-sixth gear shift fork shaft operating groove 32); the interlocking plate 7 is installed on the middle connecting plate 34 of the casing through the interlocking plate gasket 21 and the interlocking plate bolt 19 (a gap is provided between the interlocking plate 7 and the interlocking plate bolt 19);

[0047] The outer walls of the four shift fork shafts are provided with an annular interlocking groove 28, which is used to cooperate with the interlocking plate 7 to achieve interlocking (when one shift fork shaft moves left and right at its current position, the interlocking plate 7 moves slightly to hold up the other three shift fork shafts to limit their axial shaking, preventing them from engaging in two gears, thereby achieving an interlocking effect);

[0048] Three ball sockets 40 are arranged side by side along the axial direction on the outer walls of the four shift fork shafts, and the self-locking spring group 1 (the prior art) presses the self-locking steel ball into the ball socket 40 located in the middle of the shift fork shaft under the elastic force of the spring, and is positioned in the neutral position of the shift fork shaft (the four self-locking spring groups 1 act on the ball sockets 40 on the four shift fork shafts respectively, so that the position of the selected gear can be more accurate when selecting and disengaging the gear, and avoid mis-engaging).

[0049] The reverse first and second gear return spring 8 and the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear return spring 11 are all mounted on the shift shaft 14 and are located on the left and right sides of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle 9. One end of the reverse first and second gear return spring 8 is fixed on the spring limiting shaft 10, and the spring limiting shaft 10 is fixed on the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle 9 (the reverse first and second gear return spring 8 rotates with the shift shaft 14), and the other end of the reverse first and second gear return spring 8 is clamped on the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft 4, one end of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear return spring 11 is clamped on the reverse gear fork shaft 20, and the other end of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear return spring 11 is clamped on the spring limiting shaft 10 (the reverse first and second gear return spring 8 and the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear return spring 11 work together to ensure the initial neutral position. The third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle 9 is in the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft operating groove 33, and these two springs also play a return role when shifting).

[0050] The shift fork shaft is slidably connected to the transmission housing, and the shift shaft 14 is rollingly connected to the transmission housing.

[0051] Specific implementation method 2: Figure 1-Figure 2 , Figure 6-Figure 9 and Fig.17 As shown, this embodiment is a further explanation of the specific embodiment one, and fork positioning holes are respectively provided at both ends of the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly 23, the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly 25 and the reverse gear shift fork assembly 13, and friction-reducing bushings 26 are fixedly installed in the shift fork positioning holes. The third and fourth gear shift fork assembly 23, the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly 25 and the reverse gear shift fork assembly 13 are detachably connected to the outer casing 27 by means of positioning bolts 24 inserted into the shift fork positioning holes.

[0052] Specific implementation method three: Figure 1-Figure 2 , Figure 4-Figure 9 and Fig.17 As shown, this embodiment is a further explanation of the specific embodiment 1. The reverse gear shift fork assembly 13, the first and second gear shift fork assembly 18, the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly 23 and the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly 25 have the same structure, all including a shift fork and two shift pins 29, and the shift pins 29 are fixedly mounted at both ends of the inner side wall of the shift fork.

[0053] Specific implementation method four: Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment is a further explanation of the specific embodiment three, and the push pin 29 is made of nylon (which can reduce the wear caused by the collision between the push pin 29 and the synchronizer outer gear ring (an external part) and extend the service life of the synchronizer outer gear ring).

[0054] Specific implementation method five: Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a further explanation of the specific embodiment 1. A clamping ring 22 is fixed on the outer wall of the four fork shafts respectively to cooperate with the end surface of the casing to play a limiting role.

[0055] Specific implementation method six: Figure 1 and Figure 4-Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment is a further explanation of the specific embodiment one, and a ball socket 2 41 is provided at the right end of the outer wall of the shift shaft 14, and the assist spring group 12 cooperates with the ball socket 2 41, and the assist spring group 12 is connected to the transmission housing (the assist spring group 12 is an existing mature product, and the assist spring group 12 plays the role of the vehicle's gear shifting suction feeling).

[0056] Specific implementation method seven: Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig.14 As shown, this embodiment is a further description of the specific embodiment 1, and a large diameter cylindrical section is provided on the first and second gear shift fork shaft 17.

[0057] Specific implementation method eight: Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment is a further explanation of the specific embodiment 1, and the left and right side walls of the first and second gear shift fork shaft operating groove 30, the reverse gear shift fork shaft operating groove 31, the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft operating groove 33 and the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft operating groove 32 are all provided with curved grooves.

[0058] Specific implementation method nine: Figure 1 , Figure 6-Figure 9 and Figure 14-16 As shown, the present embodiment is a further explanation of the specific embodiment one, the interlocking plate 7 is provided with two interlocking plate bolt insertion holes 35 symmetrically on the left and right, the interlocking plate bolt insertion holes 35 are clearance-matched with the interlocking plate bolts 19, the left and right walls of the interlocking plate 7 are respectively processed with shaped line one 36 and shaped line three 38, the lower ends of the left and right walls of the interlocking plate 7 are provided with outer edges, the bottom surface of the interlocking plate 7 is provided with two notches symmetrically on the left and right, the notch on the left is processed with shaped line two 37, and the notch on the right is processed with shaped line four 39.

[0059] The third and fourth gear shift fork assembly 23, the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly 25, and the reverse gear shift fork assembly 13 are connected to the outer casing 27 through positioning bolts 24 for axial positioning. Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Fig.10 The friction-reducing bushing 26 is installed on the fork positioning hole. After the reverse first and second gear shift lever 16 rotates to the reverse fork shaft operating slot 31, the shift shaft assembly 14 is moved to the right. The reverse fork shaft 20 is driven by the reverse shift arm 15 to shift the reverse fork assembly 13. At this time, the positioning bolt 24 is used as the fulcrum for the shift fork shift. The reverse fork 13 rotates around the fulcrum, and the shifting foot 29 on the shift fork rotates and moves axially at the same time, pushing the outer gear ring of the synchronizer to shift to the left, realizing "shifting and reversing".

[0060] The shift fork shaft assembly structure of the present invention can realize the following shifting operations:

[0061] 1. The shifting process of first and second gear is as follows:

[0062] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the shift shaft 14 is rotated clockwise, and the reverse first and second gear shift handle 16 is rotated into the first and second gear shift fork shaft operating groove 30. Because the reverse first and second gear shift handle 16 and the first and second gear shift fork shaft 17 are both designed to avoid (the first and second gear shift fork shaft operating groove 30 is provided with curved grooves on both sides to ensure that when the shift fork shaft is shifted, the first and second gear shift handle 16 can act on the notch of the first and second gear shift fork shaft operating groove 30; when other gears are shifted, the first and second gear shift handle 16 is in the position of the curved groove of the shift fork shaft, and the shift fork shaft does not move accordingly, ensuring the uniqueness of the shifting, and not shifting two gears at the same time or shifting out of order), there is no interference with other parts at this time. Because the first and second gear shift fork assembly 18 is directly fixed on the first and second gear shift fork shaft 17 through a winding shaft, when the shift shaft 14 is moved left and right, the reverse first and second gear shift handle 16 drives the first and second gear shift fork shaft 17, and then pushes the first and second gear shift fork assembly 18. At this time, the outer wall of the first and second gear shift fork shaft 17 presses against the interlocking plate 7. At this time, the gap between the interlocking plate 7 and the other gear shift fork shafts is eliminated, and the annular interlocking grooves 28 of the other gear shift fork shafts are locked with the interlocking plate 7 to ensure that the other gear shift fork shafts are in an interlocked state, ensuring the uniqueness of the gear shifting, and realizing the first and second gear shifting (when the shift shaft 14 moves to the right and the first gear is engaged, such as Figure 4 As shown, when moving to the left, shift to second gear. Figure 5 At this time, one end of the reverse first and second gear return spring 8 rotates with the shift shaft 14 in the spring limit shaft 10, and the other end of the reverse first and second gear return spring 8 is clamped on the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft 4 to give spring force, and the reverse first and second gear return spring 8 has an assisting effect when shifting; the self-locking spring group 1 and the ball socket 40 work to make the position of the first and second gear more accurate, and in the process, it also undergoes the process of compression, force storage, and work, which plays an assisting role when shifting and shifting.

[0063] 2. The shifting process of the third and fourth gears is as follows:

[0064] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the shift shaft 14 is rotated counterclockwise, and when the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th gear shift handle 9 is rotated into the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th gear shift fork shaft operating slot 33, the 1st and 2nd gear return spring 8 and the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th gear return spring 11 are in a balanced position (neutral position). When the shift shaft 14 is moved left and right, the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th gear shift handle 9 drives the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th gear shift fork shaft 3 to move, and then transmits it to the 3rd, 4th gear shift arm 6 through the fixing pin 2 5; the 3rd, 4th gear shift arm 6 cooperates with the notch 1 on the 3rd, 4th gear shift fork assembly 23, driving the 3rd, 4th gear shift fork assembly 23 to rotate around the positioning bolt 24. At this time, the outer wall of the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft 3 presses against the interlocking plate 7. At this time, the gap between the interlocking plate 7 and the remaining gear shift fork shafts is eliminated, and the annular interlocking grooves 28 of the remaining gear shift fork shafts are locked with the interlocking plate 7 to ensure that the remaining gear shift fork shafts are in an interlocked state, ensuring the uniqueness of the gear shifting, and realizing the third and fourth gear shifting (when the shift shaft 14 moves to the right and the third gear is engaged, as shown in the figure below). Figure 6 As shown, shift to fourth gear when moving left. Figure 7 At this time, the self-locking spring group 1 and the ball socket 40 act to make the position of the third and fourth gears more accurate, and in the process, it also undergoes the process of compression, power storage, and work, which plays a role in assisting when shifting and disengaging gears.

[0065] 3. The shifting process for the fifth and sixth gears is as follows:

[0066] like Figure 3 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the shift shaft 14 is rotated counterclockwise, and the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle 9 is rotated into the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft operating slot 32. When the shift shaft 14 is moved left and right, the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle 9 drives the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft 4 to move and then transmits it to the fifth and sixth gear shift arm 2 through the fixing pin 1. The fifth and sixth gear shift arm 2 cooperates with the notch 2 on the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly 25, driving the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly 25 to rotate around the positioning bolt 24 (there is a clearance fit between the positioning bolt 24 and the shift fork. When the shift arm shifts the shift fork, the upper end of the shift fork moves with the shift arm, while the shift foot 2 at the lower end of the shift fork moves in the opposite direction due to the lever action in the middle of the positioning bolt 24. Therefore, the shift fork rotates with the positioning bolt 24 as a fulcrum). At this time, the outer wall of the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft 4 presses against the interlocking plate 7, and the remaining annular interlocking grooves 28 of the shift fork shaft cooperate with the interlocking plate 7 to be locked, ensuring that the shift fork shaft has no axial shaking, and the fifth and sixth gear shifting is realized (when the shift shaft 14 moves to the right and the fifth gear is engaged, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, shift to sixth gear when moving left. Fig. 9 At this time, one end of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift return spring 11 is stuck on the reverse gear fork shaft 20, and the other end is squeezed by the spring limit shaft 10 to give spring force, so that the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift return spring 11 has an assisting effect when shifting gears; the self-locking spring group 1 and the ball socket 40 work to make the position of the fifth and sixth gears more accurate, and in the process, it also undergoes the process of compression, force storage and work, which plays an assisting role when shifting and shifting gears.

[0067] 4. The reverse gear shifting process is as follows:

[0068] like Figure 3 , Fig.10As shown, the shift shaft 14 is rotated clockwise, and the reverse first and second gear shift handle 16 is rotated into the reverse fork shaft operating groove 31. When the shift shaft 14 is moved to the right, the reverse first and second gear shift handle 16 drives the reverse fork shaft 20 to move to the right, and then drives the reverse shift arm 15 through the fixed pin 3. The reverse shift arm 15 cooperates with the three notches on the reverse fork assembly 13. At this time, the reverse fork assembly 13 rotates around the positioning bolt 24, and the gear ring is meshed with the left gear (it is an external part and is not within the protection scope of the present invention). At this time, the outer wall of the reverse fork shaft 20 supports the interlocking plate 7, and the remaining fork shaft annular interlocking grooves 28 cooperate with the interlocking plate 7 to be locked, ensuring that the fork shaft has no axial shaking, and the reverse gear is engaged. At this time, one end of the reverse first and second gear return spring 8 is in the spring limit shaft 10 and rotates with the shift shaft 14, and the other end is stuck on the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft 4 to give spring force, and the spring has an assisting effect when shifting gears; the self-locking spring group 1 and the ball socket 40 work to make the reverse gear position more accurate, and in this process it also undergoes a process of compression, force storage, and work, which plays an assisting role when shifting and shifting gears.

[0069] The innovative features of the present invention include the following aspects:

[0070] 1. Limit function:

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, when the clamping ring 22 moves to the right side of the fork shaft, that is, when the 1 / 3 / 5 / R gear is engaged, the clamping ring 22 cooperates with the outer casing surface to achieve the gear limit, and the other gears are limited by the gear end face. The advantages of the clamping ring 22 limit are small cumulative size, high limit stroke accuracy, better stroke consistency, and better vehicle feel.

[0072] 2. Self-locking function (taking the first gear as an example):

[0073] When in neutral, the self-locking spring assembly 1 cooperates with the ball socket 40 located in the middle of the first and second gear shift fork shaft 17 to generate a self-locking force to ensure that the first and second gear shift fork shaft 17 is stable and immovable when in neutral. Fig.11 After the gear is engaged, the self-locking spring group 1 cooperates with the ball socket 40 on one side of the first and second gear shift fork shaft 17 to generate a self-locking force to ensure that the first and second gear shift fork shaft 17 is stable and immovable when the gear is engaged, and has the function of preventing the gear from being disengaged or disordered, such as Fig.12 shown.

[0074] 3. Interlocking function (taking the third gear as an example):

[0075] When in the neutral position, the annular interlocking groove 28 of each gear shift fork shaft is stuck in the matching position of the interlocking plate 7 (such as Fig.13 As shown in FIG. 1 , there is a gap between the annular interlocking groove 28 of each fork shaft and the interlocking plate 7. After the gear is engaged (taking the third gear as an example), the third and fourth gear fork shafts 3 are pressed Fig.14It moves upward in the direction shown, and the annular interlocking groove 28 of the third- and fourth-gear shift fork shaft 3 leaves the interlocking plate position. The interlocking plate 7 cooperates with the shaft diameter of the outer wall of the third- and fourth-gear shift fork shaft 3. Since the shaft diameter is larger than the diameter of the annular interlocking groove 28, the interlocking plate 7 moves toward other shift fork shafts, and the interlocking plate 7 and the annular interlocking groove 28 of the other shift fork shafts are stuck and locked, thereby ensuring that the third gear has an interlocking function with other gears after shifting.

[0076] Interlocking plate 7 movable interlocking design principle:

[0077] (1) After the interlocking plate 7 is fixed by the interlocking plate bolts 19, it can move within a certain range, such as Fig.15 As shown in the upward and downward movement, there is a gap between the interlocking plate 7 and the interlocking plate bolt 19 (the bolt step is larger than the thickness of the interlocking plate 7), and the diameter of the interlocking plate mounting hole is larger than the diameter at the step of the interlocking plate bolt 19, which can meet the requirement of local movement of the interlocking plate 7 to lock other gears when shifting gears.

[0078] (2) Interlocking plate 7 realizes the interlocking principle

[0079] According to the fixed position of the fork shaft, the interlocking plate 7 is designed by designing the shape line and the fixed point (i.e., the interlocking plate bolt insertion hole 35), and at the same time, the gap between the interlocking plate 7 and the fork shaft and the interlocking plate bolt 19 is designed to ensure that the interlocking function is achieved while achieving gear shifting without jamming.

[0080] 4. Shift fork reversing principle (taking the third and fourth gear shift forks as an example):

[0081] like Fig.17 As shown, the shift fork and the positioning bolt 24 are connected with clearance, and a friction-reducing bushing 26 is provided at the connection point to reduce friction, and the shift pin 29 can rotate. When the gear is engaged, the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft 3 drives the third and fourth gear shift arm 6 to move, and the third and fourth gear shift arm 6 cooperates with the fork of the third and fourth gear shift fork to drive the third and fourth gear shift fork to move upward. There is a positioning bolt 24 in the middle of the third and fourth gear shift fork as a lever. When the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft 3 moves backward, the shift pin 29 at the bottom of the shift fork moves forward under the action of the lever to achieve the reversal of the gear shift. Because the shift pin 29 can rotate, the shift pin can always remain in a vertical state when the shift fork rotates, and is connected to the matching part to drive the matching part to achieve the gear shift.

[0082] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other forms of assembly without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0083] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises four self-locking spring groups (1), three shift arms, four shift fork shafts, two return springs, two shift handles, four shift fork assemblies, an interlocking plate (7), a spring limit shaft (10), a shift shaft (14) and an interlocking plate gasket (21); the three shift arms are respectively a fifth-sixth gear shift arm (2), a third-fourth gear shift arm (6) and a reverse gear shift arm (15); the four shift fork shafts are respectively a third-fourth gear shift fork shaft (3), a fifth-sixth gear shift fork shaft (4) , a first and second gear shift fork shaft (17) and a reverse gear shift fork shaft (20), two return springs are respectively a first and second reverse gear return spring (8) and a third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear return spring (11), two shift handles are respectively a third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle (9) and a first and second reverse gear shift handle (16), and four shift fork assemblies are respectively a reverse gear shift fork assembly (13), a first and second gear shift fork assembly (18), a third and fourth gear shift fork assembly (23) and a fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly (25); The fifth and sixth gear shift arm (2) is fixedly mounted on the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft (4), the third and fourth gear shift arm (6) is fixedly mounted on the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft (3), and the reverse gear shift arm (15) is fixedly mounted on the reverse gear shift fork shaft (20); The first and second gear shift fork assembly (18) is fixedly mounted on the first and second gear shift fork shaft (17); the shift fork of the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly (23) is provided with a notch 1 matching the third and fourth gear shift arm (6); the shift fork of the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly (25) is provided with a notch 2 matching the fifth and sixth gear shift arm (2); and the shift fork of the reverse gear shift fork assembly (13) is provided with a notch 3 matching the reverse gear shift arm (15); the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly (23), the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly (25) and the reverse gear shift fork assembly (13) are respectively connected to the inner wall of the outer casing (27) at both ends in a detachable manner for axial positioning; The third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle (9) and the reverse first and second gear shift handle (16) are respectively fixedly mounted on the shift shaft (14) from left to right; the first and second gear shift fork shaft (17) is provided with a first and second gear shift fork shaft operating groove (30) matching the reverse first and second gear shift handle (16) on its outer wall, the reverse gear shift fork shaft (20) is provided with a reverse gear shift fork shaft operating groove (31) matching the reverse first and second gear shift handle (16) on its outer wall, the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft (3) is provided with a third and fourth gear shift fork shaft operating groove (33) matching the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle (9) on its outer wall, and the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft (4) is provided with a fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft operating groove (32) matching the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle (9) on its outer wall; the interlocking plate (7) is mounted on the middle connecting plate (34) of the casing through an interlocking plate gasket (21) and an interlocking plate bolt (19); The outer walls of the four shift fork shafts are each provided with an annular interlocking groove (28) for cooperating with the interlocking plate 7 to achieve interlocking; Three ball sockets (40) are arranged side by side along the axial direction on the outer walls of the four shift fork shafts, and the self-locking spring group (1) presses the self-locking steel ball into the ball socket (40) located in the middle of the shift fork shaft under the elastic force of the spring, so as to position the shift fork shaft at the neutral position; The first and second reverse gear return springs (8) and the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear return springs (11) are all mounted on the shift shaft (14) and are located on the left and right sides of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle (9). One end of the first and second reverse gear return spring (8) is fixed on the spring limiting shaft (10), and the spring limiting shaft (10) is fixed on the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear shift handle (9). The other end of the first and second reverse gear return spring (8) is clamped on the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft (4). One end of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear return spring (11) is clamped on the reverse gear shift fork shaft (20), and the other end of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth gear return spring (11) is clamped on the spring limiting shaft (10).

2. A manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third and fourth gear shift fork assembly (23), the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly (25) and the reverse gear shift fork assembly (13) are respectively provided with shift fork positioning holes at both ends, and a friction reducing bushing (26) is fixedly installed in the shift fork positioning hole. The third and fourth gear shift fork assembly (23), the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly (25) and the reverse gear shift fork assembly (13) are detachably connected to the outer casing (27) by means of positioning bolts (24) inserted into the shift fork positioning holes.

3. The manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse gear shift fork assembly (13), the first and second gear shift fork assembly (18), the third and fourth gear shift fork assembly (23) and the fifth and sixth gear shift fork assembly (25) have the same structure and all include a shift fork and two shift pins (29). The two ends of the inner side wall of the shift fork are respectively fixed with the shift pins (29).

4. A manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The push pin (29) is made of nylon.

5. The manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping ring (22) is fixed on the outer wall of the four shift fork shafts respectively, and is used to cooperate with the end surface of the casing to play a limiting role.

6. The manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right end of the outer wall of the shift shaft (14) is provided with a second ball socket (41), the booster spring group (12) cooperates with the second ball socket (41), and the booster spring group (12) is connected to the transmission housing.

7. The manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first and second gear shift fork shaft (17) is provided with a large diameter cylindrical section.

8. The manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right side walls of the first and second gear shift fork shaft operating groove (30), the reverse gear shift fork shaft operating groove (31), the third and fourth gear shift fork shaft operating groove (33) and the fifth and sixth gear shift fork shaft operating groove (32) are all provided with curved grooves.

9. The manual transmission fork shaft assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interlocking plate (7) is provided with two interlocking plate bolt insertion holes (35) symmetrically on the left and right sides, and the interlocking plate bolt insertion holes (35) are clearance-matched with the interlocking plate bolts (19). The left side wall and the right side wall of the interlocking plate (7) are respectively processed with a shaped line one (36) and a shaped line three (38). The lower ends of the left side wall and the right side wall of the interlocking plate (7) are both provided with outer edges. The bottom surface of the interlocking plate (7) is provided with two notches symmetrically on the left and right sides, and the notch on the left side is processed with a shaped line two (37), and the notch on the right side is processed with a shaped line four (39).

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