High-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change heat storage system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change heat storage system and method, and relates to the technical field of solar energy storage. Through the combination of the heat transfer strengthening interlayer, the phase change material and the heat transfer strengthening device, the optimal working temperature and the optimal heat absorption and utilization efficiency of the solar panel are considered, and the utilization rate of solar energy is improved. The system comprises a solar phase change heat storage device, a temperature sensor and a control unit, a solar panel, a heat transfer strengthening interlayer and a phase change material in the device are stacked; the heat transfer strengthening device can generate cavitation bubble cloud capable of damaging the solar phase change heat storage device and a temperature boundary layer. The control unit can compare the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor with a preset value, and when the temperature value is larger than the preset value, heat transfer fluid is controlled to be introduced into the heat transfer strengthening interlayer. When the temperature value is larger than the preset value again, the phased array ultrasonic generation device is controlled to act. The invention further provides a heat storage method based on the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of solar energy storage technology, and in particular to a high-intensity focused ultrasound-enhanced solar phase change heat storage system and method. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy has received widespread attention as a sustainable clean energy source. Using solar panels to convert solar energy is a common and mature technical means. However, due to the material performance limitations of solar panels, the energy conversion rate of single-crystal silicon and perovskite solar panels is generally below 20%, and a large part of the energy is lost in the form of heat. In addition, due to the generation of heat, the temperature of the solar panel increases, and the working efficiency drops sharply. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a device that can improve the efficiency of solar energy utilization and improve the efficiency of solar energy conversion.

[0003] Phase change materials, as a good energy storage material, can absorb and store extra heat, and can solve the time and space mismatch of solar energy utilization. However, they cannot take into account the optimal working temperature and optimal heat absorption efficiency of solar panels, and the utilization rate of solar energy is still low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a high-intensity focused ultrasound-enhanced solar phase change heat storage system and method, which takes into account the optimal operating temperature and optimal heat absorption efficiency of the solar panel through the combination of a heat transfer enhancement interlayer, a phase change material and a heat transfer enhancement device, thereby improving the utilization rate of solar energy.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change heat storage system, comprising a high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change heat storage device, a temperature sensor and a control unit; the high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change heat storage device comprises an adjustable bracket and a solar photovoltaic conversion device, a solar phase change heat storage device and a heat transfer enhancement device arranged on the adjustable bracket; the solar photovoltaic conversion device and the solar phase change heat storage device are stacked up and down, and the heat transfer enhancement device is located below the solar phase change heat storage device; the heat transfer enhancement device can destroy the temperature boundary layer of the solar photovoltaic conversion device and the solar phase change heat storage device to enhance their heat exchange; the temperature sensors are all arranged on the solar photovoltaic conversion device; the control unit is connected to the temperature sensor, the adjustable bracket and the heat transfer enhancement device; the control unit can receive the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor, and compare the temperature value with a preset value. When the temperature value is greater than the preset value, the heat transfer fluid is controlled to be introduced into the solar phase change heat storage device; when the temperature value is greater than the preset value again, the heat transfer enhancement device is controlled to start.

[0006] Furthermore, the heat transfer enhancement device includes a phased array ultrasonic generator, a phased array unit and an ultrasonic signal shield; the phased array ultrasonic generator is located at the center of the phased array unit, and the ultrasonic signal shield is located at the periphery of the phased array unit; the phased array ultrasonic generator controls the ultrasonic focus and focusing depth through the phased array unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjustable bracket includes a phase change heat storage device shell and an ultrasonic transmitter protection shell; a plurality of upper variable connecting rods are provided between the phase change heat storage device shell and the ultrasonic transmitter protection shell; a plurality of base variable connecting rods are provided at the bottom of the ultrasonic transmitter protection shell; the solar photovoltaic conversion device and the solar phase change heat storage device are arranged in the phase change heat storage device shell, and the heat transfer enhancement device is arranged in the ultrasonic transmitter protection shell.

[0008] Furthermore, the base variable connecting rod and the upper variable connecting rod are electrically controlled rods with adjustable lengths and angles.

[0009] Furthermore, the solar photoelectric conversion device is a solar panel with a photoelectric conversion function.

[0010] Furthermore, the solar phase change heat storage device includes a heat transfer enhancement interlayer and a phase change material; the heat transfer enhancement interlayer and the phase change material are stacked up and down; and the heat transfer enhancement device is located below the phase change material.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat transfer enhancing interlayer is provided with heat conducting fins; and the phase change material is provided with heat conducting holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the solar photovoltaic conversion device is also provided with an irradiance collection device; the irradiance collection device is connected to the control unit; the control unit can also receive radiation information collected by the irradiance collection device, and adjust the adjustable bracket according to the radiation information so that the solar photovoltaic conversion device faces the sun.

[0013] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application also provides a heat storage method for a solar phase change heat storage system based on the above-mentioned high-intensity focused ultrasound enhancement, comprising the following steps: a temperature sensor collects the temperature value of a solar photovoltaic conversion device and sends the temperature value to a control unit; the control unit receives the temperature value and compares the temperature value with a preset value, and when the temperature value is greater than the preset value, controls the introduction of a heat transfer fluid into the solar phase change heat storage device; after the heat transfer fluid takes away a portion of the heat, the temperature of the solar photovoltaic conversion device drops below the preset value, and at the same time, another portion of the heat is introduced into the solar phase change heat storage device for storage; when the solar phase change heat storage device is completely melted and the temperature value of the solar photovoltaic conversion device is greater than the preset value again, the control unit controls the phased array ultrasonic generating device to operate, generates an ultrasonic bubble cloud in the solar photovoltaic conversion device and the solar phase change heat storage device, changes the flow state of the heat transfer fluid in the solar phase change heat storage device and generates disturbances, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat transfer fluid in the solar photovoltaic conversion device and the solar phase change heat storage device

[0014] Furthermore, the solar panel is also provided with an irradiance collection device; the irradiance collection device is connected to the control unit; the step of the temperature sensor collecting the temperature value of the solar panel and sending the temperature value to the control unit also includes the following steps: the irradiance collection device collects radiation information and sends the radiation information to the control unit; the control unit receives the radiation information and adjusts the adjustable bracket according to the radiation information so that the solar panel faces the sun.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The heat storage system of the embodiment of the present application combines solar energy photovoltaic conversion and solar energy heat storage by providing solar panels, heat-enhanced interlayers and phase change materials, thereby improving the utilization of solar energy; at the same time, by providing a heat transfer enhancement device composed of a phased array ultrasonic generator and a phased array unit, when the heat exchange capacity of the heat transfer enhancement interlayer close to the solar panel decreases and the temperature of the solar panel rises to exceed the optimal working range, the phased array ultrasonic generator is started, and by changing the angle of the phased array unit and adjusting the focus position, focus depth and other parameters of the ultrasound, a cavitation bubble cloud is generated in the temperature boundary layer of the solar panel, the heat transfer enhancement interlayer and the thermal fin. When the cavitation bubble cloud collapses, a high-speed jet is generated, and the jet generated by the cavitation bubble cloud destroys the temperature boundary layer, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency of the device.

[0017] 2. The heat storage system of the embodiment of the present application is provided with an irradiance collection device on the solar panel, and the base variable connecting rod and the upper variable connecting rod of the adjustable bracket are set as electric control rods with adjustable length and angle, and the irradiance collection device is connected to the control unit. The control unit can receive the radiation information collected by the irradiance collection device, and adjust the adjustable bracket according to the radiation information so that the solar panel faces the sun, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0018] 3. The heat storage system of the embodiment of the present application is provided with heat-conducting fins on the heat transfer enhancing interlayer and heat-conducting holes in the phase change material, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency in the process of transferring heat from the solar panel to the phase change material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar phase change thermal storage system enhanced by high intensity focused ultrasound according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustable bracket in a solar phase change thermal storage system enhanced by high intensity focused ultrasound in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solar panel, the heat transfer enhancement interlayer and the phase change material in the high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change thermal storage system of the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the heat transfer enhancement device in the high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change thermal storage system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0026] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, they can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific circumstances.

[0027] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 4 An embodiment of the present application provides a high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change heat storage system, including a high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change heat storage device, a temperature sensor and a control unit.

[0029] The high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change heat storage device comprises an adjustable bracket 1 and a solar photoelectric conversion device 2, a solar phase change heat storage device 3 and a heat transfer enhancement device 4 arranged on the adjustable bracket 1.

[0030] Reference Figure 2 The adjustable bracket 2 includes a phase change heat storage device housing 11 and an ultrasonic transmitter protection housing 12 disposed thereunder. A plurality of upper variable connecting rods 13 are disposed between the phase change heat storage device housing 11 and the ultrasonic transmitter protection housing 12, and a plurality of base variable connecting rods 14 are disposed at the bottom of the ultrasonic transmitter protection housing 12. The solar photovoltaic conversion device 2 and the solar phase change heat storage device 3 are disposed in the phase change heat storage device housing 11, and the heat transfer enhancement device 4 is disposed in the ultrasonic transmitter protection housing 12.

[0031] The base variable link 14 and the upper variable link 13 are electrically controlled rods with adjustable length and angle. Specifically, the base variable link 14 and the upper variable link 13 are controlled by an electrically controlled device, and the angle is adjusted by adjusting the length. The angle adjustment method includes but is not limited to the track type, telescopic rod type and other methods. The electrically controlled device is connected to the control unit.

[0032] In this embodiment, the number of the base variable connecting rod 14 and the number of the upper variable connecting rod 13 are both three. It should be noted that the number of the base variable connecting rod 14 and the number of the upper variable connecting rod 13 are determined according to actual working conditions and are not limited here.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 The solar photovoltaic conversion device 2 is a solar panel, specifically a solar panel with a photovoltaic conversion function. The solar panel includes but is not limited to a silicon-based solar panel, a perovskite solar panel and a concentrating solar panel. A temperature sensor and an irradiance collection device are provided on the solar panel. Both the temperature sensor and the irradiance collection device are connected to the control unit.

[0034] The solar energy phase change heat storage device 3 comprises a heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31 and a phase change material 32. The heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31 and the phase change material 32 are stacked up and down, and the heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31 is located between the solar panel interlayer and the phase change material 32.

[0035] The heat transfer enhancing interlayer 31 is provided with heat conducting fins 311 , and the material of the heat conducting fins 311 can be common heat conducting materials such as copper and aluminum, and the shape includes but is not limited to fin-type fins, spiral fins, and louver-type fins.

[0036] The phase change material 32 may be an organic substance or an inorganic substance with a large latent heat, and the phase change material 32 includes but is not limited to paraffin and hydrochloride. A heat conduction hole 321 is provided in the phase change material 32 .

[0037] Reference Figure 4 The heat transfer enhancement device 4 includes a phased array ultrasonic generator 41, a phased array unit 42 and an ultrasonic signal shield 43. The phased array ultrasonic generator 41 is located at the center of the phased array unit 42, and the ultrasonic signal shield 43 is located at the periphery of the phased array unit 42. The phased array ultrasonic generator 41 controls the ultrasonic focus, focusing depth and other parameters through the phased array unit 42. The ultrasonic focusing method includes but is not limited to geometric focusing, phased array focusing, phase delay focusing and other focusing methods. The phased array ultrasonic generator 41 is also connected to the control unit.

[0038] The control unit can receive the radiation information collected by the irradiance collection device, and adjust the adjustable bracket 1 according to the radiation information so that the solar photovoltaic conversion device 2 faces the sun.

[0039] The control unit can also receive the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor and compare the temperature value with the preset value. When the temperature value is greater than the preset value, the heat transfer fluid is controlled to be introduced into the solar phase change heat storage device 3; when the temperature value is greater than the preset value again, the phased array ultrasonic generating device 41 is controlled to start.

[0040] The working principle of the solar phase change thermal storage system enhanced by high intensity focused ultrasound in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0041] Sunlight first contacts the solar panel, which converts solar energy into electrical energy while its temperature rises. When the control unit detects that it exceeds the optimal working range, it controls the heat transfer fluid to flow through the heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31 to take away part of the heat absorbed by the solar panel, so that the solar panel remains within the optimal working range. At the same time, the excess heat is transferred to the phase change material 32 through the heat transfer fins 311 in the heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31. The phase change material 32 is provided with heat conduction holes 321. The heat is transferred from the heat conduction fins 311 to the heat conduction holes 321 of the phase change material, and then stored in the phase change material 32. As heat accumulates, the heat exchange capacity of the heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31 close to the solar panel decreases, and the temperature of the solar panel rises again. When the control unit detects that it exceeds the optimal working range again, it controls the phased array ultrasonic generating device 41 to start, and by changing the angle of the phased array unit 42 and adjusting the focus position, focus depth and other parameters of the ultrasound, a cavitation bubble cloud is generated in the temperature boundary layer of the solar panel, the heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31, and the thermal fin 311. The cavitation bubble cloud will generate a high-speed jet when it collapses. The jet generated by the cavitation bubble cloud destroys the temperature boundary layer, improves the local heat exchange performance, and promotes the temperature of the solar panel to return to the optimal working range, thereby solving the problem of low solar photovoltaic conversion efficiency and providing technical support for the efficient use of clean energy.

[0042] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application further provides a heat storage method based on the above-mentioned high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change heat storage system, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1. Collect sunlight intensity information through the irradiance collection device on the surface of the solar panel, and send the radiation information to the control unit.

[0044] S2. The control unit receives radiation information and adjusts the length and angle of the base variable link 14 and the upper variable link 13 in the adjustable bracket 1 according to the radiation information, thereby adjusting the angle of the solar panel so that the solar panel faces the sun and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0045] S3. After the solar panel battery starts to work normally, the surface temperature rises. The temperature sensor embodiment collects the surface temperature value of the solar panel and sends the temperature value to the control unit. Set the actual temperature of the solar panel battery to T, and the optimal operating temperature range is: T_min <T<T_max。

[0046] S4, the control unit receives the actual temperature T of the solar panel cell, and compares the actual temperature T with the optimal operating temperature range value. When the actual temperature T is lower than T_min, the heat transfer fluid is not introduced into the heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31. When the actual temperature T is greater than T_max, the control unit controls the heat transfer fluid to be introduced into the heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31. Specifically, an electromagnetic switch valve connected to the control unit can be provided on the pipeline of the heat transfer fluid, and by controlling the on and off of the electromagnetic switch valve, it can be controlled whether the heat transfer fluid enters the heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31.

[0047] S5. After the heat transfer fluid is introduced into the heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31, the heat transfer fluid takes away a portion of the heat, and the temperature of the solar panel surface is kept within the optimal working range. At the same time, another portion of the heat is introduced into the phase change material 32 through the heat conducting fins 311 for storage.

[0048] S6. As the phase change material 32 stores more excess heat from the solar panel, the phase change material 32 completely melts. At this time, the phase change material 32 can no longer absorb the excess heat from the solar panel, and the surface temperature of the solar panel increases.

[0049] S7, the control unit continues to receive the actual temperature T of the solar panel battery, and compares the actual temperature T with the optimal operating temperature range value. When the actual temperature T of the solar panel battery is greater than T_max again, the control unit controls the phased array ultrasonic generator 41 to start. The phased array ultrasonic generator 41 generates ultrasonic bubble clouds in the temperature boundary layer of the solar panel, the heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31, and the heat conducting fin 311 by changing the angle, frequency, intensity and other parameters of the phased array unit 42. The generated bubble cloud can change the flow state of the heat transfer fluid in the heat transfer enhancement interlayer 31 and generate disturbances, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat transfer fluid in the solar panel and the heat transfer interlayer, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the surface temperature of the solar panel. When the surface temperature of the solar panel is reduced to, step S3 is entered to form a cycle.

[0050] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change thermal storage system, characterized in that: It comprises a solar phase change heat storage device enhanced by high-intensity focused ultrasound, a temperature sensor and a control unit; the solar phase change heat storage device enhanced by high-intensity focused ultrasound comprises an adjustable bracket and a solar photovoltaic conversion device, a solar phase change heat storage device and a heat transfer enhancement device arranged on the adjustable bracket; the solar photovoltaic conversion device and the solar phase change heat storage device are stacked up and down, and the heat transfer enhancement device is located below the solar phase change heat storage device; the heat transfer enhancement device can destroy the temperature boundary layer of the solar photovoltaic conversion device and the solar phase change heat storage device to enhance the heat exchange; the temperature sensors are all arranged on the solar photovoltaic conversion device; the control unit is connected to the temperature sensor, the adjustable bracket and the heat transfer enhancement device; the control unit can receive the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor, and compare the temperature value with a preset value, and when the temperature value is greater than the preset value, control the solar phase change heat storage device to pass a heat transfer fluid; When the temperature value is greater than the preset value again, the heat transfer enhancement device is controlled to start.

2. The high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change thermal storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat transfer enhancement device includes a phased array ultrasonic generator, a phased array unit and an ultrasonic signal shield; the phased array ultrasonic generator is located at the center of the phased array unit, and the ultrasonic signal shield is located at the periphery of the phased array unit; the phased array ultrasonic generator controls the ultrasonic focus and focusing depth through the phased array unit.

3. The high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change thermal storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable bracket includes a phase change heat storage device shell and an ultrasonic transmitter protection shell; a plurality of upper variable connecting rods are arranged between the phase change heat storage device shell and the ultrasonic transmitter protection shell; a plurality of base variable connecting rods are arranged at the bottom of the ultrasonic transmitter protection shell; a solar photovoltaic conversion device and a solar phase change heat storage device are arranged in the phase change heat storage device shell, and a heat transfer enhancement device is arranged in the ultrasonic transmitter protection shell.

4. The high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change thermal storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base variable connecting rod and the upper variable connecting rod are electrically controlled rods with adjustable lengths and angles.

5. The high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change thermal storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar energy photoelectric conversion device is a solar panel with a photoelectric conversion function.

6. The high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change thermal storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar energy phase change heat storage device comprises a heat transfer enhancement interlayer and a phase change material; the heat transfer enhancement interlayer and the phase change material are stacked up and down; and the heat transfer enhancement device is located below the phase change material.

7. The high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change thermal storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat transfer enhancing interlayer is provided with heat conducting fins; and the phase change material is provided with heat conducting holes.

8. The high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change thermal storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar photovoltaic conversion device is also provided with an irradiance collection device; the irradiance collection device is connected to the control unit; the control unit can also receive radiation information collected by the irradiance collection device, and adjust the adjustable bracket according to the radiation information so that the solar photovoltaic conversion device faces the sun.

9. A heat storage method based on the high-intensity focused ultrasound enhanced solar phase change heat storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The temperature sensor collects the temperature value of the solar photovoltaic conversion device and sends the temperature value to the control unit; The control unit receives the temperature value and compares the temperature value with a preset value. When the temperature value is greater than the preset value, the control unit controls the solar phase change heat storage device to pass a heat transfer fluid. After the heat transfer fluid takes away part of the heat, the temperature of the solar photovoltaic conversion device drops below the preset value, and at the same time, another part of the heat is introduced into the solar phase change heat storage device for storage; When the solar phase change heat storage device is completely melted and the temperature value of the solar photovoltaic conversion device is greater than the preset value again, the control unit controls the phased array heat transfer enhancement device to operate, and generates an ultrasonic bubble cloud in the temperature boundary layer of the solar photovoltaic conversion device and the solar phase change heat storage device, thereby changing the flow state of the heat transfer fluid in the solar phase change heat storage device and generating disturbances, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat transfer fluid in the solar photovoltaic conversion device and the solar phase change heat storage device.

10. The heat storage method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The solar photovoltaic conversion device is also provided with an irradiance collection device; the irradiance collection device is connected to the control unit; the temperature sensor collects the temperature value of the solar photovoltaic conversion device, and before sending the temperature value to the control unit, the following steps are also included: The irradiance collection device collects radiation information and sends the radiation information to the control unit; The control unit receives the radiation information and adjusts the adjustable bracket according to the radiation information so that the solar panel faces the sun.

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