Freezing and flaking device and freezing and flaking method for oil-containing rock

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil-gas exploration, and discloses a freezing and flaking device and a freezing and flaking method for oil-containing rock. According to the device, a liquid nitrogen controller is provided with liquid nitrogen conveying equipment used for conveying a first part of a liquid nitrogen refrigeration rock sample clamp in a liquid nitrogen storage tank, and the liquid nitrogen conveying equipment is connected with the liquid nitrogen storage tank through a liquid nitrogen conveying pipeline; and a liquid nitrogen outlet for guiding liquid nitrogen to flow to the second part of the rock sample clamp is formed between the rock sample clamp and the inner wall of the shell. According to the method, the surface of a sample deviating from a rock sample clamp is polished; wherein the liquid nitrogen conveying equipment conveys liquid nitrogen to flow through the back surface of the first part refrigeration sample of the rock sample clamp, and then the liquid nitrogen flows to the front surface of the second part refrigeration sample of the rock sample clamp. According to the technical scheme, the first part and the second part of the rock slice to be ground can be cooled and frozen, the continuous freezing function can be achieved, and the heat effect generated by friction can be better avoided. Furthermore, the original state of the crude oil substance in the rock sample can be effectively protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, and in particular to a freezing slice making device and a freezing slice making method for oil-bearing rocks, which can prepare and polish optical thin slices of field oil and gas outcrop rock samples and underground oil-bearing rock samples. Background Art

[0002] The study of the distribution, occurrence law and state of crude oil components in oil-bearing cores is the main way to reveal the migration and enrichment mechanism of oil and gas in reservoir rocks. However, crude oil components are very easy to spill under normal temperature conditions; in order to address the above problems, oil-bearing cores must be cored in a closed manner and stored in a frozen state, and the occurrence state of crude oil must be effectively protected during the sample grinding and sample preparation process. At present, most grinding technologies in the industry are traditional technologies; the mainstream technology is mechanical polishing, which has a fast polishing rate and is prone to instantaneous thermal effects. It is mostly suitable for the preparation of cores that do not contain organic matter. These rock slices are prone to local high-temperature thermal effects during the grinding and preparation process, and the high temperature generated by the rapid friction of oil-bearing core samples can cause the physical properties of organic crude oil components to change inside the core, making it impossible to present their original occurrence state.

[0003] After searching the prior art, the following literature was obtained.

[0004] Patent document A handheld oil-bearing sandstone freezing grinding device (application number CN201310173697.8). The device ensures that the rock sample is in a low-temperature freezing environment when grinding the rock fluorescent thin slices, so that the crude oil is in a solid state, and the original state of the crude oil in the pores of the rock sample is ensured. The present invention improves the working environment of the operator, has the characteristics of low cost and convenient grinding, and can perform manual grinding operations without the need for a large laboratory.

[0005] Patent document A clamping structure and rock slice grinding device (application number CN201921984436.3), belonging to the field of rock slice production technology. The clamping structure includes a lifting assembly and an adjustment assembly, the first slide bar slides through both sides of the lifting plate, the upper end of the first slide bar is fixedly installed with a first limit block, the lower end of the first slide bar is fixedly connected with a fixed block, the adjustment plate is installed in the first mounting groove, the adjustment plate is provided with a second mounting groove, the glass plate is fixedly installed in the second mounting groove, the adjustment rod is threadedly installed in the threaded through hole, the device can adjust the height of the adjustment plate, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the thickness of the rock grinding, and the lifting plate is limited by the first slide bar to move, the lifting plate is lifted and lowered smoothly, and will not tilt, so that the grinding of the rock slice is not easy to produce errors, thereby improving the success rate of rock slice production.

[0006] Patent document An automatic grinding device (application number CN201910329018.9), including: a rotating drive module, the rotating drive module is provided with a drive shaft; a fixed disk, the fixed disk is connected to the drive shaft, and the fixed disk is used to place the rock sample; a pressurizing device, the pressurizing device is connected to the drive shaft, and the pressurizing device includes a plurality of push rods, and the push rods are used to fix the rock sample in the fixed disk from the first surface of the rock sample; a plurality of pressure regulating modules, each pressure regulating module is sleeved on the outside of a push rod, and the pressure regulating module is used to adjust the pressure applied to the first surface of the rock sample. The automatic grinding device of the present invention adjusts the grinding pressure according to the hardness of the rock sample through the pressure regulating module during the batch grinding process. In one processing process, rock samples with different hardness can be batch ground at the same time, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of polishing.

[0007] Patent document A multi-sample rock slice automatic fine grinding machine (application number CN202220053414.0), which relates to the technical field of fine grinding equipment, the multi-sample rock slice automatic fine grinding machine provided by the utility model includes a feeding mechanism, a load-carrying rotating mechanism, a fine grinding rotating mechanism and a water tank; one end of the load-carrying rotating mechanism extends into the water tank and has a load-carrying surface, the load-carrying surface has a plurality of bearing grooves for carrying the slices to be ground; one end of the fine grinding rotating mechanism extends into the water tank and has a fine grinding surface, the fine grinding surface is parallel to and faces the load-carrying surface, and the fine grinding surface is used to fine grind each slice to be ground; the feeding mechanism is connected to the load-carrying rotating mechanism or the fine grinding rotating mechanism, and the feeding mechanism is used to adjust the distance between the load-carrying surface and the fine grinding surface; a water spraying structure is provided in the water tank. The multi-sample rock slice automatic fine grinding machine provided by the utility model can realize the fine grinding processing of multiple slices to be ground at the same time, and the flushing water in the water tank can take away the rock chips ground off, thereby ensuring that the thickness of the slices to be ground is uniform and the precision is high, meeting the requirements of slice production quality.

[0008] Patent document A portable rock slice grinding device and a grinding method thereof (application number CN201710885230.4), including a base, the base is provided with a base that can move forward and backward along the base, the base is provided with a slice fixing device for fixing the rock slice and can move left and right along the base, the left side of the slice fixing device is provided with a bowl-shaped grinding wheel for grinding the rock slice opposite to the rock slice, and the bowl-shaped grinding wheel is connected to the driving mechanism. The present invention has the characteristics of simple operation, high working efficiency and low maintenance cost; it realizes rapid slice making on offshore platforms; during field geological surveys, the motor can be replaced with a set of high gear ratio gear sets, and a microscope that reflects sunlight can be carried to realize rapid slice making without electricity under difficult conditions in the field, and thin slice identification can be carried out at the field sampling site; it has great practical significance for field geological exploration.

[0009] After research and analysis, it was found that most of the existing fixtures for the preparation and polishing of thin sections of oil-bearing rocks do not consider the protection of the original state of organic components such as crude oil in the rock. At present, as exploration continues to expand into the unconventional field of shale and tight rock, the study of the original state of crude oil in oil-bearing rocks is a new research field. At present, laser confocal microscopes are mostly used for three-dimensional fluorescence quantitative analysis of the original state of crude oil in rocks. Samples from several thousand meters underground are very precious and rare, and have great scientific research value. Once many samples are prepared incorrectly, there are basically no more samples to repeat the preparation experiment. Therefore, it is necessary to design a preparation fixture for the cryo-slicing of oil-bearing rocks, which can provide real-time cryo-protection on both sides of the prepared samples, and can effectively protect the original state of the crude oil components in the rock from being destroyed. Summary of the invention

[0010] The present application provides a freezing slab making device and a freezing slab making method for oil-containing rocks, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problem that the prior art does not consider protecting the original state of organic components such as crude oil in the rock.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present application, an embodiment provides a freezing slice making device for oil-bearing rocks, comprising:

[0012] A shell having an opening at the bottom;

[0013] A rock sample fixture fixed to the opening of the shell;

[0014] a liquid nitrogen storage tank fixed in the housing; and

[0015] A liquid nitrogen controller is fixed in the housing; the liquid nitrogen controller has a liquid nitrogen delivery device for delivering the first part of the liquid nitrogen refrigeration rock sample fixture in the liquid nitrogen storage tank, and the liquid nitrogen delivery device is connected to the liquid nitrogen storage tank through a liquid nitrogen transmission pipeline and is electrically connected to the liquid nitrogen controller;

[0016] Wherein, a liquid nitrogen outflow outlet for guiding the liquid nitrogen to flow toward the second part of the rock sample clamp is arranged between the rock sample clamp and the inner wall of the shell.

[0017] In one embodiment, a cooling channel for liquid nitrogen to flow through is provided on the back side of the rock sample clamp; the liquid nitrogen flows to cool the back side of the rock sample clamp and then flows into the front side of the rock sample clamp through the liquid nitrogen outlet.

[0018] In one embodiment, the refrigeration channel is formed between the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the rock sample clamp, and a plurality of external springs for fixing the rock sample clamp are fixedly connected in the refrigeration channel.

[0019] In one embodiment, the rock sample clamp includes a clamp body; a bolt is connected to the clamp body; one end of the bolt extends out of the housing and is connected to a knob handle; the knob handle is used to drive the clamp body to open or tighten.

[0020] In one embodiment, the clamp body comprises a hollow metal sheet.

[0021] In one embodiment, a pressure sensor is connected to the rock sample fixture, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to a liquid nitrogen controller.

[0022] In one embodiment, a shell cover for opening the shell is provided on the top of the shell.

[0023] In one embodiment, the top of the shell is configured as a curved surface for easy handholding.

[0024] According to one aspect of the present application, an embodiment provides a method for freezing and slicing oil-bearing rocks, using the freezing and slicing device for oil-bearing rocks as described in any one of the above items, and the freezing and slicing method for oil-bearing rocks comprises the following steps:

[0025] S1. Grind the surface of the sample away from the rock sample holder;

[0026] S2. During the grinding operation, the liquid nitrogen delivery device delivers liquid nitrogen to flow through the back side of the first part of the rock sample holder to cool the sample, and then the liquid nitrogen flows to the front side of the second part of the rock sample holder to cool the sample.

[0027] In one embodiment, the liquid nitrogen controller controls the flow rate of the liquid nitrogen based on the monitoring value of the pressure sensor to provide bidirectional cooling to the front and back of the rock sample fixture.

[0028] The technical solution of the above embodiment can cool and freeze the first and second parts of the rock slice to be ground, and can achieve a continuous freezing function, which can better avoid the heat effect caused by friction. Further, the original state of the crude oil in the rock sample can be effectively protected.

[0029] Generally, the technical solution of the above embodiment can achieve the effect of refrigerating and freezing the double sides of the sample to be ground by liquid nitrogen. The grinding contact surface is the one that actually generates a lot of heat, and the grinding surface is also used for later analysis, so the importance of cryoprotection of the grinding surface is far greater than that of the back side. Liquid nitrogen flows to the front side to absorb heat and fully cool down, which can effectively protect the original state of the crude oil components in the rock from being destroyed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a freezing slice making device for oil-bearing rocks in one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rock sample clamp in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] 100-shell; 101-detachment opening; 102-baffle; 103-first metal groove; 104-second metal groove; 105-support; 201-liquid nitrogen storage tank; 202-liquid nitrogen controller; 203-liquid nitrogen inlet pipe; 204-liquid nitrogen outlet pipe; 205-liquid discharge outlet; 301-pressure sensor; 302-external spring; 303-fixing seat; 304-liquid nitrogen outlet; 401-knob handle; 402-bolt; 403-hollow metal sheet; 404-first raised nut; 405-second raised nut; 501-glass slide; 502-sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only embodiments of a part of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" etc. in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and need not be used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged in appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, the process, method, system, product or equipment comprising a series of steps or units need not be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0037] It should be understood that when an element (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) is described as being "on" another element, the element may be directly on the other element, or there may be an intermediate element. Moreover, in this application, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element, or "connected" to the other element through a third element.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2One embodiment of the present application provides a freezing slice making device for oil-bearing rock, comprising: a shell 100. The bottom of the shell 100 has an opening; a rock sample fixture is fixed to the opening of the shell 100; a liquid nitrogen storage tank 201 is fixed in the shell 100; a liquid nitrogen controller 202 is fixed in the shell 100; the liquid nitrogen controller 202 has a liquid nitrogen delivery device for delivering liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage tank 201 to refrigerate the first part of the rock sample fixture, and the liquid nitrogen delivery device is connected to the liquid nitrogen storage tank 201 through a liquid nitrogen transmission pipeline and is electrically connected to the liquid nitrogen controller 202. Among them, a liquid nitrogen flow outlet 304 is provided between the rock sample fixture and the inner wall of the shell 100 to guide the liquid nitrogen to flow to the second part of the rock sample fixture.

[0040] In one embodiment, a first groove is fixedly provided at the liquid nitrogen outlet 304, and the groove portion can serve as an outflow channel. The first groove is used to connect the first end of the hollow metal sheet 403. A second groove is fixedly provided at a location opposite to the first groove, approximately below the discharge outlet 205. The second groove connects the second end of the hollow metal sheet 403 and the connecting bolt 402. Preferably, the first groove is the first metal groove 103, and the second groove is the second metal groove 104. In addition, the first metal groove 103 and the second metal groove 104 can be further configured as fine metal grooves, which can be connected to the raised nuts on the rock sample fixture and can slide up and down. Among them, the sample 502 can directly enter the freezing slice making device of the oil-bearing rock from the bottom, first connect the end of the first metal groove 103, and then connect the end of the second metal groove 104 to fix it, but there is a little range of sliding up and down in the longitudinal direction.

[0041] In one embodiment, a refrigeration channel for liquid nitrogen to flow through is provided on the back of the rock sample fixture; the liquid nitrogen flows to refrigerate the back of the rock sample fixture and then flows into the front of the rock sample fixture through the liquid nitrogen outlet 304. At this time, the front of the rock sample fixture faces the opening, and after the sample 502 is clamped on the rock sample fixture, a part of the sample 502 extends out of the opening, which is convenient for processing the surface of the sample 502. Preferably, a drainage outlet 205 is provided on the refrigeration channel, and the drainage outlet 205 is connected to the liquid nitrogen outlet pipe 204. Preferably, the refrigeration channel is formed between the liquid nitrogen storage tank 201 and the rock sample fixture, and a plurality of external springs 302 for fixing the rock sample fixture are fixedly connected in the refrigeration channel. The external spring 302 can fix the rock sample fixture, and at the same time, the rock sample fixture drives the sample 502 to provide a buffering effect during the polishing process.

[0042] In one embodiment, liquid nitrogen flows through the back of the rock sample fixture and the sample 502 in the refrigeration channel to cool the sample 502, and then the liquid nitrogen continues to flow to the front cooling friction surface of the rock sample fixture and the sample 502 through the liquid nitrogen flow outlet 304. It can be understood that the liquid nitrogen flows through the side of the rock sample fixture and the sample 502 in the refrigeration channel to cool the sample 502, and then the liquid nitrogen continues to flow to the front cooling friction surface of the rock sample fixture and the sample 502 through the liquid nitrogen flow outlet 304. It can also be understood that the liquid nitrogen flows through the end face of the rock sample fixture and the sample 502 in the refrigeration channel to cool the sample 502, and then the liquid nitrogen continues to flow to the front cooling friction surface of the rock sample fixture and the sample 502 through the liquid nitrogen flow outlet 304. More directly, the liquid nitrogen flows to the front cooling friction surface of the rock sample fixture and the sample 502 in the refrigeration channel.

[0043] In one embodiment, the rock sample clamp includes a clamp body; a bolt 402 is connected to the clamp body; one end of the bolt 402 extends out of the housing 100 and is connected to the knob handle 401; the knob handle 401 is used to drive the clamp body to open or tighten. Preferably, the clamp body has a hollow metal sheet 403, and the two ends of the hollow metal sheet 403 are respectively connected to the first protruding nut 404 and the second protruding nut 405. The first protruding nut 404 is used to connect with the second metal groove 104, and the second protruding nut 405 is used to connect with the first metal groove 103; it can play a role of sliding up and down. At the same time, a support 105 is fixed on the housing 100 corresponding to the rock sample clamp, and the support 105 is generally a metal support; the support 105 plays the role of fixing the balance knob handle 401 and / or the bolt 402. After the sample 502 is clamped, the back of the sample 502 has a glass slide 501, and the glass slide 501 contacts the hollow metal sheet 403. The hollow metal sheet 403 has a hollow part, and liquid nitrogen will enter the hollow part when flowing in the refrigeration channel to directly refrigerate and freeze the rock sample, so the cooling effect is better.

[0044] In one embodiment, the rock sample fixture is connected to a pressure sensor 301, and the pressure sensor 301 is electrically connected to a liquid nitrogen controller 202. The liquid nitrogen controller 202 can control the flow rate of liquid nitrogen based on the monitoring value of the pressure sensor 301, and bidirectionally cool the front and back of the rock sample fixture to achieve a better effect of refrigerating and freezing the sample 502.

[0045] In one embodiment, a shell cover for opening the shell 100 is disposed on the top of the shell 100. A separation opening 101 is provided between the shell cover and the shell 100, and opening the shell cover can facilitate the injection of liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen storage tank 201.

[0046] In one embodiment, the top of the housing 100 is designed to be an arc surface that is convenient for holding. After the rock sample fixture clamps the sample 502, the person holds the housing 100 and pushes the sample 502 to dry grind directly on the sandpaper. The arc surface design conforms to human physiology and increases the comfort and operability of the operator.

[0047] The above-mentioned freezing slice making device for oil-bearing rock can be used as follows: after the rock sample fixture clamps the sample 502 (there is a glass slide 501 between the fixture body and the sample 502), the person holds the shell 100 by hand and pushes the sample 502 to be dry-ground directly on the sandpaper. During the dry-ground operation, the liquid nitrogen controller 202 controls the liquid nitrogen delivery device to extract liquid nitrogen from the liquid nitrogen storage tank 201 through the liquid nitrogen inlet pipe 203 and enter the refrigeration channel through the liquid nitrogen outlet pipe 204. The liquid nitrogen flows through the rock sample fixture and the back of the sample 502 in the refrigeration channel to cool the sample 502. After that, the liquid nitrogen continues to flow to the rock sample fixture and the front cooling friction surface of the sample 502 through the liquid nitrogen outlet 304, and then is discharged in front of the contact surface between the sample 502 and the sandpaper, thereby achieving the effect of double-sided cooling of the sample 502 to be ground by liquid nitrogen, which can effectively protect the original state of the crude oil component in the rock from being destroyed.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 One embodiment of the present application provides a freezing slice making device for oil-bearing rocks. The freezing slice making device is mainly composed of four parts: 1. an arc-shaped shell 100; 2. a liquid nitrogen storage tank 201 and a liquid nitrogen transmission pipeline built into the shell 100; 3. a pressure sensing circuit outside the liquid nitrogen storage tank 201 and a liquid nitrogen storage tank 201 fixing structure, a liquid nitrogen circulation channel (i.e., a refrigeration channel), and an external spring 302; 4. a sample loading mechanism.

[0050] In one embodiment, a baffle 102 is disposed on one side of the liquid nitrogen storage tank 201 , and the baffle 102 is fixed in the shell 100 ; a fixing seat 303 is disposed at the bottom of the liquid nitrogen storage tank 201 .

[0051] In one embodiment, the sample loading mechanism is mainly composed of a bolt 402 and a clamp body; the bolt 402 is connected to the knob handle 401, the bolt 402 enters the interior of the housing 100, and the clamp body clamps and fixes the two sides of the rock slice to be polished. Preferably, the back of the clamp body has a hollow metal sheet 403, which will be better cooled by liquid nitrogen. When the sample 502 is manually polished, the liquid nitrogen is discharged from the drain outlet 205, and the back of the rock slice is frozen through the hollow part of the hollow metal sheet 403 at the top of the clamp body. After that, the liquid nitrogen circulates to the liquid nitrogen outlet 304 to directly cool and freeze the polishing paper surface and the rock surface.

[0052] In one embodiment, the built-in pressure sensor 301 in the housing can accurately control the flow rate / flow of liquid nitrogen injection according to the change in the pressure on the grinding surface, and cyclically perform effective freezing and temperature control on both sides of the rock slice to be processed.

[0053] Embodiment 3

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 One embodiment of the present application provides a method for freezing and flaking oil-bearing rocks, which can use the freezing and flaking oil-bearing rock apparatus described in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. Specifically, the freezing and flaking oil-bearing rock method comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1. Clamp the sample 502 into the rock sample fixture;

[0056] S2. Grinding the surface of sample 502 away from the rock sample fixture;

[0057] S3. During the grinding operation, the liquid nitrogen delivery device delivers liquid nitrogen to flow through the back side of the first part of the rock sample fixture to cool the sample 502, and then the liquid nitrogen flows to the front side of the second part of the rock sample fixture to cool the sample 502.

[0058] The best effect is that the liquid nitrogen controller 202 controls the flow rate of liquid nitrogen based on the monitoring value of the pressure sensor 301, and cools the front and back of the rock sample fixture in both directions, which can effectively maintain the original state of the crude oil in the rock.

[0059] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A freezing and flaking device for oil-bearing rocks, characterized in that: include: A shell having an opening at the bottom; A rock sample fixture fixed to the opening of the shell; a liquid nitrogen storage tank, fixed in the shell; and A liquid nitrogen controller is fixed in the housing; the liquid nitrogen controller has a liquid nitrogen delivery device for delivering the first part of the liquid nitrogen refrigeration rock sample fixture in the liquid nitrogen storage tank, and the liquid nitrogen delivery device is connected to the liquid nitrogen storage tank through a liquid nitrogen transmission pipeline and is electrically connected to the liquid nitrogen controller; Wherein, a liquid nitrogen outflow outlet for guiding the liquid nitrogen to flow toward the second part of the rock sample clamp is arranged between the rock sample clamp and the inner wall of the shell.

2. The freezing and flaking device for oil-bearing rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back of the rock sample clamp is provided with a cooling channel for liquid nitrogen to flow through; the liquid nitrogen flows to cool the back of the rock sample clamp and then flows into the front of the rock sample clamp through the liquid nitrogen outlet.

3. A freezing slice making device for oil-bearing rocks according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The refrigeration channel is formed between the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the rock sample clamp, and a plurality of external springs for fixing the rock sample clamp are fixedly connected in the refrigeration channel.

4. The freezing and flaking device for oil-bearing rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock sample clamp comprises a clamp body; a bolt is connected to the clamp body; one end of the bolt extends out of the housing and is connected to a knob handle; the knob handle is used to drive the clamp body to open or tighten.

5. The freezing and flaking device for oil-bearing rocks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamp body comprises a hollow metal sheet.

6. A freezing and flaking device for oil-bearing rocks according to any one of claims 1, 4 and 5, characterized in that: The rock sample fixture is connected with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to a liquid nitrogen controller.

7. The freezing and flaking device for oil-bearing rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shell cover for opening the shell is arranged on the top of the shell.

8. The freezing and flaking device for oil-bearing rocks according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The top of the shell is configured as a curved surface for easy handholding.

9. A method for freezing and flaking oil-bearing rocks, characterized in that: The freezing slab making device for oil-bearing rock according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, and the freezing slab making method for oil-bearing rock comprises the following steps: S1. Grind the surface of the sample away from the rock sample holder; S2. During the grinding operation, the liquid nitrogen delivery device delivers liquid nitrogen to flow through the back side of the first part of the rock sample holder to cool the sample, and then the liquid nitrogen flows to the front side of the second part of the rock sample holder to cool the sample.

10. The method for freezing and flaking oil-bearing rocks according to claim 9, characterized in that: The liquid nitrogen controller controls the flow rate of liquid nitrogen based on the monitoring value of the pressure sensor, and cools the front and back of the rock sample fixture in both directions.

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