A method for selecting wind turbine positions in a wind farm and related devices

Abstract

The present application discloses a method for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm and related devices. In the method, fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points in a reference area and fixed measurement reference values ​​of target wind resource indicators are obtained through a wind tower; the cruise equipment collects multiple groups of dynamic wind resource measurement data by multiple cruise paths in the reference area, and calculates the dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource indicator; the target cruise path is determined based on the matching of the dynamic measurement reference value and the fixed measurement reference value; a cruise path in a non-reference area is constructed according to the target cruise path, and the cruise equipment collects cruise data along this path to obtain dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area. Based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the non-reference area, multiple wind turbine locations to be built are determined in the area to be built of the wind farm by analyzing the wind power output, wind power cost electricity fee and grid electricity fee.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a method for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm and related devices. Background Art

[0002] Wind power generation (abbreviated as: wind power) refers to the conversion of wind kinetic energy into electrical energy. As a clean and pollution-free renewable energy, wind energy has huge reserves and has high application prospects in power generation. As one of the new energy types for power generation, wind power has occupied a relatively major position in the development of new energy. As of the end of June 2023, China's wind power installed capacity was about 390 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 13.7%. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, wind power increased by 7.4% in December 2023.

[0003] In the field of wind power, the site selection for wind farms and wind turbines (referred to as wind turbines) largely determines the wind power output. At present, the general method for selecting the site for wind turbines is to set up wind towers at several fixed points to measure parameters such as wind speed, and then determine the wind power output (which can be represented by wind power) to achieve the site selection of wind turbines. However, for larger-scale wind farms, if effective wind turbine site selection is expected, a large amount of cost will be required to build a large number of wind towers to obtain a large amount of data from different points. High cost has become the biggest problem in the site selection of wind turbines.

[0004] In addition, the pain point of wind power prediction lies in the fact that wind power has the characteristics of volatility and intermittency, which puts higher requirements on uncontrollable factors such as sensor detection performance, data transmission performance and continuity of network communication. For the data obtained by measuring wind towers at fixed points, on the one hand, it only represents the situation of the fixed points measured, and cannot comprehensively represent the situation of other points in the area to be built, and the information is single. On the other hand, there is no way to form data assets and transform them into similar construction needs. From the above analysis, it can be seen that the existing method of measuring wind power at fixed points is costly, and the measured data has low utility, which makes it difficult to achieve accurate and favorable wind turbine site selection. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the above problems, the present application provides a method and related devices for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm, with the aim of reducing measurement input costs, improving the effectiveness of measurement data, and ensuring that the selected wind turbine locations are accurate and beneficial.

[0006] The embodiments of the present application disclose the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm, the method comprising:

[0008] Obtaining fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points through multiple wind towers set up in a reference area within the area to be built of the wind farm;

[0009] Based on the fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points, a fixed measurement reference value of a target wind resource index in the reference area is determined; the target wind resource index is one of multiple types of wind resource indexes in the fixed measurement data of wind resources;

[0010] The mobile cruise device is controlled to cruise multiple times in the reference area along multiple cruise paths, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise, and obtains multiple groups of wind resource dynamic measurement data of the reference area; the mobile cruise device is equipped with one or more sensors for collecting wind resource index data; a group of wind resource dynamic measurement data corresponds to a cruise path adopted by a cruise in the reference area;

[0011] For each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data in the multiple sets of wind resource dynamic measurement data, respectively calculate a dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index;

[0012] Determining a target cruise path from the multiple cruise paths based on the calculated matching of the multiple dynamic measurement reference values ​​of the target wind resource index and the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index;

[0013] Constructing a cruise path for a non-reference area in the area to be built of the wind farm according to the target cruise path, and controlling the mobile cruise device to cruise in the non-reference area based on the constructed cruise path, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise and obtains dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area;

[0014] Based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area, multiple wind turbine locations to be built are determined in the area to be built of the wind farm by analyzing wind power output, wind power cost and grid electricity charges.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0016] Determine the expected wind power generation scale and geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built;

[0017] According to the expected wind power generation scale and the geographical environment characteristics, a reference area and a non-reference area are delineated in the area where the wind farm is to be built, and a fixed-point arrangement plan of wind towers in the reference area is generated.

[0018] In a possible implementation, based on the expected wind power generation scale and the geographical environment characteristics, a reference area and a non-reference area are demarcated in the area where the wind farm is to be built, and a fixed point arrangement plan of wind towers in the reference area is generated, including:

[0019] If the expected wind power generation scale is the first level scale, the number of fixed points of wind towers is set based on the expected wind power generation scale, and the location information of the fixed points of wind towers is set based on the number and the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm; based on the location information, the land area where the fixed points of wind towers are located in the area to be built of the wind farm is taken as a reference area, and the rest of the area is taken as a non-reference area;

[0020] If the expected wind power generation scale is of the second level scale, the area to be built of the wind farm is demarcated into multiple subareas based on the expected wind power generation scale; the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to each subarea is determined based on the expected wind power generation scale and the number of subareas; based on the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm, one or multiple subareas are selected as reference areas, and the connected areas of the remaining subareas are used as non-reference areas; the number of fixed points of wind towers is set based on the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to the reference area; a layout plan of fixed points of wind towers is generated according to the geographical environment characteristics of the reference area; the second level scale is larger than the first level scale.

[0021] In a possible implementation, setting the location information of the fixed point of the wind tower based on the number and the geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built includes:

[0022] If the geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built indicate that the area where the wind farm is to be built includes a special area, a fixed point of a wind tower is preferentially set in the special area;

[0023] The selecting one or more subareas as reference areas based on the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm includes: if the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm indicate that the area to be built of the wind farm contains a special area, then preferentially selecting a subarea that overlaps with the special area as the reference area.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the special area is at least one of the following types of areas:

[0025] Wind vents, areas where the terrain elevation changes suddenly, and areas where the air density changes suddenly.

[0026] In a possible implementation, determining the expected wind power generation scale in the area where the wind farm is to be built includes:

[0027] Obtaining the wind power capacity expected to be installed in the area where the wind farm is to be built;

[0028] Based on the mapping relationship between the range of wind power capacity and the scale of wind power generation, the expected scale of wind power generation in the area where the wind farm is to be built is determined.

[0029] In a possible implementation, determining a target cruise path from the multiple cruise paths based on the calculated matching of the multiple dynamic measurement reference values ​​of the target wind resource index and the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index includes:

[0030] respectively calculating the absolute values ​​of the differences between a plurality of dynamic measurement reference values ​​of the target wind resource index and the fixed measurement reference value;

[0031] Based on the correspondence between the dynamic measurement data of wind resources and the cruise path, the cruise path corresponding to a dynamic measurement reference value having the smallest absolute value of the difference with the fixed measurement reference value is determined as the target cruise path.

[0032] In a possible implementation, each cruise path includes multiple position points at different altitudes with the same longitude and latitude, so that the mobile cruise device collects data at multiple different altitudes for the position points at the same longitude and latitude during the cruise;

[0033] The wind resource fixed measurement data of each fixed point includes the wind resource fixed measurement data of different altitudes of the longitude and latitude indicated by the fixed point.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the target wind resource indicator is wind speed;

[0035] Determining the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index in the reference area based on the fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points includes:

[0036] Extracting a plurality of fixed-point measurement values ​​of wind speed from the fixed measurement data of wind resources at the plurality of fixed-points;

[0037] The median or average value of the wind speed measurement values ​​at multiple fixed points is obtained as the fixed measurement reference value of the wind speed in the reference area.

[0038] In a possible implementation, for each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data in the multiple sets of wind resource dynamic measurement data, respectively calculating a dynamic measurement reference value of a target wind resource indicator includes:

[0039] A dynamic measurement value data set of wind speed is extracted from each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data; and a wind speed mean value is calculated for each dynamic measurement value data set as a dynamic measurement reference value of the wind speed corresponding to the set of wind resource dynamic measurement data.

[0040] In a possible implementation, both the wind resource fixed measurement data and the wind resource dynamic measurement data include the following types of wind resource indicators:

[0041] Latitude and longitude coordinates, wind speed, air density, and elevation;

[0042] The method of determining a plurality of wind turbine locations to be built in the wind farm to be built area based on the wind resource dynamic measurement data of the reference area and the wind resource dynamic measurement data of the non-reference area by analyzing wind power output, wind power cost electricity fee and grid electricity fee specifically includes:

[0043] Based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area, a plurality of wind turbine location construction plans are generated; the wind turbine location construction plans include: the latitude and longitude coordinates, elevation and annual power generation of a plurality of wind turbines to be constructed; wherein the annual power generation is calculated based on wind speed and air density;

[0044] Based on the annual power generation, wind power cost and grid electricity charges, the feasibility of the multiple wind turbine site construction plans is analyzed; and multiple wind turbine sites to be built are determined based on the most feasible wind turbine site construction plan.

[0045] A second aspect of the present application provides a device for selecting wind turbine positions in a wind farm, the device comprising:

[0046] A fixed data acquisition module is used to obtain fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points through multiple wind measurement towers set in a reference area within the area to be built in the wind farm;

[0047] A fixed measurement reference value determination module, used to determine a fixed measurement reference value of a target wind resource index in the reference area based on fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points; the target wind resource index is one of multiple types of wind resource indexes in the fixed measurement data of wind resources;

[0048] A cruise control module, used for controlling a mobile cruise device to perform multiple cruises in the reference area along multiple cruise paths, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise, and obtains multiple groups of wind resource dynamic measurement data of the reference area; the mobile cruise device is equipped with one or more sensors for collecting wind resource index data; a group of wind resource dynamic measurement data corresponds to a cruise path adopted by a cruise in the reference area;

[0049] A dynamic measurement reference value calculation module, used to calculate the dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index for each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data in the multiple sets of wind resource dynamic measurement data;

[0050] a path determination module, configured to determine a target cruising path from the plurality of cruising paths based on the calculated matching of the plurality of dynamic measurement reference values ​​of the target wind resource index and the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index;

[0051] The cruise control module is further used to construct a cruise path in a non-reference area in the area to be built of the wind farm according to the target cruise path, and control the mobile cruise device to cruise in the non-reference area based on the constructed cruise path, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise and obtains dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area;

[0052] The module for determining the locations of wind turbines to be built is used to determine the locations of multiple wind turbines to be built in the area to be built of the wind farm based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area, by analyzing wind power output, wind power cost electricity charges and grid electricity charges.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] In the technical solution of the present application, fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points in the reference area are obtained through a wind tower, and based on this, a fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index in the reference area can be obtained. In addition, multiple groups of dynamic measurement data of wind resources are obtained by collecting data through multiple cruises in the reference area using multiple cruise paths by cruise equipment, and the dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index is calculated. Based on the matching of the dynamic measurement reference value and the fixed measurement reference value, the target cruise path is determined from the multiple cruise paths, and then a cruise path in the non-reference area is constructed according to the target cruise path, and the cruise equipment is ordered to collect cruise data along this path to obtain dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area. Finally, based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the non-reference area, multiple wind turbine locations to be built are determined in the area to be built of the wind farm by analyzing the wind power output, wind power cost electricity fee and grid electricity fee.

[0055] In this scheme, the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index determined in the reference area is used as a reference, and the matching comparison is performed in combination with the data collected by the actual dynamic cruise, so as to realize the screening of the cruise path. And based on the selected target cruise path, the cruise and data collection in the non-reference area are realized. This method does not need to set up wind towers throughout the area to be built in the wind farm, but only sets up wind towers in a limited reference area: the dynamic measurement method in the reference area is used as an example and promoted to the non-reference area, and the effective reuse of the cruise path is realized, so as to realize the selection of wind turbine points in the entire wind farm to be built area. It can be seen that the technical scheme of the present application can reduce the number of wind towers to be built, reduce the measurement investment cost, and improve the utility of the measurement data. With the help of the fixed point measurement of a limited number of wind towers and the dynamic measurement of data by movable cruise equipment, the selection of wind turbine points can be easily realized. Since the target cruise path is determined after analyzing the matching of the dynamic measurement reference value and the fixed measurement reference value, the accuracy of the wind turbine point finally selected can be guaranteed, which is conducive to the development of power production in the wind power scene. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0057] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 2A A flowchart of an example implementation method for demarcating reference areas and non-reference areas when the expected wind power generation scale is the first level scale, and generating a fixed point arrangement scheme of wind towers in the reference area;

[0059] Figure 2B A schematic diagram of a reference area and a non-reference area formed in the area to be built of a wind farm when the expected wind power generation scale is the first level scale;

[0060] Figure 3A A flowchart of an example implementation method for demarcating reference areas and non-reference areas when the expected wind power generation scale is the second level scale, and generating a fixed point arrangement scheme of wind towers in the reference area;

[0061] Figure 3B A schematic diagram of a reference area and a non-reference area formed in the area where the wind farm is to be built when the expected wind power generation scale is the second level scale;

[0062] Figure 3C This is a schematic diagram of the effect of the fixed point arrangement scheme of the wind tower formed in the reference area;

[0063] Figure 4 A flow chart of another method for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of wind turbine location selection in a wind farm based on deep learning and reinforcement learning;

[0065] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a wind turbine point selection device for a wind farm provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] At present, in the field of wind power generation technology, it is generally necessary to widely use wind towers to measure parameters at many fixed points. However, wind towers are very expensive. If a large number of wind towers are built, it will obviously cost a lot for large-scale power plants. Therefore, the high cost of wind turbine site selection is currently a major problem in promoting wind turbine site selection.

[0067] In response to this problem, the inventors have proposed a method and related devices for selecting wind turbine locations in wind farms after research. In this scheme, the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index determined in the reference area is used as a reference, and a matching comparison is performed in combination with the data collected by the actual dynamic cruise, thereby realizing the screening of the cruise path. Based on the screened target cruise path, cruise and data collection in non-reference areas are realized. There is no need to set up wind measurement towers throughout the area to be built in the wind farm. Wind measurement towers can be set up only in a limited reference area, which effectively reduces the number of wind measurement towers to be built, reduces the measurement investment cost, saves investment in the construction of wind measurement towers, and also makes wind turbine site selection easier to achieve.

[0068] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0069] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm. Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , the method for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm includes:

[0070] S101. Obtaining fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points through multiple wind measurement towers set in a reference area within the area to be built of the wind farm.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the area to be built of the wind farm refers to the area where the wind farm is planned to be built. It is necessary to select wind turbine locations in the area to be built of the wind farm, and then subsequently put wind turbines into use at the corresponding locations to realize the actual construction of the wind farm. In the embodiment of the present application, S101 to S107 describe the specific process of selecting appropriate wind turbine locations.

[0072] In practical applications, according to the demand for wind power generation, the area to be built of the wind farm can be preliminarily selected in combination with the wind energy resources, topography, climate conditions, transportation conditions, grid connection conditions, etc. of different regions. In addition, the area and geographical scope required for the wind farm inspection area can also be determined in combination with the expected scale of wind power generation.

[0073] In the specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, in order to reduce the investment cost of wind resource measurement, it is proposed to first set up a wind measurement tower in the reference area of ​​the wind farm to be built, and then based on the actual measurement of wind resources in the reference area (including fixed measurement and dynamic measurement of cruise equipment), carry out cruise and data collection work in the non-reference area.

[0074] To facilitate understanding of the reference area settings, the following describes the selection of the reference area.

[0075] In this application, the reference area refers to the area where a wind tower needs to be set up, while the non-reference area does not need to set up a wind tower, thereby saving the measurement investment cost of wind resources. In addition, the wind towers in the reference area can be set up according to the generated fixed-point arrangement plan of the wind towers, rather than being set up in a disorderly and unfounded manner. The orderliness of the arrangement of wind towers is also conducive to planning a variety of cruise paths within the reference area.

[0076] Therefore, before obtaining fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points through multiple wind measurement towers set up in the reference area within the wind farm to be built area, the present application may also include: determining the expected wind power generation scale and geographical environment characteristics of the wind farm to be built area; based on the expected wind power generation scale and geographical environment characteristics, delineating reference areas and non-reference areas within the wind farm to be built area, and generating a fixed-point arrangement plan for wind measurement towers in the reference area.

[0077] That is, in the technical solution of the present application, the delineation of the reference area and the generation of the fixed point arrangement plan of the wind tower mainly depend on the specific conditions of the expected wind power generation scale and the geographical environment characteristics.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the method for determining the expected wind power generation scale in the area where the wind farm is to be built includes:

[0079] The expected installed wind power capacity in the area where the wind farm is to be built is obtained; then, based on the mapping relationship between the range of wind power capacity and the scale of wind power generation, the expected wind power generation scale in the area where the wind farm is to be built is determined.

[0080] For example, the mapping relationship between several levels of wind power capacity and wind power generation scale can be pre-set, such as: wind power capacity is below 100MW, corresponding to the first level of wind power generation scale (referred to as the first level scale); wind power capacity is above 500MW, corresponding to the second level of wind power generation scale (referred to as the second level scale); wind power capacity is in the range of 100MW to 500MW (including two endpoints), corresponding to the third level of wind power generation scale (referred to as the third level scale). The above-mentioned example of the mapping relationship between the range of wind power capacity and wind power generation scale can be referred to as shown in Table 1 below. Among them, the first level scale can be understood as a small-scale wind farm, the second level scale can be understood as a large-scale wind farm, and the third level scale can be understood as a medium-sized wind farm. From this relationship, it can be seen that the relationship between the first level scale, the second level scale and the third level scale is: first level scale < third level scale < second level scale.

[0081] Table 1

[0082] Range of wind power capacity Wind power generation scale <100MW First level scale 100MW~500MW The third level scale >500MW Second level scale

[0083] Combined with the examples in the above table, it is not difficult to find that if the expected installed wind power capacity in the area where the wind farm is to be built is known, combined with the mapping relationship between the range of wind power capacity and the scale of wind power generation, the expected wind power generation scale in the area where the wind farm is to be built can be determined. It should be noted that in the above mapping relationship, the level division and capacity range division for wind power generation scale are both implementation examples. In actual applications, other level division methods or capacity division methods may be used to form a mapping relationship different from Table 1. Therefore, no specific numerical limitation is made here for the specific level division method, capacity division method and the mapping relationship between the two.

[0084] The following describes an example implementation method for demarcating reference areas and non-reference areas and generating a fixed-point arrangement plan for wind towers in the reference area.

[0085] Figure 2A and Figure 2B A graphical display is provided for the case where the expected wind power generation scale is the first level scale. Figure 2A It is a flowchart of an example implementation method for demarcating reference areas and non-reference areas when the expected wind power generation scale is the first level, and generating a fixed-point arrangement plan of wind towers in the reference area. Figure 2BThis is a schematic diagram of the reference area and the non-reference area formed in the area where the wind farm is to be built when the expected wind power generation scale is the first level scale.

[0086] Figure 3A and Figure 3B A graphical display is provided for the case where the expected wind power generation scale is the second level scale. Figure 3A It is a flowchart of an example implementation method for demarcating reference areas and non-reference areas when the expected wind power generation scale is the second-level scale, and generating a fixed-point arrangement plan of wind towers in the reference area. Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram of the reference area and non-reference area formed in the area where the wind farm is to be built when the expected wind power generation scale is the second level scale.

[0087] (1) If the expected wind power generation scale is the first level scale:

[0088] S201. Set the number of fixed points of wind towers based on the expected scale of wind power generation.

[0089] See also Figure 2B , the figure shows the area where a wind farm with an expected installed wind power capacity of 50MW is to be built. Its expected wind power generation scale meets the first level scale. Therefore, it can be adopted Figure 2A The illustrated process S201 to S203 defines a reference area and a non-reference area.

[0090] In practical applications, the number of wind towers can be set according to the expected installed wind power capacity in the area where the wind farm is to be built. For example, if one is set for every 25MW, then two are needed for 50MW. Similarly, three are set for 75MW, and four are set for 100MW. Alternatively, the setting can be fixed in combination with the expected wind power generation scale. For example, if the expected wind power generation scale is the first level, two wind towers are set by default.

[0091] S202: Based on the number of fixed points of the wind tower and the geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built, the location information of the fixed points of the wind tower is set.

[0092] In practical applications, as a possible implementation method, if the geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built indicate that the area where the wind farm is to be built contains special areas (such as wind vents, areas with sudden changes in terrain elevation, and areas with sudden changes in air density), since building wind turbines in such special areas may result in greater wind power output, it is possible to set fixed points of wind measurement towers in special areas in priority.

[0093] For example, Figure 2BThe midpoint 111 and the point 112 represent the fixed points of the wind tower. Since the longitude and latitude range of a special area can be measured by geographic information or other imaging means, the location information of the fixed points of the wind tower within the area can be set, including longitude and latitude.

[0094] In practical applications, different wind tower fixed points can be set based on the same longitude or latitude. For example, the longitude of the wind tower fixed points is the same, but the latitude is different; or the latitude of the wind tower fixed points is the same, but the longitude is different. In addition, it can also be set in combination with the shape or range of the special area, for example, two wind tower fixed points are set at opposite corners of the same special area.

[0095] S203: Based on the location information of the fixed points of the wind tower, the land area where the fixed points of the wind tower are located in the area where the wind farm is to be built is used as a reference area, and the rest of the area is used as a non-reference area.

[0096] Combination Figure 2B After the positions of the wind tower fixed point 111 and the wind tower fixed point 112 are set, the plot area 11 where the two points coexist can be used as a reference area. The remaining area 12 is used as a non-reference area. Since the positions of the wind tower fixed points have been set in S202, it is equivalent to having completed the generation of the wind tower fixed point arrangement plan in the reference area, so the content of the point arrangement in this scenario embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0097] (2) If the expected wind power generation scale is the second-level scale:

[0098] S301. Delineate the area where the wind farm is to be built into multiple zones based on the expected scale of wind power generation.

[0099] See also Figure 3B , the figure shows the area where a wind farm with an expected installed wind power capacity of 1000MW is to be built. Its expected wind power generation scale meets the second-level scale. Therefore, Figure 3A The process S301 to S303 shown in the figure defines the reference area and the non-reference area, and Figure 3A The processes S304 to S305 shown generate a fixed point arrangement plan for the wind towers.

[0100] exist Figure 3B In the figure, the wind farm to be built area 20 is divided into 20 zones, namely S1 to S20. As an example, the number of zones can be set according to the expected wind power generation scale or the expected installed wind power capacity in the wind farm to be built area.

[0101] For example, the wind power capacity expected to be installed in the area where the wind farm is to be built is obtained as 1000MW, the multiple of this value and 50MW is obtained and rounded, and the rounded value is used as the number of partitions to be demarcated. It should be noted that the wind power capacity used as the denominator of the calculation can be selected from the range of wind power capacity corresponding to the first power generation scale, for example, the denominator is set to 50MW, 80MW, or even set to the upper end point of the range of wind power capacity corresponding to the first power generation scale, for example, set to 100MW.

[0102] In addition, a default number of zones can be set for each wind power generation scale, and then after confirming the expected wind power generation scale of the area where the wind farm is to be built, the number of zones that should be divided can be directly determined.

[0103] exist Figure 3B In the example, the ratio of 1000MW to 50MW is calculated and rounded, and finally it is determined that the wind farm area 20 to be built should be divided into 20 sub-areas. Subsequently, 20 sub-areas can be delineated based on the terrain characteristics and geographical scope of the wind farm area to be built, for example Figure 3B S1 to S20. The entire wind farm to be built area is divided into regions to facilitate the overall planning and management of wind resource measurement.

[0104] S302: Based on the expected wind power generation scale and the number of designated zones, determine the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to each zone.

[0105] Based on the expected wind power generation scale in the area where the wind farm is to be built and the number of designated zones, the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to each zone can be determined. Specifically, the expected installed wind power capacity in the area where the wind farm is to be built can be divided by the number of zones, and the calculated result can be compared with the ranges of the several wind power capacities introduced above. If the calculation result hits a certain range of wind power capacity, the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to each zone is determined based on the mapping relationship between the range of wind power capacity and the wind power generation scale. For example, the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to each zone is calculated and determined to be the first-level scale. The purpose of determining the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to each zone is to be able to infer the approximate magnitude of the wind power generation load in the reference area after the reference area is selected, thereby guiding the setting of the number of fixed points of the wind tower.

[0106] S303: Based on the geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built, one or more sub-areas are selected as reference areas, and the connected areas of the remaining sub-areas are selected as non-reference areas.

[0107] In the process of selecting the reference area, the geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built can also be combined. For example, if the geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built indicate that the area where the wind farm is to be built contains a special area, the subdivisions that overlap with the special area will be preferentially selected as reference areas. The overlap here can refer to an overlap of more than 50%, or an overlap of more than 80%. The reference to the overlap ratio can be set in combination with actual needs and is not limited here.

[0108] Special areas include wind vents, areas with sudden changes in terrain elevation, areas with sudden changes in air density, and other types. Among them, wind vents refer to wind trumpets or other wind-increasing belts formed according to the actual geographical environment. Selecting reference areas based on special areas can make the setting of fixed points of wind measurement towers have greater reference significance for selecting wind turbine locations. Generally speaking, if the location of a wind measurement tower is not well selected, it is likely that the final selected wind turbine location will not be scientific or accurate enough. In this way, the utilization rate of wind resources is greatly reduced, resulting in a waste of wind resources. In the embodiment of the present application, by analyzing whether the area to be built in the wind farm contains special areas, and then setting the reference area, it is helpful to improve the utilization rate of wind resources, and the selected wind turbine location obtains a greater wind power output.

[0109] exist Figure 3B In the example of FIG. 1 , the partition S5 with a white background color is the reference area, and the connected areas of the remaining partitions S1 to S4 and S6 to S20 with a gray background color are the non-reference areas.

[0110] S304: Set the number of fixed points of wind towers based on the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to the reference area.

[0111] Multiple fixed points of wind towers can be set in the reference area to complete the subsequent fixed measurement of wind resources through the wind towers built at the corresponding points. The number of fixed points of wind towers in the reference area can still be set with reference to the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to the reference area.

[0112] For example, if the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to the reference area is the first level scale, 20 wind tower fixed points are set. It should be noted that the number of wind tower fixed points set in the reference area also needs to be considered in combination with geographical environment characteristics, cost and other factors, and the number of wind tower fixed points set is not strictly limited.

[0113] S305: Generate a fixed point arrangement plan for wind towers according to the geographical environment characteristics of the reference area.

[0114] After the number of fixed points of wind towers has been determined and set through S304, the layout design of the fixed points of wind towers can be further generated in combination with the geographical environment characteristics in the reference area. For example, if there is a small area in the reference area that is a special area, several more fixed points of wind towers can be arranged for the special area. In addition, the formed layout scheme can be arranged along the outline of the reference area, or arranged at equal intervals in the reference area. The formed layout scheme of the fixed points of wind towers is not limited here.

[0115] Figure 3C The effect of the fixed point arrangement scheme of wind towers formed in the reference area is shown in the figure. Figure 3C The green background area represents the reference area within the area where the wind farm is to be built, and its edge is Figure 3C The five vertices K1, K2, K3, K4 and K5 are determined. It can be seen that the outline of the reference area can also be an irregular graphic outline. 19 wind measurement point fixed points A1 to A19 are marked in the reference area. Figure 3C It is not difficult to see that in this example, the fixed positions of the wind measurement points are almost evenly distributed in the entire reference area. Figure 3C This is only an example of arrangement. In other possible implementations, the fixed points of the wind towers may be arranged only in a local area of ​​the reference area.

[0116] In the above content, combined with Figure 2A , Figure 2B The delineation of reference area and generation of fixed point arrangement scheme of wind towers are introduced when the expected wind power generation scale is the first level. FIG. 3A to FIG. 3C The delineation of the reference area and the generation of the fixed point arrangement plan of the wind tower when the expected wind power generation scale is the second-level scale are introduced. For other possible scales, such as the third-level scale, the first-level scale or the second-level scale can be referred to for processing, which is not limited here. In addition, the division of wind power generation scale is not limited to that shown in Table 1, and can also be divided into only two types of scales, namely the first-level scale and the second-level scale. In this case, the upper limit of the range of wind power capacity corresponding to the first-level scale can be adjacent to the lower limit of the range of wind power capacity corresponding to the second-level scale.

[0117] Based on the above content, a wind tower can be built based on the fixed point arrangement plan of the wind tower. In addition, the wind resource data can be measured and collected with the help of the wind measurement equipment on the wind tower.

[0118] In a possible implementation, according to the wind measurement requirements of the wind farm and taking into account the current internationally accepted wind farm resource assessment and calculation requirements, an anemometer is used as a wind measurement device.

[0119] The main performance indicators of anemometers are as follows: wind speed range: 0-70m / s, wind speed error: <0.1m / s; wind vector range: 0-360°, wind direction error: <0.1°. While measuring wind speed, anemometers can also record other types of data, such as temperature, pressure, etc., through which air density can be indirectly calculated. Air density refers to the mass of air per unit volume, which is closely related to factors such as air temperature, pressure and humidity. For example, by measuring air temperature and pressure, the ideal gas law (PV=nRT) can be used to estimate air density. In addition, anemometers can also combine data from other meteorological observation equipment, such as hygrometers, barometers, etc., to more accurately assess air density.

[0120] In one possible implementation, wind vanes and anemometers are installed at several different heights of the wind tower. For example, a set of wind vanes is installed at each wind tower at a height of 10m-160m from the ground (wherein the 10m height can be adjusted to 15m or 30m depending on the vegetation and micro-topography on site); a set of anemometers is installed at each of the heights of 10m, 50m, 80m, 100m, 120m, and 140m from the ground, and two sets of anemometers are installed at the 160m height (wherein the 10m height can be adjusted to 15m or 30m depending on the vegetation and micro-topography on site). In addition, one set of air temperature measuring instruments and one set of air pressure measuring instruments can be further installed at a height of 10m from the ground on the wind tower. Thus, more abundant categories of fixed measurement data of wind resources can be collected.

[0121] The following is an example of obtaining fixed measurement data of wind resources through instruments installed on a wind tower:

[0122] The wind speed sampling time interval is no more than 3 seconds (the NRG anemometer sampling time interval to be adopted is 2 seconds), and the average wind speed every 10 minutes, the standard deviation of wind speed every 10 minutes, the maximum wind speed within 10 minutes and the corresponding time and direction are automatically calculated and recorded. The wind speed unit is m / s. The wind direction sampling time interval is no more than 3 seconds (the NRG anemometer sampling time interval to be adopted is 72 seconds), and the average wind direction value every 10 minutes is automatically calculated and recorded. The wind direction unit is in degrees. Fixed wind resource measurement data can be automatically received through the Internet E-mail remotely and collected on-site in two ways. After data collection, it needs to be sorted and analyzed to check its rationality. If problems are found, staff are required to go to the site to check the instrument and troubleshoot in time.

[0123] S102: Determine a fixed measurement reference value of a target wind resource index in a reference area based on fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points.

[0124] Wind resource fixed measurement data can include various types of data such as latitude and longitude coordinates, wind speed, air density and elevation. In addition, data such as annual power generation and equivalent hours can be further calculated based on these data.

[0125] The following is a wind measurement parameter table combined with Table 2. The annual power generation is calculated based on wind speed and air density, and the equivalent hours are calculated based on the annual power generation divided by the rated power generation of the wind turbine per hour. Figure 3C 19 wind tower fixed points arranged as shown in the example.

[0126] Table 2

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] The target wind resource index is one of multiple types of wind resource indexes in the wind resource fixed measurement data. In one possible implementation, the target wind resource index is specifically wind speed. In addition, for example, annual power generation and equivalent hours can also be used as target wind resource indicators. The specific type of wind resource index is not limited here.

[0130] If the target wind resource index is wind speed, determining the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index in the reference area based on the fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points may include:

[0131] From the fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points, multiple fixed point measurement values ​​of wind speed are extracted, as shown in the wind speed column in Table 2. The median or average value of the multiple fixed point measurement values ​​of wind speed is obtained as the fixed measurement reference value of wind speed in the reference area.

[0132] Taking Table 2 as an example, the last row shows the average value of multiple fixed-point measurement values ​​of wind speed, which is 8.19 m / s. In other possible embodiments, the median of multiple fixed-point measurement values ​​can also be used as the fixed measurement reference value of the corresponding indicator. The fixed measurement reference value represents the average situation (also understood as the midstream situation) in the fixed measured data. Because this value does not involve extreme values, it is generally representative of the fixed measurement of the reference area, so it can be used as a benchmark reference for dynamic measurement data later.

[0133] Table 2 shows the wind speed, air density, and calculated annual power generation and equivalent hours measured at fixed points of wind towers at different longitudes and latitudes at specific elevations. The calculation of average wind power density should set the average value of hourly wind power density within a time period. In this way, in order to improve the measurement speed and accuracy of the measurement time period and save costs, a lightweight aluminum tube or rectangular array with 8 measuring points at different elevations (within the elevation range of 10m to 160m) can be set on the aircraft structure, so that the measurement time, speed and accuracy can be greatly improved. It should be noted that in actual applications, for a certain fixed point, its annual power generation can be calculated by accumulating its power generation in multiple time intervals. The following is combined with Table 3 to show the wind resource indicators of a fixed point A1 in multiple consecutive different time intervals.

[0134] Table 3

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] Combined with Table 3, we can see that in order to realize the calculation of power generation at a fixed point, the wind resource indicators such as wind speed and air density at the fixed point can be continuously measured for 24 hours, and the corresponding data for each hour can be obtained, including power generation and equivalent hours. Among them, the wind speed can be averaged, and 8.18m / s is calculated to represent the actual wind speed at the fixed point, and written into Table 2. The calculation of power generation in a certain hour depends on the following formula:

[0138]

[0139] In this formula, V represents wind speed, E represents power generation, P(V) is the power curve, and P(V) is a function of wind speed. cutin and cutout represent the cut-in wind speed and cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine, respectively. f(V) is the probability density function of wind speed, which is expressed by the following formula:

[0140]

[0141] In this formula, Represents the average wind speed, and the two parameters c and k are two parameters in the Weibull distribution. Weibull distribution is a probability model commonly used to describe the frequency distribution of wind speed. c is the scale parameter, which determines the central position and scale of the wind speed data and reflects the overall level of wind speed distribution. In Weibull distribution, a higher scale parameter value means that the distribution tends to have larger wind speed values. k is the shape parameter, which has a great influence on the shape of the Weibull distribution curve. It determines the frequency of occurrence of extreme values ​​in the data set and the sharpness of the distribution curve. When the k value is large, the distribution curve becomes sharp, which means that the variability of wind speed is large and the probability of extreme values ​​(such as high or low wind speed) increases. This usually indicates that the average wind speed changes less, but the fluctuation range of wind speed is large. When the k value is small, the distribution curve becomes flatter, indicating that the wind speed changes more evenly and there are fewer extreme values. This usually means that the average wind speed is large, but the fluctuation range of wind speed is relatively small.

[0142] According to 365 days a year, there are a total of 8760 hours. After calculating the power generation of one hour according to the above formula, multiplying it by the annual hours of 8760 will give an annual power generation of 24,663,900 kWh, which is recorded in the annual power generation of fixed point A1 in Table 2. The above only takes fixed point A1 as an example. In actual applications, the annual power generation of each fixed point can be calculated by referring to the above formula.

[0143] S103, controlling the mobile cruise device to perform multiple cruises in the reference area along multiple cruise paths, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise, and obtains multiple groups of wind resource dynamic measurement data in the reference area.

[0144] In the embodiment of the present application, it is proposed to realize dynamic measurement of wind resource index in the reference area by controlling the mobile cruise device to cruise in the reference area. The mobile cruise device can be a small aircraft, a drone, etc. The mobile cruise device is equipped with one or more sensors for collecting wind resource index data. Through these sensors, dynamic measurement data of wind resources can be collected, and then a suitable cruise path can be analyzed.

[0145] The aircraft can rotate 360 ​​degrees, allowing subsequent models to simulate the rotation of wind turbines. The wind in each direction can be measured more accurately and the appropriate direction of the wind turbine can be determined, thus realizing digital twins.

[0146] In an embodiment of the present application, the cruise device collects data along several different cruise paths in combination with multiple cruises at multiple fixed points. For example, three cruise paths are pre-set, namely the first cruise path, the second cruise path and the third cruise path, and three cruises are performed along these three cruise paths in the reference area to form the first set of wind resource dynamic measurement data, the second set of wind resource dynamic measurement data and the third set of wind resource dynamic measurement data. A set of wind resource dynamic measurement data corresponds to the cruise path adopted by a cruise in the reference area.

[0147] Every time a measuring point on the cruise path is reached, the cruise device can be controlled to move in the height direction to obtain dynamic measurement data of wind resources at different elevations of the same measuring point. Each cruise path includes multiple location points with the same longitude and latitude at different elevations, so that the mobile cruise device can collect data at multiple different elevations for location points with the same longitude and latitude during the cruise. The fixed measurement data of wind resources at each fixed point includes the fixed measurement data of wind resources at different elevations of the longitude and latitude indicated by the fixed point. It should be noted that for measuring points and fixed points of wind towers with similar locations, the elevations used can be the same or similar when performing dynamic measurements and fixed measurements, so that the data are comparable under the same or similar elevation conditions.

[0148] An example is provided below for dynamic measurement.

[0149] First, for the determined reference area and the pre-set measuring points, the cruise path is determined and the coordinates of each measuring point on the cruise path are input into the aircraft controller. In addition, the stay and flight time of each measuring point are determined according to the weather forecast and also input into the aircraft controller.

[0150] The aircraft consists of three functional parts: one is traction to generate horizontal force to move the measuring rod; the second is vertical lifting and lowering to control the height of the measuring point. The measuring point is pulled vertically to determine the height. After reaching the height, a command is issued and the spring action locks the height of the measuring point; the third is dynamic measurement. The aircraft has its own measuring point, and it takes off to a specific height and cruises at a fixed time.

[0151] As mentioned above, multiple cruises are carried out through multiple cruise paths. These cruise paths can be obtained through pre-set measurement point planning, or can be newly planned after comparing the dynamic measurement data formed after each cruise with the aforementioned fixed measurement data. The method of comparison will be specifically described in step S105, as detailed below. For example, through deep learning, a new cruise path is re-planned to measure wind resource data. For the elevation, 8 elevation points consistent with those in the fixed measurement are set within the range of 10m to 160m as measurement points to measure the wind speed and air density, which is conducive to comparing the dynamic measurement data with the fixed measurement data. The purpose of deep learning is to plan a cruise path for dynamic measurement that is closer to the data results of the fixed measurement.

[0152] S104. For each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data among multiple sets of wind resource dynamic measurement data, calculate the dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index respectively.

[0153] In order to compare the dynamic measurement data with the fixed measurement data, and then select the target cruise path subsequently, in the embodiments of the present application, it is proposed to calculate the dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index for each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data respectively. For example, according to the first set of wind resource dynamic measurement data, calculate the first dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index; according to the second set of wind resource dynamic measurement data, calculate the second dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index; according to the third set of wind resource dynamic measurement data, calculate the third dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index.

[0154] Taking the target wind resource index as wind speed as an example, when this step is specifically implemented, from each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data, extract the data set of the dynamic measurement values of the wind speed respectively; calculate the wind speed mean value for each data set of dynamic measurement values as the dynamic measurement reference value of the wind speed corresponding to this set of wind resource dynamic measurement data. Since the mean value of the wind speed can reflect the overall average situation of this set of wind resource dynamic measurement data, it can be used as the dynamic measurement reference value of the wind speed to compare with the fixed measurement reference value. In practical applications, combined with the dynamic measurement data and static measurement data to be compared, data with equivalent elevation can be selected for comparison. For example, select the dynamic measurement reference value of the wind speed and the fixed measurement reference value of the wind speed with an elevation of about 50m from the ground for matching comparison and determination.

[0155] S105. Based on the matching degree between the multiple dynamic measurement reference values of the target wind resource index calculated and the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index, determine a target cruise path from multiple cruise paths.

[0156] In a possible implementation of this step, the absolute values ​​of the differences between multiple dynamic measurement reference values ​​and fixed measurement reference values ​​of the target wind resource index are calculated respectively. The multiple dynamic measurement reference values ​​come from multiple different cruise paths. It can be understood that the smaller the absolute value of the difference, the smaller the difference between the two compared with each other. Based on the correspondence between the dynamic measurement data of wind resources and the cruise path, the cruise path corresponding to the dynamic measurement reference value with the smallest absolute value of the difference with the fixed measurement reference value is determined as the target cruise path.

[0157] S106. Construct a cruise path in the non-reference area within the area to be built of the wind farm based on the target cruise path, and control the mobile cruise device to cruise in the non-reference area based on the constructed cruise path, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise and obtains dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area.

[0158] Since the dynamic measurement data obtained by collecting wind resources on the target cruise path has the highest matching with the data of fixed measurement of the wind tower, the specific form of the path can also be reused in the dynamic measurement of data in the non-reference area. For example, if the target cruise path is an "S"-shaped path, the "S"-shaped path cruise is also used in the non-reference area; if the target cruise path is a "T"-shaped path, the "T"-shaped path cruise is also used in the non-reference area. This operation can reduce the setting of wind towers, and with the help of low-cost aircraft or drones, the investment and construction costs of large-scale wind towers can be replaced to achieve accurate measurement. In addition, various cruise paths can be calculated and planned based on deep learning, driven by data, to achieve efficient use of fixed measurement data and dynamic measurement data in the reference area. The formed data assets assist in data matching comparison, path planning, and screening of target cruise paths, providing strong data support for the selection of wind turbine locations, reducing the cost of manual calculation and the difficulty of path planning, and at the same time improving the accuracy and effectiveness of wind turbine location selection.

[0159] S107. Based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area, by analyzing wind power output, wind power cost and electricity charges of the power grid, multiple wind turbine locations to be built are determined in the area to be built of the wind farm.

[0160] In the embodiment of the present application, the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area may be comprehensively considered. Since the fixed measurement data of wind resources in the reference area is relatively matched with the dynamic measurement data of wind resources collected with the target cruise path, the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area here may specifically refer to the dynamic measurement data of wind resources collected with the target cruise path. Alternatively, this step may also be understood as determining multiple wind turbine locations to be built in the area to be built of the wind farm based on the fixed measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area by analyzing wind power output, wind power cost electricity charges and grid electricity charges.

[0161] In a possible implementation, in combination with Table 2, both the wind resource fixed measurement data and the wind resource dynamic measurement data may include the following types of wind resource indicators: longitude and latitude coordinates, wind speed, air density, and altitude.

[0162] The implementation process of this step may specifically include:

[0163] Based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area, multiple sets of wind turbine site construction plans are generated; the wind turbine site construction plans include: the latitude and longitude coordinates, elevation and annual power generation of multiple wind turbines to be built; wherein the annual power generation is calculated based on wind speed and air density. In one possible example, there may be some identical wind turbine sites between each set of wind turbine site construction plans. In another possible example, in each set of wind turbine site construction plans, there are differences in the elevation of the wind turbines. For example, in the first set of plans, the wind turbine elevations are all 150m, in the second set of plans, the wind turbine elevations are all 50m, and in the third set of plans, the wind turbine elevations are not uniform. The elevation referred to here refers to the elevation relative to the ground. In the data shown in Table 2, the elevation is the elevation above sea level (i.e., the absolute elevation), so the elevation value exceeds 500m.

[0164] Based on the annual power generation, wind power cost and grid electricity charges, the feasibility of multiple wind turbine site construction plans is analyzed; finally, multiple wind turbine sites to be built are determined based on the most feasible wind turbine site construction plan. For example, after the feasibility analysis, it is determined that the second wind turbine site construction plan is the most feasible, then the latitude and longitude coordinates, elevation and other information of the multiple wind turbines to be built contained in the second wind turbine site construction plan are extracted as the information of the wind turbine site to be built, for reference and use in the subsequent construction of wind turbines.

[0165] In combination with S101 to S107, in the technical solution of the present application, fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points in the reference area are obtained through a wind tower, and based on this, a fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index in the reference area can be obtained. In addition, multiple groups of dynamic measurement data of wind resources are obtained by collecting data through multiple cruises in the reference area using multiple cruise paths by the cruise equipment, and the dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index is calculated. Based on the matching of the dynamic measurement reference value and the fixed measurement reference value, the target cruise path is determined from the multiple cruise paths, and then a cruise path in the non-reference area is constructed according to the target cruise path, and the cruise equipment is ordered to collect data along this path to obtain dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area. Finally, based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the non-reference area, by analyzing the wind power output, wind power cost electricity fee and grid electricity fee, multiple wind turbine locations to be built in the area to be built of the wind farm are determined.

[0166] In this scheme, the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index determined in the reference area is used as a reference, and the matching comparison is performed in combination with the data collected by the actual dynamic cruise, so as to realize the screening of the cruise path. And based on the selected target cruise path, the cruise and data collection in the non-reference area are realized. This method does not need to set up wind towers throughout the area to be built in the wind farm, but only sets up wind towers in a limited reference area: the dynamic measurement method in the reference area is used as an example and promoted to the non-reference area, and the effective reuse of the cruise path is realized, so as to realize the selection of wind turbine points in the entire wind farm to be built area. It can be seen that the technical scheme of the present application can reduce the number of wind towers to be built, reduce the measurement investment cost, and improve the utility of the measurement data. With the help of the fixed point measurement of a limited number of wind towers and the dynamic measurement of data by movable cruise equipment, the selection of wind turbine points can be easily realized. Since the target cruise path is determined after analyzing the matching of the dynamic measurement reference value and the fixed measurement reference value, the accuracy of the wind turbine point finally selected can be guaranteed, which is conducive to the development of power production in the wind power scene.

[0167] Figure 4 A flow chart of another method for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4In the process, starting from the area where the wind farm is to be built, the basic information such as basic elevation, wind speed, air density and special areas are determined. By understanding the above information of the area where the wind farm is to be built, it can be used as a data basis to facilitate the subsequent selection of fixed measuring points and dynamic measuring points, as well as the selection of wind turbines and the selection of wind turbine locations. For the wind farm to be built, it is also necessary to determine its expected power generation scale, such as large-scale or small-scale. For small-scale wind farms, a small number of wind towers can be deployed, and fixed measurements can be performed at a small number of measuring points. For large-scale wind farms, a reference area can be demarcated after setting up sub-areas, and multiple wind towers can be set up in the reference area for fixed measurements. And the aircraft flies based on the cruise path and realizes dynamic data collection of multiple measuring points. Based on the digital data model and deep learning, the cruise path is adjusted to match the measured data with the data measured by the fixed measuring point with the help of the wind tower, so that the target cruise path has matching (referring to the mutual matching of dynamic and fixed measurements) and representativeness relative to the fixed measurement method.

[0168] Afterwards, by using the target cruise path, dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and non-reference area of ​​the entire wind farm to be built can be obtained. Based on this, multiple sets of wind turbine location investment and construction plans can be formed. By combining data such as the annual power generation of each wind turbine location, or even the annual power generation of the entire wind farm, cost estimation can be achieved. Through digital data models and digital analysis of the above data based on the model, as well as digital analysis of the equipment, several measurement points with the highest feasibility can be determined as the selected wind turbine locations. After selection, it can be measured again, combined with the wind turbine type, measurement strategy and wind turbine elevation, to achieve the final determination of the wind turbine location. And, accordingly, the feasibility analysis results of the plan can be provided.

[0169] In this application, a data model is adopted, and cruise and dynamic measurement of wind resources are carried out by installing different heights, which improves the certainty of the measured wind resource data and further improves the certainty of the selection of wind turbine locations. In turn, it affects the wind turbine locations selected in the entire wind farm to be built area. The data model is adopted to digitize the relationship between data such as wind turbine height, cost, annual power generation, annual cash flow, and internal rate of return (IRR) of wind farm construction projects, so as to facilitate wind turbine selection. The material and installation costs of wind towers are reduced, and digital large-scale calculations of wind speed, air density, altitude, etc. at each elevation measurement point are used to obtain the annual power generation, annual utilization hours, etc. of each measurement point. A beneficial cruise scheme (target cruise path) is used to ensure that the temporal discontinuity of the aircraft measurement does not affect the measurement certainty, and a corresponding fixed wind tower is used to measure wind at multiple points in space.

[0170] Corresponding to the different wind speeds at different heights, the data model calculation method is used to selectively determine the heights of each wind tower at the wind measurement point in the reference area, so as to select the height with wind speed distribution and maximum wind speed. For manufacturers, it is not full-scale production, but a digital "one machine, one policy" small-batch production is implemented, and then the measurement point of the corresponding wind turbine is set according to the power generation and height characteristics of the next year of the obtained wind speed distribution. For wind farms, it is no longer neatly installed wind turbines, but the maximum power generation and the optimal economic cost are measured according to the digital measurement after measurement. The wind turbines of different heights selected after digital association are fully reflected, so as to digitally grasp the wind resources of the wind outlet and special geographical environment, and increase the certainty of maximizing wind energy at the wind turbine measurement point.

[0171] Conventional methods only focus on annual power generation, and do not reflect the inherent digital logic of selecting wind turbine height and cost, annual power generation, annual cash flow, and project rate of return IRR. The technical solution of this application reflects the relationship between the above-mentioned quantities related to cost through a dynamic data model, so that a digital model can be constructed between site selection, equipment selection, cost and benefits. Site selection determines the basic wind speed and cost, annual power generation in the wind measurement area, and thus affects the power generation income. The final cash flow and IRR are not only related to the above-mentioned single factors. For example, IRR is not only related to annual power generation, but also to the elevation selected for wind measurement, and then to the type and height of the wind turbine. In addition, equipment depreciation is also related to equipment selection and cost (the equipment cost is high but the equipment depreciation period is long. The relevant factors such as the elevation and wind speed of each measuring point are comprehensively brought into consideration to obtain the final IRR as a judgment).

[0172] Combined with the feasibility analysis and comparison requirements of multiple wind turbine location investment and construction plans, the following formula is proposed for analysis and comparison:

[0173] Formula 1: Cash flow in each year = income in each year - expenditure in each year = electricity value in each year * (electricity price in each year - LCOE) = electricity value in each year * electricity price in each year - operating and equipment costs in each year - capital in each year - interest in each year - taxes in each year;

[0174] Formula 2: LCOE = cost NPV / output power NPV;

[0175] Formula 3: Annual operating and equipment cost value = operating cost * depreciation rate;

[0176] Formula 4: Annual electricity cost = LCOE*annual power generation;

[0177] Formula 5: Annual income electricity fee = annual electricity price contract electricity fee * annual power generation

[0178] Among them, the income electricity fee can be understood as the power grid electricity fee. The income electricity fee is from the perspective of revenue for the power plant, while the cost electricity fee is from the perspective of expenditure for the power plant.

[0179] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of realizing the selection of wind turbine sites in a wind farm based on deep learning and reinforcement learning. In the embodiment of the present application, historical surrounding wind resource meteorological data is innovatively used to establish data features, large sample deep learning, and small sample statistical methods (normalization, median) are introduced into the model operator. The continuous time measurement method is replaced by discrete time, and deep learning is used to approximate it, so that the measurement is more flexible and the cost is lower, so that large-scale measurement points and areas where wind towers are difficult to erect (100 meters high) can also be applied. The 10-100 meter measurement measures the wind speed and air density at different continuous elevations to determine the height of the center of the wind turbine. Although it is discontinuous in time, it is continuous in space due to the change in height, and can be applied to measurements in specific environments. For example, based on the air density, it is selected to build a wind turbine on the mountain or at the foot of the mountain, and based on the wind speed difference and cost, it is selected to build a wind turbine at an altitude of 100 meters or 120 meters. For large areas with complex environments, this method has obvious characteristics and advantages.

[0180] In this application, historical surrounding wind resource meteorological data can be innovatively used; data collection and calibration, reinforcement learning calibration data; model operator construction and scheme determination, deep learning to achieve hierarchical expression of data. By calculating the loss function and calculating parameters under different schemes to update and correct the parameters and values ​​in the model operator, a better measurement scheme can be obtained, making the scheme non-fixed, and obtaining the best scheme from deep learning.

[0181] The process and significance of two deep learnings:

[0182] For projects with lower cost requirements, deep learning is directly used to establish two wind measurement points. Other wind measurement points are completed by this cruise method, which ensures that the data at the project site is compared with the data of the above two wind measurement points and deep learning. At the same time, it ensures that the wind measurement data of points such as wind outlets can be compared horizontally with other point data, which is convenient for finding wind measurement data of points such as wind outlets and calculating wind energy through data association. For large-scale projects, 20 assumed partitions are selected, one of which is selected, and the method of this case is used as a reference area. The dynamic measurement data of wind resources is collected by the aircraft for cruise, and compared with the fixed measurement data to determine the matching, and then the target cruise path is selected. Through deep learning, the measured data from 10m to 160m can be made to correspond to the fixed wind measurement device, and the path, elevation, and wind speed data can be obtained to train the fixed wind measurement point data. The multivariable function corresponds to the electricity fee function, and the wind turbine is selected according to the height that is most conducive to power generation. Due to the wind outlet and geographical location, the measurement function is continuously corrected by deep learning analysis data in order to obtain the best wind turbine location.

[0183] For the significance of multiple variables, since air density, wind speed, and elevation are multiple variables, the final electricity cost benefit obtained by substituting them into the electricity cost function is shown in Figure 5 .

[0184] Create reference data samples, and reduce the uncertainty of wind energy by setting fixed area wind towers. Data feature extraction, using different methods for small sample and large sample data. Use data benchmarking to calibrate data, weight sharing to transfer data, and then compare the measured data with the control production factor sample after operator calculation through reinforcement learning to achieve data cleaning. Establish model operators such as wind energy density E operator and wind energy P operator, and use F operator such as electricity cost function so that the operator output electricity cost can be called by other intelligent agents. Calculate the loss function through deep learning, calculate parameter updates, and feedback model operators, so that the cruise, path, elevation and other schemes change, which ultimately affects the measured data, so that the measured data is close to or has the optimal scheme with the fixed measurement point data. Finally, because the environment in the same area, such as air density, elevation, and wind speed, is roughly the same, and the environmental parameters of a few areas are different, the best wind speed point is found in a targeted manner, so that this method can avoid the uncertainty of wind speed measurement and increase its function of finding the optimal wind turbine construction point. Through the transmission of various parameters in digital electricity, the final electricity bill can dynamically reflect the data association of digital electricity.

[0185] The wind power output formula is as follows:

[0186] E (wind energy density) = (1 / 2) * ρ * V^3 (unit: W / m2)

[0187] It can be seen that the wind energy density is proportional to the cube of the average wind speed V.

[0188] P(wind energy)=E*A*Cp

[0189] Among them, E represents wind energy density, A represents wind rotor area = PI*R^2, R is the wind rotor radius, and Cp represents wind rotor efficiency. According to Bets theory, the maximum theoretical value is 0.593. Combined with the calculation formula of E, E is proportional to the cube of wind speed and proportional to air density, while the height of the wind turbine determines the size of the air density (variable), and the swept area and wind turbine selection determine the investment cost and the wind turbine output obtained. The above formula can roughly calculate the wind power output. In a specific area, the selection of different wind measurement points determines the different outputs in digital electricity. Data assets play a key role in technology and economy.

[0190] As shown in Table 3 above, for the data research of fixed coordinates and elevations in time periods, further to grasp the wind resource characteristics of each point in the region, such as the wind resource characteristics of the wind outlet or special terrain area, corresponding optimization and arrangement of the direction and position array of the wind turbine, such as: the "T" array corresponding to the wind outlet. Based on the study of two parameters in the Weibull distribution of wind resources (shape parameter k and scale parameter c), deep learning and reinforcement learning (such as Figure 5 ) can make more specific comparisons and calculations of various parameters, which is conducive to using data from more abstract hierarchical layers to discover more abstract wind resource characteristics.

[0191] Furthermore, the improvement point that needs to be further expanded is to make the above model more specific. The wind turbine obtains the curve of the output power of each wind speed corresponding to the unit in the cut-in wind speed and cut-out wind speed range. It determines the power characteristics and operating characteristics of the wind turbine generator set and is one of the important factors in calculating the power generation of the unit. Its main influencing factors are multifaceted. According to the formation conditions, the power curve can be divided into the wind measurement power curve and the actual operation power line. Due to the inconsistency of wind resource conditions in various actual wind farms, the theoretical power curve of the wind farm is used to calculate the power generation. The static power curve is the unit output characteristic curve calculated under steady-state calculation conditions. It does not consider the influence of wind turbulence, inflow angle, wind speed shear, instantaneous wind speed fluctuation, wind deviation, wake, unit turbulence control and other factors, which reflects the steady-state performance of the unit. The dynamic power curve is the relationship between the power and wind speed curve of the wind turbine. Unlike the static power curve, its input conditions include the change of wind speed over time and space, which can better reflect the dynamic process of the wind turbine in the actual wind farm operation and show power characteristics. Therefore, the advantages of this case in dynamic space can be used to design a measuring point device that can better reflect the actual operation of the wind turbine, and can more specifically consider more physical quantities that affect the power generation of the wind turbine, and then digitally twin a more appropriate measuring point device, while reducing costs and making it controllable.

[0192] Based on the method for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm introduced in the aforementioned embodiment, accordingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a device for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm. Figure 6 The following is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind turbine point selection device in the wind farm. Figure 6 As shown, the device includes: a fixed data acquisition module 601, a fixed measurement reference value determination module 602, a cruise control module 603, a dynamic measurement reference value calculation module 604, a path determination module 605, and a wind turbine point determination module 606 to be built.

[0193] A fixed data acquisition module is used to obtain fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points through multiple wind measurement towers set in a reference area within the area to be built in the wind farm;

[0194] A fixed measurement reference value determination module, used to determine a fixed measurement reference value of a target wind resource index in the reference area based on fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points; the target wind resource index is one of multiple types of wind resource indexes in the fixed measurement data of wind resources;

[0195] A cruise control module, used for controlling a mobile cruise device to perform multiple cruises in the reference area along multiple cruise paths, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise, and obtains multiple groups of wind resource dynamic measurement data of the reference area; the mobile cruise device is equipped with one or more sensors for collecting wind resource index data; a group of wind resource dynamic measurement data corresponds to a cruise path adopted by a cruise in the reference area;

[0196] A dynamic measurement reference value calculation module, used to calculate the dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index for each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data in the multiple sets of wind resource dynamic measurement data;

[0197] a path determination module, configured to determine a target cruising path from the plurality of cruising paths based on the calculated matching of the plurality of dynamic measurement reference values ​​of the target wind resource index and the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index;

[0198] The cruise control module is further used to construct a cruise path in a non-reference area in the area to be built of the wind farm according to the target cruise path, and control the mobile cruise device to cruise in the non-reference area based on the constructed cruise path, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise and obtains dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area;

[0199] The module for determining the locations of wind turbines to be built is used to determine the locations of multiple wind turbines to be built in the area to be built of the wind farm based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area, by analyzing wind power output, wind power cost electricity charges and grid electricity charges.

[0200] In an optional implementation, the wind turbine point selection device of the wind farm further includes:

[0201] A power generation scale determination module, used to determine the expected wind power generation scale in the area where the wind farm is to be built;

[0202] A geographical environment feature determination module, used to determine the geographical environment features of the area where the wind farm is to be built;

[0203] The area division and arrangement scheme generation module is used to delineate reference areas and non-reference areas in the area to be built of the wind farm according to the expected wind power generation scale and the geographical environment characteristics, and generate a fixed point arrangement scheme for wind towers in the reference area.

[0204] In an optional implementation, the region division and arrangement scheme generation module is specifically used to:

[0205] If the expected wind power generation scale is the first level scale, the number of fixed points of wind towers is set based on the expected wind power generation scale, and the location information of the fixed points of wind towers is set based on the number and the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm; based on the location information, the land area where the fixed points of wind towers are located in the area to be built of the wind farm is taken as a reference area, and the rest of the area is taken as a non-reference area;

[0206] If the expected wind power generation scale is of the second level scale, the area to be built of the wind farm is demarcated into multiple subareas based on the expected wind power generation scale; the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to each subarea is determined based on the expected wind power generation scale and the number of subareas; based on the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm, one or multiple subareas are selected as reference areas, and the connected areas of the remaining subareas are used as non-reference areas; the number of fixed points of wind towers is set based on the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to the reference area; a layout plan of fixed points of wind towers is generated according to the geographical environment characteristics of the reference area; the second level scale is larger than the first level scale.

[0207] In an optional implementation, the region division and arrangement scheme generation module is specifically used to:

[0208] If the geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built indicate that the area where the wind farm is to be built includes a special area, a fixed point of a wind tower is preferentially set in the special area;

[0209] The selecting one or more subareas as reference areas based on the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm includes: if the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm indicate that the area to be built of the wind farm contains a special area, then preferentially selecting a subarea that overlaps with the special area as the reference area.

[0210] In an optional implementation, the special area is at least one of the following types of areas:

[0211] Wind vents, areas where the terrain elevation changes suddenly, and areas where the air density changes suddenly.

[0212] In an optional implementation, the power generation scale determination module is specifically used to:

[0213] Obtaining the wind power capacity expected to be installed in the area where the wind farm is to be built;

[0214] Based on the mapping relationship between the range of wind power capacity and the scale of wind power generation, the expected scale of wind power generation in the area where the wind farm is to be built is determined.

[0215] In an optional implementation, the path determination module is specifically used to:

[0216] respectively calculating the absolute values ​​of the differences between a plurality of dynamic measurement reference values ​​of the target wind resource index and the fixed measurement reference value;

[0217] Based on the correspondence between the dynamic measurement data of wind resources and the cruise path, the cruise path corresponding to a dynamic measurement reference value having the smallest absolute value of the difference with the fixed measurement reference value is determined as the target cruise path.

[0218] In an optional implementation, each cruise path includes multiple position points at different altitudes with the same longitude and latitude, so that the mobile cruise device collects data at multiple different altitudes for the position points at the same longitude and latitude during the cruise;

[0219] The wind resource fixed measurement data of each fixed point includes the wind resource fixed measurement data of different altitudes of the longitude and latitude indicated by the fixed point.

[0220] In an optional implementation, the target wind resource indicator is wind speed;

[0221] The fixed measurement reference value determination module is specifically used to: extract multiple fixed-point measurement values ​​of wind speed from the fixed measurement data of wind resources at the multiple fixed points; and obtain the median or average value of the multiple fixed-point measurement values ​​of wind speed as the fixed measurement reference value of wind speed in the reference area.

[0222] In an optional implementation, the dynamic measurement reference value calculation module is specifically used to: extract the dynamic measurement value data sets of wind speed from each group of wind resource dynamic measurement data; calculate the wind speed mean for each dynamic measurement value data set as the dynamic measurement reference value of the wind speed corresponding to the group of wind resource dynamic measurement data.

[0223] In an optional implementation, the wind resource fixed measurement data and the wind resource dynamic measurement data both include the following types of wind resource indicators:

[0224] Latitude and longitude coordinates, wind speed, air density, and elevation;

[0225] The module for determining the location of wind turbines to be built is specifically used for:

[0226] Based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area, a plurality of wind turbine location construction plans are generated; the wind turbine location construction plans include: the latitude and longitude coordinates, elevation and annual power generation of a plurality of wind turbines to be constructed; wherein the annual power generation is calculated based on wind speed and air density;

[0227] Based on the annual power generation, wind power cost and grid electricity charges, the feasibility of the multiple wind turbine site construction plans is analyzed; and multiple wind turbine sites to be built are determined based on the most feasible wind turbine site construction plan.

[0228] It should be noted that each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. The device embodiment described above is merely schematic, in which the unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically separated, and the component prompted as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or it may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative work.

[0229] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for selecting wind turbine locations in a wind farm, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points through multiple wind towers set up in a reference area within the area to be built of the wind farm; Based on the fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points, a fixed measurement reference value of a target wind resource index in the reference area is determined; the target wind resource index is one of multiple types of wind resource indexes in the fixed measurement data of wind resources; The mobile cruise device is controlled to cruise multiple times in the reference area along multiple cruise paths, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise, and obtains multiple groups of wind resource dynamic measurement data of the reference area; the mobile cruise device is equipped with one or more sensors for collecting wind resource index data; a group of wind resource dynamic measurement data corresponds to a cruise path adopted by a cruise in the reference area; For each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data in the multiple sets of wind resource dynamic measurement data, respectively calculate a dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index; Determining a target cruise path from the multiple cruise paths based on the calculated matching of the multiple dynamic measurement reference values ​​of the target wind resource index and the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index; Constructing a cruise path for a non-reference area in the area to be built of the wind farm according to the target cruise path, and controlling the mobile cruise device to cruise in the non-reference area based on the constructed cruise path, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise and obtains dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area; Based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area, multiple wind turbine locations to be built are determined in the area to be built of the wind farm by analyzing wind power output, wind power cost and grid electricity charges.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Determine the expected wind power generation scale and geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built; According to the expected wind power generation scale and the geographical environment characteristics, a reference area and a non-reference area are delineated in the area where the wind farm is to be built, and a fixed-point arrangement plan of wind towers in the reference area is generated.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of demarcating a reference area and a non-reference area in the area to be built of the wind farm according to the expected wind power generation scale and the geographical environment characteristics, and generating a fixed point arrangement plan of wind towers in the reference area includes: If the expected wind power generation scale is the first level scale, the number of fixed points of wind towers is set based on the expected wind power generation scale, and the location information of the fixed points of wind towers is set based on the number and the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm; based on the location information, the land area where the fixed points of wind towers are located in the area to be built of the wind farm is taken as a reference area, and the rest of the area is taken as a non-reference area; If the expected wind power generation scale is of the second level scale, the area to be built of the wind farm is demarcated into multiple subareas based on the expected wind power generation scale; the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to each subarea is determined based on the expected wind power generation scale and the number of subareas; based on the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm, one or multiple subareas are selected as reference areas, and the connected areas of the remaining subareas are used as non-reference areas; the number of fixed points of wind towers is set based on the expected wind power generation scale corresponding to the reference area; a layout plan of fixed points of wind towers is generated according to the geographical environment characteristics of the reference area; the second level scale is larger than the first level scale.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The step of setting the location information of the fixed points of the wind tower based on the number and the geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built includes: If the geographical environment characteristics of the area where the wind farm is to be built indicate that the area where the wind farm is to be built includes a special area, a fixed point of a wind tower is preferentially set in the special area; The selecting one or more subareas as reference areas based on the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm includes: if the geographical environment characteristics of the area to be built of the wind farm indicate that the area to be built of the wind farm contains a special area, then preferentially selecting a subarea that overlaps with the special area as the reference area.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The special area is at least one of the following types of areas: Wind vents, areas where the terrain elevation changes suddenly, and areas where the air density changes suddenly.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Determining the expected wind power generation scale in the area where the wind farm is to be built includes: Obtaining the wind power capacity expected to be installed in the area where the wind farm is to be built; Based on the mapping relationship between the range of wind power capacity and the scale of wind power generation, the expected scale of wind power generation in the area where the wind farm is to be built is determined.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining a target cruise path from the multiple cruise paths based on the matching of the calculated multiple dynamic measurement reference values ​​of the target wind resource index and the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index comprises: respectively calculating the absolute values ​​of the differences between a plurality of dynamic measurement reference values ​​of the target wind resource index and the fixed measurement reference value; Based on the correspondence between the dynamic measurement data of wind resources and the cruise path, the cruise path corresponding to a dynamic measurement reference value having the smallest absolute value of the difference with the fixed measurement reference value is determined as the target cruise path.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Each cruise path includes a plurality of position points at different altitudes with the same longitude and latitude, so that the mobile cruise device collects data at a plurality of different altitudes for the position points at the same longitude and latitude during the cruise; The wind resource fixed measurement data of each fixed point includes the wind resource fixed measurement data of different altitudes of the longitude and latitude indicated by the fixed point.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The target wind resource index is wind speed; Determining the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index in the reference area based on the fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points includes: Extracting multiple fixed-point measurement values ​​of wind speed from the multiple fixed-point wind resource fixed measurement data; The median or average value of the wind speed measurement values ​​at multiple fixed points is obtained as the fixed measurement reference value of the wind speed in the reference area.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The step of calculating the dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index for each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data in the multiple sets of wind resource dynamic measurement data includes: Extracting the dynamic measurement value data set of wind speed from each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data; The wind speed mean is calculated for each dynamic measurement value data set as a dynamic measurement reference value of the wind speed corresponding to the set of wind resource dynamic measurement data.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind resource fixed measurement data and the wind resource dynamic measurement data both include the following types of wind resource indicators: Latitude and longitude coordinates, wind speed, air density, and elevation; The method of determining a plurality of wind turbine locations to be built in the wind farm to be built area by analyzing the wind power output, wind power cost and power grid electricity charges based on the wind resource dynamic measurement data of the reference area and the wind resource dynamic measurement data of the non-reference area specifically includes: Based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area, a plurality of wind turbine location construction plans are generated; the wind turbine location construction plans include: the latitude and longitude coordinates, elevation and annual power generation of a plurality of wind turbines to be constructed; wherein the annual power generation is calculated based on wind speed and air density; Based on the annual power generation, wind power cost and grid electricity charges, the feasibility of the multiple wind turbine site construction plans is analyzed; and multiple wind turbine sites to be built are determined based on the most feasible wind turbine site construction plan.

12. A device for selecting wind turbine positions in a wind farm, characterized in that: The device comprises: A fixed data acquisition module is used to obtain fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points through multiple wind measurement towers set in a reference area within the area to be built in the wind farm; A fixed measurement reference value determination module, used to determine a fixed measurement reference value of a target wind resource index in the reference area based on fixed measurement data of wind resources at multiple fixed points; the target wind resource index is one of multiple types of wind resource indexes in the fixed measurement data of wind resources; A cruise control module, used for controlling a mobile cruise device to perform multiple cruises in the reference area along multiple cruise paths, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise, and obtains multiple groups of wind resource dynamic measurement data of the reference area; the mobile cruise device is equipped with one or more sensors for collecting wind resource index data; a group of wind resource dynamic measurement data corresponds to a cruise path adopted by a cruise in the reference area; A dynamic measurement reference value calculation module, used to calculate the dynamic measurement reference value of the target wind resource index for each set of wind resource dynamic measurement data in the multiple sets of wind resource dynamic measurement data; a path determination module, configured to determine a target cruising path from the plurality of cruising paths based on the calculated matching of the plurality of dynamic measurement reference values ​​of the target wind resource index and the fixed measurement reference value of the target wind resource index; The cruise control module is further used to construct a cruise path in a non-reference area in the area to be built of the wind farm according to the target cruise path, and control the mobile cruise device to cruise in the non-reference area based on the constructed cruise path, so that the mobile cruise device collects data during the cruise and obtains dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area; The module for determining the locations of wind turbines to be built is used to determine the locations of multiple wind turbines to be built in the area to be built of the wind farm based on the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the reference area and the dynamic measurement data of wind resources in the non-reference area, by analyzing wind power output, wind power cost electricity charges and grid electricity charges.

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