Miniaturized indoor antenna

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and provides a miniaturized indoor antenna. The miniaturized indoor antenna includes a ground plate, a high dielectric constant medium, a radiation patch and a coupling patch which are stacked in sequence. The coupling patch includes a first coupling patch and a second coupling patch, the center of the first coupling patch corresponds to the center of the radiation patch, and the second coupling patch is spaced apart from the first coupling patch. It also includes a first probe and a second probe, one end of the first probe is connected to the first feeding port, and the other end passes through the ground plate, the high dielectric constant medium and the radiation patch in sequence to be electrically contacted with the first coupling patch, and one end of the second probe is connected to the second feeding port, and the other end passes through the ground plate, the high dielectric constant medium and the radiation patch in sequence to be electrically contacted with the second coupling patch. The miniaturized indoor antenna of the present application can realize directional and omnidirectional radiation switching within a wide bandwidth, has the advantages of miniaturization, wide bandwidth, easy processing and integration, and can be used in a variety of communication application scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a miniaturized indoor antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of data transmission rate and the growing demand of users, antenna design needs to have efficient channel capacity and excellent reliability to effectively deal with multipath fading effects. Therefore, the development of antennas that support multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with polarization and pattern diversity capabilities to maximize the reception of signals from multiple directions is the key to current technological development.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used method includes combining the slot antenna with the monopole antenna to achieve switching between directional radiation of horizontal linear polarization and omnidirectional radiation of vertical linear polarization. However, this design usually leads to a higher antenna profile (about 0.25λ0), which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the device. In addition, although the design of the disk-loaded monopole antenna combined with the slot-coupled ring patch can reduce the antenna height, it requires the use of a complex three-layer dielectric board, which increases the manufacturing cost and structural complexity.

[0004] Patch antennas have become a popular choice in wireless communication systems due to their simple structure, small size, light weight, and easy integration. However, their narrow-band characteristics limit their application in rapidly developing mobile communication systems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a miniaturized indoor antenna, which realizes switching between directional and omnidirectional radiation within a wide bandwidth. It has the advantages of miniaturization, wide bandwidth, easy processing and integration, and can be applied to a variety of communication application scenarios.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present application provides a miniaturized room antenna, comprising: a ground plane; a high dielectric constant medium, which is attached to the upper surface of the ground plane; a radiation patch, which is attached to the upper surface of the high dielectric constant medium; a coupling patch, which is arranged on the high dielectric constant medium and is electrically isolated from the radiation patch; the coupling patch comprises a first coupling patch and a second coupling patch, wherein the center of the first coupling patch corresponds to the center of the radiation patch, and the second coupling patch is arranged at an interval from the first coupling patch; a probe, wherein the probe comprises a first probe and a second probe, wherein one end of the first probe is connected to the first feeding port, and the other end passes through the ground plane, the high dielectric constant medium and the radiation patch in sequence to be electrically in contact with the first coupling patch, and one end of the second probe is connected to the second feeding port, and the other end passes through the ground plane, the high dielectric constant medium and the radiation patch in sequence to be electrically in contact with the second coupling patch.

[0008] In a possible implementation manner, the coupling patch further includes a third coupling patch, and the third coupling patch and the second coupling patch are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the first coupling patch;

[0009] The probe further includes a third probe, one end of which is connected to the third feeding port, and the other end of which is in electrical contact with the third coupling patch.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, a first central hole is opened at the center of the radiation patch, and a diameter of the first coupling patch is smaller than an aperture of the first central hole.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the distance between the first probe and the second probe is smaller than the radius of the high dielectric constant medium.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the cross-sectional area of ​​the high dielectric constant medium is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the radiation patch, and the ground plane, the radiation patch, and the high dielectric constant medium together form an air layer.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, the method further includes: a dielectric substrate attached to the upper surface of the radiation patch; and a coupling patch attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the dielectric substrate completely covers the radiation patch.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the probe passes through the high dielectric constant medium, the radiation patch, and the dielectric substrate in a non-contact manner.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the ground plane, the high dielectric constant medium, the radiation patch, and the dielectric substrate are coaxially arranged.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the high dielectric constant medium includes at least one of glass, ceramic, and a polymer-based composite material.

[0018] The miniaturized indoor antenna provided by the present application includes a ground plate, a high dielectric constant medium, a radiation patch, a coupling patch and a probe. Among them, the ground plate can provide the necessary electrical grounding and mechanical support for the miniaturized indoor antenna. The high dielectric constant medium is attached to the upper surface of the ground plate, which can increase the effective dielectric constant of the miniaturized indoor antenna and reduce the resonant frequency, thereby realizing a miniaturized design. The radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the high dielectric constant medium, which can convert the radio frequency signal transmitted by the feed line into an electromagnetic wave and radiate it into space. The coupling patch is arranged on the high dielectric constant medium and is electrically isolated from the radiation patch. The coupling patch includes a first coupling patch and a second coupling patch, wherein the center of the first coupling patch corresponds to the center of the radiation patch, and the second coupling patch is arranged at intervals from the first coupling patch. The probe includes a first probe and a second probe, wherein one end of the first probe is connected to the first feeding port, and the other end passes through the ground plate, the high dielectric constant medium and the radiation patch in sequence to electrically contact the first coupling patch. One end of the second probe is connected to the second feeding port, and the other end passes through the ground plate, the high dielectric constant medium and the radiation patch in sequence to make electrical contact with the second coupling patch. In this way, the radiation patch can be stimulated to achieve stable vertical linear polarization omnidirectional radiation by the feeding method of connecting the first probe to the first coupling patch, and the radiation patch can be stimulated to achieve horizontal linear polarization directional radiation by the feeding method of connecting the second probe to the second coupling patch. Thus, the switching between directional radiation and omnidirectional radiation of the miniaturized room antenna can be achieved. In addition, compared with the method of direct probe feeding, the present application adopts the method of coupling and feeding the radiation patch with the probe and the coupling patch, which can ensure stable impedance matching between the two resonant modes of the main mode and the high-order mode, and has better impedance matching performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 An exploded structural diagram of a miniaturized indoor antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the miniaturized room antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application after removing the dielectric substrate;

[0022] Figure 3 A top view of a miniaturized indoor antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part A;

[0024] Figure 5 A return loss diagram of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application when operating in an omnidirectional radiation mode;

[0025] Figure 6 A return loss diagram of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application when operating in a directional radiation mode;

[0026] Figure 7 Gain diagrams of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application when operating in omnidirectional radiation mode and directional radiation mode respectively;

[0027] Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application when operating in an omnidirectional radiation mode at 1.8 GHz in the horizontal plane;

[0028] Fig. 9 A radiation pattern in a vertical plane at 1.8 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application operates in an omnidirectional radiation mode;

[0029] Fig.10 The radiation pattern of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application when operating in an omnidirectional radiation mode at 2.2 GHz in the horizontal plane;

[0030] Fig.11 A radiation pattern in a vertical plane at 2.2 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application operates in an omnidirectional radiation mode;

[0031] Fig.12 The radiation pattern of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application when operating in an omnidirectional radiation mode at 2.6 GHz in the horizontal plane;

[0032] Fig.13 A radiation pattern in a vertical plane at 2.6 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application operates in an omnidirectional radiation mode;

[0033] Fig.14 The radiation pattern of the E plane of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application when working in the directional radiation mode at 1.8 GHz;

[0034] Fig.15 The radiation pattern of the H plane at 1.8 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application works in a directional radiation mode;

[0035] Fig.16 The radiation pattern of the E plane of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application when working in the directional radiation mode at 2.2 GHz;

[0036] Fig.17 The radiation pattern of the H plane at 2.2 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application works in a directional radiation mode;

[0037] Fig.18 The radiation pattern of the E plane at 2.6 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application works in a directional radiation mode;

[0038] Fig.19 The radiation pattern of the H plane at 2.6 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application operates in a directional radiation mode.

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 10-Miniaturized indoor antenna;

[0041] 100-ground plate; 200-high dielectric constant medium; 300-radiation patch; 400-coupling patch; 500-probe; 600-air layer; 700-dielectric substrate; 800-feed port;

[0042] 110-second center hole; 120-first through hole; 130-fifth through hole; 210-third center hole; 220-second through hole; 230-sixth through hole; 310-first center hole; 320-third through hole; 330-seventh through hole; 410-first coupling patch; 420-second coupling patch; 430-third coupling patch; 510-first probe; 520-second probe; 530-third probe; 710-fourth center hole; 720-fourth through hole; 730-eighth through hole; 810-first feeding port; 820-second feeding port; 830-third feeding port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] As mentioned in the background technology, with the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the performance requirements for antennas are getting higher and higher. The significant increase in data transmission rate and the continuous growth of user demand require antenna design to support higher channel capacity and excellent reliability to effectively deal with electromagnetic signal propagation problems such as multipath fading.

[0044] The development of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems requires antennas to have polarization and pattern diversity capabilities in order to maximize the reception of signals from multiple directions and improve communication quality. At the same time, as mobile communication devices develop towards miniaturization and portability, antennas also need to be miniaturized to adapt to application scenarios with limited space.

[0045] Currently, one of the commonly used technologies is to combine a slot antenna with a monopole antenna. This design can provide flexible polarization directions to meet different communication needs. However, the height of the antenna in this design is about 0.25λ0 (λ0 is the free space wavelength of the center frequency), so the profile is high, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the device. In order to reduce the height of the antenna, some designs use a disk-loaded monopole antenna combined with a slot-coupled ring patch. Although this design can reduce the height of the antenna, it often requires the use of a three-layer dielectric board, which makes the overall structure more complex, increasing the manufacturing cost and design difficulty.

[0046] Patch antennas have the advantages of low-profile design, miniaturized size, light weight, and easy integration, but their narrow-band characteristics limit their application in rapidly developing mobile communication systems.

[0047] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a miniaturized indoor antenna, including a ground plane, a high dielectric constant medium, a radiation patch, a coupling patch and a probe. Among them, the ground plane can provide the necessary electrical grounding and mechanical support for the miniaturized indoor antenna. The high dielectric constant medium is attached to the upper surface of the ground plane, which can increase the effective dielectric constant of the miniaturized indoor antenna and reduce the resonant frequency, thereby realizing a miniaturized design. The radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the high dielectric constant medium, which can convert the radio frequency signal transmitted by the feed line into an electromagnetic wave and radiate it into space. The coupling patch is arranged on the high dielectric constant medium and is electrically isolated from the radiation patch. The coupling patch includes a first coupling patch and a second coupling patch. The probe includes a first probe and a second probe, wherein one end of the first probe is connected to the first feeding port, and the other end passes through the ground plane, the high dielectric constant medium and the radiation patch in turn to be in electrical contact with the first coupling patch. One end of the second probe is connected to the second feeding port, and the other end passes through the ground plane, the high dielectric constant medium and the radiation patch in turn to be in electrical contact with the second coupling patch. In this way, the feeding method of connecting the first probe to the first coupling patch can excite the radiating patch to achieve stable vertical linear polarization omnidirectional radiation, and the feeding method of connecting the second probe to the second coupling patch can excite the radiating patch to achieve horizontal linear polarization directional radiation. Thus, the switching between directional radiation and omnidirectional radiation of the miniaturized room antenna can be achieved. In addition, compared with the method of direct probe feeding, the present application adopts the method of coupling and feeding the radiating patch with the probe and the coupling patch, which can ensure stable impedance matching between the two resonant modes of the main mode and the higher-order mode, and has better impedance matching performance.

[0048] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the exploded structure of the miniaturized room antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the miniaturized room antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application after removing the dielectric substrate. Figure 3 A top view of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a miniaturized indoor antenna 10, which has the advantages of low-profile design, small size, light weight, and easy integration, and can be widely used in mobile communications, satellite communications, radar systems and other fields.

[0051] For example, the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 can be used for GPS positioning services to provide more accurate positioning services and improve the positioning accuracy of GPS. Alternatively, the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 can also be used in radar systems to provide high-performance radar signal reception and transmission, and improve the accuracy and sensitivity of radar. In addition, the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 also shows great potential in a variety of terahertz (THz) applications such as high-speed indoor communications, explosive detection, weapon detection, medical imaging, drug analysis, and industrial inspection.

[0052] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 includes a ground plane 100 , a high dielectric constant medium 200 , a radiation patch 300 , a coupling patch 400 and a probe 500 .

[0053] Among them, the ground plane 100 can be used as a reference plane of the antenna, which can provide a stable electrical reference point, help form the radiation pattern of the antenna, and reduce interference with other devices. The ground plane 100 can be made of a conductive material to ensure that it has good conductivity and reflection properties. In addition, combined with the operating frequency, radiation pattern, physical size limitations, and manufacturing process of the antenna, and according to actual needs, the ground plane 100 can be selected to be a square, circular, or polygonal one.

[0054] The high dielectric constant medium 200 is attached to the upper surface of the ground plate 100. It has a high relative dielectric constant and can effectively shorten the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, thereby realizing the miniaturized design of the miniaturized indoor antenna 10, and at the same time can improve the bandwidth and gain of the miniaturized indoor antenna 10. The high dielectric constant medium 200 can adopt a variety of geometric shapes, such as cubes, cylinders, cuboids or polygonal prisms, to adapt to different design requirements and space limitations. In addition, the ideal high dielectric constant medium 200 should have high dielectric constant and low loss characteristics. Common materials include glass, ceramics and polymer-based composite materials. Exemplarily, the high dielectric constant medium 200 can adopt zirconia ceramics with a relative dielectric constant of 28.

[0055] The radiation patch 300 is attached to the upper surface of the high dielectric constant medium 200. As the main radiation element of the miniaturized indoor antenna 10, the radiation patch 300 can convert the fed RF signal into electromagnetic waves and radiate these waveforms into the surrounding space, thereby realizing signal transmission and reception. The radiation patch 300 is usually made of metal material to ensure good conductivity. Its shape can be one of square, circular, and polygonal, and this embodiment does not make specific restrictions on this.

[0056] The coupling patch 400 is disposed on the high dielectric constant medium 200 and is electrically isolated from the radiation patch 300. The coupling patch 400 transfers energy to the radiation patch 300 through electromagnetic coupling. According to actual needs, the coupling patch 400 can be set to one of square, circular, and polygonal shapes.

[0057] It should be noted that the high dielectric constant medium 200 can be disposed at the center of the radiation patch 300, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the high dielectric constant medium 200 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the radiation patch 300. In this way, the ground plate 100, the radiation patch 300 and the high dielectric constant medium 200 can together form an air layer 600.

[0058] Among them, the high dielectric constant medium 200 can reduce the resonant frequency of the high-order mode of the miniaturized room antenna 10 during radiation. The dielectric constant of the air layer 600 is close to 1, and usually does not significantly change the resonant frequency of the main mode. Therefore, by reducing the resonant frequency of the high-order mode and keeping the frequency of the main mode unchanged, the frequency interval between the high-order mode and the main mode is reduced, so that the working frequency band of the antenna can be effectively expanded, so that it can work effectively in a wider frequency range.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the miniaturized room antenna 10 may further include a dielectric substrate 700, which is disposed between the radiation patch 300 and the coupling patch 400. The radiation patch 300 may be isolated from the coupling patch 400 to prevent direct contact therebetween, thereby helping to reduce unnecessary current coupling and parasitic effects, thereby improving the performance of the antenna.

[0060] In addition, the dielectric substrate 700 also provides a solid support and fixation for the miniaturized room antenna 10, ensuring its structural stability. Exemplarily, the material of the dielectric substrate 700 can be Rogers RT / duroid 5880 (tm) with a relative dielectric constant of 2.2. Rogers RT / duroid 5880 (tm) is a high-performance microwave-grade circuit material that can be widely used in radio frequency and microwave circuit design. Its relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and a lower dielectric constant can reduce signal delay and loss, thereby improving signal transmission efficiency.

[0061] In addition, the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 may further include a feeding port 800 , and the feeding port 800 includes a first feeding port 810 and a second feeding port 820 .

[0062] The coupling patch 400 includes a first coupling patch 410 and a second coupling patch 420, the center of the first coupling patch corresponds to the center of the radiation patch 300, and the second coupling patch 420 is arranged at an interval from the first coupling patch 410. It should be noted that a first central hole 310 is arranged at the center of the radiation patch 300, and the maximum diagonal of the first coupling patch 410 can be smaller than the aperture of the first central hole 310.

[0063] The probe 500 includes a first probe 510 and a second probe 520. One end of the first probe 510 is connected to the first feeding port 810, and the other end is electrically connected to the first coupling patch 410. One end of the second probe 520 is connected to the second feeding port 820, and the other end is electrically connected to the second coupling patch 420.

[0064] Specifically, the ground plate 100, the high dielectric constant medium 200, and the dielectric substrate 700 are also provided with a second center hole 110, a third center hole 210, and a fourth center hole 710 for the first probe 510 to pass through, that is, the first probe 510 passes through the second center hole 110, the third center hole 210, the first center hole 310, and the fourth center hole 710 in sequence to connect with the first coupling patch 410, and couples and feeds the radiation patch 300, thereby achieving stable vertical linear polarization omnidirectional radiation. Compared with the traditional method of directly feeding the probe 500, this embodiment couples and feeds the radiation patch 300 by connecting the probe 500 to the coupling patch 400, effectively ensuring the stable impedance matching between the two resonant modes of the main mode and the high-order mode, so that it has a more excellent impedance matching performance. Not only the performance of the miniaturized room antenna 10 is improved, but also its working bandwidth is expanded, ensuring more efficient signal transmission and reception.

[0065] It should be noted that if the first probe 510 contacts the edge of each center hole, the impedance characteristics of the antenna will be changed, resulting in impedance matching failure and increased reflection loss, thereby reducing the efficiency and radiation performance of the miniaturized indoor antenna 10. Therefore, the first center hole 310, the second center hole 110, the third center hole 210 and the fourth center hole 710 are all larger than the diameter of the first probe 510 to avoid contact between the first probe 510 and the edge of the center hole, thereby ensuring the stability and performance of the antenna.

[0066] Similarly, the ground plate 100, the high dielectric constant medium 200, the radiation patch 300, and the dielectric substrate 700 are respectively provided with a first through hole 120, a second through hole 220, a third through hole 320, and a fourth through hole 720 through which the second probe 520 can pass. The apertures of the first through hole 120, the second through hole 220, the third through hole 320, and the fourth through hole 720 are larger than the diameter of the second probe 520. The second probe 520 sequentially passes through the first through hole 120, the second through hole 220, the third through hole 320, and the fourth through hole 720 to connect with the second coupling patch 420, and couples and feeds the radiation patch 300, thereby realizing horizontal linear polarization directional radiation.

[0067] In addition, continue to refer to Figures 1 to 3As shown, the coupling patch 400 may further include a third coupling patch 430, and the third coupling patch 430 and the second coupling patch 420 are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the first coupling patch 410. The probe 500 may further include a third probe 530. The feeding port 800 also includes a third feeding port 830. The ground plate 100, the high dielectric constant medium 200, the radiation patch 300, and the dielectric substrate 700 may be respectively provided with a fifth through hole 130, a sixth through hole 230, a seventh through hole 330, and an eighth through hole 730 through which the third probe 530 can pass. The apertures of the fifth through hole 130, the sixth through hole 230, the seventh through hole 330, and the eighth through hole 730 are larger than the diameter of the third probe 530. One end of the third probe 530 is connected to the third feeding port 830 , and the other end passes through the ground plate 100 , the high dielectric constant medium 200 , the radiation patch 300 and the third probe 530 through hole of the dielectric substrate 700 in sequence to connect to the third coupling patch 430 , and couples and feeds the radiation patch 300 .

[0068] It should be noted that the second probe 520 and the third probe 530 are symmetrically arranged relative to the first probe 510, and differential feeding can be achieved by generating a phase difference of 180°. It can effectively suppress common mode interference, improve signal integrity and anti-interference capability, and improve the impedance matching characteristics of the miniaturized indoor antenna 10. In addition, by better controlling the current distribution, differential feeding can reduce reflection loss, thereby expanding the working bandwidth of the miniaturized indoor antenna 10.

[0069] By stimulating different feeding ports, the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 can flexibly switch between directional radiation and omnidirectional radiation modes within a wide frequency range. In this way, it can not only provide a variety of radiation mode options, but also enhance the adaptability of the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 in various communication environments. Whether it is a directional application that requires centralized signal transmission or an omnidirectional application that requires uniform coverage, the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 can effectively meet the needs and improve the performance and reliability of the communication system.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, a miniaturized indoor antenna 10 with an overlapping impedance bandwidth of 1.64-2.74 GHz is taken as an example for experimentation.

[0071] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part A. Figures 1 to 4As shown, in this embodiment, the ground plane 100, the coupling patch 400, the radiation patch 300, the dielectric substrate 700 are circular, and the high dielectric constant medium 200 is cylindrical. The optimized dimensions of the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 are: the radius of the ground plane 100 is Rg=90mm, the radius of the high dielectric constant medium 200 is Rz=18mm, the outer diameter of the radiation patch 300 is 2×Rs=62mm, the radius of the first probe 510, the second probe 520, and the third probe 530 is Rn=0.65mm, the radius of the first coupling patch 410 is Rt1=3.6mm, and the radius of the second coupling patch 420 and the third coupling patch 430 is Rt2=2.6mm. The inner diameter of the first center hole 310 is 2×Rp1=8mm, the inner diameter of the second center hole 110 is 2×Rh=4mm, and the inner diameter of the third center hole 210 is 2×Rh=1.68mm. The radius Rp2 of the third through hole 320 and the seventh through hole 330 is 2.6 mm, the height of the high dielectric constant medium 200 and the height of the air 600 is Hz=14 mm, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 700 is 0.252 mm, the height of the first probe 510 is the thickness of the dielectric substrate 700 plus the height of the high dielectric constant medium 200, that is, 0.252 mm+14 mm=14.252 mm, and the distance Ds between the centers of the first probe 510 and the second probe 520 is 12 mm.

[0072] Figure 5 A return loss diagram of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application when operating in an omnidirectional radiation mode. Figure 6 A return loss diagram of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application when operating in a directional radiation mode.

[0073] The return loss graph shows the matching performance of the antenna over the frequency range, where lower return loss values ​​indicate a better match between the antenna and the transmission line, meaning more signal energy is transmitted to the antenna and less is reflected. Figure 5 As shown, the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 has an impedance bandwidth of 53.7% in the frequency range of 1.58-2.74 GHz when in omnidirectional radiation mode. Figure 6 As shown, the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 has an impedance bandwidth of 61.3% in the frequency range of 1.64 GHz to 3.09 GHz in the directional radiation mode. This shows that the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 provided in this embodiment can effectively transmit and receive signals in both the omnidirectional radiation mode and the directional radiation mode, and has good impedance matching performance.

[0074] Figure 7 The gain diagrams of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application when operating in omnidirectional radiation mode and directional radiation mode respectively. Figure 7As shown, the gain of the miniaturized indoor antenna in the 1.64-2.74 GHz frequency band is 9.29±2.23 dBi in directional radiation mode and 4.55±1.05 dBi in omnidirectional radiation mode. This shows that the design of the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 of the present application allows it to provide flexible gain adjustment in different application scenarios to meet different coverage and communication requirements.

[0075] Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is in the horizontal plane at 1.8 GHz when operating in the omnidirectional radiation mode. Fig. 9 The radiation pattern of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is in the vertical plane at 1.8 GHz when operating in the omnidirectional radiation mode. Fig.10 The radiation pattern of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is in the horizontal plane at 2.2 GHz when operating in the omnidirectional radiation mode. Fig.11 The radiation pattern of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is in the vertical plane at 2.2 GHz when operating in the omnidirectional radiation mode. Fig.12 The radiation pattern of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is in the horizontal plane at 2.6 GHz when operating in the omnidirectional radiation mode. Fig.13 The radiation pattern of the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is in the vertical plane at 2.6 GHz when operating in the omnidirectional radiation mode.

[0076] Figures 8 to 13 The radiation patterns of the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 in the horizontal and vertical planes in the omnidirectional radiation mode at different frequencies (1.8 GHz, 2.2 GHz, 2.6 GHz) are shown, indicating the radiation characteristics at different operating frequencies. In the radiation pattern, the X-pol curve represents the cross-polarization level, and the Co-pol curve represents the main polarization level. The comparison between the cross-polarization and the main polarization can reflect the polarization isolation performance of the antenna. Figures 8 to 13 As shown, the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 provided in this embodiment works stably in the omnidirectional radiation mode at three different frequencies of 1.8 GHz, 2.2 GHz and 2.6 GHz, and the main polarization level (Co-pol) is relatively uniform in all directions of the horizontal plane, while the cross-polarization level (X-pol) is low, indicating that the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 has good omnidirectional radiation characteristics and low cross-polarization interference, indicating that it maintains good omnidirectional radiation performance in a wide frequency band.

[0077] Fig.14 The radiation pattern of the E-plane at 1.8 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application operates in a directional radiation mode. Fig.15The radiation pattern of the H plane at 1.8 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application operates in a directional radiation mode. Fig.16 The radiation pattern of the E-plane at 2.2 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application operates in a directional radiation mode. Fig.17 The radiation pattern of the H plane at 2.2 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application operates in a directional radiation mode. Fig.18 The radiation pattern of the E-plane at 2.6 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application operates in a directional radiation mode. Fig.19 The radiation pattern of the H plane at 2.6 GHz when the miniaturized indoor antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application operates in a directional radiation mode.

[0078] Reference Figures 14 to 18 As shown, in the radiation pattern of the E-plane and H-plane of the miniaturized indoor antenna 10, the main polarization level (Co-pol) shows obvious directivity, indicating that the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 can effectively concentrate the radiation energy in a specific direction, while the cross-polarization level (X-pol) is relatively low, indicating that the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 has good polarization isolation and directivity. Therefore, the miniaturized indoor antenna 10 provided in the present application has good directional radiation characteristics in a wide frequency band, and is suitable for application scenarios that require high-gain transmission in a specific direction.

[0079] The various embodiments or implementation methods in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0080] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A miniaturized indoor antenna, characterized in that: include: Ground Plate (100); A high dielectric constant medium (200) is attached to the upper surface of the ground plate (100); A radiation patch (300) is attached to the upper surface of the high dielectric constant medium (200); A coupling patch (400) is arranged on the high dielectric constant medium (200) and is electrically isolated from the radiation patch (300), the coupling patch (400) comprising a first coupling patch (410) and a second coupling patch (420); wherein the center of the first coupling patch (410) corresponds to the center of the radiation patch (300), and the second coupling patch (420) is arranged at an interval from the first coupling patch (410); A probe (500) comprising a first probe (510) and a second probe (520), wherein one end of the first probe (510) is connected to the first feeding port, and the other end sequentially passes through the ground plate (100), the high dielectric constant medium (200) and the radiation patch (300) to be electrically contacted with the first coupling patch (410), and one end of the second probe (520) is connected to the second feeding port, and the other end sequentially passes through the ground plate (100), the high dielectric constant medium (200) and the radiation patch (300) to be electrically contacted with the second coupling patch (420); The coupling patch (400) further comprises a third coupling patch (430), wherein the third coupling patch (430) and the second coupling patch (420) are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the first coupling patch (410); The probe (500) further comprises a third probe (530), one end of the third probe (530) being connected to the third feeding port and the other end of the third probe (530) being in electrical contact with the third coupling patch (430).

2. The miniaturized indoor antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first central hole (310) is opened at the center of the radiation patch (300), and the diameter of the first coupling patch (410) is smaller than the aperture of the first central hole (310).

3. The miniaturized room antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the first probe (510) and the second probe (520) is smaller than the radius of the high dielectric constant medium (200).

4. The miniaturized room antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the high dielectric constant medium (200) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the radiation patch (300); the ground plate (100), the radiation patch (300) and the high dielectric constant medium (200) together form an air layer (600).

5. The miniaturized room antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes: The dielectric substrate (700) is attached to the upper surface of the radiation patch (300), and the coupling patch (400) is attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (700).

6. The miniaturized room antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate (700) completely covers the radiation patch (300).

7. The miniaturized room antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The probe (500) passes through the high dielectric constant medium (200), the radiation patch (300), and the dielectric substrate (700) in a non-contact manner.

8. The miniaturized indoor antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ground plate (100), the high dielectric constant medium (200), the radiation patch (300) and the dielectric substrate (700) are coaxially arranged.

9. The miniaturized room antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The high dielectric constant medium (200) comprises at least one of glass, ceramic, and polymer-based composite materials.

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