A pesticide composition for preventing and treating ginger root rot and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a pesticide composition for preventing and treating ginger root rot and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of chemical pesticides. The pesticide composition for preventing and treating ginger root rot comprises hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and ethylic alliin. The application provides the pesticide composition for preventing and treating ginger root rot, which comprises hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and ethylic alliin. The composition is prepared into a complex fungicide, and the suspension agent can efficiently prevent and treat ginger root rot.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of chemical pesticides, and particularly relates to a pesticide composition for preventing and treating ginger root rot and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Root rot is a soil-borne disease mainly caused by fungi in the soil, such as Pythium, Fusarium and Magnaporthe grisea. After the pathogenic bacteria invade the plant through the root wound, the root rots, affecting the absorption of nutrients and water by the plant roots. As the disease develops, the upper part of the plant is unable to absorb enough nutrients and water, and the normal physiological metabolism process is affected, ultimately leading to the death of the whole plant.

[0003] Crops affected by root rot include but are not limited to strawberries, sugar beets, beans, cotton, peanuts, cucumbers, tomatoes, fruit trees, watermelons, melons, etc. Different crops may exhibit different symptoms and severity due to differences in pathogen species, environmental conditions and crop resistance. Although different crops may be caused by similar pathogens, due to physiological differences between crops and specificity of the pathogen, using the same pesticide for prevention and treatment of different crops is not always effective. Therefore, when selecting a pesticide, the disease situation of the specific crop, the pathogen species, and the application range and effect of the pesticide should be considered comprehensively.

[0004] Ginger root rot is a serious soil-borne disease in ginger production and cultivation, mainly caused by pathogenic bacteria in the soil or on the seed ginger, and spread through water, fertilizer, soil and agricultural operations. The pathogenic bacteria infect the plant and cause the rhizome to rot, eventually leading to the death of the plant. Once the disease occurs, it spreads rapidly, and a mild disease can cause a 20%-40% reduction in yield, a severe disease can cause a 50%-80% reduction in yield, and even no yield. It has been reported that the pathogenic bacteria of ginger root rot in China are dominated by Pythium and Fusarium, which have a wide distribution and strong pathogenicity.

[0005] There is no ginger variety resistant to root rot in current production, and the use of fungicides is still an important measure to effectively prevent and control ginger root rot. However, in actual production, it has been found that some chemical pesticides commonly used for the prevention and treatment of ginger root rot have caused pathogenic bacteria to develop resistance, and long-term continuous use of the same or similar chemical pesticides can reduce the control effect of the pesticides. In recent years, the incidence of ginger root rot in China has been increasing year by year, and the use of conventional chemical pesticides has been difficult, often leading to an increase in the prevalence of the disease. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a pesticide composition for preventing and treating ginger root rot and application thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] One of the technical solutions provided by the present application is:

[0008] A pesticide composition for preventing and treating ginger root rot, comprising hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and ethylicin.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and ethylicin is 2:1:3.

[0010] Metalaxyl-M (Metalaxyl-M), chemical name N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-alanine methyl ester, is a broad-spectrum fungicide, mainly used for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by Oomycetes, and has a significant effect on diseases caused by Peronospora, Phytophthora, Pythium and other pathogens of vegetables, fruit trees, food crops and the like. Hymexazol, chemical name 3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole, is a high-efficiency pesticide fungicide, soil disinfectant and also a plant growth regulator. The drug effect is unique, has high efficiency, low toxicity and no public hazard, belongs to green and environmentally friendly high-tech products, and hymexazol can effectively inhibit the normal growth of pathogenic fungal hyphae or directly kill the pathogen, and can also promote plant growth, and has the effects of promoting root growth and development, rooting and seedling strengthening, and improving the survival rate of crops. Ethylicin, also known as ethyl ethanesulfinate, is a kind of plant bionics pesticide, which can effectively prevent and treat various diseases such as fungi and bacteria, and its fungicidal mechanism is that the (S-S=O=O) group in the molecular structure reacts with the -SH group in the bacterial molecule, thereby inhibiting the normal metabolism of the bacteria. The present application has carried out screening tests on a plurality of pesticide compounds, and found that the three kinds of pesticide compounds have a good synergistic effect on the prevention and control of ginger root rot when they are compounded according to a certain proportion, and the defects of the significant deficiency of the prevention and control effect of ginger root rot when used alone are overcome.

[0011] The second technical solution provided by the present application is:

[0012] The application of the above-mentioned pesticide composition for preventing and treating ginger root rot, the soil is disinfected by using a compounded fungicide containing the above-mentioned pesticide composition before sowing ginger seeds.

[0013] Preferably, according to the use amount of 7.5-9 g / acre, the soil is sprayed by using a sprayer after dilution with water, and more preferably, according to the use amount of 9 g / acre, the soil is sprayed by using a sprayer after dilution with water.

[0014] The third technical solution provided by the present application is:

[0015] The application of the above-mentioned pesticide composition for preventing and treating ginger root rot, the soil is disinfected by using a compounded fungicide containing the above-mentioned pesticide composition before sowing ginger seeds.

[0016] The ginger seeds should be soaked and disinfected by using the compounded fungicide before germination, which can prevent the seeds from carrying bacteria.

[0017] Preferably, 7.5-9 g of the pesticide composition is used in 100 kg of water to soak the seeds, more preferably, 7.5 g of the pesticide composition is used in 100 kg of water to soak the seeds.

[0018] Preferably, the complex fungicide comprises the pesticide composition and pharmaceutical adjuvant.

[0019] Preferably, the complex fungicide comprises water-based preparation and solid preparation.

[0020] More preferably, the water-based preparation comprises one or more of emulsifiable concentrate, suspension concentrate, water emulsion and microemulsion.

[0021] More preferably, the solid preparation comprises one or more of granule, powder and dispersible tablet.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0023] The present application provides a pesticide composition for preventing and treating ginger root rot, which comprises hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and ethylicin, and a complex fungicide prepared from the pesticide composition, wherein the suspension concentrate can efficiently prevent and treat ginger root rot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following detailed description of various exemplary embodiments of the present application should not be considered to limit the present application in any way, but rather the following description should be understood to provide more detailed descriptions of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the present application.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms used in the present application merely describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, for the numerical ranges in the present application, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper limit and the lower limit of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range within the stated range and between any stated value or intermediate value in the stated range is also included in the present application. The upper limit and the lower limit of these smaller ranges can be included or excluded independently from the range.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present application, preferred methods and materials are described. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials in connection with which the documents are cited. In case of conflict between the content of the specification and that of any document incorporated by reference, the content of the specification prevails.

[0027] Many modifications and variations to the illustrative embodiments described herein will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the foregoing description. Such variations may not depart from the scope or spirit of the present disclosure. Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to skilled artisans from the description provided herein. The description and examples of the present disclosure are illustrative only.

[0028] As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” “including,” “has,” “having,” and the like are open-ended terms that are intended to mean including, but not limited to.

[0029] The test strains of the ginger root rot fungus in the embodiments of the present application include: Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani and Pythium catenatum, which are provided by the laboratory of Tangshan Agricultural Science Research Institute. In 2021-2022, typical root rot disease samples of ginger were collected from the ginger planting area in Fengrun District of Tangshan City, Hebei Province, and were isolated, purified and identified by using tissue separation method, morphology and molecular biology means, and were verified by Koch's postulates.

[0030] The test fungicides in the embodiments of the present application are all purchased from the market.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] In this example, the mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the toxicity of different fungicides on Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani and Pythium catenatum, and to screen fungicides with good inhibition effect.

[0033] The technical fungicides azoxystrobin, fludioxonil, difenoconazole, hymexazol, metalaxyl-M, ethylicin, copper oxychloride and chlorobromoisocyanuric acid were dissolved in a small amount of ethanol or acetone solvent, and then prepared into a mother liquor with a mass concentration of 10000 mg / L with sterile water. According to the pre-experiment, different concentration gradients of the drug-containing PAD medium were prepared. Under sterile conditions, the activated test strains were punched into a 5mm diameter cake along the edge of the colony with a puncher, and the mycelium was inoculated into the above drug-containing plate with the center facing down, with 3 repeated treatments for each treatment, and a blank control was set. After incubation at 28℃ for 5-7 days, the colony diameter was measured, the average inhibition rate of mycelial growth was calculated, the regression equation was established, and the EC 50 , wherein the mycelial growth inhibition rate = (control colony diameter - treatment cake diameter) / (control colony diameter - 5mm) x 100%, and the determination results are shown in Tables 1-3.

[0034] Table 1 Toxicity determination of 8 fungicides on Fusarium oxysporum in vitro

[0035]

[0036] As shown in Table 1, among the 8 fungicides, the three fungicides with better inhibition effect on Fusarium oxysporum are ethylicin, fludioxonil and hymexazol, and their EC50 The values from small to large are ethylicin (11.49 mg / L), fludioxonil (17.40 mg / L), hymexazol (33.09 mg / L).

[0037] Table 2: In vitro toxicity determination of 8 fungicides on Fusarium solani

[0038]

[0039] As shown in Table 2, among the 8 fungicides, the three fungicides with better inhibition effect on Fusarium solani are ethylicin, fludioxonil and hymexazol, and the EC 50 values from small to large are ethylicin (10.66 mg / L), fludioxonil (15.71 mg / L), hymexazol (28.56 mg / L).

[0040] Table 3: In vitro toxicity determination of 8 fungicides on Pythium aphanidermatum

[0041]

[0042] As shown in Table 3, among the 8 fungicides, the three fungicides with better inhibition effect on Pythium aphanidermatum are metalaxyl-M, ethylicin and hymexazol, and the EC 50 values from small to large are metalaxyl-M (2.57 mg / L), ethylicin (9.70 mg / L), hymexazol (15.56 mg / L).

[0043] According to the in vitro toxicity determination of the 8 fungicides, ethylicin has the best inhibition effect on Fusarium solani, and also has better inhibition effect on Pythium aphanidermatum; metalaxyl-M has the best inhibition effect on Pythium aphanidermatum, and the EC 50 value is only 2.57 mg / L; hymexazol has better inhibition effect on the three pathogenic fungi, and the inhibition effect ranks the third. Considering comprehensively, the three fungicides are finally selected for compounding and screening of the combination.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] The mother liquor (10000 mg / L) of hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and ethylicin is mixed in different mass ratios (1:1:1, 3:1:2, 3:2:1, 2:1:3, 2:3:1, 1:3:2, 1:2:3, 4:1:1, 1:4:1, 1:1:4) to obtain mixed solutions with different ratios, which are then diluted with sterile water to obtain solutions with mass concentrations of 1000, 100, 10, 1, 0.1 mg / L, and mixed with PDA medium in a volume ratio of 1:9 to prepare PDA plates containing 100, 10, 1, 0.1, 0.01 mg / L of the fungicides, respectively. The mycelial growth rate inhibition method is used for toxicity determination, and the method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0046] The synergistic coefficient (SR) was calculated according to Wadley formula.

[0047] EC 50 (th) = (a + b) / [a / EC 50 (A) + b / EC 50 (B)] (1)

[0048] SR = EC 50 (th) / EC 50 (ob) (2)

[0049] In the formula, A and B are single agents, a and b are the proportions of the corresponding single agents in the mixture, ob is the actual observed value, and th is the theoretical value. SR > 1.5 is synergistic effect; 0.5 ≤ SR ≤ 1.5 is additive effect; and SR < 0.5 is antagonistic effect. The determination results are shown in Tables 4-6.

[0050] Table 4 Joint toxicity determination of hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and etacelasil on Fusarium oxysporum

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] The determination results in Table 4 show that among the 10 combinations of hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and etacelasil, 2 combinations have synergistic effect on the inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum, and the combination of hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and etacelasil in a mass ratio of 2:1:3 has the highest synergistic coefficient and the most obvious synergistic effect.

[0054] Table 5 Joint toxicity determination of hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and etacelasil on Fusarium solani

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] The determination results in Table 5 show that among the 10 combinations of hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and etacelasil, 1 combination has synergistic effect on the inhibition of Fusarium solani, and the combination of hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and etacelasil in a mass ratio of 2:1:3 has the most obvious synergistic effect.

[0058] Table 6 Joint toxicity determination of hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and etacelasil on Pythium aphanidermatum

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] The determination results in Table 6 show that 5 of the 10 combinations of hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and ethylicin have synergistic effects on the inhibition of Pythium aphanidermatum, and the mass ratio of hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and ethylicin is 2:1:3, the synergistic coefficient is the highest, and the synergistic effect is the most obvious.

[0062] In summary, in all the screening of the complex agents, the mass ratio of the best complex effect is hymexazol: metalaxyl-M: ethylicin = 2:1:3.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] The pesticide active ingredients (metalaxyl-M, hymexazol and ethylicin), various adjuvants (Morwet EFW, polyvinyl alcohol, emulsifying dispersant 2280, xanthan gum and sodium benzoate) and water were uniformly mixed and stirred for 30 min, and then ground into a multi-phase suspension system with a particle size of ≤5 μm using a sand mill to prepare a suspension concentrate, wherein the content of the active ingredient is 300 g / L, and the content of each component in the suspension concentrate is shown in Table 7.

[0065] Table 7

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Note: g / L represents the mass of active ingredients or adjuvants contained in each L of the suspension concentrate.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] Pot experiment: The test site was the ginger experiment laboratory of Tangshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and the test time was from June to September 2023. The ginger seeds harvested from the plot where the root rot disease was the most serious in the previous year were used. The ginger seeds were treated with different concentrations of the suspension concentrate prepared in Example 3 before germination, and the treatment time was 3 min.

[0071] The control groups were treated with 350 g / L metalaxyl-M seed treatment emulsion (purchased on the market), 30% hymexazol aqueous agent (purchased on the market) and 80% ethylicin emulsion (purchased on the market), and the blank control group was treated with water. The dosage of the agents is shown in Table 8. After soaking the seeds, the ginger seeds were placed in an incubator at 28°C for germination, and when the sprouts grew to about 1.5 cm, they were sown in the seedling pots filled with sterile soil, 30 plants were sown for each treatment, and each group was repeated 3 times. After the seedlings were out, the germination rate was counted, and after 60 days, the incidence rate and disease index of root rot were counted, and the control effect of the agents was calculated. The test results are shown in Table 8.

[0072] Among them, the germination rate (%) = the number of seedlings / seeded number x 100%;

[0073] Disease index = 100 x ∑ (number of each level of diseased plants x relative level value) / (total number of plants surveyed x representative value of the most severe level of disease) ;

[0074] Control effect (%) = (disease index of the blank control area - disease index of the chemical treatment area) / disease index of the blank control area x 100%.

[0075] Table 8 Effect of the suspension agent prepared in Example 3 on the emergence rate and root rot disease control of potted ginger

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] As shown in Table 8, the root rot disease control effects of the suspension agents A, B, C, and D were 71.74%, 79.24%, 80.92%, and 82.66%, respectively, and the root rot disease control effects of the single agents E, F, and G (metalaxyl-M, hymexazol, and ethylicin) were 60.16%, 65.92%, and 72.77%, respectively. The effective component dosage of the suspension agent was 7.5-10.5 g / 100 kg of seeds, and the root rot disease control effect was significantly higher than that of the single agent treatment, but the emergence rate of ginger was affected to a certain extent as the dosage increased. When the effective component dosage of the suspension agent was 7.5-9 g / 100 kg of seeds for seed disinfection treatment, the emergence rate of ginger was not significantly affected, and the root rot disease control effect was significantly higher than that of the three single agent treatments. When the effective component dosage of the suspension agent was 7.5 g / 100 kg of seeds, the ginger seed treatment effect was the best.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] Field efficacy test: The test site was Shanjiazai Village, Fengrun District, Tangshan City, Hebei Province. The root rot disease occurred moderately in the test field in the previous year, with a disease incidence of 20%, and the test area was 300 m 2 After the ginger seeds were soaked and disinfected and germinated by the suspension agent prepared in Example 3, they were sown in the test field on March 31, 2024, and were cultivated in a plastic greenhouse. The plot area was 12.5 m 2 Before sowing, the test field was plowed and rotovated, and the soil was mixed and then disinfected with chemicals. The chemical agents and dosages are shown in Table 9. The emergence rate was counted 30 days after emergence, and the root rot disease occurrence was counted 60 days later, and the disease index and control effect were calculated.

[0081] Table 9 Effect of the suspension agent prepared in Example 3 on the emergence rate and root rot disease control of potted ginger

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] The field test results are shown in Table 9: the control effects of the suspending agents A, B and C on ginger root rot are 63.6%, 71.35% and 74.08% respectively, the control effects of the single agents E and F of mefenoxam and hymexazol on ginger root rot are 49.08% and 53.25% respectively. The suspending agent D and the 80% etacelasil emulsion G significantly affect the ginger emergence rate, so the control effect is not counted. The effective component dosage of the suspending agent is 7.5-9 g / mu, which has no effect on the ginger emergence rate, and the control effect on ginger root rot is significantly higher than that of the single agent of mefenoxam and hymexazol, and the soil effect of the suspending agent with an effective component dosage of 9 g / mu is the best.

[0085] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pesticide composition for controlling root rot in ginger, characterized in that, Hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and ethylicin; The mass ratio of the hymexazol, metalaxyl-M and ethylicin is 2:1:

3.

2. The use of the pesticide composition for controlling the root rot of Zingiber officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil is disinfected by using the complex bactericide containing the pesticide composition of claim 1 before sowing ginger seeds.

3. The use of the pesticide composition for controlling the root rot of Zingiber officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ginger seeds are soaked and disinfected by using the complex bactericide containing the pesticide composition of claim 1 before germination.

4. Use according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The complex bactericide comprises the pesticide composition of claim 1 and pharmaceutical adjuvants.

5. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that, The complex bactericide comprises water-based preparations and solid preparations.

6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water-based preparations comprise one or more of emulsifiable concentrate, suspension concentrate, emulsion in water and microemulsion.

7. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that, The solid preparations comprise one or more of granules, powder and dispersible tablets.

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