A retractor for spinal surgery

Abstract

The present application discloses a kind of vertebral surgery drag hook, including shift mechanism, the shift mechanism includes first threaded rod, second threaded rod, first moving block, second moving block, slide bar, first moving rod and fixed frame, the top four corners of the shift mechanism are provided with engagement mechanism, the engagement mechanism includes knob, clamping rod, gyro wheel and rubber pad, the outer side of the support rod is provided with drag hook mechanism, the drag hook mechanism includes drag hook sleeve, limiting sleeve, limiting button, drag hook, first fixed block, second moving rod and spring.The present application is set by the top of shift mechanism Multiple sets of engagement mechanism to ensure that shift mechanism can be set at the bottom of operating bed, to realize the width control of drag hook, so as to realize the length control of drag hook to surgical area, and can also be adjusted according to the actual situation of patient Real-time subtle angle or distance effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device research technology, specifically a spinal surgery retractor. Background Technology

[0002] Orthopedics, also known as orthopedic surgery, is a medical specialty or discipline that studies the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the musculoskeletal system. It uses drugs, surgery, and physical methods to maintain and develop the normal shape and function of this system, as well as to treat injuries and diseases of this system. Clinically, in orthopedic spinal reinforcement surgery, metal fasteners need to be implanted at the surgical site. During the surgery, the metal fasteners need to be implanted into the bone while the tendons around the bone are opened.

[0003] During the surgery, the skin and subcutaneous tissue are incised along the incision direction. The spinous process is exposed from the lower end of the incision to the upper end. The paraspinal muscles in the thoracic segment are pushed from under the periosteum to the tip of the transverse process, close to the spinous process and lamina. In the lumbar segment, they are exposed to the outside of the facet joint. At this time, the muscles and skin will block the patient's surgical area, so it is necessary to use retractors to expose the patient's surgical area and facilitate the operation. The paraspinal muscles on the concave and convex sides of the spine are pulled apart with lamina retractors to expand the exposure range. After exposure, pedicle screws are inserted. Pedicle screws are suitable for a variety of surgical procedures such as spinal fractures, lumbar spondylolisthesis, and scoliosis.

[0004] In existing surgical techniques, retractors require manual manipulation of the patient's muscles and skin. Prolonged use can cause arm pain for the assistant surgeon, making it difficult to effectively control the retractor. Furthermore, the length and width cannot be adjusted and locked according to the patient's actual surgical area. This is because the assistant surgeon cannot accurately limit the force applied to the retractor and requires a high level of technical skill to operate it. Consequently, traditional retractors may cause compressive or ischemic damage to muscles and nerves during surgery, and may also lead to serious consequences such as tissue damage, bleeding, and secondary tendon injury. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a spinal surgery retractor to solve the technical problems of manual pulling of the patient's muscles and skin, which can cause arm pain for the assistant physician over a long period of time, making it impossible to effectively control the retractor, and making it impossible to adjust and lock the length and width according to the actual surgical area of ​​the patient, and the assistant physician cannot accurately limit the force used to pull the retractor, while also requiring a high level of technical skill to operate the retractor.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a spinal surgery retractor, comprising a displacement mechanism, the displacement mechanism comprising a first threaded rod, a second threaded rod, a first moving block, a second moving block, a slide rod, a first moving rod, and a fixing frame, the first threaded rod being disposed inside the fixing frame, and the fixing frame having a through hole that mates with the first threaded rod inside the fixing frame, the second threaded rod being disposed at the bottom end of the fixing frame, the first moving block being disposed outside the second threaded rod, the second moving block being disposed at the top end of the first moving rod, the slide rod being fixed inside the first moving block, the moving rod being disposed outside the first threaded rod, and the first moving rod having a threaded cavity that mates with the first threaded rod inside the first moving rod, and the fixing frame being fixed outside the first threaded rod;

[0007] Each of the four corners of the top of the displacement mechanism is equipped with a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism includes a knob, a locking rod, a roller, and a rubber pad. The knob is located inside the locking rod, the locking rod is fixed to the top of the displacement mechanism, the roller is located inside the locking rod, and the rubber pad is fixed to one end of the knob.

[0008] The second movable block has a support rod at its top, and a hook mechanism is provided on the outside of the support rod. The hook mechanism includes a hook sleeve, a limiting sleeve, a limiting button, a hook, a first fixing block, a second movable rod, and a spring. The hook sleeve is fixed to one end of the support rod, the limiting sleeve is located at one end of the hook sleeve, the limiting button is located inside the limiting sleeve, the hook is movably connected to the hook sleeve, the first fixing block is fixed to one end of the hook, the second movable rod is movably connected to the bottom end of the support rod, the spring is located inside the limiting button, and a first crank is provided at one end of the first threaded rod.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, the physician manually pushes the displacement mechanism located at the bottom of the operating table, and the movement of the displacement mechanism drives the locking mechanism located at the four corners of the top, so that the rollers inside the locking mechanism can slide along the handrails on the operating table, thereby driving the displacement mechanism to move in position, thus enabling the hook mechanism to move in position.

[0010] When moved to the appropriate position, the assistant physician can rotate the first crank handle, which in turn rotates the first threaded rod. When the first threaded rod rotates, it will drive the two sets of moving rods set on its outer side to move, and the threads on the outer side of the threaded rod will cause the two sets of moving rods to move in opposite directions.

[0011] This causes the support rod fixed to the top of the second moving block at the top of the moving rod to drive the fixed hook mechanism to unfold. Then, the patient is instructed to lie prone on the operating table, and the patient's back is controlled to be exposed between the two sets of cushions on the operating table. Then, when the surgeon cuts open the patient's surgical site, the assistant surgeon can rotate the first crank to rotate the first threaded rod, and the rotation of the first threaded rod will cause the moving rods on both sides to move inward.

[0012] This causes the retractor mechanism to move inward. When it reaches the appropriate position, the operator can stop rotating the first crank. Then, the assistant physician manually presses the limit button set at one end of the retractor mechanism. When the limit button is pressed, it will move into the retractor sleeve due to its internal structure, so that the limit button is no longer locked in the limit sleeve. This allows the retractor to move up and down inside the retractor sleeve. When the assistant physician repeats the above operation until the multiple retractors inside the retractor sleeve reach the appropriate auxiliary position for the patient, the operation stops. Then, the assistant physician attaches the muscles and skin of the patient that are obstructing the doctor's surgical field of vision to one end of the retractor.

[0013] Then, the assistant physician rotates the second crank, which in turn rotates the rod fixed at one end. The bevel gear set at one end of the rod drives the second threaded rod. When the second threaded rod rotates, the outer thread and the first moving block meshing with it move in opposite directions. When the first moving block moves, it drives the slide rod fixed inside to move. The limiting block inside the second moving block connects with the slide rod, which drives the second moving block to move longitudinally at the top of the moving rod. This causes the support rod fixed at the top of the second moving block to move, which in turn drives the hook mechanism on the outside and the hook inside to move longitudinally. The movement of the hook mechanism opens up the muscles and skin in the surgical area that are obstructing the patient's vision.

[0014] The above structure eliminates the need for prolonged manual control of the retractor, thus preventing arm pain for the assistant physician. It effectively controls the retractor, allowing for adjustment and locking of its length and width according to the patient's actual surgical area. Furthermore, the shape of the retractor and the internal cavity increase the overall contact area with the patient's muscles and skin, preventing secondary damage caused by excessive force on a small area.

[0015] Furthermore, the first movable block has a threaded hole inside that mates with the second threaded rod, and the fixed frame has two sets of bearings inside that mate with the second threaded rod.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the threaded hole provided inside the second threaded rod and the first moving block can ensure that the first moving block can move accordingly according to the direction of rotation when the second threaded rod rotates.

[0017] Furthermore, the shifting mechanism is fixed to the locking rod by welding, and the locking rod is provided with a bearing that cooperates with the roller.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, welding is used to ensure the stability between the displacement mechanism and the locking rod, preventing subsequent shaking that could affect the subsequent work results.

[0019] Furthermore, the support rod has a groove inside that mates with the second moving rod, and the second moving rod and the first fixed block are limited by a rotating rod.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the grooves opened inside the support rod ensure that the moving rod can slide stably, avoiding displacement or dislocation during sliding.

[0021] Furthermore, the hook has an internal cavity, and the limiting sleeve has an internal engagement cavity that cooperates with the limiting button.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the cavity inside the hook can increase the overall contact area for blocking and advancing the patient's muscles and skin during the operation, thus avoiding secondary damage to the patient due to a small contact area during use.

[0023] Furthermore, a limit block is provided inside the second moving block, and a cavity is provided inside the limit block to cooperate with the slide rod.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting block is used to ensure that the slide bar can be locked and limited, thus preventing dislocation during use and affecting the movement of the hook.

[0025] Furthermore, a rotating rod is provided at the bottom of the fixing frame, and the rotating rod is fixed to the second threaded rod by a bevel gear set.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, and through the cooperation of the rotating rod and the bevel gear set, the second threaded rod can be rotated synchronously by rotating the rotating rod.

[0027] Furthermore, multiple sets of second fixing blocks that cooperate with the rotating rod are provided at the bottom of the fixing frame, and a second rocker is provided at one end of the rotating rod.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple sets of second fixing blocks set at the bottom of the fixing frame ensure that the rotating rod will not shake or displace while rotating.

[0029] Furthermore, a limiting plate is provided inside the second moving block, and a sliding cavity that cooperates with the limiting plate is provided inside the first moving rod.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, two sets of limiting plates inside the second moving block are used to lock the two sets of sliding cavities inside the moving rod, thereby ensuring that the sliding process will not tilt due to the force on the hook.

[0031] In summary, the present invention has the following main advantages: The present invention ensures that the displacement mechanism can be positioned at the bottom of the operating table by using multiple sets of engaging mechanisms at the top of the displacement mechanism. Rollers inside the engaging mechanisms move along the fixed armrests of the operating table, thereby moving the displacement mechanism. Furthermore, rotating a knob inside the engaging mechanisms causes a rubber pad at one end to engage with the operating table armrest via its internal threads. The compression of the rubber pad with the surgical aids fixes the displacement mechanism in place. Then, a first crank handle rotates the first threaded rod, and the rotation of the first threaded rod causes the outer side of the threaded rod to move. The two sets of second moving rods move synchronously in opposite directions, causing the support rod at the top to move the hook mechanism fixed on the outside to the left and right sides, thereby controlling the width of the hook. Then, by rotating the second crank, the second threaded rod can be rotated, thereby driving the two sets of first moving blocks to move in opposite directions on the first moving rod. This causes the four sets of hooks inside the hook mechanism to move longitudinally in opposite directions, thereby controlling the length of the hook over the surgical area. This achieves stable and effective control of the hook over a long period of time, and also allows for real-time fine adjustment of the angle or distance according to the patient's actual situation. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a disassembly diagram of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C;

[0040] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point D;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hook mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged view of point E;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the present invention.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Shifting mechanism; 101. First threaded rod; 102. Second threaded rod; 103. First moving block; 104. Second moving block; 105. Slide rod; 106. First moving rod; 107. Fixing frame; 2. Engaging mechanism; 201. Knob; 202. Engaging rod; 203. Roller; 204. Rubber pad; 3. First crank handle; 4. Support rod; 5. Hook mechanism; 501. Hook sleeve; 502. Limit sleeve; 503. Limit button; 504. Hook; 505. First fixing block; 506. Second moving rod; 507. Spring; 6. Limit block; 7. Groove; 8. Bevel gear set; 9. Second fixing block; 10. Rotating rod; 11. Slider; 12. Second crank handle. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0047] like Figures 1-12As shown, the spinal surgery retractor of the present invention includes a displacement mechanism 1. The displacement mechanism 1 includes a first threaded rod 101, a second threaded rod 102, a first moving block 103, a second moving block 104, a slide rod 105, a first moving rod 106, and a fixing frame 107. The first threaded rod 101 is disposed inside the fixing frame 107, and the fixing frame 107 has a through hole that mates with the first threaded rod 101. The second threaded rod 102 is disposed at the bottom end of the fixing frame 107. The first moving block 103 is disposed outside the second threaded rod 102. The second moving block 104 is disposed at the top end of the first moving rod 106. The slide rod 105 is fixed to the first moving rod 106. Inside block 103, the first moving rod 106 is located outside the first threaded rod 101, and the first moving rod 106 has a threaded cavity that mates with the first threaded rod 101. The fixing frame 107 is fixed outside the first threaded rod 101. In use, the assistant physician manually pushes the displacement mechanism 1 located at the bottom of the operating table, and the movement of the displacement mechanism 1 drives the locking mechanism 2 located at the four corners of the top, so that the rollers 203 inside the locking mechanism 2 can slide along the handrails on the operating table, thereby driving the displacement mechanism 1 to move in position, thereby enabling the hook mechanism 5 to move in position.

[0048] For example, each of the four corners of the top of the displacement mechanism 1 is provided with a locking mechanism 2. The locking mechanism 2 includes a knob 201, a locking rod 202, a roller 203 and a rubber pad 204. The knob 201 is located inside the locking rod 202, which is fixed to the top of the displacement mechanism 1. The roller 203 is located inside the locking rod 202, and the rubber pad 204 is fixed to one end of the knob 201. When the displacement mechanism is moved to the appropriate position, the assistant physician can rotate the first crank 3 and rotate the first threaded rod 101. When the first threaded rod 101 rotates, it will drive the two sets of second moving rods 506 on its outer side to move. The threads on the outer side of the threaded rod 101 cause the two sets of second moving rods 506 to move in opposite directions.

[0049] For example, a support rod 4 is provided at the top of the second movable block 104, and a hook mechanism 5 is provided on the outside of the support rod 4. The hook mechanism 5 includes a hook sleeve 501, a limiting sleeve 502, a limiting button 503, a hook 504, a first fixing block 505, a second movable rod 506, and a spring 507. The hook sleeve 501 is fixed to one end of the support rod 4, the limiting sleeve 502 is provided at one end of the hook sleeve 501, the limiting button 503 is provided inside the limiting sleeve 502, the hook 504 is movably connected to the hook sleeve 501, the first fixing block 505 is fixed to one end of the hook 504, the second movable rod 506 is movably connected to the bottom end of the support rod 4, the spring 507 is provided inside the limiting button 503, and a first crank 3 is provided at one end of the first threaded rod 101. This allows the support rod 4, which is fixed to the top of the second movable block 104 at the top of the second movable rod 506, to drive the fixed... The hook mechanism 5 is deployed, and the patient is instructed to lie prone on the operating table, with the patient's back exposed between two sets of pillows on the operating table. When the surgeon makes an incision at the surgical site, the assistant surgeon can rotate the first crank 3 to rotate the first threaded rod 101. The rotation of the first threaded rod 101 causes the second moving rods 506 on both sides to move inward, thereby causing the support rod 4 fixed to the top of the second moving block 104 at the top of the second moving rod 506 to drive the fixed hook mechanism 5 to deploy. The patient is then instructed to lie prone on the operating table, with the patient's back exposed between two sets of pillows on the operating table. When the surgeon makes an incision at the surgical site, the assistant surgeon can rotate the first crank 3 to rotate the first threaded rod 101. The rotation of the first threaded rod 101 causes the second moving rods 506 on both sides to move inward.

[0050] For example, the first moving block 103 has a threaded hole that mates with the second threaded rod 102. The fixing frame 107 has two sets of bearings that mate with the second threaded rod 102. The hook mechanism 5 is moved inward. When it moves to the appropriate position, the operator can stop rotating the first crank 3. Then the assistant doctor manually presses the limit button 503 set at one end of the hook mechanism 5. When the limit button 503 is pressed, it will move into the hook sleeve 501 due to its internal structure, so that the limit button 502 is no longer locked in the limit sleeve 502. This allows the hook 504 to move up and down inside the hook sleeve 501. When the assistant doctor repeats the above operation, the multiple hooks 504 inside the hook sleeve 501 can reach the appropriate auxiliary position for the patient and then the assistant doctor will attach the muscles and skin of the patient that are obstructing the doctor's surgical field of vision to one end of the hook 504.

[0051] For example, the shifting mechanism 1 and the locking rod 202 are fixed together by welding. The locking rod 202 is provided with a bearing that cooperates with the roller 203. The shifting mechanism 1 and the locking rod 202 are fixed together by welding. The welding between the shifting mechanism 1 and the locking rod 202 ensures its stability and prevents subsequent shaking, which would affect the overall operation of the hook.

[0052] For example, the locking rod 202 is provided with a bearing that cooperates with the roller 203, the support rod 4 is provided with a groove 7 that cooperates with the second moving rod 506, the second moving rod 506 and the first fixed block 505 are limited by a rotating rod, the hook 504 is provided with a cavity, the limiting sleeve 502 is provided with a locking cavity that cooperates with the limiting button 503, and the bottom end of the fixing frame 107 is provided with a rotating rod 10. Then, the assistant physician rotates the second crank 12 and rotates the rotating rod 10 fixed at one end of the second crank 12. Then, the bevel gear set 8 provided at one end of the rotating rod 10 drives the second threaded rod 102. When the second threaded rod 102 rotates;

[0053] For example, the rotating rod 10 and the second threaded rod 102 are fixed by a bevel gear set 8. The bottom end of the fixing frame 107 is provided with multiple sets of second fixing blocks 9 that cooperate with the rotating rod 10. One end of the rotating rod 10 is provided with a second rocker 12. The thread on its outer side and the first moving block 103 that meshes with its thread on its outer side move in opposite directions. When the first moving block 103 moves, it will drive the slide rod 105 fixed inside to move. Thus, the limiting block 6 provided inside the second moving block 104 is connected to the slide rod 105, thereby driving the second moving block 104 to move longitudinally at the top of the first moving rod 106. This allows the support rod 4 fixed at the top of the second moving block 104 to move, thereby driving the hook mechanism 5 provided on the outer side and the hook 501 provided inside to move longitudinally. Thus, the movement of the hook mechanism 5 opens up the muscles and skin in the patient's surgical area that obstruct the view.

[0054] For example, a slider 11 is provided at one end of the slide rod 105, and sliding cavities that cooperate with the slider 11 are opened at both ends of the fixing frame 107. A limiting plate is provided inside the second moving block 104, and a sliding cavity that cooperates with the limiting plate is opened inside the first moving rod 106. This achieves the effect of eliminating the need for manual long-term control of the hook, which causes arm pain for the assistant physician, and can effectively control the hook. The length and width can be adjusted and locked according to the actual surgical area of ​​the patient. Furthermore, the shape of the hook 504 and the cavity opened inside it increase the overall contact area with the patient's muscles and skin, thereby preventing secondary damage caused by excessive force on a small area.

[0055] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When in use, the physician manually pushes the displacement mechanism 1 located at the bottom of the operating table, and the movement of the displacement mechanism 1 drives the locking mechanism 2 located at the four corners of the top, so that the rollers 203 inside the locking mechanism 2 can slide along the handrails on the operating table, thereby driving the displacement mechanism 1 to move in position, thereby enabling the hook mechanism 5 to move in position.

[0056] When moved to the appropriate position, the assistant physician can rotate the first crank 3, and the rotation of the first crank 3 will cause the first threaded rod 101 to rotate. When the first threaded rod 101 rotates, it will drive the two sets of second moving rods 506 set on its outer side to move, and the threads on the outer side of the threaded rod 101 will cause the two sets of second moving rods 506 to move in opposite directions.

[0057] This causes the support rod 4 fixed at the top of the second moving block 104 at the top of the second moving rod 506 to drive the fixed hook mechanism 5 to unfold. Then, the patient is instructed to lie prone on the operating table, and the patient's back is controlled to be exposed between the two sets of cushions on the operating table. Then, when the surgeon cuts open the patient's surgical site, the assistant surgeon can rotate the first crank 3 to rotate the first threaded rod 101, and the rotation of the first threaded rod 101 causes the second moving rods 506 on both sides to move inward.

[0058] This causes the hook mechanism 5 to move inward. When it moves to the appropriate position, the operator can stop rotating the first crank 3. Then, the assistant physician manually presses the limit button 503 set at one end of the hook mechanism 5. When the limit button 503 is pressed, it will move into the hook sleeve 501 due to its internal structure, so that the limit button 502 is no longer locked in the limit sleeve 502. This allows the hook 504 to move up and down inside the hook sleeve 501. When the assistant physician repeats the above operation, the multiple sets of hooks 504 inside the hook sleeve 501 can reach the appropriate auxiliary position for the patient and then the assistant physician will attach the muscles and skin of the patient that are obstructing the doctor's surgical field of vision to one end of the hook 504.

[0059] Then, the assistant physician rotates the second crank 12, which in turn rotates the rotating rod 10 fixed at one end. The bevel gear set 8 at one end of the rotating rod 10 drives the second threaded rod 102. When the second threaded rod 102 rotates, the outer thread and the first moving block 103 meshing with it move in opposite directions. When the first moving block 103 moves, it drives the slide rod 105 fixed inside to move. The limiting block 6 inside the second moving block 104 connects with the slide rod 105, which drives the second moving block 104 to move longitudinally at the top of the first moving rod 106. This causes the support rod 4 fixed at the top of the second moving block 104 to move, thereby driving the hook mechanism 5 on the outside and the hook sleeve 501 inside to move longitudinally. The movement of the hook mechanism 5 opens up the muscles and skin in the surgical area that are obstructing the patient's vision.

[0060] The above structure eliminates the need for prolonged manual control of the retractor, thus preventing arm pain for the assistant physician. It effectively controls the retractor, allowing for adjustment and locking of its length and width according to the patient's actual surgical area. Furthermore, the shape of the retractor 504 and the cavity inside it increase the overall contact area with the patient's muscles and skin, thereby preventing secondary damage caused by excessive force on a small area.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spinal surgery retractor, comprising a displacement mechanism (1), characterized in that: The shifting mechanism (1) includes a first threaded rod (101), a second threaded rod (102), a first moving block (103), a second moving block (104), a slide rod (105), a first moving rod (106), and a fixing frame (107). The first threaded rod (101) is disposed inside the fixing frame (107), and the fixing frame (107) has a through hole that mates with the first threaded rod (101). The second threaded rod (102) is disposed at the bottom end of the fixing frame (107). The first movable block (103) is disposed outside the second threaded rod (102), the second movable block (104) is disposed at the top of the first movable rod (106), the slide rod (105) is fixed inside the first movable block (103), the first movable rod (106) is disposed outside the first threaded rod (101), and the first movable rod (106) has a threaded cavity that mates with the first threaded rod (101) inside, and the fixing bracket (107) is fixed outside the first threaded rod (101); The shifting mechanism (1) is provided with a locking mechanism (2) at each of the four corners of its top end. The locking mechanism (2) includes a knob (201), a locking rod (202), a roller (203), and a rubber pad (204). The knob (201) is located inside the locking rod (202), which is fixed to the top end of the shifting mechanism (1). The roller (203) is located inside the locking rod (202), and the rubber pad (204) is fixed to one end of the knob (201). The second movable block (104) is provided with a support rod (4) at its top. A hook mechanism (5) is provided on the outside of the support rod (4). The hook mechanism (5) includes a hook sleeve (501), a limiting sleeve (502), a limiting button (503), a hook (504), a first fixing block (505), a second movable rod (506), and a spring (507). The hook sleeve (501) is fixed to one end of the support rod (4), and the limiting sleeve (502) is provided with a hook. At one end of the hook sleeve (501), the limit button (503) is located inside the limit sleeve (502), the hook (504) is movably connected to the hook sleeve (501), the first fixing block (505) is fixed at one end of the hook (504), the second moving rod (506) is movably connected to the bottom end of the support rod (4), the spring (507) is located inside the limit button (503), and a first rocker handle (3) is provided at one end of the first threaded rod (101).

2. The spinal surgery retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first movable block (103) has a threaded hole inside that mates with the second threaded rod (102), and the fixed frame (107) has two sets of bearings inside that mate with the second threaded rod (102).

3. A spinal surgery retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shifting mechanism (1) is fixed to the locking rod (202) by welding, and the locking rod (202) is provided with a bearing that cooperates with the roller (203).

4. A spinal surgery retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod (4) has a groove (7) inside that cooperates with the second moving rod (506). The second moving rod (506) and the first fixed block (505) are limited by a rotating rod.

5. A spinal surgery retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hook (504) has a cavity inside, and the limiting sleeve (502) has a locking cavity inside that cooperates with the limiting button (503).

6. A spinal surgery retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second moving block (104) is provided with a limiting block (6), and the limiting block (6) has a cavity that cooperates with the slide rod (105).

7. A spinal surgery retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the fixed frame (107) is provided with a rotating rod (10), and the rotating rod (10) and the second threaded rod (102) are fixed together by a bevel gear set (8).

8. A spinal surgery retractor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the fixed frame (107) is provided with multiple sets of second fixed blocks (9) that cooperate with the rotating rod (10), and one end of the rotating rod (10) is provided with a second rocker handle (12).

9. A spinal surgery retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide bar (105) has a slider (11) at one end, and the fixing frame (107) has sliding cavities at both ends that cooperate with the slider (11).

10. A spinal surgery retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second moving block (104) is provided with a limiting plate inside, and the first moving rod (106) is provided with a sliding cavity that cooperates with the limiting plate inside.

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