A biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air distribution

Abstract

The present invention discloses a segmented movable and independently air-distributed biomass gasification bed, comprising a reactor, a feeding mechanism and a conversion barrel, wherein the upper end of the conversion barrel is detachably connected with a smoke pipe for transmission, the inner wall of the smoke pipe is fixedly connected with a filter shell for filtering, the inner wall of the conversion barrel is clamped with a stirring shaft for rotation, the outer surface of the stirring shaft is fixedly connected with a fan blade, the lower end of the conversion barrel is fixedly connected with a driving motor, and the output end of the driving motor passes through one side of the conversion barrel and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the stirring shaft. The segmented movable and independently air-distributed biomass gasification bed, through the coordinated arrangement of the smoke pipe and the filter shell, can perform preliminary filtering of the discharged flue gas, intercept and absorb some larger particles of dust and condensed tar and other impurities in the flue gas, reduce the impurity content in the subsequent discharged flue gas, protect the subsequent connected equipment to a certain extent, and avoid problems such as blockage and corrosion caused by excessive impurities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass gasification beds, in particular to a biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air distribution. Background Art

[0002] Biomass gasification bed is a device that converts biomass raw materials such as crop straw, forestry waste, sawdust, etc. into combustible gas with main components including carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, etc. in a specific reaction bed under certain temperature, pressure and gasification agent, usually air, oxygen, water vapor, etc. through thermochemical conversion process. It aims to realize the transformation of biomass energy into clean and easy-to-use gaseous energy form. It has a relatively simple and compact structure, generally composed of a feeding device, a gasification reaction zone, a grate, an ash discharge device, and a gas production collection and purification system. The biomass raw materials are added from the top and slowly move downward under the action of gravity. After drying, pyrolysis, oxidation and reduction and other reaction zones, the gasification process is gradually completed. The grate is located at the bottom to support the biomass material and enable the generated ash to be discharged smoothly.

[0003] The biomass gasification bed structure consists of four areas: drying section, pyrolysis section, oxidation section, and reduction section. Each reaction zone corresponds to a fan. The four main reaction sections, namely the drying section, pyrolysis section, oxidation section, and reduction section, are equipped with independent fans or air supply devices. The fan's air volume, air pressure and other parameters are precisely designed and adjusted according to the requirements of the amount of oxygen and air flow velocity required for each reaction section. For example, the oxidation section requires relatively more oxygen to maintain a strong oxidation reaction, and the corresponding fan air supply volume will be larger. In order to create a relatively oxygen-deficient environment to promote biomass pyrolysis, the fan air supply volume is smaller in the pyrolysis section. Through independent air distribution, the most suitable oxygen content, airflow conditions, etc. can be accurately provided for each reaction stage, so that the reaction in each stage proceeds according to the ideal state, thereby effectively reducing the generation of impurities such as tar, increasing the content of effective components such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane in the combustible gas, and improving the calorific value and quality of the produced gas.

[0004] The high-quality combustible gas produced can be used as fuel for power generation equipment such as gas turbines and internal combustion engines, and can be used in biomass power plants to convert biomass energy into electrical energy to supply power to the power grid. It has good environmental benefits and sustainable energy utilization value. The purified combustible gas can be directly used to provide living or production heat for residents, industrial enterprises, etc., such as for centralized heating systems in residential areas, steam supply in industrial plants, etc. It can also be further processed and blended and incorporated into the natural gas pipeline network as a supplementary gas source to alleviate the pressure on natural gas supply, expand the application of biomass energy in the field of energy supply, and produce chemical raw materials. The combustible gas rich in components such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen can be used as synthesis gas for the production of chemical products such as methanol and synthetic ammonia after being treated by specific chemical processes, further extending the industrial chain of biomass energy in the chemical field and improving the comprehensive utilization value of biomass resources.

[0005] However, the existing devices have the following problems:

[0006] After completing the thermochemical conversion process, a relatively large amount of tar, dust and other impurities often remain in the exhaust flue gas. Some tar cannot be fully cracked and converted, and the dust will be carried out with the airflow, which can easily pollute the external environment. Summary of the invention

[0007] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0008] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a segmented movable and independently air-distributed biomass gasification bed, which has the advantages of less residue in the exhausted flue gas, and solves the problem of insufficient cracking and conversion, and dust being entrained with the airflow.

[0009] (II) Technical solution

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a segmented movable and independently air-distributed biomass gasification bed, comprising a reactor, a feeding mechanism and a conversion barrel, the upper end of the conversion barrel is detachably connected with a smoke pipe for transmission, the inner wall of the smoke pipe is fixedly connected with a filter shell for filtration, the inner wall of the conversion barrel is clamped with a stirring shaft for rotation, the outer surface of the stirring shaft is fixedly connected with fan blades, the lower end of the conversion barrel is fixedly connected with a drive motor, the output end of the drive motor passes through one side of the conversion barrel and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the stirring shaft, and the side of the conversion barrel is detachably connected with a smoke outlet pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a discharge pipe for transmission is detachably connected to the lower end of the conversion barrel, and a valve for control is clamped on the outer surface of the discharge pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a force-bearing foot for support is fixedly connected to the lower end of the conversion barrel, and a rubber block for anti-slip is fixedly connected to the lower end of the force-bearing foot.

[0013] Preferably, an air inlet pipe for transmission is fixedly connected to the side of the reactor, and a main pipe is clamped on the side of the air inlet pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the main pipe is connected to a compressor via a hose, and a control valve is clamped on the side of the main pipe.

[0015] Preferably, a limiting frame for support is sleeved on the outer surface of the reactor, and a threaded column for fastening is inserted at the upper end of the limiting frame.

[0016] Preferably, the feeding mechanism comprises a support frame, and a funnel is clamped on the upper end of the support frame.

[0017] Preferably, the lower end of the funnel is fixedly connected with a pipeline, and one end of the pipeline is clamped with a feed pipe.

[0018] Preferably, a spiral feeder is clamped on the inner wall of the feed pipe, and an auxiliary motor is connected to the side of the feed pipe by bolts.

[0019] (III) Beneficial effects

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air distribution, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The segmented movable and independently air-distributed biomass gasification bed can perform preliminary filtering of the exhausted flue gas through the coordinated arrangement of the smoke pipe and the filter shell, and can intercept and absorb some larger particles of dust and condensed tar and other impurities in the flue gas, reduce the impurity content in the subsequent exhausted flue gas, and to a certain extent protect the subsequent connected equipment to avoid problems such as blockage and corrosion caused by excessive impurities. The smoke that has completed the preliminary filtration is sent to the interior of the conversion barrel, and with the help of the coordinated arrangement of the stirring shaft, fan blades and drive motor, and the driving force generated by the drive motor, the stirring shaft and fan blades are driven to rotate rapidly, so that the smoke and fan blades collide with each other, and the relatively large tar particles will hit the wall of the fan blades, and then condense and settle down, so as to achieve separation of the gas and tar, and avoid the problem that tar dust will be entrained with the airflow, which is more likely to cause pollution to the external environment. After the filtration is completed, the filtered smoke is quickly discharged with the help of the smoke outlet pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a biomass gasification bed structure with segmented movement and independent air distribution;

[0023] Figure 2The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a biomass gasification bed conversion barrel structure with segmented movement and independent air distribution;

[0024] Figure 3 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a biomass gasification bed stirring shaft structure with segmented movement and independent air distribution;

[0025] Figure 4 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a biomass gasification bed smoke pipe structure with segmented movement and independent air distribution;

[0026] Figure 5 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a biomass gasification bed main structure with segmented movement and independent air distribution;

[0027] Figure 6 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a biomass gasification bed feed pipe with segmented movement and independent air distribution.

[0028] In the figure: 1, reactor; 2, feeding mechanism; 3, conversion barrel; 4, smoke pipe; 5, filter shell; 6, stirring shaft; 7, fan blade; 8, driving motor; 9, smoke outlet pipe; 10, outlet pipe; 11, valve; 12, force foot; 13, rubber block; 14, air inlet pipe; 15, main pipe; 16, compressor; 17, control valve; 18, limit frame; 19, threaded column; 201, support frame; 202, funnel; 203, pipeline; 204, feed pipe; 205, screw feeder; 206, auxiliary motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figure 1-6 , comprising a reaction kettle 1, a feeding mechanism 2 and a conversion barrel 3, the lower end of the conversion barrel 3 is detachably connected with a discharge pipe 10 for transmission, the outer surface of the discharge pipe 10 is clamped with a valve 11 for control, the lower end of the conversion barrel 3 is fixedly connected with a force-bearing foot 12 for support, and the lower end of the force-bearing foot 12 is fixedly connected with a rubber block 13 for anti-slip;

[0031] With the help of the setting of the discharge pipe 10, after the reaction is completed, the solid product generated in the conversion barrel 3 is discharged, which is convenient for regular cleaning of the remaining solid materials in the conversion barrel 3 to ensure the normal operation of the conversion barrel 3 in the future. The valve 11 is used to control the opening and closing of the discharge pipe 10 and the flow rate of the discharge, and determine when and at what speed to discharge the solid product to ensure the controllability of the discharge process. With the help of the coordinated setting of the force-bearing foot 12 and the rubber block 13, the overall weight of the conversion barrel 3 is supported, and the gravity of the conversion barrel 3 is evenly dispersed and transmitted to the ground or the installation platform, ensuring that the conversion barrel 3 can be stably placed and providing reliable basic support;

[0032] See also Figure 2-6 , the upper end of the conversion barrel 3 is detachably connected with a smoke pipe 4 for transmission, the side of the reactor 1 is fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe 14 for transmission, the side of the air inlet pipe 14 is clamped with a main pipe 15, the lower end of the main pipe 15 is connected with a compressor 16 through a hose, the side of the main pipe 15 is clamped with a control valve 17, the outer surface of the reactor 1 is sleeved with a limit frame 18 for support, the upper end of the limit frame 18 is plugged with a threaded column 19 for fastening, the inner wall of the smoke pipe 4 is fixedly connected with a filter housing 5 for filtering, the inner wall of the conversion barrel 3 is clamped with a stirring shaft 6 for rotation, the outer surface of the stirring shaft 6 is fixedly connected with a fan blade 7, the lower end of the conversion barrel 3 is fixedly connected with a drive motor 8, the output end of the drive motor 8 passes through one side of the conversion barrel 3 and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the stirring shaft 6;

[0033] The limiting frame 18 is sleeved on the outer surface of the reactor 1 to support and limit the reactor 1, ensure that the reactor 1 is in a stable position during operation, prevent it from shaking, deflecting, etc., and also provide additional auxiliary support force for the reactor 1 to enhance the stability of the entire device structure. With the help of the setting of the threaded column 19, the limiting frame 18 can be more conveniently fixed to the upper end of the ground. At the same time, the side of the main pipe 15 is clamped with the air inlet pipe 14, and the lower end is connected to the compressor 16 through a hose, which plays a role in transmitting gas, and the gasifying agent delivered from the compressor 16 is gathered and guided to the air inlet pipe 14, and then delivered to the reactor 1. At the same time, multiple air inlet pipes 14 are installed on the side of the reactor 1. When the interior of the reactor 1 is distributed with air, the air can be more conveniently delivered to different areas inside the reactor 1. The outer surface of the air inlet pipe 14 is also provided with a control valve 17, which can facilitate the staff to control the gas flow rate flowing into the reactor 1 through the air inlet pipe 14, and the control valve 17 can also more conveniently control the flow rate inside the main pipe 15;

[0034] See also Figure 1-5The side of the conversion barrel 3 is detachably connected with a smoke outlet pipe 9, and the feeding mechanism 2 includes a support frame 201, a funnel 202 is clamped on the upper end of the support frame 201, and a pipe 203 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the funnel 202, and a feeding pipe 204 is clamped on one end of the pipe 203, and a spiral feeder 205 is clamped on the inner wall of the feeding pipe 204, and an auxiliary motor 206 is connected to the side of the feeding pipe 204 by bolts;

[0035] The support frame 201 plays the role of supporting the entire feeding mechanism 2, ensuring that the feeding mechanism 2 can be stably placed in the corresponding position, providing a stable installation foundation for the upper funnel 202 and other components, so that the smoothness of feeding will not be affected by shaking during the feeding process. The funnel 202 is used to receive and temporarily store biomass raw materials. Its large opening design is convenient for operators to pour biomass, which plays the role of initially gathering raw materials, and then with the help of pipeline 203, the biomass raw materials are sent to the inside of the feeding pipe 204. The feeding pipe 204 is a direct channel for the biomass raw materials to enter the reactor 1, and the raw materials transmitted through the funnel 202 and the pipeline 203 are accurately transported to the reactor 1, providing a continuous source of materials for the reaction. At the same time, the auxiliary motor 206 is started, and the screw feeder 205 is driven to rotate by the auxiliary motor 206. Its spiral blades can continuously push the biomass raw materials forward to achieve a uniform, stable and controllable feeding effect.

[0036] The electrical components mentioned in this article are all connected to an external main controller and 220V mains electricity, and the main controller can be a conventional known device for controlling a computer or the like.

[0037] In summary, when the segmented active and independently air-distributed biomass gasifier is in use, the operator pours the biomass raw material into the hopper 202 of the feeding mechanism 2. After the raw material is collected in the hopper 202, it falls into the feeding pipe 204 through the pipeline 203, and the auxiliary motor 206 is started. The auxiliary motor 206 drives the screw feeder 205 to rotate, and the spiral blades of the screw feeder 205 continuously push the biomass raw material in the feeding pipe 204 forward, and the biomass raw material is stably and evenly fed according to the set feeding speed. The gasification agent is transported to the reactor 1 to continuously provide materials for the gasification reaction. The compressor 16 is started. The compressor 16 sucks in and compresses the outside air, and then transports it to the main pipe 15 through a hose. The main pipe 15 then guides the gasification agent to converge to each inlet pipe 14. The flow rate, pressure and other parameters of the gasification agent entering different areas of the reactor 1 are accurately controlled by the control valve 17 on the outer surface of the inlet pipe 14. According to the preset air distribution plan, suitable air is provided for the drying, pyrolysis, oxidation, reduction and other reactions of the biomass raw materials in the reactor 1. The gas environment ensures that the gasification reaction proceeds in an orderly manner, so that the biomass raw materials are gradually converted. While the gasification reaction is carried out in the reactor 1, the generated mixed gas enters the conversion barrel 3 connected thereto through the smoke pipe 4 to continue the subsequent processing process. After the mixed gas enters the conversion barrel 3, it is first filtered by the filter shell 5 in the smoke pipe 4. The filter shell 5 intercepts and absorbs some larger particles of dust in the flue gas and some impurities such as tar that may condense, and performs preliminary filtration on the discharged flue gas to reduce the impurity content in the subsequent flue gas. The drive motor 8 is started, and the drive motor 8 drives the stirring shaft 6 to rotate. The stirring shaft 6 drives the fan blade 7 to rotate rapidly. The rotating fan blade 7 collides with the flue gas, and relatively large tar particles will hit the wall of the fan blade 7, and then condense and settle down, so as to achieve further separation of the flue gas and tar, and avoid excessive tar and dust being entrained with the airflow to pollute the external environment. The flue gas after preliminary filtration by the filter shell 5 and further separation of tar by the stirring shaft 6 and the fan blade 7 is quickly discharged through the smoke outlet pipe 9 on the side of the conversion barrel 3.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise one" do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air distribution, comprising a reaction kettle (1), a feeding mechanism (2) and a conversion barrel (3), characterized in that: The upper end of the conversion barrel (3) is detachably connected to a smoke pipe (4) for transmission, the inner wall of the smoke pipe (4) is fixedly connected to a filter housing (5) for filtering, the inner wall of the conversion barrel (3) is clamped with a stirring shaft (6) for rotation, the outer surface of the stirring shaft (6) is fixedly connected to a fan blade (7), the lower end of the conversion barrel (3) is fixedly connected to a drive motor (8), the output end of the drive motor (8) passes through one side of the conversion barrel (3) and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the stirring shaft (6), and the side of the conversion barrel (3) is detachably connected to a smoke outlet pipe (9).

2. The biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower end of the conversion barrel (3) is detachably connected to a discharge pipe (10) for transmission, and a valve (11) for control is clamped on the outer surface of the discharge pipe (10).

3. The biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower end of the conversion barrel (3) is fixedly connected to a force-bearing foot (12) for support, and the lower end of the force-bearing foot (12) is fixedly connected to a rubber block (13) for anti-slip.

4. The biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An air intake pipe (14) for transmission is fixedly connected to the side of the reaction kettle (1), and a main pipe (15) is clamped to the side of the air intake pipe (14).

5. The biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air distribution according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The lower end of the main pipe (15) is connected to a compressor (16) via a hose, and a control valve (17) is clamped on the side of the main pipe (15).

6. The biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the reaction kettle (1) is sleeved with a limiting frame (18) for support, and the upper end of the limiting frame (18) is plugged with a threaded column (19) for fastening.

7. The biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (2) comprises a support frame (201), and a funnel (202) is clamped on the upper end of the support frame (201).

8. The biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air distribution according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The lower end of the funnel (202) is fixedly connected to a pipeline (203), and one end of the pipeline (203) is clamped with a feed pipe (204).

9. The biomass gasification bed with segmented movement and independent air distribution according to claim 8, characterized in that: A screw feeder (205) is clamped on the inner wall of the feed pipe (204), and an auxiliary motor (206) is connected to the side of the feed pipe (204) via bolts.

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