An energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage
By combining rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage technology in buildings, the problem of incomplete phase change cycle of existing energy-saving walls of phase change materials when the ambient temperature changes is changed, more efficient rainwater resource utilization and energy management are achieved, building energy consumption is reduced and resource conservation performance of green buildings is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510006366.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-04
AI Technical Summary
When the ambient temperature of existing phase change material energy-saving walls, the phase change cycle is not thorough, the structure is complicated, the installation is inconvenient, and the problem of secondary energy consumption is present.
The energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase-change materials heat storage is adopted. By setting up a rainwater collection pool and water collection pipe on the roof, the rainwater is drained to the phase-change material layer in the exterior wall, and the phase-change materials absorb and release heat to adjust the indoor temperature, and heat management is assisted by solar photovoltaic heat collection and radiation heat dissipation devices.
Effectively promote the recycling and utilization of rainwater resources, reduce the disturbance of environmental temperature changes on the indoor temperature of the building, reduce building energy consumption, improve the resource conservation performance of green buildings, solve the problems of incomplete phase change material circulation and secondary energy consumption, and achieve more efficient energy conservation and emission reduction effects.
Smart Images
Figure CN119754450A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy-saving buildings, and in particular to an energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage. Background Art
[0002] Phase change material (PCM) undergoes a phase change from solid to liquid when heated to its melting temperature. During the melting process, the PCM absorbs and stores a large amount of latent heat. When the PCM cools, the stored heat is dissipated into the environment within a certain temperature range, undergoing a reverse phase change from liquid to solid. In the field of energy-saving buildings, it is used to regulate indoor temperature by absorbing and releasing heat.
[0003] However, in actual applications, phase change materials may not fully liquefy due to low ambient temperature, or may not fully solidify due to high ambient temperature, thus failing to form an ideal phase change cycle and reducing energy efficiency. There are usually two solutions to this problem in the prior art. One is to set two phase change materials with different melting points in the wall, and use specially designed devices to enable different phase change materials to replace each other so that they can function at different ambient temperatures. However, since this technology requires additional mechanical and electric devices, the structure is complex and causes instability in the wall structure, and the application effect is poor. The other is to use an active phase change wall and use other energy sources to make the phase change material form a complete phase change cycle. However, the limitation of this technology is that it causes secondary consumption of other energy sources, which is not conducive to energy conservation, emission reduction and resource conservation. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the defects of existing phase change material energy-saving walls, the present invention proposes an energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage, so as to improve the energy-saving and emission reduction effects and resource-saving performance of buildings.
[0005] The energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to the present invention comprises: an energy-saving wall body, the energy-saving wall body comprises a roof and an outer wall; a rainwater collection and utilization device arranged on the roof and a water collection pipe for draining rainwater from the roof to the rainwater collection and utilization device, and a heat storage device arranged in the outer wall, the heat storage device comprises a phase change material layer arranged inside the outer wall and a rainwater conduit embedded in the phase change material layer, and the rainwater conduit is connected to the rainwater collection and utilization device. The rainwater collection and utilization device comprises a rainwater collection pool arranged on the roof, the rainwater collection pool comprises a winter working pool and a summer working pool, the winter working pool comprises a first pool body and a solar photovoltaic heat collection device arranged on the top of the first pool body, the summer working pool comprises a second pool body and a radiation heat dissipation device arranged on the second pool body, and when one of the winter working pool and the summer working pool is working, the other is not working.
[0006] Furthermore, the exterior wall includes a mortar layer, a thermal insulation layer, a base layer and a plaster layer which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the phase change material layer is located between the base layer and the plaster layer.
[0007] Furthermore, the water collection pipeline includes a water collection main pipe connected to the rainwater collection tank and a plurality of water collection branch pipes connected to the water collection main pipe at the same time, and each of the water collection branch pipes is distributed at different water collection points on the roof.
[0008] Furthermore, the water collecting branch pipes are arranged at the edge of the roof.
[0009] Furthermore, a first filtering device is provided at the connection between the rainwater collection tank and the water collection pipe.
[0010] Furthermore, the rainwater conduit includes a first conduit located in the phase change material layer and a second conduit connected to the first conduit and located on the roof, the second conduit is connected to the rainwater collection tank, and the first conduit is bent in the phase change material layer in a serpentine arrangement.
[0011] Furthermore, a valve is arranged on the second conduit.
[0012] Furthermore, a second filtering device is provided between the valve and the rainwater collection tank.
[0013] Furthermore, the second conduit can be selectively connected to a heating pipeline in the house.
[0014] Furthermore, the first cell body is communicated with the second cell body.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage of the present invention aims at the defects of the existing phase change material energy-saving wall, the limitations of the existing energy-saving technology and the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction of low-energy buildings and resource conservation of green buildings. On the one hand, it can effectively promote the recycling and utilization of rainwater resources, and at the same time reduce the disturbance of the indoor temperature of the building caused by the ambient temperature change, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the building, improving the resource conservation performance of the green building, and achieving the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction; on the other hand, it solves the problems of incomplete phase change cycle of traditional phase change material walls, complex structure and inconvenient installation, and secondary energy consumption; in addition, by combining rainwater collection and utilization technology, solar energy heat storage technology and phase change material technology, a building integrated energy-saving technology is formed, which can be applied to low-energy buildings and green buildings, reduce building energy consumption and improve building resource conservation performance, with stronger applicability, higher energy-saving efficiency and better green performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic side elevational cross-sectional view of the exterior wall is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0019] Figure 1 The structure of an energy-saving wall 100 based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the energy-saving wall 100 based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage may include: an energy-saving wall body, the energy-saving wall body includes a roof 102 and an outer wall 101; a rainwater collection and utilization device arranged on the roof 102 and a water collection pipe 6 for draining rainwater from the roof to the rainwater collection and utilization device, and a heat storage device arranged in the outer wall 101, the heat storage device may include a phase change material layer 12 arranged inside the outer wall 101 and a rainwater conduit 13 embedded in the phase change material layer 12, and the rainwater conduit 13 is connected to the rainwater collection and utilization device. Among them, the rainwater collection and utilization device may include a rainwater collection pool arranged on the roof 102, the rainwater collection pool may include a winter working pool 1 and a summer working pool 2, the winter working pool 1 may include a first pool body 11 and a solar photovoltaic heat collection device 3 arranged on the top of the first pool body 11, the summer working pool 2 may include a second pool body 21 and a radiation heat dissipation device 4 arranged on the second pool body 21, and when one of the winter working pool 1 and the summer working pool 2 is working, the other is not working.
[0020] When the energy-saving wall 100 based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage in the embodiment of the present invention is in use, the winter working pool 1 and the summer working pool 2 are selectively used according to the actual season. The winter working pool 1 can be used in autumn and winter, and the summer working pool 2 can be used in spring and summer. Rainwater or snow water enters the rainwater collection and utilization device through the water collection pipe 6 for storage. During the daytime in summer, the phase change material layer 12 absorbs heat and melts to store heat, thereby delaying the time for the indoor temperature to rise and maintaining a stable indoor temperature. During the nighttime in summer, the rainwater in the summer working pool 2 is dissipated by the radiation heat dissipation device 4 and then introduced into the rainwater conduit 13, so that the phase change material layer 12 solidifies to release heat. Subsequently, the rainwater in the rainwater conduit 13 takes away the heat and flows back to the summer working pool 2 and continues to radiate and dissipate heat through the radiation heat dissipation device 4. During the daytime in winter, the rainwater in the winter working pool 1 absorbs solar radiation and stores heat through the solar photovoltaic collector 3 and then is introduced into the rainwater conduit 13, so that the phase change material layer 12 melts and stores heat. During the nighttime in winter, the phase change material layer 12 solidifies and releases heat when it is cold, thereby delaying the time for the room temperature to drop and maintaining a stable room temperature.
[0021] The energy-saving wall 100 based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage in the embodiment of the present invention can, on the one hand, effectively promote the recycling and utilization of rainwater resources, while reducing the disturbance of ambient temperature changes on the indoor temperature of the building, thereby reducing building energy consumption, improving the resource-saving performance of green buildings, and achieving the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction; on the other hand, it solves the problems of incomplete phase change cycle of traditional phase change material walls, complex structure and inconvenient installation, and secondary energy consumption; in addition, by combining rainwater collection and utilization technology, solar energy heat storage technology, and phase change material technology, an integrated building energy-saving technology is formed, which can be applied to low-energy buildings and green buildings, reduce building energy consumption and improve building resource conservation performance, with stronger applicability, higher energy-saving efficiency and better green performance.
[0022] In such Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the preferred embodiment shown, the exterior wall 101 may include a mortar layer 9 , an insulation layer 10 , a base layer 11 and a plaster layer 14 arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the phase change material layer 12 is located between the base layer 11 and the plaster layer 14 .
[0023] According to the present invention, in Figure 1 In the preferred embodiment shown, the water collection pipe 6 may include a water collection main pipe 7 connected to the rainwater collection tank and a plurality of water collection branch pipes 61 connected to the water collection main pipe 7, and each water collection branch pipe 61 is distributed at different water collection points on the roof 102. This arrangement facilitates more efficient collection of rainwater into the rainwater collection tank.
[0024] Preferably, in order to further improve the rainwater collection efficiency, each water collecting branch pipe 61 may be arranged at the edge of the roof 102 .
[0025] In such Figure 1 In the preferred embodiment shown, a first filtering device 5 may be provided at the connection between the rainwater collection pool and the water collection pipe 6, which is used to filter the rainwater before entering the rainwater collection pool to ensure that the rainwater entering the rainwater collection pool is purer to protect the rainwater conduit 13.
[0026] According to the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the rainwater conduit 13 may include a first conduit 131 located in the phase change material layer 12 and a second conduit 132 connected to the first conduit 131 and located on the roof 102, the second conduit 132 is connected to the rainwater collection tank, and the first conduit 131 is bent in a serpentine arrangement in the phase change material layer 12. This arrangement can increase the distribution area of the first conduit 131, thereby increasing its contact area with the phase change material layer 12, which helps to make the circulation of the phase change material layer 12 more thorough.
[0027] Preferably, if Figure 1As shown, a valve 8 may be provided on the second conduit 132 for controlling the connection or disconnection between the rainwater collection tank and the rainwater conduit 13 .
[0028] Furthermore, a second filtering device (not shown in the figure) can be arranged between the valve 8 and the rainwater collection pool, which is used to filter the rainwater in the rainwater collection pool before entering the rainwater conduit 13, thereby further protecting the rainwater conduit 13 and preventing the rainwater conduit 13 from affecting the heat transfer effect and causing corrosion to its inner wall due to impurities.
[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the second conduit 132 can also be selectively connected to the heating pipeline in the house. This setting is used to introduce rainwater carrying heat into the heating pipeline for indoor heating when needed, which can further improve the applicability and practicality of the energy-saving wall 100 based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage, and at the same time be more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
[0030] In another preferred embodiment, the first pool body 11 and the second pool body 21 can be connected to increase the water collection capacity of the rainwater collection pool. Of course, the first pool body 11 and the second pool body 21 can also be two independent pool bodies to facilitate the separate control of water inlet and outlet of the two pool bodies.
[0031] According to the present invention, the phase change material in the phase change material layer can be any one of an inorganic PCM and an organic PCM. The inorganic PCM can be a crystalline hydrated salt, a molten salt, a metal or an alloy, etc., preferably a crystalline hydrated salt, such as Na2SO4·10H2O, MgCl2·6H2O, CaCl2·6H2O, etc. These crystalline hydrated salts have a large heat of fusion and a fixed melting point, are cheap, have a large thermal conductivity, and a large heat storage density; the organic PCM can be an organic substance such as paraffin, acetic acid, asphalt, etc.
[0032] In order to overcome the problems of liquid phase migration or leakage that may occur during the use of liquid phase change materials, the phase change materials can also be prepared into fine droplets for encapsulation, or the phase change materials can be adsorbed into porous particles by physical adsorption or chemical adsorption using hollow porous solid carriers, and then sealed to prepare composite phase changers. Common carriers may include gypsum board, wood board, ceramsite, concrete, cement fiberboard, fly ash hollow balls, activated carbon artificial granular materials, diatomaceous earth, clay, straw, kaolin, etc.
[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention belongs.
[0034] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.
[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage, characterized in that: include: The energy-saving wall body includes a roof and an outer wall. a rainwater collection and utilization device disposed on the roof and a water collection pipe for draining rainwater from the roof to the rainwater collection and utilization device, and a heat storage device disposed in the outer wall, the heat storage device comprising a phase change material layer disposed inside the outer wall and a rainwater conduit embedded in the phase change material layer, the rainwater conduit being connected to the rainwater collection and utilization device, Wherein, the rainwater collection and utilization device includes a rainwater collection pool arranged on the roof, the rainwater collection pool includes a winter working pool and a summer working pool, the winter working pool includes a first pool body and a solar photovoltaic collector arranged on the top of the first pool body, the summer working pool includes a second pool body and a radiation heat dissipation device arranged on the second pool body, when one of the winter working pool and the summer working pool is working, the other is not working.
2. The energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The exterior wall comprises a mortar layer, a thermal insulation layer, a base layer and a plaster layer which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the phase change material layer is located between the base layer and the plaster layer.
3. The energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: The water collection pipeline includes a water collection main pipe connected to the rainwater collection tank and a plurality of water collection branch pipes connected to the water collection main pipe at the same time, and each of the water collection branch pipes is distributed at different water collection points on the roof.
4. The energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The water collecting branch pipes are arranged at the edge of the roof.
5. The energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A first filtering device is provided at the connection between the rainwater collection pool and the water collection pipe.
6. The energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rainwater conduit comprises a first conduit located in the phase change material layer and a second conduit connected to the first conduit and located on the roof, the second conduit is connected to the rainwater collection pool, and the first conduit is bent in the phase change material layer in a serpentine arrangement.
7. The energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The second conduit is provided with a valve.
8. The energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A second filtering device is arranged between the valve and the rainwater collecting pool.
9. The energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The second conduit can also be selectively connected to a heating pipeline in the house.
10. The energy-saving wall based on rainwater collection and utilization and phase change material heat storage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first cell body is communicated with the second cell body.