Dynamic strength testing device and method for rock specimens

Abstract

This invention discloses a dynamic strength testing device and method for rock samples, relating to the field of materials testing technology. The dynamic strength testing device includes a base frame, an experimental rod structure, and an excitation structure. The experimental rod structure includes an incident rod and a transmission rod, both mounted on the base frame along an axis in a first direction. The incident rod is movable along the first direction, and a test area is formed between corresponding ends of the incident rod and the transmission rod. The excitation structure includes an impact element and a reset element. The impact element is mounted on the base frame at the end of the incident rod furthest from the test area, and the impact structure is movable in the first direction. In this solution, the reset element replaces the traditional manual "bullet" filling action, greatly improving operational convenience and testing efficiency. Furthermore, it solves the problem of unstable output torque of the incident rod affecting the accuracy of test results when the filling is incomplete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of materials testing technology, and in particular to a dynamic strength testing device and method for rock samples. Background Technology

[0002] The tensile strength of rock is less than its compressive strength, and tensile failure is a major factor causing damage to rocks or rock masses. Therefore, understanding the tensile properties of rock materials under tensile loads is of great significance for the design and construction of rock structures.

[0003] Currently, the main testing method for measuring the tensile strength of rocks is the splitting method. However, traditional testing devices are mostly simple in structure, generally using vertical impact to break the sample. This uniaxial testing method suffers from problems such as load eccentricity, specimen asymmetry, and stress concentration, which can affect the accuracy of the test results. This proposal suggests a dynamic strength testing device and method for rock samples, employing a horizontal testing structure. During the test, the "bullet" structure used for impact is manually reset and reloaded, effectively improving testing efficiency while ensuring accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose a dynamic strength testing device and method for rock samples, aiming to solve the problems of low testing efficiency and easily affected accuracy of test results in traditional testing devices.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the dynamic strength testing device for rock samples proposed in this invention includes:

[0006] Base frame;

[0007] The experimental rod structure includes an incident rod and a transmission rod, both of which are mounted on the base frame along an axis in a first direction. The incident rod is movably arranged along the first direction, and a test area is formed between corresponding ends of the incident rod and the transmission rod; and...

[0008] The excitation structure includes an impactor and a resetor. The impactor is mounted on the base frame at the end of the incident rod away from the test area. The impactor is movably disposed in the first direction, and its movement includes an initial position and an excitation position. The resetor is disposed on the base frame and connected to the impactor, so as to drive the impactor to move from the excitation position to the initial position.

[0009] The first direction is the horizontal direction.

[0010] In one embodiment, the excitation structure further includes a housing, which is disposed on the base frame along the first direction;

[0011] The impact member has a contact end corresponding to the incident rod, the impact member is slidably installed inside the housing, and the contact end is located outside the housing;

[0012] The impact member has a first cavity formed in the inner cavity of the housing corresponding to one end of the incident rod, and the reset member is connected to the first cavity.

[0013] In one embodiment, the reset element includes:

[0014] A protective shell is provided on the base frame;

[0015] A buffer cylinder, disposed within the protective shell, is provided with a flexible portion; the first cavity and the buffer cylinder are connected via a conductive tube; and...

[0016] An air supply device, the output end of which is connected to the inner cavity of the protective shell.

[0017] In one embodiment, the end of the impact member away from the incident rod forms a second cavity in the inner cavity of the housing;

[0018] The excitation structure further includes a pneumatic output component, which comprises:

[0019] A high-pressure air source is located on the base frame; and,

[0020] The output pipe has one end located at the output end of the high-pressure gas source and the other end connected to the second cavity. An electric control valve is provided on the output end.

[0021] The impact component is also provided with an air passage structure, one end of which is connected to the second cavity for exhausting the second cavity.

[0022] In one embodiment, an elongated vent hole extending along the first direction is provided on the arc-shaped outer wall of the shell, and the elongated vent hole includes a first end and a second end.

[0023] The air passage structure includes an air passage body and a valve unit. The air inlet end of the air passage body is connected to the second cavity, and the valve unit is located at the air inlet end of the air passage body. The exhaust end of the air passage structure is set corresponding to the elongated air hole.

[0024] The initial position is when the exhaust end of the airway body corresponds to the second end, and the activation position is located between the first end and the second end.

[0025] In one embodiment, the impact member has a groove structure recessed into the interior at one end corresponding to the second cavity. The groove structure includes an annular groove and a trapezoidal groove. The annular groove is located at one end of the impact member corresponding to the second cavity, and the trapezoidal groove is connected to the annular groove. The cross-sectional area of ​​the trapezoidal groove gradually decreases from the annular groove towards the interior of the impact member.

[0026] The valve unit is located inside the annular groove.

[0027] In one embodiment, the end of the impact member away from the incident rod forms a second cavity in the inner cavity of the housing;

[0028] The housing is provided with a stop ring on the inner wall of one end corresponding to the second cavity, and the stop ring is used to stop the impact member at one end corresponding to the second cavity;

[0029] Furthermore, a plurality of springs are provided between one end of the impact member and the inner wall of the housing.

[0030] In one embodiment, the dynamic strength testing device for rock samples further includes a temperature control structure, the temperature control structure comprising:

[0031] A furnace body, mounted on the base frame corresponding to the test area, is used to provide a high-temperature or low-temperature environment; the furnace body is equipped with a furnace door; and...

[0032] An air blowing component is used to blow hot air, and the output end of the air blowing component is set corresponding to the furnace door.

[0033] This invention also proposes a method for testing the dynamic strength of rock samples, the method being based on a dynamic strength testing device for rock samples, the device comprising:

[0034] Base frame;

[0035] The experimental rod structure includes an incident rod and a transmission rod, both of which are mounted on the base frame along an axis in a first direction. The incident rod is movably arranged along the first direction, and a test area is formed between corresponding ends of the incident rod and the transmission rod; and...

[0036] The excitation structure includes an impactor and a resetor. The impactor is mounted on the base frame at the end of the incident rod away from the test area. The impactor is movably disposed in the first direction, and its movement stroke includes an initial position and an excitation position. The resetor is disposed on the base frame and connected to the impactor, so as to drive the impactor to move from the excitation position to the initial position.

[0037] The first direction is the horizontal direction;

[0038] The dynamic strength testing method for rock samples includes the following steps:

[0039] Preset the furnace body test temperature, turn on the furnace body, and create a low-temperature environment;

[0040] Once the temperature inside the furnace reaches the preset temperature, place the rock sample to be tested into the furnace, close the furnace door, and perform low-temperature treatment on the rock sample.

[0041] Place the rock sample in the test area, control the high-pressure gas source and the electric control valve to make the impactor strike the incident rod;

[0042] The rock sample in the test area is broken by an incident rod, and the relevant test data is stored.

[0043] In one embodiment, placing a rock sample in the test area includes:

[0044] Adjust the orientation of the rock sample within the test area so that the axis of the rock sample coincides with the axis in the first direction;

[0045] One end face of the rock sample is attached to one end face of the transmission rod.

[0046] The technical solution of this invention involves the impactor generating instantaneous high-speed motion in a first direction and striking one end of the incident rod at the excitation position, thereby shattering the rock sample in the test area. After the rock sample is shattered, the reset component can drive the impactor to automatically reset relatively slowly in the first direction, allowing the impactor to return to its initial position stably and accurately, ready for the next test. This solution uses a reset component to replace the traditional manual "bullet" filling action, greatly improving operational convenience and testing efficiency. Furthermore, it solves the problem of unstable output torque of the incident rod affecting the accuracy of test results when the traditional filling is incomplete. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0048] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the dynamic strength testing device for rock samples provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the excitation structure;

[0050] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0051] Figure 4 For application Figure 1 Flowchart of the test method for dynamic strength testing device for medium-sized rock samples;

[0052] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The flowchart shows the specific methods for some of the process steps.

[0053] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0054] 100. Dynamic Strength Testing Device for Rock Samples; 1. Base Frame; 2. Experimental Rod Structure; 21. Incident Rod; 22. Transmission Rod; 3. Impact Component; 31. Impact Rod; 32. Groove Structure; 321. Annular Groove; 322. Trapezoidal Groove; 4. Pneumatic Output Component; 41. High-Pressure Air Source; 42. Output Pipe; 421. Electrically Controlled Valve; 43. Air Channel Structure; 431. Air Channel Body; 432. Valve Unit; 5. Shell; 51. First Chamber; 52. Second Chamber; 53. Elongated Oval Air Hole; 54. Stop Ring; 541. First Ring; 542. Second Ring; 55. Spring; 6. Temperature Control Structure; 61. Furnace Body; 611. Furnace Door; 62. Air Blowing Component; 7. Reset Component; 71. Protective Shell; 72. Buffer Cylinder; 721. Flexible Part; 73. Air Supply Device.

[0055] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0058] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0059] The tensile strength of rock is less than its compressive strength, and tensile failure is a major factor causing damage to rocks or rock masses. Therefore, understanding the tensile properties of rock materials under tensile loads is of great significance for the design and construction of rock structures.

[0060] Currently, the main testing method for measuring the tensile strength of rocks is the splitting method. However, traditional testing devices are mostly simple in structure, generally using vertical impact to break the sample. This uniaxial testing method suffers from problems such as load eccentricity, specimen asymmetry, and stress concentration, which can affect the accuracy of the test results. This proposal suggests a dynamic strength testing device and method for rock samples, employing a horizontal testing structure. During the test, the "bullet" structure used for impact is manually reset and reloaded, effectively improving testing efficiency while ensuring accuracy.

[0061] This invention proposes a dynamic strength testing device 100 for rock samples.

[0062] Please see Figures 1 to 3In one embodiment of the present invention, the testing device is mainly used for dynamic strength testing of rock samples in civil engineering. The rock sample tested in this scheme is a cylindrical sample with an overall diameter and height of about 16 mm. Before testing, the rock sample needs to be subjected to high or low temperature treatment. During testing, the transmission rod 22 and the incident rod 21 in the experimental rod structure 2 work together to break the rock sample, and the dynamic strength value is obtained when the rock sample breaks. Both the transmission rod 22 and the incident rod 21 are mounted on the base frame 1, and to ensure the accuracy of the test results, the transmission rod 22 and the incident rod 21 are coaxially arranged on the base frame 1 along a first direction on the horizontal plane. A test area is formed between the corresponding ends of the two rods. During testing, a rock sample is placed in the test area, with the axis of the rock sample coinciding with the common axis of the two rods. One end of the transmission rod 22 is attached to the rock sample to support one end of the rock sample. Sensing devices are provided at one end of both the transmission rod 22 and the incident rod 21 to receive real-time stress data. The excitation structure is used to drive the incident rod 21 to move in the first direction. Specifically, the excitation structure is located at the end of the incident rod 21 away from the transmission rod 22. The impact member 3 in the excitation structure is a structural component that directly contacts the incident rod 21. During actual testing, the impact member 3 generates instantaneous high-speed motion in the first direction and impacts one end of the incident rod 21 at the excitation position, thereby breaking the rock sample in the test area. After the rock sample is broken, the reset member 7 can drive the impact member 3 to perform a relatively slow automatic reset in the first direction, so that the impact member 3 can stably and accurately return to the initial position and prepare for the next test. The reset component 7 used in this solution can replace the traditional manual automatic filling action of the "bullet", which not only greatly improves the convenience of operation, but also solves the problem that the output torque of the incident rod 21 is unstable when the traditional filling is not in place.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, the reset member 7 is configured as a pneumatic structure, which drives the impact member 3 to perform a reset movement by pressurization. To create a relatively sealed pressurized environment, a corresponding housing 5 is provided in the excitation structure. The housing 5 has a relatively sealed structure. The main part of the impact member 3 is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the housing 5 along the first direction. The impact member 3 also includes a contact end, which is formed by the distal end of the impact rod 31 provided at one of its horizontal ends. The impact rod 31 slides out of the housing 5. After the impact is completed, the gas supply device 73 in the reset member 7 starts to work and introduces gas into the interior of the protective shell 71 to pressurize its inner cavity, thereby causing the flexible part 721 to deform and thus introducing the gas in the buffer cylinder 72 into the first cavity 51. After the gas pressure in the first cavity 51 increases, it will drive the impact member 3 to perform a reset movement in the housing 5. In actual operation, the gas supply device 73 can be used to control the air intake, thereby slowly increasing the gas pressure in the first cavity 51, so that the impact member 3 can move to the initial position at a relatively slow speed, thereby avoiding hard contact interference between the impact member 3 and the inner wall of the housing 5, which would affect the stability of the entire device during use.

[0064] Regarding the impact output process of the impactor 3, the impactor 3 moves towards the test area within the first cavity 51, reducing the internal space of the first cavity 51. The gas inside the first cavity 51 is introduced into the buffer cylinder 72 through the conduit. Since the rock sample requires a certain instantaneous impact force when it is crushed, the air pressure change within the first cavity 51 is instantaneous. The flexible part 721, through its deformation, can buffer the instantaneous pressure change and minimize the resistance encountered by the impactor 3 during impact. The protective shell 71 not only provides a relatively sealed space for pressurizing the flexible part 721, but also forms a protective shell structure on the outside of the flexible part 721, preventing external impacts when the flexible part 721 is damaged. It also provides visual isolation from the deformation of the flexible part 721, enhancing the safety of the operators.

[0065] It is conceivable that there are many specific choices for the reset component 7. The reset movement of the impact component 3 inside the housing 5 can be achieved through conventional mechanical structures, such as push rods or cylinder structures. However, the relevant structures need to extend their mechanical output ends into the inner cavity of the housing 5 and form a direct contact connection with the impact component 3. Then, the reciprocating motion of the impact component 3 will also directly affect the motion of its specific output end. This requires the two connecting structures to move in coordination. Considering that the instantaneous motion of the impact component 3 may affect the structure of the traditional push rod and cylinder components themselves, resulting in frequent maintenance in the later stage, the above-mentioned structure is preferred as the reset component 7 in this embodiment.

[0066] In this embodiment, the driving component of the impactor 3 is also configured as a pneumatic structure, specifically as a pneumatic output component 4. A high-pressure gas source 41 is connected to the second cavity 52, and an electrically controlled valve 421 is provided on the output pipe 42 to control the discharge of high-pressure gas, thereby controlling the instantaneous change rate of the impactor 3. Specifically, when the electrically controlled valve 421 is opened, it can instantly discharge the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas source 41 into the second cavity 52. ​​At this time, the air pressure in the second cavity 52 increases instantaneously, which will drive the impactor 3 to accelerate instantaneously and impact the incident rod 21 through its outward contact end. The opening of the electrically controlled valve 421 is instantaneous, and the amount of high-pressure gas output is regulated by its specific opening degree. When the electrically controlled valve 421 is open and the impactor 3 forms an instantaneous action, the electrically controlled valve 421 switches to the closed state. When the impactor 3 performs its resetting motion, the volume of the second cavity 52 decreases. To ensure the smooth operation of the impactor 3, the second cavity 52 also needs to undergo pressure relief during the movement of the impactor 3. Therefore, the impactor 3 is also provided with an air passage structure 43, through which the air inside the second cavity 52 is simultaneously discharged during the resetting motion of the impactor 3.

[0067] Specifically, an elongated vent 53 extending along the first direction is provided on the arc-shaped outer wall of the housing 5. When the impact member 3 moves inside the housing 5, the outlet end of the air passage body 431 moves between the first and second ends of the elongated vent 53. It should be noted that when the exhaust end of the air passage body 431 corresponds to the second end, the impact member 3 is in the initial position, and the activation position is located between the first and second ends. Specifically, during the resetting movement of the impact member 3, the volume of the second cavity 52 decreases. At this time, the exhaust end of the air passage body 431 moves from the first end to the second end, and the gas in the second cavity 52 is discharged to the outside of the housing 5 through the air passage body 431. During this process, the arc-shaped sidewall of the impact member 3 located to the left of the exhaust end of the air passage body 431 simultaneously shields the elongated vent 53. When the exhaust end of the air passage body 431 moves to the second end and is shielded by the second end, the gas inside the second cavity 52 cannot be discharged, and the impact member 3 is in the initial position. Correspondingly, when the high-pressure gas source 41 and the electronically controlled valve 421 operate simultaneously, the air pressure in the second cavity 52 increases instantaneously. At this time, the impactor 3 moves toward the test area, and the exhaust end of the airway body 431 moves from the second end to the first end. During this process, the contact end of the impactor 3 located outside the housing 5 collides with the incident rod 21, thereby driving the incident rod 21 to crush the rock sample. At this time, the excitation position should be located between the first end and the second end.

[0068] It should be noted that, in order to minimize the risk of excessive gas leakage from the air passage structure 43 when the air pressure in the second cavity 52 increases, thus affecting the driving effect of the high-pressure air source 41, the aperture of the air passage body 431 is relatively small in actual implementation. A valve unit 432 is provided at its end to control the airflow within the air passage body 431. The valve unit 432 is positioned as close as possible to the annular groove of the groove structure 32, thus avoiding direct contact between the valve unit 432 and the high-pressure airflow. This better ensures uniform exhaust from the air passage structure 43 and minimizes any impact on the instantaneous response of the impactor 3. To further guarantee the response effect of the impactor 3, a trapezoidal groove 322 is connected to one end of the annular groove 321 towards the inner side of the impactor 3. The cross-sectional area of ​​the trapezoidal groove gradually decreases from the annular groove 321 towards the interior of the impactor 3. When high-pressure airflow is introduced, the high-pressure airflow can be gathered at the middle position of the impact member 3 through the trapezoidal groove 322, thereby improving the instantaneous response speed of the impact member 3 in the housing 5.

[0069] When the impactor 3 is in its initial position, in order to further ensure the stability of the impactor 3's position, a stop ring 54 is provided on the inner wall of one end of the housing 5 corresponding to the second cavity 52. ​​The inner hole of the stop ring 54 is set in a stepped shape, including a first ring portion 541 with a larger diameter, which is positioned towards the middle of the housing 5, and a second ring portion 542 with a smaller diameter, which is in contact with the inner wall of the housing 5. When the impactor 3 moves on the inner wall of the housing 5, one end of it moves synchronously on the inner wall of the first ring portion 541, thereby ensuring the sealing of the second cavity 52. ​​When the impactor 3 is in its initial position, one end of the impactor 3 contacts the stepped surface at the junction of the first ring portion 541 and the second ring portion 542, thereby limiting the impactor 3. In order to ensure the stability of the impactor 3 during its movement, multiple springs 55 are provided between one end of the impactor 3 and the inner wall of the housing 5. During the impact or reset movement of the impactor 3, the spring 55 can output torque evenly, thereby ensuring the stability of the impactor 3 during movement as much as possible.

[0070] The dynamic strength testing device 100 for rock samples disclosed in this solution needs to test the dynamic strength of rock samples under low-temperature conditions. Therefore, a temperature control structure 6 is provided on the base frame 1, which includes a furnace body 61 and an air blowing component 62. Specifically, the furnace body 61 can provide a body temperature environment for low-temperature treatment of the rock samples. This process needs to be sustained for a period of time, so the furnace door 611 needs to be closed. To avoid the furnace door 611 remaining closed for a long time in an extremely low-temperature environment, which would prevent the furnace door 611 from opening smoothly, warm air is generally blown into the furnace door 611 through the air blowing component 62 to ensure the smooth opening of the furnace door 611. The air blowing component 62 can be configured as a combination of a heating element and an air supply structure, and hot air can be delivered through a flexible hose. The specific closing and opening of the furnace door 611 can be done manually, or automatically by rotating the furnace door 611 with a cylinder or push rod, which can be selected according to the actual production conditions. Furthermore, during actual implementation, a corresponding material feeding structure can be set up to automatically pick up and place rock samples.

[0071] This invention also includes a method for testing the dynamic strength of rock samples; please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1 to 5The dynamic strength testing method for rock samples is applied to a dynamic strength testing device 100 for rock samples. The specific structure of the dynamic strength testing device 100 for rock samples is as described above. Because the dynamic strength testing method for rock samples adopts all the technical solutions in the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here. The dynamic strength testing method for rock samples includes the following steps:

[0072] The experimental temperature of furnace 61 is preset, and furnace 61 is turned on to create a low-temperature environment.

[0073] This scheme involves dynamic strength testing of rock samples under low temperature conditions. Before the test, the furnace body 61 needs to be turned on to bring the temperature inside the furnace body 61 to the temperature required for the low temperature experiment. The rock sample in this scheme is cylindrical in shape, with a diameter and height of about 16 mm. The experimental temperature of the furnace body 61 is maintained between -25°C and -120°C.

[0074] Once the temperature inside the furnace body 61 reaches the preset temperature, the rock sample to be tested is placed into the furnace body 61, the furnace door 611 is closed, and the rock sample is subjected to low-temperature treatment.

[0075] Based on the size and type of the sample, find the corresponding low temperature condition within the above temperature range, adjust the temperature of the furnace body 61 to the temperature range, and then put the rock sample into the furnace body 61 for at least 20 minutes of cooling treatment.

[0076] Place the rock sample in the test area and control the high-pressure gas source 41 and the electric control valve 421 to make the impactor 3 impact the incident rod 21.

[0077] The cooled rock sample is taken out and placed in the test area. The position of the rock sample is adjusted, and the high-pressure gas source 41 and the electric control valve 421 are controlled to make the impactor 3 impact the incident rod 21. During this process, the output pressure of the high-pressure gas source 41 needs to be adjusted within a certain range. Generally, the gas pressure is controlled between 0.45 bar and 2 bar. If the gas source pressure is less than the above range, the impact output force is insufficient. If it is greater than the above range, there is excessive output force, which is not conducive to the stable output of the impactor 3.

[0078] The rock sample in the test area is broken by the incident rod 21, and the relevant test data is stored.

[0079] The rock sample in the test area is broken by the injection rod. The injection rod 21 and the transmission rod 22 are equipped with corresponding pressure sensors, which can output the stress when the rock sample is broken. The relevant test data is stored by the corresponding storage device to provide a basis for subsequent analysis.

[0080] Place the rock sample in the test area, including:

[0081] Adjust the orientation of the rock sample within the test area so that the axis of the rock sample coincides with the axis in the first direction;

[0082] In this scheme, when testing the rock sample, the dynamic tensile stress in the axial direction of the rock sample is tested. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy of the test data, the axis of the rock sample needs to be set on the same axis as the axis of the incident rod 21 and the transmission rod 22, so as to obtain more accurate test results.

[0083] One end face of the rock sample is attached to one end face of the transmission rod 22;

[0084] During testing, one end face of the rock sample needs to be attached to the end face of the transmission rod 22 corresponding to the test area. The transmission rod 22 supports one end of the rock sample, thereby preventing the rock sample from suddenly coming into contact with the transmission rod 22 during the impact, which would affect the accuracy of the test data.

[0085] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic strength testing device for rock samples, characterized in that, include: Base frame; The experimental rod structure includes an incident rod and a transmission rod, both of which are mounted on the base frame along an axis in a first direction. The incident rod is movably arranged along the first direction, and a test area is formed between corresponding ends of the incident rod and the transmission rod; and... The excitation structure includes an impactor and a resetor. The impactor is mounted on the base frame at the end of the incident rod away from the test area. The impactor is movably disposed in the first direction, and its movement includes an initial position and an excitation position. The resetor is disposed on the base frame and connected to the impactor, so as to drive the impactor to move from the excitation position to the initial position. The first direction is the horizontal direction; The excitation structure further includes a housing, which is disposed on the base frame along the first direction; The impact member has a contact end corresponding to the incident rod, the impact member is slidably installed inside the housing, and the contact end is located outside the housing; The impact member has a first cavity formed in the inner cavity of the housing corresponding to one end of the incident rod, and the reset member is connected to the first cavity; The end of the impact member away from the incident rod forms a second cavity in the inner cavity of the housing; The excitation structure further includes a pneumatic output component, which comprises: A high-pressure air source is located on the base frame; as well as, The output pipe has one end located at the output end of the high-pressure gas source and the other end connected to the second cavity. An electric control valve is provided on the output end. The impactor is also provided with an air passage structure, one end of which is connected to the second cavity for exhausting the second cavity; The outer arc-shaped wall of the shell is provided with an elongated pore extending along the first direction, and the elongated pore includes a first end and a second end. The air passage structure includes an air passage body and a valve unit. The air inlet end of the air passage body is connected to the second cavity, and the valve unit is located at the air inlet end of the air passage body. The exhaust end of the air passage structure is set corresponding to the elongated air hole. The initial position is when the exhaust end of the airway body corresponds to the second end, and the activation position is located between the first end and the second end; The impact member has a groove structure that is recessed into the interior at one end corresponding to the second cavity. The groove structure includes an annular groove and a trapezoidal groove. The annular groove is located at one end of the impact member corresponding to the second cavity. The trapezoidal groove is connected to the annular groove. The cross-sectional area of ​​the trapezoidal groove gradually decreases from the annular groove towards the interior of the impact member. The valve unit is located inside the annular groove. The housing is provided with a stop ring on the inner wall of one end corresponding to the second cavity, and the stop ring is used to stop the impact member at one end corresponding to the second cavity; Furthermore, a plurality of springs are provided between one end of the impact member and the inner wall of the housing; When high-pressure airflow is introduced, the high-pressure airflow can be gathered at the middle position of the impactor through the trapezoidal groove, thereby improving the instantaneous response speed of the impactor within the housing.

2. The dynamic strength testing device for rock samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reset component includes: A protective shell is provided on the base frame; A buffer cylinder, disposed within the protective shell, is provided with a flexible portion; the first cavity and the buffer cylinder are connected via a conductive tube; and... An air supply device, the output end of which is connected to the inner cavity of the protective shell.

3. The dynamic strength testing device for rock samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic strength testing device for rock samples also includes a temperature control structure, which comprises: A furnace body, mounted on the base frame corresponding to the test area, is used to provide a high-temperature or low-temperature environment; the furnace body is equipped with a furnace door; and... An air blowing component is used to blow hot air, and the output end of the air blowing component is set corresponding to the furnace door.

4. A method for testing the dynamic strength of a rock sample, based on the dynamic strength testing device for a rock sample as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method for testing the dynamic strength of rock samples includes the following steps: Preset the furnace body test temperature, turn on the furnace body, and create a low-temperature environment; Once the temperature inside the furnace reaches the preset temperature, place the rock sample to be tested into the furnace, close the furnace door, and perform low-temperature treatment on the rock sample. Place the rock sample in the test area, control the high-pressure gas source and the electric control valve to make the impactor strike the incident rod. The rock sample in the test area is broken by an incident rod, and the relevant test data is stored.

5. The method for testing the dynamic strength of rock samples as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Place the rock sample in the test area, including: Adjust the orientation of the rock sample within the test area so that the axis of the rock sample coincides with the axis in the first direction; One end face of the rock sample is attached to one end face of the transmission rod.

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