Fuel cell hydrogen system control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle control, in particular to a fuel cell hydrogen system control method and system.The hydrogen system enters a power-on state from an initial state to a low-voltage power-on state and a high-voltage power-on state in sequence; the fuel cell performs self-inspection according to the instruction in the power-on state, and is started after successful self-inspection; if the fuel cell succeeds in self-inspection, the hydrogen system can be normally powered on, and a main valve and cylinder valves of the hydrogen system are in a closed state, the hydrogen system enters a preparation state; in the preparation state, a main valve of the hydrogen system is opened, and each cylinder valve is kept in a closed state; if the fuel cell controller sends an enable signal to the hydrogen system, the hydrogen system enters a working state, the hydrogen system controls a corresponding cylinder valve to be opened according to the received enable signal under the condition that the main valve is kept open, and hydrogen needed by vehicle operation is supplied to the fuel cell; and when the fuel cell does not send the enable signal, the main valve and each cylinder valve of the hydrogen system are closed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle control technology, and in particular to a fuel cell hydrogen system control method and system. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The hydrogen systems of fuel cell buses are mostly based on four-hydrogen bottles and six-hydrogen bottles. Generally, each hydrogen bottle is equipped with a separate bottle valve. At the same time, a main valve is also set to control the passage between the hydrogen filling station and the hydrogen bottle, so that hydrogen can flow from the hydrogen filling gun of the hydrogen filling station to the hydrogen bottle.

[0004] When a fuel cell bus is in operation, it is necessary to ensure a stable supply of hydrogen while taking into account the pressure balance between the various bottle valves. Usually, when the hydrogen system receives a control command from the fuel cell system, multiple hydrogen bottles in the hydrogen system will be opened together. This method can easily lead to instantaneous excessive pressure at the moment the hydrogen bottle is started. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen system control method and system, which divides the hydrogen system into different working states, and opens the main valve in the preparation state of the hydrogen system, and opens the main valve and each bottle valve in the working state, forming a two-level pressure regulation control mode, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen bottle passes through the bottle valve and the main valve and then enters the fuel cell, reducing the impact of instantaneous excessive pressure on the system when multiple bottle valves are all opened.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A first aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen system control method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] The hydrogen system is supplied with low voltage electricity and high voltage electricity in sequence from the initial state to enter the power-on state;

[0009] When powered on, the fuel cell performs self-check according to the instructions and starts after successful self-check;

[0010] If the fuel cell self-test is successful, and the hydrogen system can be powered on normally, and the main valve of the hydrogen system and each bottle valve are in a closed state, the hydrogen system enters the ready state; in the ready state, the main valve of the hydrogen system is opened, and each bottle valve remains closed;

[0011] If the fuel cell controller sends an enable signal to the hydrogen system, the hydrogen system enters the working state. The hydrogen system controls the corresponding bottle valves to open while the main valve remains open according to the received enable signal, and supplies the fuel cell with the hydrogen required for vehicle operation; when the fuel cell does not send an enable signal, the main valve and each bottle valve of the hydrogen system are closed.

[0012] Furthermore, in the initial state, the hydrogen system does not receive any instructions, and the main valve and each bottle valve are in a closed state.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation state is specifically: after the hydrogen system is powered on and there is no fault, the main bottle valve of the hydrogen system is in an open state, and each bottle valve is in a closed state.

[0014] Furthermore, the working state is specifically: the fuel cell controller sends an enable signal to the hydrogen controller to control the main valve and each bottle valve to be in an open state.

[0015] Furthermore, in the working state, when the fuel cell controller no longer sends an enable signal to the hydrogen controller, the main valve and each bottle valve are controlled to be in a closed state.

[0016] Furthermore, when hydrogen is added to the hydrogen system, the hydrogen system controls the corresponding bottle valves to open while the main valve remains open according to the received enable signal, so that high-pressure hydrogen from the hydrogen filling gun passes from the main valve through each bottle valve to the corresponding hydrogen bottle.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydrogen system also has a fault state. The communication fault flag of the hydrogen system is 0. When the fault level of the hydrogen system is less than the set level or there is no hydrogen leakage, the hydrogen system is converted from the fault state to the ready state.

[0018] Furthermore, when a hydrogen leakage emergency stop signal or a communication failure occurs in the working state, the hydrogen system is converted from the working state to the fault state.

[0019] Furthermore, in the fault state, if the enable signals of the hydrogen system main valve and each bottle valve sent by the fuel cell are reset to 1, the hydrogen system is converted from the fault state to the working state.

[0020] A second aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen system control system, comprising:

[0021] The fuel cell controller receives instructions from the vehicle controller and status information of the hydrogen system, matches the corresponding power point according to the fuel cell status, controls the fuel, air and combustion products required during the operation of the fuel cell, and sends a control enable command to the hydrogen controller according to the status of the fuel cell;

[0022] The vehicle controller obtains the status information of the fuel cell and the hydrogen system according to the fuel cell controller and the hydrogen controller, and sends corresponding power control instructions to the fuel cell controller according to the actual working conditions;

[0023] The hydrogen controller controls the main valve and each bottle valve in the hydrogen system to open or close according to the instructions from the vehicle controller and the enable signal from the fuel cell controller.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The hydrogen system is divided into different working states, and the opening states of the main valve and the bottle valve are controlled according to the different working states of the hydrogen system. In the preparation state of the hydrogen system, only the main valve is opened without opening the bottle valves, and in the working state, the main valve and the bottle valves are opened, forming a two-level pressure regulation control method, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen bottle passes through the bottle valve and the main valve in turn and then enters the fuel cell. The two-level control valve is used to generate resistance to the instantaneous high-pressure hydrogen step by step, reducing the impact of instantaneous excessive pressure on the system when multiple bottle valves are all opened. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell hydrogen system control process provided by one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell hydrogen system control system provided by one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell hydrogen system provided by one or more embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms herein are only intended to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0033] As introduced in the background technology, when a fuel cell bus is in operation, it is necessary to ensure a stable supply of hydrogen while taking into account the pressure balance between the various bottle valves. Usually, when the hydrogen system receives a control command from the fuel cell system, multiple hydrogen bottles of the hydrogen system will be opened together. This method can easily lead to instantaneous excessive pressure at the moment the hydrogen bottle is started.

[0034] Therefore, the following embodiment provides a fuel cell hydrogen system control method and system, which divides the hydrogen system into different working states, and controls the opening states of the main valve and the bottle valve according to the different working states of the hydrogen system. In the preparation state of the hydrogen system, only the main valve is opened without opening the bottle valves, and in the working state, the main valve and the bottle valves are opened, forming a two-level pressure regulation control method, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen bottle passes through the bottle valve and the main valve in turn and then enters the fuel cell, and the two-level control valve is used to generate resistance to the instantaneous high-pressure hydrogen step by step, thereby reducing the impact of excessive instantaneous pressure on the system when multiple bottle valves are all opened.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a fuel cell hydrogen system control method comprises the following steps:

[0037] In the initial state, the hydrogen system does not receive any instructions, and the main valve of the hydrogen system and each bottle valve are in the closed state; the vehicle is powered on with low voltage and high voltage in turn, and enters the power-up state;

[0038] In the power-on state, the fuel cell FC-EV switch starts, the fuel cell self-checks, and starts after the self-check is successful;

[0039] The hydrogen system determines whether the hydrogen system is turned on according to the status of the fuel system; if the fuel cell self-test is successful, and the hydrogen system can be powered on normally, and the main valve of the hydrogen system and each bottle valve are in a closed state, the hydrogen system enters the standby state; in the standby state, the main valve of the hydrogen system is opened, and each bottle valve remains closed; if the fuel cell is in an error state, the hydrogen system fails to start normally and ends the action;

[0040] Determine whether the fuel cell controller sends an enable signal to the hydrogen system; if it has been sent, the hydrogen system enters the working state, and the hydrogen system controls the main valve and each bottle valve to open according to the received enable signal, and the hydrogen system supplies the fuel cell with the hydrogen required for vehicle operation; when the fuel cell does not send an enable signal, the main valve and each bottle valve of the hydrogen system are closed.

[0041] When hydrogen is added to the hydrogen system, the hydrogen system receives the enable signal again, and the high-pressure hydrogen from the hydrogen filling gun passes through the main valve and each bottle valve to each hydrogen bottle.

[0042] In this embodiment, the FC-EV switch refers to a key component that controls the start, operation and stop of the fuel cell electric vehicle power system. These switches generally include a main power switch, a fuel cell system switch and other possible mode selection switches.

[0043] This embodiment sends different control instructions to the hydrogen system according to the different working states of the fuel cell. The working states of the hydrogen system include power-up, standby, work and error. The hydrogen system will switch to the corresponding working state only after receiving the instruction. The state changes of the hydrogen system mainly include the state of the main valve and each bottle valve, and the hydrogen controller controls the normal operation of the working state of each valve. By opening the main valve in the standby state and the main valve and each bottle valve in the working state, a two-level pressure regulation control method is formed, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen bottle passes through the bottle valve and the main valve and then enters the fuel cell, reducing the impact of instantaneous excessive pressure on the system when multiple bottle valves are all opened, ensuring the orderliness and safety of hydrogen supply, and realizing effective control of the hydrogen system.

[0044] Embodiment 2:

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, a fuel cell hydrogen system control system includes:

[0046] The fuel cell controller receives relevant information from the vehicle controller and the hydrogen system. Under the action of the fuel cell controller, the fuel cell system matches the appropriate power point according to the fuel cell state. When the fuel cell is working, it sends a control enable command to the hydrogen controller to control the opening and closing of the hydrogen bottle main valve and bottle valve. The fuel cell controller can control the relevant components of the hydrogen circuit, air circuit and water circuit of the fuel cell system to keep the fuel cell system and hydrogen system working in a controllable state.

[0047] The vehicle controller receives relevant information about the fuel cell system and hydrogen system, presents the vehicle status through CAN communication, and displays the fuel cell status, power, hydrogen system hydrogen remaining amount, hydrogen system main valve, bottle valve, pressure, temperature, leakage and other information on the instrument side. At the same time, the whole control can also adjust the fuel cell power according to the actual operating conditions, thereby realizing the regulation of the hydrogen system. Therefore, the whole control is the control center for receiving and sending instructions.

[0048] The hydrogen controller receives CAN communication related information from the vehicle controller and the fuel cell controller. After receiving the command, the hydrogen controller executes the corresponding control command action. The hydrogen controller adjusts according to the status of the hydrogen system, and the status of the hydrogen system changes according to the operation requirements of the vehicle.

[0049] Furthermore, the initial state of the hydrogen system is that the hydrogen system does not receive any instructions, and the main valve of the hydrogen system and each bottle valve are in a closed state.

[0050] Furthermore, the preparation state of the hydrogen system is that there is no fault in the power-on state of the hydrogen system, then the hydrogen system enters the preparation stage, and the hydrogen system automatically enters the main bottle valve in the open state and each bottle valve in the closed state.

[0051] Furthermore, the working state of the hydrogen system is that the fuel cell controller sends an enable signal to the hydrogen controller, and the main valve and each bottle valve are controlled to be in an open state. When the fuel cell controller no longer sends an enable signal to the hydrogen controller, the main valve and each bottle valve are controlled to be in a closed state. When hydrogen is refilled into the hydrogen system, the main valve and each bottle valve of the hydrogen system receive the enable signal again, and each valve is reopened.

[0052] Furthermore, the fault state of the hydrogen system is that the communication fault flag is 0 or the hydrogen system fault level is less than level 4 or there is no hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen system, and the hydrogen system enters the ready state from the fault state; when the hydrogen system is in the working state, a hydrogen leakage emergency stop signal or a communication failure occurs, and the hydrogen system enters the fault state from the working state; in the hydrogen system fault state, the hydrogen system main valve and each bottle valve enable signal sent by the fuel cell are reset to 1, and the hydrogen system enters the working state from the fault state.

[0053] Furthermore, the hydrogen system also includes a manual adjustment mode. When the CAN control mode fails, you can choose to manually open the hydrogen system main valve and each bottle valve; when no manual signal is sent, the hydrogen system maintains the original working state unchanged.

[0054] The vehicle controller, fuel cell controller and hydrogen controller in the fuel cell hydrogen system control system transmit information through CAN communication, and mutual control between controllers is achieved through the sending and receiving of messages.

[0055] The fuel cell controller receives instructions from the vehicle controller to control the on / off status and power of the vehicle fuel cell system. Similarly, the hydrogen controller receives instructions from the vehicle controller to control the on / off status of the main valve and bottle valve of the fuel cell hydrogen system.

[0056] At the same time, the fuel cell controller and the hydrogen controller send the status information of the fuel cell system and the hydrogen system to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller controls the power of the fuel cell system according to the feedback instructions of the fuel cell controller, and controls the status of the main valve and bottle valve of the hydrogen system according to the feedback instructions of the hydrogen controller.

[0057] The working states of the hydrogen system are power-up, standby, work and error. There are conversion conditions between the various working states, and the conversion can be achieved when the conversion conditions are met.

[0058] by Figure 3 Taking the fuel cell hydrogen system shown in the figure as an example, the control process is introduced:

[0059] Open the main valve of the hydrogen system ( Figure 3 Take the manual stop valve in the figure as an example), the main valve is located on the main line of the hydrogen system, and each hydrogen bottle is located on the branch line of the hydrogen system; open the bottle valve, the bottle valve acts as a first-level pressure reducing valve, and the actual pressure value P at the outlet of the hydrogen bottle is detected by the sensor 1 Is it greater than the specified value P, where P = 35MPa? When the pressure value P is detected 1 >P, the hydrogen cylinder needs to release hydrogen, so open the safety valve to discharge the hydrogen.

[0060] If the hydrogen pressure discharged from each bottle valve is still at a high level, a safety valve is installed between the hydrogen bottle and the bottle valve to release the hydrogen from the cylinder, and the current pressure P is detected by the sensor. 2 The pressure value is kept within a reasonable range through a manual shut-off valve so as to meet the pressure requirement at the hydrogen gas path end of the fuel cell. In this embodiment, the pressure at the fuel cell inlet end is 9.5 MPa.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell hydrogen system control method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The hydrogen system is supplied with low voltage electricity and high voltage electricity in sequence from the initial state to enter the power-on state; When powered on, the fuel cell performs self-check according to the instructions and starts after successful self-check; If the fuel cell self-test is successful, and the hydrogen system can be powered on normally, and the main valve of the hydrogen system and each bottle valve are in a closed state, the hydrogen system enters the ready state; in the ready state, the main valve of the hydrogen system is opened, and each bottle valve remains closed; If the fuel cell controller sends an enable signal to the hydrogen system, the hydrogen system enters the working state. The hydrogen system controls the corresponding bottle valves to open while the main valve remains open according to the received enable signal, and supplies the fuel cell with the hydrogen required for vehicle operation. When the fuel cell does not send an enable signal, the main valve and each bottle valve of the hydrogen system are closed.

2. A fuel cell hydrogen system control method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the initial state, the hydrogen system does not receive any instructions, and the main valve and each bottle valve are in the closed state.

3. A fuel cell hydrogen system control method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation state is as follows: after the hydrogen system is powered on and there is no fault, the main bottle valve of the hydrogen system is in the open state and each bottle valve is in the closed state.

4. A fuel cell hydrogen system control method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The working state is specifically: the fuel cell controller sends an enable signal to the hydrogen controller to control the main valve and each bottle valve to be in an open state.

5. A fuel cell hydrogen system control method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the working state, when the fuel cell controller no longer sends an enable signal to the hydrogen controller, the main valve and each bottle valve are controlled to be in a closed state.

6. A fuel cell hydrogen system control method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When hydrogen is added to the hydrogen system, the hydrogen system controls the corresponding bottle valves to open while the main valve remains open according to the received enable signal, so that the high-pressure hydrogen from the hydrogen filling gun passes through the main valve and each bottle valve to the corresponding hydrogen bottle.

7. A fuel cell hydrogen system control method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen system also has a fault state. The communication fault flag of the hydrogen system is 0. When the hydrogen system fault level is less than the set level or there is no hydrogen leakage, the hydrogen system is converted from the fault state to the ready state.

8. A fuel cell hydrogen system control method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: If a hydrogen leakage emergency stop signal or communication failure occurs in the working state, the hydrogen system will be converted from the working state to the fault state.

9. A fuel cell hydrogen system control method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In the fault state, if the enable signals of the hydrogen system main valve and each bottle valve sent by the fuel cell are reset to 1, the hydrogen system is converted from the fault state to the working state.

10. A system for implementing the fuel cell hydrogen system control method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The fuel cell controller receives instructions from the vehicle controller and status information of the hydrogen system, matches the corresponding power point according to the fuel cell status, controls the fuel, air and combustion products required during the operation of the fuel cell, and sends a control enable command to the hydrogen controller according to the status of the fuel cell; The vehicle controller obtains the status information of the fuel cell and the hydrogen system according to the fuel cell controller and the hydrogen controller, and sends corresponding power control instructions to the fuel cell controller according to the actual working conditions; The hydrogen controller controls the main valve and each bottle valve in the hydrogen system to open or close according to the instructions from the vehicle controller and the enable signal from the fuel cell controller.

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