Airborne meteorological radar based on AFDX interface control

Abstract

The invention discloses an airborne meteorological radar based on AFDX (Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet) interface control, which mainly overcomes the defects of limited communication interface transmission rate, limited bandwidth, low reliability of a topological system and the like of the existing airborne meteorological radar. The system comprises an antenna, an antenna driver, a transmitter, a receiver, a control unit and a signal processing unit, the signal processing unit adopts an AFDX communication interface, specific functions are realized by an AFDX interface control module, and a DC / DC voltage conversion module performs voltage adjustment and signal enhancement; the Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module realizes a physical layer function of Ethernet communication; the AFDX protocol upper layer control module unpacks the digital signal according to the AFDX protocol and packs data information; and the state information conversion module is used for mutually converting the AFDX data and a radar working mode mark used in the radar. The method has the advantages of being high in transmission rate, wide in band, flexible and safe in network topology and high in real-time performance, and can be used for various aircrafts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of radars, and in particular relates to an airborne weather radar which can be used for various aircrafts such as helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Airborne weather radar is an essential flight safety equipment on various aircraft. It can detect in real time the distribution of meteorological targets and other targets within a certain airspace range on the route ahead of the aircraft, such as clouds, rain, thunderstorm areas, etc., and display the detected target outline, rainfall, direction and distance of the thunderstorm area on the display, providing pilots with functions such as early warning of dangerous weather conditions.

[0003] At present, domestic airborne weather radars mainly use traditional 422 or 429 interfaces for data exchange. These two protocols have the advantages of simple interface and anti-interference. However, with the development of avionics systems, aircraft electronic systems are becoming more and more complex, and the requirements for data transmission rate, bandwidth and real-time performance are becoming higher and higher. 422 or 429 interface communications expose the shortcomings of limited transmission rate, limited bandwidth and low topology system reliability.

[0004] In order to meet the high requirements of modern aircraft for data transmission, AFDX data interface has become the mainstream choice for aircraft communication links. AFDX communication technology has the following advantages: 1. High transmission rate. Since AFDX is based on Ethernet transmission technology, the transmission rate is as high as 100Mbps, which meets the requirements of high-speed and large-scale data transmission. 2. High bandwidth. Since AFDX adopts full-duplex communication, it can effectively improve the communication bandwidth and realize multi-channel data transmission requirements. 3. Flexible and safe network topology. Since AFDX adopts redundant network topology structure, it improves the reliability and anti-fault ability of communication. 4. Good real-time performance. Since AFDX adopts virtual link technology, it can ensure the real-time and deterministic data transmission.

[0005] In the actual application of meteorological radar, the total amount of data transmission is increasing, the requirements for security are getting higher and higher, and the meteorological conditions are often changing rapidly, which also puts forward higher requirements for real-time performance. Applying the AFDX data interface to airborne meteorological radar will greatly improve the overall data transmission capacity of airborne meteorological radar, and it is also very necessary to improve the safety and reliability of meteorological radar.

[0006] The patent document with application number CN202322761027.X discloses "An airborne weather radar with multi-device display and control functions", which includes a display, a transceiver and an antenna extension; the display includes: a control panel, a weather radar processing unit, an image acquisition and processing module and a display screen. The weather radar processing unit includes three functional modules, among which the airborne weather radar display control functional module is used to control the transceiver to produce a weather picture; the satellite communication equipment control functional module is used to send and receive message data and generate a human-machine interface for satellite communication equipment; the optoelectronic equipment control display functional module is used to control the optoelectronic equipment and generate the optoelectronic equipment character screen; the pictures of the three functional modules are displayed through the display screen.

[0007] The patent document with publication number CN106597449B discloses an "FPGA-based airborne weather radar", which includes an antenna, an antenna driver, a transmitter, a receiver, a control unit and a signal processing unit. The signal processing unit receives an external control instruction to enable the control unit to generate a corresponding excitation signal to stimulate the transmitter to generate a corresponding radio frequency signal and radiate it outward through the antenna, and at the same time generates an antenna control signal to control the rotation of the antenna driver to drive the antenna to perform azimuth scanning and pitch adjustment; after the radio frequency signal is reflected by the target, it is received by the antenna and transmitted to the receiver controlled by the control unit for frequency conversion, amplification and quantization, and then transmitted to the signal processing unit for processing of meteorological targets, large ground targets and landforms, large ships and islands on the sea, beacons and other targets.

[0008] The patent document with application number CN202322626595.9 discloses "A Multifunctional Video Capture and Overlay Processor for Airborne Weather Radar", which includes a video input module, a processor module, a signal processing module, a video output circuit and a video overlay switching module. The video overlay switching module includes a video input acquisition logic submodule, a video processing logic submodule, a video cache logic submodule, a video synthesis logic submodule and a video output logic submodule, which are used to receive infrared XGA video signals, satellite communication XGA video signals and meteorological digital RGB video signals transmitted by the video input module, complete the conversion, analysis, overlay and copy of the video signal, obtain the digital video output signal and transmit it to the video output circuit. The integrated display communication module involved uses the ARINC429 level conversion circuit.

[0009] Although the above-mentioned existing technologies can realize the basic functions of airborne weather radar, since no external communication interface is set for upgrading, there are shortcomings such as limited transmission rate, limited bandwidth, low security and lack of reliability of topology system during communication with the comprehensive display host computer, which cannot meet the communication requirements of current avionics systems. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and propose an airborne weather radar based on AFDX interface control to improve the data transmission capability of the airborne weather radar, enhance the security and reliability of weather radar data, and meet the communication requirements of avionics systems.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention is an airborne weather radar based on AFDX interface control, including an antenna, an antenna driver, a transmitter, a receiver, a control unit, a signal processing unit and a power module, wherein:

[0012] The signal processing unit includes: an AFDX interface control module, a radar control module, a radar timing module, an echo processing module, a radar working mode response module, a radar echo display module and a beacon decoding module;

[0013] The AFDX interface control module receives the radar external interface control instructions, operations and current aircraft status information through the external AFDX interface, converts them into radar working mode flags used inside the radar, and sends them to the radar control module, radar timing module, echo processing module and radar working mode response module respectively;

[0014] The radar control module is used to generate radar control codes and transmit them to the radar timing module and the echo processing module to control their working states.

[0015] The radar timing module is used to generate the timing signals and clock signals required by the radar control module and the echo processing module during the radar operation process.

[0016] The echo processing module is used to receive and process the digitized echo information in the receiver to obtain radar echo information and beacon position characteristic data, and transmit the echo information to the radar echo display module. When the radar working mode is marked as beacon or beacon composite, the beacon position characteristic data is transmitted to the beacon decoding module;

[0017] Furthermore, the AFDX interface control module, radar control module, radar timing module, echo processing module, AFDX protocol upper layer control module and status information conversion module are all implemented through field-editable gate array FPGA; the radar working mode response module, radar echo display module and beacon decoding module are all arranged in a microprocessor.

[0018] Further, the AFDX interface control module includes: an Ethernet bus physical layer analysis submodule, a DC / DC voltage conversion submodule, an AFDX protocol upper layer control submodule, and a status information conversion submodule;

[0019] The Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module is mainly composed of a circuit with a PHY chip as the core, which is used to realize the physical layer function of Ethernet communication, convert the differential analog signal of the network cable into a digital signal, and is responsible for signal transmission and reception;

[0020] The DC / DC voltage conversion module is mainly composed of a circuit with a level conversion chip as the core, which is used to adjust the voltage and enhance the signal, improve the integrity of signal transmission, and provide electrical isolation for the PHY chip;

[0021] The AFDX protocol upper layer control module is used to unpack and parse the digital signal converted by the Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module according to the AFDX protocol, extract data information, and send it to the state information conversion module, and after encapsulating the radar information sent by the state information conversion module, send the data packet to the Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module for data sending operation;

[0022] The status information conversion module is used to convert the AFDX data extracted by the AFDX protocol upper layer control module into the radar working mode flag used inside the radar, and comprehensively convert the radar status information into AFDX data packets and send them to the AFDX protocol upper layer control module.

[0023] The radar external interface of the present invention adopts AFDX interface, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] Compared with the traditional 422 interface, the AFDX interface is based on Ethernet transmission technology for external transmission, and its transmission rate can be as high as 100Mbps, which can meet the requirements of high-speed and large-scale data transmission.

[0025] Compared with the traditional 429 interface, the AFDX interface has a higher communication bandwidth because it is a full-duplex communication mode. The bandwidth allocation and management mechanism used in its communication can meet the data transmission requirements of multiple channels. At the same time, since the hardware of the AFDX interface adopts dual redundant lines, it can reduce line communication failures and improve the security of line communication. Thirdly, since the AFDX communication adopts a star topology, a flexible topology communication network can be realized through a switch, and wiring can be reduced, with strong scalability. In addition, since the AFDX interface adopts virtual link technology, a fixed virtual communication link is allocated to each data transmission channel, so that the data transmission channels do not interfere with each other, thereby ensuring the real-time and deterministic nature of data transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the airborne weather radar controlled based on the AFDX interface of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the transmitter principle in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the receiver principle in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the control unit in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the signal processing unit in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the AFDX interface principle in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the antenna driver principle in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The structure of the airborne weather radar based on AFDX interface control of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] The technical key of this example is to use the AFDX external interface for data transmission to solve the problem of insufficient data transmission capacity of the 429 communication interface currently used in domestic meteorological radars. Since the high-speed rate of the 429 communication interface is only 100Kbps, this rate is far from meeting the communication needs of the increasing avionics system; at the same time, since the 429 communication adopts a point-to-point communication method, the number of connectors is greatly increased, and the weight of the cables used for communication is increased; at the same time, since one transmitter of the 429 interface can only connect to 20 receivers, the construction of the communication network topology is limited, which makes the 429 communication interface expose many shortcomings in the external data transmission of meteorological radars.

[0035] The AFDX communication interface of this example adopts Ethernet-based data transmission technology. It is designed based on FPGA chip, PHY chip and peripheral voltage conversion related circuits to meet the needs of large data volume, strong real-time performance, high communication security level and weight reduction requirements of avionics system in external communication of meteorological radar. It adopts Ethernet-based communication technology and the unique mechanism of dual redundancy, virtual link and bandwidth allocation management in the AFDX protocol to realize the construction of communication interface. It has the characteristics of high speed, full-duplex, high communication bandwidth, flexible and secure network topology and good real-time performance, which can well meet the communication needs of current domestic meteorological radars.

[0036] Reference Figure 1The airborne weather radar based on AFDX interface control in this example includes an antenna 1, an antenna driver 2, a transmitter 3, a receiver 4, a control unit 5, a signal processing unit 6, a transceiver switch 7 and a power module 8. The transmitter 3, the receiver 4, the control unit 5, the signal processing unit 6, the transceiver switch 7 and the power module 8 constitute a transceiver extension, and the antenna 1 and the antenna driver 2 constitute an antenna extension; the transceiver extension is connected to the antenna extension through a waveguide and a cable, and the transceiver extension responds to an external control instruction, generates a specific high-power radio frequency signal, and controls the antenna extension to radiate directionally. After the high-power radio frequency signal is reflected by the target, it is received directionally by the antenna extension and then transmitted to the transceiver extension for processing and display.

[0037] 1. Function and structure of each component of antenna extension

[0038] The antenna 1 adopts a flat slot antenna, which is fixed on the rotating part of the antenna driver 2 and connected to the transceiver switch 7 through a waveguide. It is used to directionally radiate the high-power radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmitter 3 through the transceiver switch 7, and receive the radio frequency signal reflected back by the target and transmit it to the receiver 4 through the transceiver switch 7.

[0039] The antenna driver 2 is connected to the signal processing unit 6 via a cable, and is used to receive the antenna control signal transmitted by the signal processing unit 6, control the rotation of its mechanical part, and drive the antenna 1 to perform azimuth scanning and pitch adjustment.

[0040] 2. Functions and structures of each part of the transceiver extension

[0041] The transmitter 3 is connected to the control unit 5 and the transceiver switch 7 respectively, and is used to receive the transmission excitation signal of the control unit 5, generate a high-power radio frequency signal and transmit it to the antenna 1 through the transceiver switch 7.

[0042] The receiver 4 is connected to the control unit 5, the signal processing unit 6 and the transceiver switch 7 respectively, and is used to receive the control signal transmitted by the control unit 5, amplify and quantize the radio frequency signal transmitted by the antenna 1 through the transceiver switch 7, and obtain digital echo information to transmit to the signal processing unit 6.

[0043] The control unit 5 is connected to the transmitter 3, the receiver 4 and the signal processing unit 6 respectively, and is used to receive the radar control code transmitted by the signal processing unit 6 to generate a transmission excitation signal and a gain control voltage. The transmission excitation signal is transmitted to the transmitter 3, and the gain control voltage is transmitted to the receiver 4.

[0044] The signal processing unit 6 is respectively connected to the receiver 4, the control unit 5 and the antenna driver 2, and is used to receive external control instructions, generate radar control codes and transmit them to the control unit 5, receive, process and display the digitized echo information transmitted by the receiver 4, and generate antenna control signals and transmit them to the antenna driver 2 to control the antenna rotation and scanning.

[0045] The transceiver switch 7 is connected to the antenna 1, the transmitter 3 and the receiver 4 respectively through waveguides, and is used to separate the radio frequency signals transmitted by the transmitting channel and the receiving channel, and protect the receiver 4 from being burned by high-power radio frequency signals;

[0046] The power module 8 is respectively connected to the antenna driver 2, the transmitter 3, the receiver 4, the control unit 5, the signal processing unit 6 and the transceiver switch 7, and is used to convert the fixed voltage provided by the carrier into the power supply voltage required by it to power it.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 , the transmitter 3 comprises: a modulator 31, a transformer 32 and a magnetron 33, wherein:

[0048] The modulator 31 is used to receive the transmission excitation signal sent by the control unit 5 and generate a high-power pulse to transmit to the transformer 32;

[0049] The transformer 32 is used to convert the high-power pulse generated by the modulator from a low voltage to a high voltage and then transmit it to the magnetron 33;

[0050] The magnetron 33 is used to convert high-voltage pulses into high-power radio frequency signals, which are then transmitted to the antenna 1 through the transceiver switch 7 .

[0051] Reference Figure 3 The receiver 4 includes: a radio frequency module 41, an intermediate frequency module 42 and a radar sampling module 43, wherein:

[0052] The RF module 41 is used to amplify the RF signal transmitted from the antenna 1 through the transceiver switch 7, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal after mixing and filtering, and transmit it to the intermediate frequency module 42, wherein the local oscillator frequency used in the mixing is fine-tuned by the frequency adaptive adjustment signal transmitted from the radar sampling module 43, so that the output intermediate frequency signal is stabilized at a fixed frequency;

[0053] The intermediate frequency module 42 is used to further amplify the intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the radio frequency module 41 to obtain an analog signal according to the gain control voltage received from the control unit 5 and the noise power indication signal received from the radar sampling module 43, and then transmit it to the radar sampling module 43;

[0054] The radar sampling module 43 is used to compare the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module 42 with the quantization threshold, obtain a quantized digital signal and transmit it to the signal processing unit 6, and compare the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module 42 with the local reference frequency to obtain a frequency adaptive adjustment signal and transmit it to the radio frequency module 41, and then perform noise sampling and averaging on the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module 42 to obtain a noise power indication signal and return it to the intermediate frequency module 42.

[0055] Reference Figure 4 The control unit 5 includes: a state decoding module 51, a transmission signal excitation module 52 and a front-end gain control module 53. The state decoding module 51 receives the radar control code transmitted by the signal processing unit 6 to generate two control signals, one of which controls the transmission signal excitation module 52 to generate a transmission excitation signal and transmit it to the transmitter 3, and the other controls the front-end gain control module 53 to generate a corresponding gain control voltage and transmit it to the receiver 4.

[0056] Reference Figure 5 The signal processing unit 6 is implemented by FPGA and microprocessor, and includes: AFDX interface control module 61, radar control module 62, radar timing module 63, echo processing module 64, radar working mode response module 65, radar echo display module 66 and beacon decoding module 67, wherein:

[0057] The AFDX interface control module 61 is used to configure and control the AFDX interface. During the receiving process, it receives the radar external interface control instructions, operations and current aircraft status information, and converts them into radar working mode flags used inside the radar, and sends them to the radar control module 62, the echo processing module 64 and the radar working mode response module 65. During the sending process, the AFDX interface control module 61 packages the radar configuration information, working status and detected beacon information generated by the radar control module 62, the echo processing module 64 and the radar working mode response module 65 into an AFDX data packet, and sends it out through the AFDX interface to report the radar status;

[0058] The radar control module 62 controls the radar to switch the working mode according to the radar working mode flag, generates a radar control code, and transmits the radar control code to the radar timing module 63 and the echo processing module 64 to control their working states;

[0059] The radar timing module 63 generates timing signals and clock signals required for various radar working modes during the radar working process according to the radar working mode flag and the radar control code;

[0060] The echo processing module 64 is used to receive the digital echo information in the receiver 4, and filter, accumulate and suppress clutter on the radar echo according to the radar working mode mark and the radar control code to obtain the radar echo information, and transmit the echo information to the radar echo display module 66. When the radar working mode mark is beacon or beacon composite, the radar echo is processed and identified as a beacon while obtaining the radar echo information to obtain the beacon position feature data, and the beacon position feature data is transmitted to the beacon decoding module 67;

[0061] The radar working mode response module 65 identifies the current working mode of the radar according to the radar working mode mark, controls the radar echo display module 66 to display the radar echo information in different ways, and when the radar working mode mark is beacon or beacon composite, controls the beacon decoding module 67 to decode and display the beacon position feature data;

[0062] Reference Figure 6 The AFDX interface control module 61 includes an Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module 611, a DC / DC voltage conversion module 612, an AFDX protocol upper layer control module 613, and a state information conversion module 614. Wherein:

[0063] The Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module 611 is mainly composed of a circuit with a PHY chip as the core, which is used to implement the physical layer function of Ethernet communication, convert the network cable differential analog signal into a digital signal, and is responsible for signal transmission and reception;

[0064] The DC / DC voltage conversion module 612 is mainly composed of a circuit with a level conversion chip as the core, which is used to adjust the voltage and enhance the signal to improve the integrity of the model transmission, and provide electrical isolation for the PHY chip;

[0065] The AFDX protocol upper layer control module 613 is used to unpack and parse the digital signal converted by the Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module 611 according to the AFDX protocol, extract data information, and send it to the state information conversion module 614, and encapsulate the radar information sent by the state information conversion module 614. After the encapsulation is completed, the data packet is sent to the Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module 611 for data sending operation;

[0066] The state information conversion module 614 is used to convert the AFDX data extracted by the AFDX protocol upper layer control module 613 into the radar working mode flag used inside the radar, and comprehensively convert the radar state information into an AFDX data packet and send it to the AFDX protocol upper layer control module 613;

[0067] The above-mentioned AFDX interface control module 61, radar control module 62, radar timing module 63, and echo processing module 64 are implemented by field-editable gate array FPGA, the radar working mode response module 65, radar echo display module 66 and beacon decoding module 67 are set in the microprocessor, and the Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module 611 and DC / DC voltage conversion module 612 are implemented by hardware circuits.

[0068] Reference Figure 7 , the antenna driver 2 comprises: a driving motor module 21 and a control feedback module 22, wherein:

[0069] The driving motor module 21 is mainly composed of a motor 211 and an angle sensor 212. The motor 211 is installed on the base of the antenna driver 2, and drives the mechanical rotating part of the antenna driver to rotate through gear transmission, so that the antenna installed thereon performs azimuth scanning and pitch adjustment accordingly; the angle sensor 212 is installed on the antenna rotation axis, and is used to convert the antenna rotation angle into an antenna angle feedback signal and transmit it to the control feedback module 22;

[0070] The control feedback module 22 is used to receive the antenna control signal sent by the signal processing unit 6, and at the same time receive the antenna angle feedback signal from the angle sensor 212, and generate a motor drive signal by integrating the two signals and transmit it to the motor 211 to control its rotation.

[0071] The above description is only a specific example of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation to the present invention. It is obvious that for professionals in this field, after understanding the content and principles of the present invention, it is possible to make various modifications and changes in form and details without departing from the principles and structures of the present invention. However, these modifications and changes based on the ideas of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airborne weather radar based on AFDX interface control, comprising an antenna (1), an antenna driver (2), a transmitter (3), a receiver (4), a control unit (5), a signal processing unit (6) and a power supply module (8), characterized in that: The signal processing unit (6) comprises: an AFDX interface control module (61), which receives radar external interface control instructions, operations and current aircraft status information through an external AFDX interface, converts them into radar working mode flags used inside the radar, and sends them to a radar control module (62), a radar timing module (63), an echo processing module (64) and a radar working mode response module (65); A radar control module (62) is used to generate a radar control code and transmit it to a radar timing module (63) and an echo processing module (64) and control their working states; A radar timing module (63) for generating timing signals and clock signals required by a radar control module (62) and an echo processing module (64) during radar operation; The echo processing module (64) is used to receive and process the digitized echo information in the receiver (4) to obtain radar echo information and beacon position characteristic data, and transmit the echo information to the radar echo display module (66). When the radar working mode is marked as beacon or beacon composite, the beacon position characteristic data is transmitted to the beacon decoding module (67).

2. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AFDX interface control module (61) comprises: an Ethernet bus physical layer analysis submodule (611), a DC / DC voltage conversion submodule (612), an AFDX protocol upper layer control submodule (613), and a state information conversion submodule (614); The Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module (611) is mainly composed of a circuit with a PHY chip as the core, which is used to realize the physical layer function of Ethernet communication, convert the network cable differential analog signal into a digital signal, and is responsible for signal transmission and reception; The DC / DC voltage conversion module (612) is mainly composed of a circuit with a level conversion chip as the core, which is used to adjust the voltage and enhance the signal, improve the integrity of signal transmission, and provide electrical isolation for the PHY chip; The AFDX protocol upper layer control module (613) is used to unpack and parse the digital signal converted by the Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module (611) according to the AFDX protocol, extract data information, and send it to the state information conversion module (614); after encapsulating the radar information sent by the state information conversion module (614), the data packet is sent to the Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module (611) for data sending operation; The state information conversion module (614) is used to convert the AFDX data extracted by the AFDX protocol upper layer control module (613) into a radar working mode flag used inside the radar, and to convert the radar state information into an AFDX data packet and send it to the AFDX protocol upper layer control module (613).

3. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that The radar control module (62), the radar timing module (63), the echo processing module (64), the AFDX protocol upper layer control module (613) and the state information conversion module (614) in the AFDX interface control module (61) are all implemented by a field editable gate array FPGA; The radar working mode response module (65), the radar echo display module (66) and the beacon decoding module (67) are all arranged in a microprocessor.

4. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna (1) is mounted on the antenna driver (2), and the antenna driver (2) is connected to the signal processing unit (6) via a cable.

5. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit (5) comprises: a state decoding module (51), a transmission signal excitation module (52), and a front-end gain control module (53); the state decoding module (51) receives the radar control code transmitted by the signal processing unit (6) to generate two control signals, one of which controls the transmission signal excitation module (52) to generate a transmission excitation signal and transmits it to the transmitter (3), and the other controls the front-end gain control module (53) to generate a corresponding gain control voltage and transmits it to the receiver (4).

6. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiver (4) comprises: a radio frequency module (41), an intermediate frequency module (42) and a radar sampling module (43); The radio frequency module (41) is used to amplify the radio frequency signal transmitted from the antenna (1), convert it into an intermediate frequency signal through mixing and filtering, and transmit it to the intermediate frequency module (42); The intermediate frequency module (42) is used to further amplify the intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the radio frequency module (41) to obtain an analog signal according to the received gain control voltage transmitted by the control unit (5) and the noise power indication signal transmitted by the radar sampling module (43), and transmit the analog signal to the radar sampling module (43); The radar sampling module (43) is used to compare the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module (42) with the quantization threshold to obtain a quantized digital signal and transmit it to the signal processing unit (6); and compare the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module (42) with the local reference frequency to obtain a frequency adaptive adjustment signal and transmit it to the radio frequency module (41) so that the output intermediate frequency signal is stabilized at a fixed frequency; and then perform noise sampling and averaging on the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module (42) to obtain a noise power indication signal and return it to the intermediate frequency module (42).

7. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitter (3) comprises: a modulator (31), a transformer (32) and a magnetron (33); The modulator (31) is used to receive the transmission excitation signal sent by the control unit (5) and generate a high-power pulse to transmit to the transformer (32); The transformer (32) is used to convert the high-power pulse generated by the modulator from a low voltage to a high voltage and transmit it to the magnetron (33); The magnetron (33) is used to convert high-voltage pulses into high-power radio frequency signals for transmission to the antenna (1).

8. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna driver (2) comprises: a driving motor module (21) and a control feedback module (22); The driving motor module (21) is mainly composed of a motor (211) and an angle sensor (212); the motor (211) is mounted on the base of the antenna driver (2) and drives the mechanical rotating part of the antenna driver to rotate through gear transmission, so that the antenna mounted thereon performs azimuth scanning and pitch adjustment accordingly; the angle sensor (212) is mounted on the antenna rotation shaft and is used to convert the antenna rotation angle into an antenna angle feedback signal and transmit it to the control feedback module (22); The control feedback module (22) is used to receive the antenna control signal sent by the signal processing unit (6) and simultaneously receive the antenna angle feedback signal sent by the angle sensor (212), and generate a motor drive signal by integrating the two signals and transmit it to the motor (211) to control its rotation.

9. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna (1) is a flat-plate slot antenna, which is used to radiate the high-power radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmitter (3) in a directionally radiated manner, and to receive the radio frequency signal reflected by the target and transmit it to the receiver (4).

10. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power supply module (8) is respectively connected to the antenna driver (2), the transmitter (3), the receiver (4), the control unit (5), the signal processing unit (6) and the transceiver switch (7), and is used to convert the fixed voltage provided by the carrier into the power supply voltage required by it.

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