Camera module and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a camera module and electronic equipment. The camera module comprises a first optical element, a second optical element and a photosensitive element which are arranged from an object side to an image side. The first optical element comprises an incident surface, a first reflecting surface and an emergent surface which are arranged from the object side to the image side, the incident surface is convex at a paraxial position, the first reflecting surface is used for changing the propagation direction of the optical axis, and the emergent surface is concave at a paraxial position. The second optical element includes at least one lens. In the anti-shake process of the camera module, the first optical element moves, and the photosensitive element is kept fixed. The optical anti-shake mechanism of the camera module is low in cost and good in imaging quality.

Description

Camera modules and electronic devices

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on May 16, 2023, with application number 202310556257.4 and application name “Camera module and electronic device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of photographing equipment, and in particular to a camera module and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0003] Currently, camera modules in electronic devices use periscope telephoto lenses to achieve long-focus shooting without significantly increasing the module size. Periscope telephoto lenses incorporate a reflector in their optical path to fold the light path. They can also incorporate a convex lens on the object side of the reflector to achieve a large aperture.

[0004] These camera modules typically achieve stabilization through two approaches: the first involves motion of the photosensitive element, and the second involves motion of the reflector. The first approach requires complex and costly design for the photosensitive element's drive mechanism and circuitry, leading to a high cost for the camera module. While the second approach utilizes a simple and cost-effective reflector drive mechanism, stabilization through mirror motion can severely degrade the camera module's image quality, resulting in poor image quality. Therefore, achieving low-cost, high-quality camera modules with stabilization is a key research area for manufacturers.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a camera module and electronic equipment with low cost and high imaging quality.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a camera module. The camera module includes a telephoto lens and a photosensitive element, with the photosensitive element located on the image side of the telephoto lens. The telephoto lens includes a first optical element and a second optical element. The first optical element includes an incident surface, a first reflective surface, and an exit surface arranged from the object side to the image side. The incident surface is convex near the optical axis. The first reflective surface changes the propagation direction of the optical axis from the first direction to a second direction, which intersects the first direction. The exit surface is concave near the optical axis. The second optical element is located on the image side of the first optical element and includes at least one lens.

[0008] In which, during the anti-shake process of the camera module, the first optical element rotates around the first direction and / or around the third direction, the photosensitive element remains fixed, and the third direction intersects with the first direction and the second direction.

[0009] In the present application, the camera module can drive the movement of the first optical element via a conventional anti-shake motor, and there is no need to set an anti-shake drive mechanism on the photosensitive element, thereby reducing the cost of the optical anti-shake mechanism of the camera module. In addition, because the first optical element is provided with an incident surface with a convex structure and an exit surface with a concave structure, the incident surface and the exit surface move synchronously with the first reflective surface. Therefore, during the anti-shake process of the camera module, the incident surface can collect light, and the exit surface can compensate for aberrations, thereby reducing the module size of the camera module, realizing miniaturization of the camera module, and enhancing the anti-shake effect of the camera module and improving the imaging quality of the camera module.

[0010] In addition, in the traditional solution of achieving anti-shake by driving the image sensor to tilt (shift), since an anti-shake drive mechanism needs to be set around the image sensor, the structural design and circuit design of the anti-shake drive mechanism are relatively complex and require a large installation space. Therefore, when a photosensitive element with a sensor diagonal greater than 10mm is required, the module size of the camera module is at least 32mm or more. In the implementation of the present application, for photosensitive elements of the same size, since the photosensitive element is a fixed structure, there is no need to set up an anti-shake drive mechanism. The camera module does not need to reserve installation space for the anti-shake drive mechanism around the photosensitive element. Therefore, the module size of the camera module can be reduced, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the camera module. In some implementations, the module size can be reduced to less than 31mm.

[0011] In addition, when the overall volume of the camera module is limited, there is no need to reserve installation space for the anti-shake drive structure around the photosensitive element, so the arrangement space of the photosensitive element is relatively ample. The camera module can select a photosensitive element with a larger photosensitive area, which is conducive to achieving a large target surface of the camera module.

[0012] Therefore, the camera module implemented in the present application can achieve long-focus shooting with a large target area, low cost, small size and high imaging quality.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the focal length F1 of the first optical element and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the relationship: F1 / Fsys ≥ 1.2. In this embodiment, by setting the ratio of the focal length of the first optical element to the focal length of the telephoto lens to be greater than or equal to 1.2, the camera module can achieve better image clarity and image quality when achieving anti-shake through the movement of the first optical element.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the focal length F1 of the first optical element and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the following relationship: 22.5 ≥ F1 / Fsys ≥ 1.2. In this implementation, the camera module can be more easily miniaturized while taking into account imaging quality by further limiting the ratio F1 / Fsys of the focal length F1 of the first optical element and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens. The larger the value of F1 / Fsys, the larger the focal length F1 of the first optical element, and the easier it is for the camera module to obtain better image clarity when achieving anti-shake through the movement of the first optical element; the smaller the value of F1 / Fsys, the smaller the focal length F1 of the first optical element, and the easier it is for the camera module to achieve miniaturization.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the focal length F1 of the first optical element satisfies: F1 ≤ 380 mm. In this implementation, the camera module balances imaging quality and module miniaturization by limiting the value of the focal length F1 of the first optical element.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfies: 10 mm ≤ Fsys ≤ 40 mm.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the incident surface of the first optical element may be a spherical surface to reduce processing difficulty. The exit surface of the first optical element may be a spherical surface to reduce processing difficulty. In other implementations, the incident surface and / or the exit surface may also be aspherical.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the curvature radius L1S1R of the incident surface satisfies: 6 mm ≤ L1S1R ≤ 300 mm.

[0019] The larger the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface, the easier it is to machine. The smaller the radius of curvature L1S1R, the better the light collection effect. This implementation limits the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface to a certain range, making the incident surface easier to machine and achieving better light collection.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface satisfies: 6mm≤L1S1R≤23mm. In this implementation, the incident surface is easy to process and has a good light collection effect. The radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface can also satisfy: 10mm≤L1S1R≤20mm.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface satisfies the following conditions: 10 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 300 mm. A larger radius of curvature L2S2R makes the exit surface easier to machine, while a smaller radius of curvature L2S2R allows for better aberration compensation. This implementation limits the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface to a specific range, thereby minimizing the difficulty of machining the exit surface and achieving better aberration compensation.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface satisfies: 15 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 300 mm. In this implementation, the exit surface is easy to machine and can better compensate for aberrations. Alternatively, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface can satisfy: 16 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 40 mm.

[0023] In some possible implementations, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the following conditions: 0.4 ≤ L1S1R / Fsys ≤ 6 or 0.4 ≤ L1S1R / Fsys ≤ 1.4. In this implementation, the camera module limits the value of L1S1R / Fsys to better balance light collection performance and optical image stabilization performance.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the following conditions: 0.4 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 10 or 0.9 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 6. In this implementation, the camera module limits the value of L2S2R / Fsys to achieve better image quality and optical image stabilization performance.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the first optical element includes a first lens and a second lens, the first lens is located on the object side of the first reflective surface, and the object side surface of the first lens is the incident surface, and the second lens is located on the image side of the first reflective surface, and the image side surface of the second lens is the exit surface.

[0026] In some possible implementations, the first lens may have positive optical power, and the first lens may be used to shrink the light beam. Exemplarily, the first lens may be a convex lens. In this implementation, since the light beam entering the telephoto lens begins to shrink after passing through the first lens, when it reaches the second optical element after being reflected by the first reflective surface, it has already been shrunk over a long optical path, and the light beam diameter is smaller. The second optical element no longer becomes the maximum limit of the light aperture of the telephoto lens. Therefore, under a certain device thickness, even if the size of the second optical element is limited by the device thickness, by setting a first lens with positive optical power in the first optical element, it is possible to effectively increase the light aperture of the telephoto lens while taking into account the module size, thereby achieving a large aperture.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the aperture value of the telephoto lens may be less than or equal to 2.4. For example, the aperture value of the telephoto lens may be 1.4, 1.56, 1.66, 2.06, 2.16, 2.24, 2.36, etc.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the focal length f1 of the first lens and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the following relationship: 0.5 ≤ f1 / Fsys ≤ 20. In this implementation, by limiting the value of f1 / Fsys, the camera module can better balance light collection performance and optical image stabilization performance.

[0029] In some possible implementations, the second lens can have negative optical power to better compensate for aberrations and improve the imaging quality of the camera module. Furthermore, the second lens can reduce the angle of incidence of the light beam on the second optical element, reducing the design difficulty of the second optical element and achieving better imaging results.

[0030] In some possible implementations, the focal length f2 of the second lens and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy: -20 ≤ f2 / Fsys ≤ 0. In this implementation, the camera module can achieve better imaging quality and optical image stabilization performance by limiting the value of f2 / Fsys.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the first optical element includes a first reflector, which includes a first reflective surface and is a prism. The refractive index Nd of the first reflector satisfies the following: Nd ≤ 1.85. In this implementation, by limiting the refractive index Nd of the first reflector, since the refractive index Nd is inversely proportional to the Abbe number, the first reflector has a relatively high Abbe number, thereby achieving high dispersion performance, ensuring that excessive residual chromatic aberration is avoided, and reducing the design difficulty of the lens assembly located on its image side.

[0032] In some possible implementations, the first optical element includes a first reflector, which includes a first reflective surface and is a prism; the image-side surface of the first lens is fixed to the object-side surface of the first reflector, and the object-side surface of the second lens is fixed to the image-side surface of the second reflector. In this case, after the first optical element is assembled, the assembly structure of the first lens and / or the second lens and the first reflector is compact, which facilitates miniaturization of the camera module.

[0033] In some possible implementations, the first lens, the first reflector, and the second lens are all made of glass, and the first lens is glued to the first reflector, and the second lens is glued to the first reflector. In this implementation, the connection between the first lens and the first reflector, and the connection between the second lens and the first reflector, are both glass-to-glass glue connections. The connection process is stable and reliable, resulting in a high assembly yield of the first optical element and better optical performance of the first optical element. In some other implementations, the connection between the first lens and the first reflector, and the connection between the second lens and the first reflector, can also be achieved using a stamping process.

[0034] Exemplarily, the first reflective surface can be a plane to have good processability. In other implementations, the first reflective surface can also correct aberrations such as astigmatism when reflecting light, so as to further improve image quality or reduce volume. For example, the first reflective surface can also be a spherical surface, a cylindrical surface, or a free-form surface. Among them, the spherical surface can be convex or concave. The cylindrical surface has a curvature in one direction and extends in a straight line in another direction. Exemplarily, a high-reflective film can also be provided on the first reflective surface to improve the reflection efficiency, so that the light of the light beam enters the subsequent optical element after being completely reflected or nearly completely reflected.

[0035] In some possible implementations, the second optical element includes a first lens group and a second lens group, with the second lens group located on the image side of the first lens group. The camera module achieves focusing by moving the first lens group and / or the second lens group along the optical axis. In this implementation, the second optical element includes two lens groups, and the camera module can achieve autofocus by moving at least one of the lens groups, which is beneficial for macro photography.

[0036] Exemplarily, the first lens group has positive focal power, and the second lens group has negative focal power. In some examples, the first lens group is a movable lens group, and the second lens group is a fixed lens group, and the camera module achieves focusing by moving the first lens group along the optical axis. At this time, the focusing stroke of the first lens group is small, which can effectively suppress the deterioration of aberrations caused by focusing, so that the camera module has a strong focusing ability, the imaging quality of the camera module is high, and it has a strong macro capability. Since the focusing stroke of the first lens group is small, it is conducive to reducing the volume of the motor used to drive the movement of the first lens group, making the camera module easier to miniaturize. In addition, the second lens group can act as a field flattening lens to compensate for part of the field curvature changes caused by focusing, thereby enhancing the focusing ability of the first lens group, so that the camera module has a strong focusing ability and higher imaging quality.

[0037] In other implementations, the first lens group is a fixed lens group, the second lens group is a movable lens group, and the camera module achieves focusing by moving the second lens group along the optical axis.

[0038] In other implementations, both the first and second lens groups are movable lens groups, and the camera module can achieve focusing by moving the first and second lens groups along the optical axis. During the focusing process, the first and second lens groups can move in the same or different directions and over the same or different distances. In this case, in this implementation, the camera module has a fast focusing speed and a short focusing stroke of the lens groups, enabling macro photography.

[0039] In some possible implementations, the focal length F2 of the first lens group and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the following relationship: 0.2 ≤ F2 / Fsys ≤ 1. In this implementation, by setting F2 / Fsys ≤ 1, focusing can be achieved with a relatively small displacement of the first lens group, thereby reducing the focusing distance and improving focusing capability. Setting 0.2 ≤ F2 / Fsys facilitates controlling the aberrations of the light beam passing through the first lens group, making it easier to correct aberrations in the second lens group, and thus achieving better imaging quality for the camera module. Therefore, by rationally designing the ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens, the camera module can achieve a balanced balance between focusing capability and imaging quality.

[0040] For example, the focal length F2 of the first lens group and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens may also satisfy: 0.3≤F2 / Fsys≤0.6.

[0041] In some possible implementations, the focal length F3 of the second lens group and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the following relationship: -1.5 ≤ F3 / Fsys ≤ -0.2. For example, the focal length F3 of the second lens group and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens may also satisfy the following relationship: -0.9 ≤ F3 / Fsys ≤ -0.3.

[0042] In this implementation, by rationally designing the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens, the camera module achieves a balanced image quality between long-range and close-range shots while maintaining low assembly sensitivity, achieving more uniform image quality. This low assembly sensitivity allows for a wider range of deviations (tolerances) during assembly of the telephoto lens, making assembly easier.

[0043] In some possible implementations, the first optical element includes 2 to 3 lenses, the first lens group includes 3 to 5 lenses, and the second lens group includes 1 to 4 lenses.

[0044] Among them, the first lens closest to the object side of the first lens group can have positive optical power, so that the light beam passing through the first optical element can smoothly enter the first lens group, thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera module.

[0045] Among them, the last lens closest to the image side of the second lens group can have negative optical power to compensate for aberrations and improve the imaging quality of the camera module.

[0046] In some possible implementations, the camera module achieves focusing by moving the second optical element along the optical axis. In this case, the multiple lenses of the second optical element form a lens group. In this implementation, the optical path design and structural design of the camera module are relatively simple and easy to implement, and the camera module has excellent manufacturability.

[0047] In some possible implementations, the first optical element includes two to three lenses, and the second optical element includes three to six lenses. For example, the second optical element has positive optical power. In some implementations, the first lens of the second optical element closest to the object side can have positive optical power, and the last lens of the second optical element closest to the image side can have negative optical power. In this case, the optical path design of the camera module is simple, and the imaging quality is high.

[0048] In some possible implementations, the total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy: 0.8≤TTL / Fsys≤3.

[0049] In this implementation, by limiting the ratio of the telephoto lens's total optical length TTL to its focal length Fsys, the telephoto lens can take into account both the telephoto shooting requirements and the short total length requirements. The telephoto lens is relatively thin, which is conducive to miniaturization of the camera module.

[0050] In some possible implementations, the total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens satisfies: 15 mm ≤ TTL ≤ 50 mm. For example, the total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens may also satisfy: 15 mm ≤ TTL ≤ 30 mm.

[0051] In some possible implementations, the telephoto lens further includes a second reflective surface located on the image side of the second optical element. The second reflective surface changes the propagation direction of the optical axis from the second direction to a fourth direction, where the fourth direction intersects the second direction. In this case, the arrangement plane of the photosensitive elements can be perpendicular to the thickness of the electronic device, and the size of the target surface is not limited by the thickness of the electronic device, thereby facilitating the design of a large target surface for the camera module.

[0052] In some possible implementations, the telephoto lens has a field of view angle of less than or equal to 40°. In this implementation, by limiting the field of view angle of the telephoto lens, the camera module can better achieve telephoto shooting, has better optical image stabilization performance, and has better image quality.

[0053] In some possible implementations, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element satisfies: 2.5mm≤ImgH≤8.16mm or 2.5mm≤ImgH≤4.0mm or 4.2mm≤ImgH≤8.16mm.

[0054] In this implementation, since the photosensitive element has ample arrangement space and the camera module has relatively small size restrictions on the photosensitive element, the photosensitive element can flexibly select a larger target surface or a smaller target surface according to needs.

[0055] In some implementations, the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens is aspherical. This aspherical optical surface has varying optical powers from the paraxial region to the outer field of view, resulting in more balanced image quality. Alternatively, the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens may be a freeform surface to correct for aberrations.

[0056] In some implementations, the telephoto lens further includes an aperture stop. For example, the aperture stop can be mounted on the second optical element. In this case, the aperture stop provides better aperture adjustment, thereby improving the imaging quality of the telephoto lens. In other implementations, the aperture stop can also be mounted elsewhere in the telephoto lens, and this is not strictly limited in the present application.

[0057] The aperture diaphragm can be a spacer ring structure or a variable fan blade structure; alternatively, the aperture diaphragm can be implemented through a surface spraying process, for example, by spraying a light-shielding material onto a lens to form the aperture diaphragm. The position of the aperture diaphragm can be fixed or variable. For example, the position of the aperture diaphragm can be variable, and the aperture diaphragm can be adjusted according to the focus condition to be positioned between different lenses.

[0058] In some implementations, at least one lens of the telephoto lens may adopt special-shaped technology to reduce the size of the telephoto lens. For example, the second lens or at least one lens in the second optical element may have a cutout for reducing the height of the lens. The cutout can be implemented through the I-CUT process. By providing a cutout for reducing the height of the lens on the second lens or at least one lens in the second optical element, the size of the telephoto lens in the height direction can be effectively reduced, so that the telephoto lens can be better adapted to miniaturized electronic devices, thereby increasing the scope of application of the telephoto lens. In addition, since the height of the lens is reduced by the cutout, the lens can be provided with a larger light-transmitting aperture, thereby increasing the light transmittance of the telephoto lens and improving the imaging quality of the telephoto lens. Among them, special-shaped technology can also be used on the structural support members of the lens, such as the lens barrel and spacers, to reduce the size of the telephoto lens.

[0059] In some implementations, the peripheral side surfaces or supporting surfaces of at least one lens element of a telephoto lens may be blackened or roughened to eliminate stray light and improve image quality. The blackening treatment may be applied or plated with a matte material such as black ink, or with a film. Roughening is primarily used to increase roughness. Of course, in other implementations, the telephoto lens may also eliminate stray light through other methods, and this application is not strictly limited to this method.

[0060] In some implementations, the materials used for different lenses of the telephoto lens may have different temperature characteristics, for example, glass and plastic may be used respectively, to reduce the impact of ambient temperature.

[0061] In some implementations, a diffraction structure may be formed on the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens. In this implementation, by properly configuring the diffraction structure, chromatic aberration can be reduced, and the size of the telephoto lens can also be reduced.

[0062] In some implementations, the telephoto lens may also include a liquid lens. For example, the liquid lens may be positioned between the first and second optical elements. In this implementation, the liquid lens can enhance focusing, enabling ultra-macro photography. A liquid lens is a structural component that uses liquid as a lens, changing the curvature of the liquid to adjust the focal length.

[0063] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device comprising an image processor and any of the aforementioned camera modules, the image processor being communicatively connected to the camera module and configured to acquire and process image data from the camera module. The electronic device of the present application has good image quality and is relatively low in cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0065] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of the electronic device shown in FIG1 ;

[0066] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the camera module shown in FIG2 in some embodiments;

[0067] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module shown in FIG3 in some usage states;

[0068] FIG5 is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module shown in FIG3 in a possible embodiment;

[0069] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the camera module shown in FIG2 in other embodiments;

[0070] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module shown in FIG6 in some usage states;

[0071] FIG8 is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module shown in FIG6 in a possible embodiment;

[0072] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the camera module shown in FIG2 in other embodiments;

[0073] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module shown in FIG9 in some usage states;

[0074] FIG11 is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module shown in FIG9 in a possible embodiment;

[0075] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the camera module shown in FIG2 in other embodiments;

[0076] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module shown in FIG12 in some usage states;

[0077] FIG14 is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module shown in FIG12 in a possible embodiment;

[0078] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the camera module shown in FIG2 in other embodiments;

[0079] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module shown in FIG15 in some usage states;

[0080] FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a simulation effect of the camera module shown in FIG. 15 in a possible embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] For ease of understanding, the English abbreviations and related technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application are explained and described below.

[0082] Focal power is equal to the difference between the convergence of the image-side beam and the convergence of the object-side beam. It characterizes the ability of an optical system to deflect light.

[0083] A lens or lens group with positive optical power has a positive focal length and has the effect of converging light.

[0084] A lens or lens group with negative optical power has a negative focal length and has the effect of diverging light.

[0085] Focal length, also known as focal length, is a measure of the convergence or divergence of light in an optical system. It refers to the vertical distance from the optical center of a lens or lens group to the focal plane, when an object at infinite distance is formed through the lens or lens group. From a practical perspective, it can be understood as the distance from the center of the lens to the plane when the object is at infinite distance. For a fixed-focus lens, the position of its optical center is fixed; for a telephoto lens, changes in the optical center result in changes in the focal length.

[0086] The object side is divided by the lens. The side where the object is located is called the object side, and the surface of the lens close to the object side is called the object side.

[0087] The image side, with the lens as the boundary, the side where the image of the object is located is called the image side, and the surface of the lens close to the image side is called the image side.

[0088] The aperture diaphragm is a device used to control the amount of light that passes through the lens and enters the photosensitive surface inside the camera body. It is usually inside the lens.

[0089] Aperture, also known as F-number (Fno), is a relative value calculated by dividing the focal length of a lens by the diameter of its entrance pupil (the inverse of the relative aperture). The smaller the aperture, the more light enters the image per unit time. A larger aperture reduces the depth of field, blurring the background in photos, similar to the effect of a telephoto lens.

[0090] Total track length (TTL) refers to the total length from the surface of the lens closest to the object side to the imaging surface. TTL is the main factor affecting the height of the camera.

[0091] The imaging plane is located on the image side of all lenses in the telephoto lens, and is the plane on which the image is formed after light passes through each lens in the telephoto lens in sequence.

[0092] The optical axis is an axis running perpendicularly through the center of a lens. It's the axis running through the centers of each lens element. When light rays parallel to the optical axis enter a convex lens, an ideal convex lens would have all the rays converge at a single point behind the lens. This point is the focal point.

[0093] Focus is the point where parallel light rays converge after being refracted by a lens or group of lenses.

[0094] The image focal plane, also called the back focal plane or the second focal plane, is a plane passing through the image focus (also called the back focus or the second focus) and perpendicular to the optical axis of the system.

[0095] The Abbe number (Abbe), also known as the dispersion coefficient, is the difference ratio of the refractive index of an optical material at different wavelengths, representing the degree of dispersion of the material.

[0096] In optical instruments, the field of view (FOV) is the angle between the two edges of the maximum range through which the image of the measured object can pass, with the lens as the vertex. The field of view determines the visual range of the optical instrument. A larger field of view means a wider field of view and a smaller optical magnification.

[0097] The half-sensor diagonal ImgH (Image Hight) represents half of the diagonal length of the effective pixel area on the photosensitive chip, that is, the image height of the imaging surface.

[0098] Aberration: The paraxial region of an optical system has the properties of an ideal optical system. The paraxial light emitted from a point on the object intersects the image plane at one point (also known as the paraxial image point). However, the light rays that actually pass through different apertures of the lens are unlikely to intersect perfectly at one point. Instead, there is a certain deviation from the position of the paraxial image point. These differences are collectively called aberrations.

[0099] Longitudinal spherical aberration, also known as longitudinal chromatic aberration, positional chromatic aberration, or axial chromatic aberration, occurs when a beam of light parallel to the optical axis converges at different positions before and after passing through a lens. This aberration is called positional chromatic aberration or axial chromatic aberration. This is because the lens forms images of different wavelengths at different positions, causing the focal planes of the different colors of light to not coincide in the final image, resulting in the dispersion of the complex light.

[0100] Distortion, also known as distortion, refers to the degree to which the image formed by an optical system is distorted relative to the object itself. Distortion is caused by spherical aberration. The height at which the chief rays of light from different fields of view intersect the Gaussian image plane after passing through the optical system is not equal to the ideal image height. The difference between the two is the distortion. Therefore, distortion only changes the image position of off-axis object points on the ideal plane, distorting the image shape but not affecting image clarity.

[0101] Astigmatism occurs when an object point is not on the optical axis of an optical system. The resulting beam is tilted at an angle to the optical axis. After refraction through a lens, the convergence points of the meridional and sagittal beamlets are not aligned. This means the beam cannot be focused to a single point, resulting in an unclear image. Astigmatism is the name given to beams in two perpendicular planes within a rotationally symmetric optical system.

[0102] Meridian plane: The plane formed by the chief ray (chief beam) of an object point outside the optical axis and the optical axis is called the meridian plane.

[0103] The sagittal plane is the plane that passes through the main ray (main beam) of the object point outside the optical axis and is perpendicular to the meridian plane.

[0104] Field curvature describes the difference in the optical axis between the sharpest image point of non-central field rays and the sharpest image point of the central field rays after passing through an optical lens system. When a lens exhibits field curvature, the intersection of the entire light beam does not coincide with the ideal image point. Although a sharp image point can be obtained at each specific point, the entire image plane is a curved surface.

[0105] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " represents or, for example, A / B can represent A or B; "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" refers to two or more than two.

[0106] In the following, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to imply or suggest relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0107] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the limitations of the relative positional relationship mentioned, such as parallel, perpendicular, etc., are all for the current state of the art, rather than absolutely strict limitations, and a small amount of deviation is allowed, and it is possible to be approximately parallel, approximately perpendicular, etc. For example, A and B are parallel, which means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. For example, A and B are perpendicular, which means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.

[0108] The embodiments of the present application provide a camera module and an electronic device including the camera module. The camera module includes a first optical element, a second optical element and a photosensitive element arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element includes an incident surface, a first reflective surface and an exit surface arranged from the object side to the image side, the incident surface is a convex surface near the optical axis, the first reflective surface is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis, and the exit surface is a concave surface near the optical axis. The second optical element includes at least one lens. During the anti-shake process of the camera module, the first optical element moves and the photosensitive element remains fixed. At this time, the camera module can drive the first optical element to move by a conventional anti-shake motor, and there is no need to set an anti-shake drive mechanism on the photosensitive element, thereby reducing the cost of the optical anti-shake mechanism of the camera module. Moreover, since the first optical element is provided with an incident surface having a convex structure and an exit surface having a concave structure, the incident surface and the exit surface move synchronously with the reflecting surface. Therefore, during the anti-shake process of the camera module, the incident surface can collect light and the exit surface can compensate for the aberration, which is beneficial to reducing the module size of the camera module, realizing the miniaturization of the camera module, and can enhance the anti-shake effect of the camera module and improve the imaging quality of the camera module.

[0109] Among them, electronic devices can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, cameras, wearable devices and other devices with photo or video recording functions, and wearable devices can be bracelets, watches, glasses and other devices.

[0110] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application, and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of the electronic device 100 shown in Figure 1. In this embodiment, the electronic device 100 is described as a mobile phone. It will be understood that Figures 1 and 2 only schematically illustrate some components included in the electronic device 100, and the actual shape, actual size, actual position and actual structure of these components are not limited to Figures 1 and 2. The electronic device 100 may also include more or fewer components than those in Figures 1 and 2.

[0111] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include a screen 10, a back shell 20, a camera module 30, and a camera decorative cover 40. The screen 10 is used to display images, videos, etc. The screen 10 includes a transparent cover 101 and a display screen 102. The transparent cover 101 and the display screen 102 are stacked and fixedly connected. The transparent cover 101 is mainly used to protect the display screen 102 and prevent dust. The material of the transparent cover 101 includes but is not limited to glass. The display screen 102 can be a flexible display screen or a rigid display screen. For example, the display screen 102 may be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display screen, a mini organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen, a micro organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen, a micro organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) display screen, a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc.

[0112] Exemplarily, the back shell 20 is used to protect the internal electronic components of the electronic device 100. The back shell 20 includes a back cover 201 and a frame 202. The back cover 201 is located on the side of the display screen 102 away from the transparent cover plate 101, and is stacked with the transparent cover plate 101 and the display screen 102. The frame 202 is fixed to the back cover 201. Exemplarily, the frame 202 can be fixed to the back cover 201 by adhesive. The frame 202 can also be an integrally molded structure with the back cover 201, that is, the frame 202 and the back cover 201 are an integral structure. The frame 202 is located between the back cover 201 and the transparent cover plate 101. The transparent cover plate 101 can be fixed to the frame 202 by adhesive. The transparent cover plate 101, the back cover 201 and the frame 202 enclose an internal storage space of the electronic device 100. The internal storage space accommodates the display screen 102.

[0113] For example, the camera module 30 is used to take photos / videos. For example, the camera module 30 can be located in the internal storage space of the electronic device 100. The number of camera modules 30 can be one or more, for example, two are used as an example in this embodiment. The camera module 30 can be used as a rear camera module or a front camera module.

[0114] Exemplarily, the light incident surface of the camera module 30 faces the back cover 201. A mounting opening 2011 is provided on the back cover 201, and the camera decorative cover 40 covers and is fixed to the mounting opening 2011. The camera decorative cover 40 is used to protect the camera module 30. In some embodiments, the camera decorative cover 40 protrudes to the side of the back cover 201 away from the light-transmitting cover plate 101. In this way, the camera decorative cover 40 can increase the installation space of the camera module 30 in the thickness direction of the electronic device 100. In other embodiments, the camera decorative cover 40 can also be flush with the back cover 201 or recessed into the internal accommodation space of the electronic device 100. A light-transmitting window 401 is provided on the camera decorative cover 40. The light-transmitting window 401 allows scene light to enter the light-incident surface of the camera module 30. In this embodiment, the camera module 30 is used as a rear camera module of the electronic device 100. For example, the two camera modules 30 can be camera module 301 and camera module 302, respectively. Camera module 301 can be used as a rear main camera module, and camera module 302 can be used as a rear telephoto camera module. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 can further include another camera module 30 used as a rear wide-angle camera module.

[0115] In other embodiments, the light incident surface of the camera module 30 faces the transparent cover plate 101. A light path avoidance hole is provided on the display screen 102. The light path avoidance hole allows scene light to pass through the transparent cover plate 101 and then enter the light incident surface of the camera module 30. In this way, the camera module 30 serves as the front camera module of the electronic device 100.

[0116] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2 , the electronic device 100 further includes a circuit board 50 and an image processor 60, and the circuit board 50 and the image processor 60 are located in the internal accommodation space of the electronic device 100, and the image processor 60 is fixed to the circuit board 50 and electrically connected to the circuit board 50. The image processor 60 is communicatively connected to the camera module 30. The image processor 60 is used to obtain image data from the camera module 30 and process the image data. Among them, the communication connection between the camera module 30 and the image processor 60 may include data transmission through electrical connection methods such as wiring, and data transmission may also be achieved through coupling and other methods. It is understandable that the camera module 30 and the image processor 60 may also achieve communication connection through other methods that can achieve data transmission.

[0117] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may further include an analog-to-digital converter (also referred to as an A / D converter, not shown). The analog-to-digital converter is connected between the camera module 30 and the image processor 60. The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the signal generated by the camera module 30 into a digital image signal and transmit it to the image processor 60. The image processor 60 then processes the digital image signal and ultimately displays the image or video on the screen 10.

[0118] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may further include a memory (not shown), which is communicatively connected to the image processor 60. The image processor 60 processes the digital image signal and then transfers the image to the memory, so that the image can be retrieved from the memory and displayed on the screen 10 at any time when the image is needed. In some embodiments, the image processor 60 may also compress the processed digital image signal before storing it in the memory to save memory space.

[0119] In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may not include the screen 10 and / or the camera decorative cover 40 .

[0120] It is understood that the installation position of the camera module 30 of the electronic device 100 in the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2 is merely illustrative, and this application does not strictly limit the installation position of the camera module 30. In some other embodiments, the camera module 30 may also be installed in other positions of the electronic device 100, for example, the camera module 30 may be installed in the upper middle or upper right corner of the back of the electronic device 100. In some other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include a terminal body and an auxiliary component that can be rotated, moved, or disassembled relative to the terminal body, and the camera module 30 may also be provided on the auxiliary component.

[0121] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 2 in some embodiments, and Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 3 in some usage states.

[0122] In some embodiments, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a photosensitive element 2, and a filter 3. The photosensitive element 2 is located on the image side of the telephoto lens 1. The camera module 302 may also include a circuit board (not shown in the figure), and the photosensitive element 2 may be fixed to the circuit board. The filter 3 may be located between the telephoto lens 1 and the photosensitive element 2. Light can pass through the telephoto lens 1 and illuminate the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 2. Exemplarily, the working principle of the camera module 302 is as follows: the light reflected by the photographed scene generates an optical image through the telephoto lens 1 and is projected onto the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 2. The photosensitive element 2 converts the optical image into an electrical signal, i.e., an analog image signal, and transmits it to the analog-to-digital converter, so as to be converted into a digital image signal through the analog-to-digital converter and given to the image processor 60.

[0123] The photosensitive element 2 (also known as an image sensor) is a semiconductor chip with hundreds of thousands to millions of photodiodes on its surface. When exposed to light, these diodes generate an electrical charge. Photosensitive element 2 can be a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS). A CCD is made of a highly sensitive semiconductor material that converts light into electrical charge. A CCD consists of many photosensitive units, typically measured in megapixels. When light strikes the CCD surface, each unit reflects an electrical charge on the component. The signals generated by all the units are combined to form a complete image. CMOS devices primarily utilize semiconductors made of silicon and germanium, resulting in the coexistence of semiconductors with N (negative) and P (positive) polarities. The current generated by these two complementary effects can be recorded and interpreted as an image by the processing chip.

[0124] The telephoto lens 1 mainly uses the refraction principle of the lens to form an image, that is, the light of the scene passes through the telephoto lens 1 to form a clear image on the focal plane, and the image of the scene is recorded by the photosensitive element 2 located on the focal plane.

[0125] Filter 3 is used to filter out unwanted wavelengths of light, preventing false colors or moire on photosensitive element 2, thereby improving its effective resolution and color reproduction. By way of example, filter 3 may be an infrared filter. In this embodiment, filter 3 is a standalone component. In other embodiments, the filter structure may be eliminated, and filtering may be achieved by surface or material treatment of at least one optical element of telephoto lens 1. This application does not impose strict limitations on the specific embodiments of the structural components or structures used to achieve filtering.

[0126] The telephoto lens 1 can be a vertical lens or a periscope lens. This embodiment is described using the periscope lens as an example. When the telephoto lens 1 is a periscope lens, it can be better applied to thin electronic devices.

[0127] In some embodiments, the telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1 and a second optical element G2, and the second optical element G2 is located on the image side of the first optical element G1. Exemplarily, the first optical element G1 includes an incident surface 11, a first reflective surface 12, and an exit surface 13 arranged from the object side to the image side. The incident surface 11 is convex near the optical axis. The first reflective surface 12 changes the propagation direction of the optical axis from the first direction Z to the second direction X, and the second direction X intersects with the first direction Z. For example, the second direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Z. The exit surface 13 is concave near the optical axis. The second optical element G2 includes at least one lens. The photosensitive element 2 is located on the image side of the second optical element G2.

[0128] Exemplarily, the first optical element G1 is a movable structure, and the photosensitive element 2 is a fixed structure. The camera module 302 achieves optical image stabilization through the movement of the first optical element G1. During the image stabilization process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 rotates about the first direction Z and / or about the third direction Y, while the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed. The third direction Y intersects the first direction Z and the second direction X. For example, the third direction Y can be perpendicular to the second direction X and perpendicular to the first direction Z.

[0129] In the embodiment of the present application, the camera module 302 can drive the first optical element G1 to move via a conventional anti-shake motor, eliminating the need for an anti-shake drive mechanism on the photosensitive element 2. This reduces the cost of the optical anti-shake mechanism of the camera module 302. Furthermore, because the first optical element G1 includes a convex incident surface 11 and a concave exit surface 13, the incident surface 11 and the exit surface 13 move synchronously with the first reflective surface 12. Therefore, during the anti-shake operation of the camera module 302, the incident surface 11 can collect light, and the exit surface 13 can compensate for aberrations. This helps reduce the size of the camera module 302, miniaturizing the camera module 302, enhancing the anti-shake effect of the camera module 302, and improving the imaging quality of the camera module 302.

[0130] Furthermore, in conventional solutions that achieve image stabilization by driving the image sensor to tilt (shift), an anti-shake drive mechanism must be installed around the image sensor. This requires complex structural and circuit designs and occupies a large installation space. Therefore, when a photosensitive element with a sensor diagonal greater than 10 mm is required, the camera module must have a module size of at least 32 mm. However, in the embodiments of the present application, for photosensitive elements of the same size, since the photosensitive element 2 is a fixed structure, an anti-shake drive mechanism is not required. Therefore, the camera module 302 does not need to reserve installation space for the anti-shake drive mechanism around the photosensitive element 2. Therefore, the module size of the camera module 302 can be reduced, thereby facilitating miniaturization of the camera module 302. In some embodiments, the module size can be reduced to less than 31 mm.

[0131] In addition, when the overall volume of the camera module 302 is limited, since there is no need to reserve installation space for the anti-shake drive structure around the photosensitive element 2, the arrangement space of the photosensitive element 2 is relatively ample. The camera module 302 can select a photosensitive element 2 with a larger photosensitive area, which is conducive to achieving a large target surface of the camera module 302.

[0132] Therefore, the camera module 302 of the embodiment of the present application can achieve long-focus shooting with a large target area, low cost, small size and high imaging quality.

[0133] For example, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element 2 can satisfy: 2.5mm≤ImgH≤8.16mm. In the embodiment of the present application, since the photosensitive element 2 has a relatively ample arrangement space, the camera module 302 has a smaller size limit on the photosensitive element 2, so the photosensitive element 2 can flexibly select a larger target surface or a smaller target surface as needed. For example, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element 2 can satisfy: 4.2mm≤ImgH≤8.16mm. For example, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element 2 can be 4.4mm, 5.11mm, 6.2mm, 6.8mm, 7.3mm, etc. Alternatively, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element 2 can satisfy: 2.5mm≤ImgH≤4.0mm. For example, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element 2 can be 2.8mm, 3.2mm, 3.6mm, 3.8mm, etc.

[0134] In some embodiments, the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy the relationship: F1 / Fsys ≥ 1.2. For example, the value of F1 / Fsys can be 1.5, 1.82, 2.17, 2.23, 2.76, 3.19, 7.3, 12.46, 15.66, 18, etc. In this embodiment, by setting the ratio of the focal length of the first optical element G1 to the focal length of the telephoto lens 1 to be greater than or equal to 1.2, the camera module 302 can achieve better image clarity when achieving anti-shake through the movement of the first optical element G1, thereby obtaining better imaging quality.

[0135] For example, the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy the following relationship: 22.5 ≥ F1 / Fsys ≥ 1.2. In this embodiment, the camera module 302 can be more easily miniaturized while taking into account imaging quality by further limiting the ratio F1 / Fsys of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1. The larger the value of F1 / Fsys, the larger the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1, and the easier it is for the camera module 302 to achieve better image clarity when achieving anti-shake through the movement of the first optical element G1; the smaller the value of F1 / Fsys, the smaller the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1, and the easier it is for the camera module 302 to achieve module miniaturization.

[0136] In some embodiments, the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may satisfy the following relationship: 10mm≤Fsys≤40mm. For example, the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may be 12mm, 14.8994mm, 15mm, 18.9mm, 19.7997mm, 20mm, 22.5mm, 24mm, 28mm, etc. Furthermore, the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may also satisfy the following relationship: 14mm≤Fsys≤25mm.

[0137] In some embodiments, the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 satisfies the following: F1 ≤ 380 mm. For example, the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 can be 38.5 mm, 41.049 mm, 44.236 mm, 47.5816 mm, 52.2544 mm, 146.05 mm, 180 mm, 210.32 mm, 240 mm, etc. The focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 can also satisfy the following: F1 ≤ 180 mm. In this embodiment, the camera module 302 balances imaging quality and module miniaturization by limiting the value of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1.

[0138] In some embodiments, the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 can be a spherical surface to reduce processing difficulty. The exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 can be a spherical surface to reduce processing difficulty. In other embodiments, the incident surface 11 and / or the exit surface 13 can also be aspherical surfaces.

[0139] In some embodiments, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 may satisfy the following condition: 6mm≤L1S1R≤300mm. For example, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 may be 9mm, 12.25mm, 13.5904mm, 13.6843mm, 13.8907mm, 14.9683mm, 17.748mm, 19.5mm, 21mm, 38mm, 100mm, etc. The larger the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11, the easier it is to process the incident surface 11. The smaller the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11, the better the light collection effect of the incident surface 11. This embodiment limits the value of the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 to a certain range, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the incident surface 11 and improving the light collection effect.

[0140] For example, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 can satisfy the following conditions: 6 mm ≤ L1S1R ≤ 23 mm. In this embodiment, the incident surface 11 is easy to process and provides excellent light collection. Alternatively, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 can satisfy the following conditions: 10 mm ≤ L1S1R ≤ 20 mm.

[0141] In some embodiments, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 may satisfy the following condition: 10 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 300 mm. For example, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 may be 13.25 mm, 15.8 mm, 17.686 mm, 21.7868 mm, 26.4989 mm, 27.8264 mm, 33.8659 mm, 43.5 mm, 62 mm, 100 mm, etc. A larger radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 makes the exit surface 13 easier to machine, while a smaller radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 allows for better aberration compensation. This embodiment limits the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 to a certain range, thereby reducing the machining difficulty of the exit surface 13 and improving the aberration compensation effect.

[0142] For example, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 can satisfy the following conditions: 15 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 300 mm. In this embodiment, the exit surface 13 is easy to process and can better compensate for aberrations. Alternatively, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 can satisfy the following conditions: 16 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 40 mm.

[0143] In some embodiments, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may satisfy the following relationship: 0.4 ≤ L1S1R / Fsys ≤ 6. For example, the value of L1S1R / Fsys may be 0.45, 0.56, 0.69, 0.72, 0.73, 0.75, 1.19, 1.28, 2.4, 3, 4.5, etc. For example, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may also satisfy the following relationship: 0.4 ≤ L1S1R / Fsys ≤ 1.4. Alternatively, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may also satisfy the following relationship: 0.6 ≤ L1S1R / Fsys ≤ 1.2. In this embodiment, the camera module 302 limits the value of L1S1R / Fsys to better balance light collection performance and optical image stabilization performance.

[0144] Exemplarily, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may satisfy the following relationship: 0.4 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 10. For example, the value of L2S2R / Fsys may be 0.48, 0.76, 0.95, 1.15, 1.32, 1.41, 2.27, 3.8, 4.9, 5.8, etc. For example, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may also satisfy the following relationship: 0.9 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 6. Alternatively, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may also satisfy the following relationship: 1.1 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 3. In this embodiment, the camera module 302 limits the value of L2S2R / Fsys to achieve better imaging quality and optical image stabilization performance.

[0145] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3 , the first optical element G1 may include a first lens L1 and a second lens L2. The first lens L1 is located on the object side of the first reflective surface 12, and the object-side surface of the first lens L1 serves as the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1. The second lens L2 is located on the image side of the first reflective surface 12, and the image-side surface of the second lens L2 serves as the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1. The first lens L1 and / or the second lens L2 may be formed using processes such as injection molding, molding, or polishing and grinding. The first lens L1 and / or the second lens L2 may be made of glass or plastic.

[0146] Exemplarily, the first lens L1 can have positive optical power, and the first lens L1 can be used to narrow the light beam. Exemplarily, the first lens L1 can be a convex lens. In this embodiment, since the light beam entering the telephoto lens 1 begins to narrow after passing through the first lens L1, by the time it reaches the second optical element G2 after being reflected by the first reflective surface 12, it has already narrowed over a long optical path, resulting in a smaller light beam diameter. Therefore, the second optical element G2 no longer becomes the maximum limit on the clear aperture of the telephoto lens 1. Therefore, within a certain device thickness, even if the size of the second optical element G2 is limited by the device thickness, by placing the first lens L1 with positive optical power in the first optical element G1, the clear aperture of the telephoto lens 1 can be effectively increased while taking into account the module size, achieving a large aperture.

[0147] In some embodiments, the aperture value of the telephoto lens 1 may be less than or equal to 2.4. For example, the aperture value of the telephoto lens 1 may be 1.4, 1.56, 1.66, 2.06, 2.16, 2.24, 2.36, etc.

[0148] The focal length f1 of the first lens L1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy the following relationship: 0.5 ≤ f1 / Fsys ≤ 20. For example, the value of f1 / Fsys can be 0.8, 1.16, 1.19, 1.41, 1.67, 1.92, 2.8, 3.9, 5.6, etc. For example, the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy the following relationship: 1.1 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 1.7 or 1.9 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 12. In this embodiment, by limiting the value of f1 / Fsys, the camera module 302 can better balance light collection performance and optical image stabilization performance.

[0149] For example, the second lens L2 can have negative optical power to better compensate for aberrations and improve the imaging quality of the camera module 302. In addition, the second lens L2 can reduce the incident angle of the light beam on the second optical element G2, reducing the design difficulty of the second optical element G2 and achieving better imaging effects.

[0150] The focal length f2 of the second lens L2 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy the following relationship: -20 ≤ f2 / Fsys ≤ 0. For example, the value of f2 / Fsys can be -8.8, -5.6, -3.67, -2.88, -1.86, -1.51, -1.49, -1.2, -0.8, etc. For example, the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy the following relationship: -12 ≤ f2 / Fsys ≤ -1.48 or -1.2 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ -0.5. In this embodiment, by limiting the value of f2 / Fsys, the camera module 302 can achieve better imaging quality and optical image stabilization performance.

[0151] In some embodiments, when the camera module 302 is mounted on the electronic device 100, the first direction Z may be parallel to the thickness direction of the electronic device 100, and the second direction X may be parallel to the length direction or the width direction of the electronic device 100. In the embodiments of the present application, the specific directions of the first direction Z and the second direction X are not strictly limited.

[0152] In this embodiment, the telephoto lens 1 changes the direction of light propagation by providing a first reflective surface 12 within the first optical element G1. This allows the propagation direction of the light beam within the second optical element G2 to differ from the direction of the light beam entering the electronic device 100. This allows for greater flexibility in the placement, angle, and space of the camera module 302, enabling the telephoto lens 1 to be used in periscope-style camera modules 302. Furthermore, the first reflective surface 12 deflects the light path, compressing the module size and facilitating miniaturization of the camera module 302.

[0153] In some embodiments, the first optical element G1 may further include a first reflective member 1a, which includes a first reflective surface 12 of the first optical element G1. For example, the first reflective member 1a may be a prism. In this case, one of the surfaces of the first reflective member 1a forms the first reflective surface 12. For example, the first reflective member 1a may include an object side surface, a reflective surface, and an image side surface. The object side surface of the first reflective member 1a faces the first lens L1, the image side surface of the first reflective member 1a faces the second lens L2, and the reflective surface of the first reflective member 1a forms the first reflective surface 12. Light enters from the object side surface of the first reflective member 1a, is reflected from the reflective surface of the first reflective member 1a (i.e., the first reflective surface 12), and is then emitted from the image side surface of the first reflective member 1a. The first reflective member 1a may be formed by processes such as injection molding, molding, or polishing and grinding. The first reflective member 1a may be made of glass or plastic.

[0154] Exemplarily, the refractive index Nd of the first reflector 1a may satisfy: Nd ≤ 1.85. For example, the refractive index Nd of the first reflector 1a may be 1.49, 1.54, 1.62, 1.72, etc. For example, the refractive index Nd of the first reflector 1a may also satisfy: Nd ≤ 1.78. In this embodiment, by limiting the value of the refractive index Nd of the first reflector 1a, since the refractive index Nd is inversely proportional to the Abbe number, the Abbe number of the first reflector 1a is relatively high, thereby having higher dispersion performance, thereby ensuring that excessive residual chromatic aberration is not generated, and reducing the design difficulty of the lens group located on its image side.

[0155] Exemplarily, the first reflective surface 12 can be a plane to have good processability. In other embodiments, the first reflective surface 12 can also correct aberrations such as astigmatism when realizing light reflection, so as to further improve image quality or reduce volume. For example, the first reflective surface 12 can also be a spherical surface, a cylindrical surface, or a free-form surface. Among them, the spherical surface can be convex or concave. The cylindrical surface has curvature in one direction and extends in a straight line in another direction. Exemplarily, a high-reflective film can also be provided on the first reflective surface 12 to improve the reflection efficiency, so that the light of the light beam enters the subsequent optical element after being completely reflected or nearly completely reflected.

[0156] In the embodiment of the present application, the incident surface 11 , the first reflecting surface 12 , and the emitting surface 13 of the first optical element G1 maintain a fixed relative positional relationship.

[0157] In some embodiments, the image-side surface of the first lens L1 is fixed to the object-side surface of the first reflector 1a, and the object-side surface of the second lens L2 is fixed to the image-side surface of the first reflector 1a. The image-side surface of the first lens L1 can be a flat surface, and / or the object-side surface of the second lens L2 can be a flat surface. In this case, after the first optical element G1 is assembled, the assembly structure of the first lens L1 and / or the second lens L2 and the first reflector 1a is compact, facilitating miniaturization of the camera module 302.

[0158] Exemplarily, the first lens L1, the first reflector 1a, and the second lens L2 can all be made of glass, with the first lens L1 and the first reflector 1a being glued together, and the second lens L2 and the first reflector 1a being glued together. In this embodiment, the connection between the first lens L1 and the first reflector 1a, and the connection between the second lens L2 and the first reflector 1a, are both glass-to-glass glued connections. This connection process is stable and reliable, resulting in a high assembly yield of the first optical element G1 and better optical performance of the first optical element G1. In other embodiments, the connection between the first lens L1 and the first reflector 1a, and the connection between the second lens L2 and the first reflector 1a, can also be achieved using a stamping process.

[0159] In some other embodiments, the first lens L1 , the first reflector 1 a and the second lens L2 may also be integrally formed structural components, that is, the first optical element G1 may be an integral special-shaped prism.

[0160] In other embodiments, the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the first reflector 1a may be made of different materials, which is not strictly limited in this application. When the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 are made of different materials, aberrations can be reduced. The first lens L1 and the second lens L2 may have different temperature characteristics, such as thermal expansion coefficients and temperature coefficients of refractive index, to reduce the impact of ambient temperature.

[0161] In other embodiments, a gap may be provided between the first lens L1 and the object-side surface of the first reflector 1a, and / or a gap may be provided between the second lens L2 and the image-side surface of the first reflector 1a. In this case, the first lens L1 and / or the second lens L2 may be fixed to the first reflector 1a via a lens barrel or other structural member.

[0162] In some other embodiments, the first reflective member 1a of the first optical element G1 may also be a reflective mirror. In this case, the mirror surface of the reflective mirror forms the first reflective surface 12. The structural member forming the incident surface 11 (e.g., the first lens L1) and the structural member forming the exit surface 13 (e.g., the second lens L2) may be fixed to the first reflective member 1a via a structural member such as a lens barrel, so that the relative positions of the incident surface 11, the exit surface 13, and the reflective surface are fixed.

[0163] In the embodiment of the present application, the first optical element G1 may include two to three lenses. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG3 , the first optical element G1 includes two lenses. In other embodiments, the first optical element G1 may further include a lens with negative optical power located on the image side of the first lens L1 and on the object side of the first reflective surface 12. This lens, when used in conjunction with the first lens L1, forms a positive-negative lens combination structure, which can better address aberrations such as chromatic aberration.

[0164] In some embodiments, the second optical element G2 may include at least two lenses to form at least one lens group. The camera module 302 may achieve focusing by moving one or more lens groups along the optical axis.

[0165] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3, the second optical element G2 may include a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22, and the second lens group G22 is located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The camera module 302 can achieve focusing by moving the first lens group G21 and / or the second lens group G22 along the optical axis.

[0166] In this embodiment, the second optical element G2 includes two lens groups. The camera module 302 can achieve automatic focusing by moving at least one of the lens groups, which is conducive to macro photography.

[0167] Exemplarily, the first lens group G21 has positive focal power, and the second lens group G22 has negative focal power. In some examples, the first lens group G21 is a movable lens group, and the second lens group G22 is a fixed lens group, and the camera module 302 achieves focusing by moving the first lens group G21 along the optical axis. In this case, the focusing stroke of the first lens group G21 is relatively small, which can effectively suppress the deterioration of aberrations caused by focusing, so that the camera module 302 has a strong focusing ability, the camera module 302 has high imaging quality, and has strong macro capabilities. Since the focusing stroke of the first lens group G21 is relatively small, it is beneficial to reduce the size of the motor used to drive the first lens group G21 to move, making the camera module 302 easier to miniaturize. In addition, the second lens group G22 can act as a field flattener to compensate for some of the field curvature changes caused by focusing, thereby enhancing the focusing ability of the first lens group G21, so that the camera module 302 has a strong focusing ability and higher imaging quality.

[0168] In other embodiments, the first lens group G21 is a fixed lens group, the second lens group G22 is a movable lens group, and the camera module 302 achieves focusing by moving the second lens group G22 along the optical axis.

[0169] In other embodiments, both the first lens group G21 and the second lens group G22 are movable lens groups, and the camera module 302 can achieve focusing by moving the first lens group G21 and the second lens group G22 along the optical axis. During the focusing process, the first lens group G21 and the second lens group G22 can move in the same or different directions and over the same or different distances. In this case, in this embodiment, the camera module 302 has a fast focusing speed and a short focusing stroke of the lens groups, enabling macro photography.

[0170] In some embodiments, the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may satisfy the following relationship: 0.2 ≤ F2 / Fsys ≤ 1. For example, the value of F2 / Fsys may be 0.28, 0.38, 0.46, 0.51, 0.53, 0.57, 0.72, 0.8, etc. For example, the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may also satisfy the following relationship: 0.3 ≤ F2 / Fsys ≤ 0.6.

[0171] In this embodiment, by setting F2 / Fsys≤1, focusing can be achieved by moving a smaller displacement of the first lens group G21, thereby reducing the focusing stroke and improving the focusing ability; by setting 0.2≤F2 / Fsys, it is beneficial to control the aberration of the light beam passing through the first lens group G21, making it easier for the second lens group G22 to correct the aberration, and the camera module 302 has better imaging quality; therefore, by reasonably designing the ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1, the camera module 302 can take into account both focusing ability and imaging quality.

[0172] For example, the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may satisfy the following relationship: -1.5 ≤ F3 / Fsys ≤ -0.2. For example, the value of F3 / Fsys may be -1.2, -1.12, -1, -0.87, -0.44, -0.39, -0.36, -0.34, -0.26, etc. For example, the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may also satisfy the following relationship: -0.9 ≤ F3 / Fsys ≤ -0.3.

[0173] In this embodiment, by rationally designing the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1, the camera module 302 is able to balance the image quality differences between long-range and close-range shots while maintaining a low assembly sensitivity, achieving more uniform image quality. This low assembly sensitivity allows for a wider range of deviations (tolerances) during assembly of the telephoto lens 1, facilitating assembly.

[0174] It will be appreciated that the aforementioned limits on the ratio ranges of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1, the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21, and the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may exist independently or in combination. When these three ratio ranges are combined, the telephoto lens 1 can achieve improved aperture value, focusing capability, image quality, and manufacturability. In some embodiments, the camera module 302 can utilize the telephoto lens 1 to achieve both long-range photography and macro photography within 20 cm, such as macro photography at distances of 10 cm, 5 cm, or 3 cm.

[0175] In some embodiments, the first lens group G21 may include 3 to 5 lenses, and the second lens group G22 may include 1 to 4 lenses. For example, as shown in FIG3 , the first lens group G21 may include 4 lenses, namely, a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6. The second lens group G22 may include 2 lenses, namely, a seventh lens L7 and an eighth lens L8.

[0176] The first lens closest to the object side of the first lens group G21 (eg, the third lens L3 ) may have positive refractive power so that the light beam passing through the first optical element G1 can smoothly enter the first lens group G21 , thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera module 302 .

[0177] The last lens closest to the image side of the second lens group G22 (eg, the eighth lens L8 ) may have negative optical power to compensate for aberrations, thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera module 302 .

[0178] Exemplarily, the first lens group G21 and / or the second lens group G22 may include at least two lenses made of different materials to have different Abbe numbers, thereby reducing the impact of chromatic aberration on image quality. When one lens in the first lens group G21 and / or the second lens group G22 is made of a different material than another lens, the first lens group G21 and / or the second lens group G22 can be considered to include at least two lenses made of different materials. The two lenses made of different materials may have different temperature characteristics, such as thermal expansion coefficients, temperature coefficients of refractive index, etc., to reduce the impact of ambient temperature. For example, the two lenses made of different materials may be glass and plastic, respectively.

[0179] In other embodiments, the camera module 302 can also achieve focusing by moving the second optical element G2 along the optical axis. In this case, the multiple lenses of the second optical element G2 form a lens group. In this embodiment, the optical path design and structural design of the camera module 302 are relatively simple and easy to implement, and the camera module 302 has good manufacturability.

[0180] Exemplarily, the second optical element G2 has positive optical power. The second optical element G2 may include three to six lenses. In some embodiments, the first lens of the second optical element G2 closest to the object side may have positive optical power, and the last lens of the second optical element G2 closest to the image side may have negative optical power. In this case, the optical path design of the camera module 302 is simple, and the imaging quality is high.

[0181] In some other embodiments, the second optical element G2 may also include three or more lens groups.

[0182] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3 , the telephoto lens 1 may further include a third optical element G3, which includes a second reflective surface 14. The second reflective surface 14 is located on the image side of the second optical element G2. The second reflective surface 14 changes the propagation direction of the optical axis from the second direction X to a fourth direction Z', which intersects the second direction X. Because the second reflective surface 14 can change the propagation direction of the optical path, it can reduce the size, thereby facilitating miniaturization of the camera module 302.

[0183] The fourth direction Z' can be perpendicular to the second direction X. For example, the fourth direction Z' can be parallel to the first direction Z, so as to be parallel to the thickness direction of the electronic device 100. In this case, the arrangement plane of the photosensitive element 2 can be perpendicular to the thickness direction of the electronic device 100, and the size of the target surface is not limited by the size of the electronic device 100 in the thickness direction, thereby facilitating the design of a large target surface for the camera module 302. In other embodiments, the fourth direction Z' can also be located in other directions, and the specific direction of the fourth direction Z' is not strictly limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0184] In this embodiment, the optical axis O includes a first portion O1 extending from the object-side surface of the first lens L1 to the first reflective surface 12, a second portion O2 extending from the first reflective surface 12 to the second reflective surface 14, and a third portion O3 extending from the second reflective surface 14 to the photosensitive element 2. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 and the third optical element G3 remain stationary, while part or all of the second optical element G2 moves along the second portion O2 of the optical axis O to achieve focusing. Because the first, second, and third portions O1, O2, and O3 of the optical axis O do not change during the focusing process, the optical system thickness of the telephoto lens 1 is the sum of the first portion O1 and the third portion O3 of the optical axis O. Therefore, the focusing stroke of the telephoto lens 1 does not increase the thickness of the optical system, facilitating the miniaturization of the telephoto lens 1 and the camera module 302.

[0185] Exemplarily, the second reflective surface 14 can be a plane to have good processability. In other embodiments, the second reflective surface 14 can also correct aberrations such as astigmatism when realizing light reflection, so as to further improve image quality or reduce volume. For example, the second reflective surface 14 can also be a spherical surface, a cylindrical surface, or a free-form surface. Among them, the spherical surface can be convex or concave. The cylindrical surface has curvature in one direction and extends in a straight line in another direction. Exemplarily, the second reflective surface 14 can also be provided with a high-reflective film to improve the reflection efficiency, so that the light of the light beam enters the subsequent optical element after being completely reflected or nearly completely reflected.

[0186] Exemplarily, the third optical element G3 may include a second reflective member 1b, the second reflective member 1b including a second reflective surface 14, and the second reflective member 1b may be a prism or a reflective mirror. When the second reflective member 1b is a prism, the refractive index of the second reflective member 1b may be different from or the same as the refractive index of the first reflective member 1a.

[0187] In some other embodiments, the third optical element G3 may further include at least one lens, such as one or two lenses, to further adjust the optical path and improve the imaging quality of the camera module 302 .

[0188] In some other embodiments, the telephoto lens 1 may not include the third optical element G3. In this case, the light beam enters the photosensitive element 2 along the second direction X, and the arrangement plane of the photosensitive element 2 is perpendicular to the second direction X.

[0189] In some embodiments, the total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens 1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 may satisfy the relationship: 0.8≤TTL / Fsys≤3. For example, the value of TTL / Fsys may be 1.0, 1.29, 1.35, 1.43, 1.51, 1.8, 2.4, etc.

[0190] In this embodiment, by limiting the ratio of the total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1, the telephoto lens 1 takes into account both the telephoto shooting requirements and the short total length requirements. The thickness of the telephoto lens 1 is relatively small, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the camera module 302.

[0191] For example, the total optical length (TTL) of the telephoto lens 1 may satisfy the following conditions: 15mm≤TTL≤50mm. For example, the total optical length (TTL) may be 22mm, 24.46mm, 26.8042mm, 27.0324mm, 27.083mm, 29.908mm, 35mm, 40mm, etc. For example, the total optical length (TTL) of the telephoto lens 1 may also satisfy the following conditions: 15mm≤TTL≤30mm.

[0192] In some embodiments, the field of view angle of the telephoto lens 1 is less than or equal to 40°. For example, the field of view angle of the telephoto lens 1 can be 30°, 32°, 35°, 38°, etc. In this embodiment, by limiting the field of view angle of the telephoto lens 1, the camera module 302 can better achieve telephoto shooting, have better optical image stabilization performance, and improve image quality.

[0193] In some embodiments, the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens 1 is aspherical. This aspherical optical surface has varying optical powers from the paraxial region to the outer field of view, resulting in more balanced image quality. Alternatively, the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens 1 may be a freeform surface to correct for aberrations. An aspherical surface is rotationally symmetric about the optical axis O. A freeform surface can have no axis of symmetry, be symmetric along a specific direction, or be symmetric along two specific directions.

[0194] In some embodiments, the multiple lenses of the telephoto lens 1 are assembled through an active alignment (AA) process to ensure assembly accuracy.

[0195] In some embodiments, the telephoto lens 1 further includes an aperture stop (not shown). For example, the aperture stop can be mounted on the second optical element G2. In this case, the aperture stop provides better aperture adjustment, improving the imaging quality of the telephoto lens 1. For example, the aperture stop can be mounted on the object side of the first lens group G21, that is, between the second lens L2 and the third lens L3. In other embodiments, the aperture stop can also be mounted elsewhere on the telephoto lens 1, and this is not strictly limited in the present embodiment.

[0196] The aperture diaphragm can be a spacer ring structure or a variable fan blade structure; alternatively, the aperture diaphragm can be implemented through a surface spraying process, for example, by spraying a light-shielding material onto a lens to form the aperture diaphragm. The position of the aperture diaphragm can be fixed or variable. For example, the position of the aperture diaphragm can be variable, and the aperture diaphragm can be adjusted according to the focus condition to be positioned between different lenses.

[0197] In some embodiments, at least one lens of the telephoto lens 1 may utilize a special-shaped technology to reduce the size of the telephoto lens 1. For example, the second lens L2 or at least one lens in the second optical element G2 may have a cutout for reducing the height of the lens. The cutout may be implemented using an I-CUT process. By providing a cutout for reducing the height of the lens on the second lens L2 or at least one lens in the second optical element G2, the height of the telephoto lens 1 can be effectively reduced, making the telephoto lens 1 more suitable for miniaturized electronic devices 100 and increasing the applicability of the telephoto lens 1. In addition, since the height of the lens is reduced by the cutout, the lens can be provided with a larger light-transmitting aperture, thereby increasing the light transmittance of the telephoto lens 1 and improving the imaging quality of the telephoto lens 1. Special-shaped technology may also be used on structural support components of the lens, such as the lens barrel and spacers, to reduce the size of the telephoto lens 1.

[0198] In some embodiments, the peripheral side surfaces or supporting surfaces of at least one lens element of the telephoto lens 1 may be blackened or roughened to eliminate stray light and improve image quality. The blackening treatment may be applied or plated with a matte material such as black ink, or with a film. Roughening is primarily used to increase roughness. Of course, in other embodiments, the telephoto lens 1 may also eliminate stray light through other methods, which are not strictly limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0199] In some embodiments, the materials used for different lenses of the telephoto lens 1 may have different temperature characteristics, for example, glass and plastic may be used respectively to reduce the influence of the ambient temperature.

[0200] In some embodiments, a diffraction structure (not shown) may be formed on the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens 1. In this embodiment, by properly configuring the diffraction structure, chromatic aberration can be reduced and the size of the telephoto lens 1 can also be reduced.

[0201] In some embodiments, the telephoto lens 1 may further include a liquid lens (not shown). For example, the liquid lens may be positioned between the first optical element G1 and the second optical element G2. In this embodiment, the liquid lens can enhance focusing to achieve ultra-macro photography. A liquid lens is a structural component that uses liquid as a lens and changes the focal length by varying the curvature of the liquid.

[0202] The following combines data and simulation results to present a possible embodiment of the camera module 302 shown in FIG. 3 .

[0203] Please refer to Table 1a and Table 1b. Table 1a shows the radius of curvature (R), spacing (D), refractive index (Nd), and Abbe number of each lens, reflector, and filter in a possible embodiment of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 3 when focusing on a telephoto scene. The spacing includes the thickness of the structure itself and the spacing between structures. Table 1b shows the aspheric coefficients of each lens in a possible embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 3.

[0204] Table 1a

[0205] Table 1b

[0206] The aspheric surface of the telephoto lens 1 in Table 1a can be defined using, but not limited to, the following aspheric surface curve equation:

[0207] Where z is the relative distance between the point on the aspheric surface and the intersection point on the optical axis, r is the vertical distance between the point on the aspheric curve and the optical axis; c is the curvature; k is the cone coefficient, which is 0; α i is the i-th order aspheric coefficient, which can be found in Table 1b.

[0208] Please refer to Table 1c, which lists basic parameters of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 3 in one possible embodiment. In Table 1c, ImgH is the half-sensor diagonal of the photosensitive element 2, Fsys is the focal length of the telephoto lens 1, f1 is the focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2, F1 is the focal length of the first optical element G1, F2 is the focal length of the first lens group G21 of the second optical element G2, F3 is the focal length of the second lens group G22 of the second optical element G2, and TTL is the total optical length of the telephoto lens 1.

[0209] Table 1c

[0210] In this embodiment, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a filter, and a photosensitive element 2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1, a second optical element G2, and a third optical element G3 arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element G1 includes a first lens L1, a first reflector 1a, and a second lens L2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The object side surface of the first lens L1 forms an incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1, and the incident surface 11 is convex near the optical axis. The first reflector 1a includes a first reflective surface 12, and the first reflective surface 12 is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis. The first reflector 1a is a prism. The image side surface of the second lens L2 forms an exit surface 13 of the second optical element G2, and the exit surface 13 is concave near the optical axis.

[0211] The second optical element G2 includes a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22 located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The first lens group G21 includes a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6, arranged from the object side to the image side. The second lens group G22 includes a seventh lens L7 and an eighth lens L8 located on the image side of the seventh lens L7. The third optical element G3 includes a second reflector 1b, which includes a second reflective surface 14 for changing the propagation direction of the optical axis. The second reflector 1b is a prism.

[0212] During the anti-shake process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 moves, while the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed. In this case, the camera module 302 can drive the first optical element G1 to move via a conventional anti-shake motor, eliminating the need for an anti-shake drive mechanism on the photosensitive element 2. This reduces the cost of the optical anti-shake mechanism of the camera module 302. Furthermore, because the first optical element G1 includes a convex incident surface 11 and a concave exit surface 13, the incident surface 11 and the exit surface 13 move synchronously with the reflective surface. Therefore, during the anti-shake process of the camera module 302, the incident surface 11 can collect light, and the exit surface 13 can compensate for aberrations. This helps reduce the size of the camera module 302, miniaturizing the camera module 302, and enhancing the anti-shake effect and image quality of the camera module 302.

[0213] Among them, the ratio of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F1 / Fsys=2.23; the ratio of the curvature radius L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L1S1R / Fsys=0.69; and the ratio of the curvature radius L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L2S2R / Fsys=1.41.

[0214] The ratio of the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f1 / Fsys=1.41; the ratio of the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f2 / Fsys=-2.88.

[0215] The first lens group G21 is a movable lens group, and the second lens group G22 is a fixed lens group. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the first lens group G21 moves along the optical axis. The ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F2 / Fsys=0.46; the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F3 / Fsys=-0.36. The focusing stroke of the first lens group G21 can be around 2.2mm. The camera module 302 can achieve macro photography, for example, 50mm macro photography.

[0216] The ratio of the total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is TTL / Fsys=1.51.

[0217] Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module 302 shown in FIG. 3 in a possible embodiment.

[0218] Figure 5 includes graphs of axial chromatic aberration, astigmatism field curvature, and distortion for telephoto lens 1. The axial chromatic aberration graph includes spherical aberration curves corresponding to different wavelengths of the system (illustrated as 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, and 470nm). Its physical meaning is the deviation of light of corresponding wavelengths emitted at a 0-degree field of view from the ideal image point after passing through the optical system. The abscissa represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the ordinate represents the normalized coordinate at the pupil. The values ​​shown in Figure 5 are all relatively small, indicating that telephoto lens 1 has well-corrected axial aberrations (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.). The astigmatism field curvature graph illustrates the deviation of the convergence point of light beams from the ideal imaging plane for different fields of view. The abscissa represents the deviation along the optical axis for beams in the sagittal direction and the y-axis represents the corresponding field of view. Excessive field curvature indicates poor image quality or the presence of higher-order aberrations. Figure 5 shows that both directions of field curvature are relatively small, indicating a good depth of focus. Distortion diagrams are used to characterize the relative deviation between the beam convergence point (actual image height) and the ideal image height for different fields of view. As shown in Figure 5, these deviations are all within 2.5%, ensuring no noticeable distortion in the image.

[0219] Please refer to Figures 6 and 7 . Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of camera module 302 shown in Figure 2 in alternative embodiments, and Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of camera module 302 shown in Figure 6 in certain operating states. Camera module 302 shown in Figure 6 includes most of the technical features of camera module 302 shown in Figure 3 . The following primarily describes the differences between the two, and the majority of the common features are omitted.

[0220] In some embodiments, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a filter, and a photosensitive element 2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1 and a second optical element G2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element G1 includes a first lens L1, a first reflector 1a, and a second lens L2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The object side surface of the first lens L1 forms an incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1, and the incident surface 11 is convex near the optical axis. The first reflector 1a includes a first reflective surface 12, and the first reflective surface 12 is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis. The first reflector 1a is a prism. The image side surface of the second lens L2 forms an exit surface 13 of the second optical element G2, and the exit surface 13 is concave near the optical axis. During the anti-shake process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 moves and the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed.

[0221] The second optical element G2 includes a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22 located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The first lens group G21 includes a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6 arranged from the object side to the image side. The second lens group G22 includes a seventh lens L7 and an eighth lens L8 located on the image side of the seventh lens L7. The first lens group G21 is a movable lens group, while the second lens group G22 is a fixed lens group. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the first lens group G21 moves along the optical axis.

[0222] The optical axis O includes a first portion from the object-side surface of the first lens L1 to the first reflective surface 12 and a second portion from the first reflective surface 12 to the photosensitive element 2 .

[0223] The following presents a possible embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in FIG. 6 in combination with data and simulation results.

[0224] Please refer to Table 2a and Table 2b. Table 2a lists the radius of curvature (R), spacing (D), refractive index (Nd), and Abbe number of each lens, reflector, and filter in a possible embodiment of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6 when focusing on a telephoto scene. The spacing includes the thickness of the structure itself and the spacing between structures. Table 2b lists the aspheric coefficients of each lens in a possible embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 6.

[0225] Table 2a

[0226] Table 2b

[0227] The aspheric surface of the telephoto lens 1 in Table 2a can be defined using, but not limited to, the following aspheric surface curve equation:

[0228] Where z is the relative distance between the point on the aspheric surface and the intersection point on the optical axis, r is the vertical distance between the point on the aspheric curve and the optical axis; c is the curvature; k is the cone coefficient, which is 0; α i is the i-th order aspheric coefficient, which can be found in Table 2b.

[0229] Please refer to Table 2c, which lists basic parameters of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6 in one possible embodiment. In Table 2c, ImgH is the half-sensor diagonal of the photosensitive element 2, Fsys is the focal length of the telephoto lens 1, f1 is the focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2, F1 is the focal length of the first optical element G1, F2 is the focal length of the first lens group G21 of the second optical element G2, F3 is the focal length of the second lens group G22 of the second optical element G2, and TTL is the total optical length of the telephoto lens 1.

[0230] Table 2c

[0231] In this embodiment, the ratio of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F1 / Fsys=3.19; the ratio of the curvature radius L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L1S1R / Fsys=1.19; and the ratio of the curvature radius L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L2S2R / Fsys=2.27.

[0232] The ratio of the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f1 / Fsys=1.92; the ratio of the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f2 / Fsys=-3.67.

[0233] The ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F2 / Fsys = 0.51; the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F3 / Fsys = -0.39. The focusing stroke of the first lens group G21 can be approximately 2.5 mm. The camera module 302 can achieve macro photography, for example, 30 mm macro photography.

[0234] The ratio of the total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is TTL / Fsys=1.8.

[0235] Please refer to FIG. 8 , which is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module 302 shown in FIG. 6 in a possible embodiment.

[0236] Figure 8 includes axial chromatic aberration curves, astigmatism field curvature plots, and distortion plots for telephoto lens 1. The axial chromatic aberration curves include spherical aberration curves corresponding to different wavelength bands of the system (shown are 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, and 470nm). The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinate at the pupil. The values ​​shown in Figure 8 are all relatively small, indicating that the telephoto lens 1 has well-corrected on-axis aberrations (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.). The astigmatism field curvature plots illustrate the deviation of the convergence point of light beams from the ideal imaging plane for different fields of view. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis for light beams in the sagittal direction and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. Excessive field values ​​indicate poor image quality or the presence of higher-order aberrations in that field. Figure 8 shows that the field curvature is relatively small in both directions, indicating a good depth of focus. The distortion plots characterize the relative deviation of the convergence point (actual image height) from the ideal image height for light beams in different fields of view. As shown in Figure 8, all are within 2.5%, ensuring that there is no obvious distortion in the image.

[0237] Please refer to Figures 9 and 10 in conjunction. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of camera module 302 shown in Figure 2 in alternative embodiments, and Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of camera module 302 shown in Figure 9 in certain operating states. The camera module 302 shown in Figure 9 includes most of the technical features of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6. The following mainly describes the differences between the two, and the majority of the common features are not repeated here.

[0238] In some embodiments, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a filter, and a photosensitive element 2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1 and a second optical element G2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element G1 includes a first lens L1, a first reflector 1a, and a second lens L2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The object side surface of the first lens L1 forms an incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1, and the incident surface 11 is convex near the optical axis. The first reflector 1a includes a first reflective surface 12, and the first reflective surface 12 is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis. The first reflector 1a is a prism. The image side surface of the second lens L2 forms an exit surface 13 of the second optical element G2, and the exit surface 13 is concave near the optical axis. During the anti-shake process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 moves and the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed.

[0239] The second optical element G2 includes a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22 located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The first lens group G21 includes a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6 arranged from the object side to the image side. The second lens group G22 includes a seventh lens L7 and an eighth lens L8 located on the image side of the seventh lens L7. The first lens group G21 is a fixed lens group, while the second lens group G22 is a movable lens group. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the second lens group G22 moves along the optical axis.

[0240] The optical axis O includes a first portion from the object-side surface of the first lens L1 to the first reflective surface 12 and a second portion from the first reflective surface 12 to the photosensitive element 2 .

[0241] The following presents a possible embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in FIG. 9 in combination with data and simulation results.

[0242] Please refer to Tables 3a and 3b. Table 3a shows the radius of curvature (R), spacing (D), refractive index (Nd), and Abbe number of each lens, reflector, and filter in a possible embodiment of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 9 when focusing on a telephoto scene. The spacing includes the thickness of the structure itself and the spacing between structures. Table 3b shows the aspheric coefficients of each lens in a possible embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 9.

[0243] Table 3a

[0244] Table 3b

[0245] The aspheric surface of the telephoto lens 1 in Table 3a can be defined using, but not limited to, the following aspheric surface curve equation:

[0246] Where z is the relative distance between the point on the aspheric surface and the intersection point on the optical axis, r is the vertical distance between the point on the aspheric curve and the optical axis; c is the curvature; k is the cone coefficient, which is 0; α i is the i-th order aspheric coefficient, which can be found in Table 3b.

[0247] Please refer to Table 3c, which lists basic parameters of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 9 in one possible embodiment. In Table 3c, ImgH is the half-sensor diagonal of the photosensitive element 2, Fsys is the focal length of the telephoto lens 1, f1 is the focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2, F1 is the focal length of the first optical element G1, F2 is the focal length of the first lens group G21 of the second optical element G2, F3 is the focal length of the second lens group G22 of the second optical element G2, and TTL is the total optical length of the telephoto lens 1.

[0248] Table 3c

[0249] In this embodiment, the ratio of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F1 / Fsys=2.17; the ratio of the curvature radius L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L1S1R / Fsys=0.72; and the ratio of the curvature radius L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L2S2R / Fsys=1.15.

[0250] The ratio of the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f1 / Fsys=1.16; the ratio of the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f2 / Fsys=-1.86.

[0251] The ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F2 / Fsys = 0.53; the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F3 / Fsys = -0.44. The focusing stroke of the second lens group G22 can be approximately 2.0 mm. The camera module 302 can achieve macro photography, for example, 100 mm macro photography.

[0252] The ratio of the total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is TTL / Fsys=1.29.

[0253] Please refer to FIG. 11 , which is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module 302 shown in FIG. 9 in a possible embodiment.

[0254] Figure 11 includes axial chromatic aberration curves, astigmatism field curvature plots, and distortion plots for telephoto lens 1. The axial chromatic aberration curves include spherical aberration curves corresponding to different wavelength bands of the system (shown are 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, and 470nm). The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinate at the pupil. The values ​​shown in Figure 11 are all relatively small, indicating that the telephoto lens 1 has well-corrected axial aberrations (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.). The astigmatism field curvature plots illustrate the deviation of the convergence point of light beams from the ideal imaging plane for different fields of view. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis for light beams in the sagittal direction and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. Excessive field values ​​indicate poor image quality or the presence of higher-order aberrations in that field. Figure 11 shows that the field curvature is relatively small in both directions, indicating a good depth of focus. The distortion plots characterize the relative deviation of the convergence point (actual image height) from the ideal image height for light beams in different fields of view. As shown in Figure 11, the distortion is within 2.5%, ensuring that there is no obvious distortion in the image.

[0255] Please refer to Figures 12 and 13 . Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of camera module 302 shown in Figure 2 in alternative embodiments, and Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of camera module 302 shown in Figure 12 in certain operating states. The camera module 302 shown in Figure 12 includes most of the technical features of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6 . The following mainly describes the differences between the two, and the majority of the common features are not repeated here.

[0256] In some embodiments, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a filter, and a photosensitive element 2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1 and a second optical element G2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element G1 includes a first lens L1, a first reflector 1a, and a second lens L2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The object side surface of the first lens L1 forms an incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1, and the incident surface 11 is convex near the optical axis. The first reflector 1a includes a first reflective surface 12, and the first reflective surface 12 is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis. The first reflector 1a is a prism. The image side surface of the second lens L2 forms an exit surface 13 of the second optical element G2, and the exit surface 13 is concave near the optical axis. During the anti-shake process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 moves and the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed.

[0257] The second optical element G2 includes a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22 located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The first lens group G21 includes a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6, arranged from the object side to the image side. The second lens group G22 includes a seventh lens L7 and an eighth lens L8 located on the image side of the seventh lens L7. The first lens group G21 is a movable lens group, while the second lens group G22 is a fixed lens group. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the first lens group G21 moves along the optical axis.

[0258] The optical axis O includes a first portion from the object-side surface of the first lens L1 to the first reflective surface 12 and a second portion from the first reflective surface 12 to the photosensitive element 2 .

[0259] The following presents a possible embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in FIG. 12 , in combination with data and simulation results.

[0260] Please refer to Table 4a and Table 4b. Table 4a shows the radius of curvature (R), spacing (D), refractive index (Nd), and Abbe number of each lens, reflector, and filter in a possible embodiment of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 12 when focusing on a telephoto image. The spacing includes the thickness of the structure itself and the spacing between structures. Table 4b shows the aspheric coefficients of each lens in a possible embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 12.

[0261] Table 4a

[0262] Table 4b

[0263] The aspheric surface of the telephoto lens 1 in Table 4a can be defined using, but not limited to, the following aspheric surface curve equation:

[0264] Where z is the relative distance between the point on the aspheric surface and the intersection point on the optical axis, r is the vertical distance between the point on the aspheric curve and the optical axis; c is the curvature; k is the cone coefficient, which is 0; α i is the i-th order aspheric coefficient, which can be found in Table 4b.

[0265] Please refer to Table 4c, which lists basic parameters of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 12 in one possible embodiment. In Table 4c, ImgH is the half-sensor diagonal of the photosensitive element 2, Fsys is the focal length of the telephoto lens 1, f1 is the focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2, F1 is the focal length of the first optical element G1, F2 is the focal length of the first lens group G21 of the second optical element G2, F3 is the focal length of the second lens group G22 of the second optical element G2, and TTL is the total optical length of the telephoto lens 1.

[0266] Table 4c

[0267] In this embodiment, the ratio of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F1 / Fsys=2.76; the ratio of the curvature radius L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L1S1R / Fsys=0.73; and the ratio of the curvature radius L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L2S2R / Fsys=0.94.

[0268] The ratio of the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f1 / Fsys=1.19; the ratio of the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f2 / Fsys=-1.51.

[0269] The ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F2 / Fsys = 0.57; the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F3 / Fsys = -0.87. The focusing stroke of the second lens group G22 can be approximately 1.735 mm. The camera module 302 can achieve macro photography, for example, 100 mm macro photography.

[0270] The ratio of the total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is TTL / Fsys=1.43.

[0271] Please refer to FIG. 14 , which is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module 302 shown in FIG. 12 in a possible embodiment.

[0272] Figure 14 includes axial chromatic aberration curves, astigmatism field curvature plots, and distortion plots for telephoto lens 1. The axial chromatic aberration curves include spherical aberration curves corresponding to different wavelength bands of the system (shown are 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, and 470nm). The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinate at the pupil. The values ​​shown in Figure 14 are all relatively small, indicating that the telephoto lens 1 has well-corrected on-axis aberrations (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.). The astigmatism field curvature plots illustrate the deviation of the convergence point of light beams from the ideal imaging plane for different fields of view. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis for light beams in the sagittal direction and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. Excessive field values ​​indicate poor image quality or the presence of higher-order aberrations in that field. Figure 14 shows that the field curvature is relatively small in both directions, indicating a good depth of focus. The distortion plots characterize the relative deviation of the convergence point (actual image height) from the ideal image height for light beams in different fields of view. As shown in Figure 14, all are within 2.5%, ensuring that there is no obvious distortion in the image.

[0273] Please refer to Figures 15 and 16 . Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of camera module 302 shown in Figure 2 in alternative embodiments, and Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of camera module 302 shown in Figure 15 in certain operating states. The camera module 302 shown in Figure 15 includes most of the technical features of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6 . The following mainly describes the differences between the two, and the majority of the common features are not repeated here.

[0274] In some embodiments, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a filter, and a photosensitive element 2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1 and a second optical element G2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element G1 includes a first lens L1, a first reflector 1a, and a second lens L2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The object side surface of the first lens L1 forms the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1. The incident surface 11 is convex near the optical axis and is an aspherical surface. The first reflector 1a includes a first reflective surface 12. The first reflective surface 12 is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis. The first reflector 1a is a reflector. The image side surface of the second lens L2 forms the exit surface 13 of the second optical element G2. The exit surface 13 is concave near the optical axis and is an aspherical surface. During the anti-shake process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 moves, and the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed.

[0275] The second optical element G2 includes a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22 located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The first lens group G21 includes a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6 arranged from the object side to the image side. The second lens group G22 includes a seventh lens L7 and an eighth lens L8 located on the image side of the seventh lens L7. Both the first lens group G21 and the second lens group G22 are movable lens groups. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the first lens group G21 and the second lens group G22 move along the optical axis.

[0276] The optical axis O includes a first portion from the object-side surface of the first lens L1 to the first reflective surface 12 and a second portion from the first reflective surface 12 to the photosensitive element 2 .

[0277] The following presents a possible embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in FIG. 15 , in combination with data and simulation results.

[0278] Please refer to Tables 5a and 5b. Table 5a shows the radius of curvature (R), spacing (D), refractive index (Nd), and Abbe number of each lens, reflector, and filter in a possible embodiment of the camera module 302 shown in FIG15 when focusing on a telephoto image. The spacing includes the thickness of the structure itself and the spacing between structures. Table 5b shows the aspheric coefficients of each lens in a possible embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in FIG15.

[0279] Table 5a

[0280] Table 5b

[0281] The aspheric surface of the telephoto lens 1 in Table 5a can be defined using, but not limited to, the following aspheric surface curve equation:

[0282] Where z is the relative distance between the point on the aspheric surface and the intersection point on the optical axis, r is the vertical distance between the point on the aspheric curve and the optical axis; c is the curvature; k is the cone coefficient, which is 0; α i is the i-th order aspheric coefficient, which can be found in Table 5b.

[0283] Please refer to Table 5c, which lists basic parameters of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 15 in one possible embodiment. In Table 5c, ImgH is the half-sensor diagonal of the photosensitive element 2, Fsys is the focal length of the telephoto lens 1, f1 is the focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2, F1 is the focal length of the first optical element G1, F2 is the focal length of the first lens group G21 of the second optical element G2, F3 is the focal length of the second lens group G22 of the second optical element G2, and TTL is the total optical length of the telephoto lens 1.

[0284] Table 5c

[0285] In this embodiment, the ratio of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F1 / Fsys=7.3; the ratio of the curvature radius L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L1S1R / Fsys=0.75; and the ratio of the curvature radius L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L2S2R / Fsys=1.32.

[0286] The ratio of the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f1 / Fsys=1.67; the ratio of the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f2 / Fsys=-1.49.

[0287] The ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F2 / Fsys = 0.38; the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F3 / Fsys = -0.34. The focusing stroke of the first lens group G21 can be approximately 0.84 mm, and the focusing stroke of the second lens group G22 can be approximately 1.66 mm. The camera module 302 can achieve macro photography, for example, 50 mm macro photography.

[0288] The ratio of the total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is TTL / Fsys=1.35.

[0289] Please refer to FIG. 17 , which is a diagram showing a simulation effect of the camera module 302 shown in FIG. 15 in a possible embodiment.

[0290] Figure 17 includes axial chromatic aberration curves, astigmatism field curvature plots, and distortion plots for telephoto lens 1. The axial chromatic aberration curves include spherical aberration curves corresponding to different wavelength bands of the system (shown are 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, and 470nm). The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinate at the pupil. The values ​​shown in Figure 17 are all relatively small, indicating that the telephoto lens 1 has well-corrected axial aberrations (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.). The astigmatism field curvature plots illustrate the deviation of the convergence point of light beams from the ideal imaging plane for different fields of view. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis for light beams in the sagittal direction and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. Excessive field values ​​indicate poor image quality or the presence of higher-order aberrations in that field. Figure 17 shows that the field curvature is relatively small in both directions, indicating a good depth of focus. The distortion plots characterize the relative deviation of the convergence point (actual image height) from the ideal image height for light beams in different fields of view. As shown in Figure 17, all are within 2.5%, ensuring that there is no obvious distortion in the image.

[0291] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, not to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they may still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions within the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments of the present application and the features therein may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A camera module (302), It is characterized in that It comprises a telephoto lens (1) and a photosensitive element (2), wherein the photosensitive element (2) is located on the image side of the telephoto lens (1); The telephoto lens (1) comprises a first optical element (G1) and a second optical element (G2); The first optical element (G1) comprises an incident surface (11), a first reflection surface (12) and an exit surface (13) arranged from the object side to the image side, the incident surface (11) is a convex surface near the optical axis, the first reflection surface (12) changes the propagation direction of the optical axis from a first direction to a second direction, the second direction intersects with the first direction, and the exit surface (13) is a concave surface near the optical axis; The second optical element (G2) is located on the image side of the first optical element (G1), and the second optical element (G2) includes at least one lens; Wherein, during the anti-shake process of the camera module (302), the first optical element (G1) rotates around the first direction and / or around a third direction, the photosensitive element (2) remains fixed, and the third direction intersects with the first direction and the second direction.

2. The camera module (302) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The focal length F1 of the first optical element (G1) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: F1 / Fsys≥1.2; or 22.5≥F1 / Fsys≥1.

2.

3. The camera module (302) according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The focal length F1 of the first optical element (G1) satisfies: F1≤380mm; or, The focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfies: 10 mm ≤ Fsys ≤ 40 mm.

4. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The curvature radius L1S1R of the incident surface (11) satisfies: 6mm≤L1S1R≤300mm or 6mm≤L1S1R≤23mm; and / or, The curvature radius L2S2R of the emission surface (13) satisfies: 10 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 300 mm or 15 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 300 mm.

5. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is characterized in that The curvature radius L1S1R of the incident surface (11) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: 0.4≤L1S1R / Fsys≤6 or 0.4≤L1S1R / Fsys≤1.4; and / or, The curvature radius L2S2R of the exit surface (13) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy the following relationship: 0.4≤L2S2R / Fsys≤10 or 0.9≤L2S2R / Fsys≤6.

6. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that The first optical element (G1) comprises a first lens (L1) and a second lens (L2), the first lens (L1) being located on the object side of the first reflecting surface (12), and the object side surface of the first lens (L1) being the incident surface (11), and the second lens (L2) being located on the image side of the first reflecting surface (12), and the image side surface of the second lens (L2) being the exit surface (13); The focal length f1 of the first lens (L1) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: 0.5≤f1 / Fsys≤20; and / or, The focal length f2 of the second lens (L2) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: -20≤f2 / Fsys≤0.

7. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The first optical element (G1) comprises a first reflective member (1a), the first reflective member (1a) comprises the first reflective surface (12), the first reflective member (1a) is a prism, and the refractive index Nd of the first reflective member (1a) satisfies: Nd≤1.

85.

8. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The first optical element (G1) comprises a first reflective member (1a), the first reflective member (1a) comprises the first reflective surface (12), and the first reflective member (1a) is a prism; The image side surface of the first lens (L1) is fixed to the object side surface of the first reflector (1a), and the object side surface of the second lens (L2) is fixed to the image side surface of the second reflector.

9. The camera module (302) according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The first lens (L1), the first reflector (1a) and the second lens (L2) are all made of glass; the first lens (L1) is glued to the first reflector (1a), and the second lens (L2) is glued to the first reflector (1a).

10. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, It is characterized in that The second optical element (G2) includes a first lens group (G21) and a second lens group (G22), the second lens group (G22) is located on the image side of the first lens group (G21), and the camera module (302) achieves focusing by moving the first lens group (G21) and / or the second lens group (G22) along the optical axis.

11. The camera module (302) according to claim 10, It is characterized in that The focal length F2 of the first lens group (G21) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: 0.2≤F2 / Fsys≤1; and / or, The focal length F3 of the second lens group (G22) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: -1.5≤F3 / Fsys≤-0.

2.

12. The camera module (302) according to claim 10 or 11, It is characterized in that The first optical element (G1) includes 2 to 3 lenses, the first lens group (G21) includes 3 to 5 lenses, and the second lens group (G22) includes 1 to 4 lenses.

13. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, It is characterized in that The camera module (302) achieves focusing by moving the second optical element (G2) along the optical axis.

14. The camera module (302) according to claim 13, It is characterized in that The first optical element (G1) includes 2 to 3 lenses, and the second optical element (G2) includes 3 to 6 lenses.

15. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, It is characterized in that The total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens (1) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy the following relationship: 0.8≤TTL / Fsys≤3.

16. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, It is characterized in that The total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens (1) satisfies: 15 mm ≤ TTL ≤ 50 mm.

17. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 16, It is characterized in that The telephoto lens (1) further comprises a second reflecting surface (14), the second reflecting surface (14) being located on the image side of the second optical element (G2), the second reflecting surface (14) changing the propagation direction of the optical axis from the second direction to a fourth direction, the fourth direction intersecting the second direction.

18. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, It is characterized in that The field of view angle of the telephoto lens (1) is less than or equal to 40°.

19. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, It is characterized in that The half sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element (2) satisfies: 2.5mm≤ImgH≤8.16mm or 2.5mm≤ImgH≤4.0mm or 4.2mm≤ImgH≤8.16mm.

20. An electronic device, It is characterized in that It comprises an image processor (60) and a camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the image processor (60) is communicatively connected to the camera module (302), and the image processor (60) is used to obtain image data from the camera module (302) and process the image data.

Images