Crop cultivation mode for promoting power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panel and reducing land salt and alkali

Abstract

The invention discloses a crop cultivation mode for promoting power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reducing land salt and alkali. The crop cultivation mode comprises a triangular greenhouse arranged between the double-sided photovoltaic panels, crops planted on the two sides of the triangular greenhouse and a plurality of permeation enhancing columns. Wherein the triangular warm shed is an inverted V-shaped bracket; double-sided mulching films are arranged on the slopes on the two sides of the inverted-V-shaped support; the double-sided mulching film comprises a light reflecting layer serving as an upper layer and a light blocking layer serving as a lower layer, the permeation enhancing column comprises two pipe bodies and salt leaching sand; the two pipe bodies are buried under the triangular greenhouse in a V shape; the pipe bodies are filled with the salt leaching sand; preformed holes are evenly formed in the peripheral wall of the pipe body. The comprehensive supporting system is established by taking the benefit angle of optimizing the agricultural and photovoltaic symbiotic system into consideration and adopting measures such as the double-sided ground, the triangular warm shed, the permeation enhancing column and the soil improvement matrix, and the comprehensive supporting system can improve the double-sided photovoltaic power generation rate, solve crop irrigation and improve soil salinization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of saline-alkali land management and agricultural planting technology based on photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a crop cultivation mode that promotes the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reduces land salinity. Background Art

[0002] Bifacial photovoltaic panels can generate electricity by absorbing sunlight on both sides, increasing output power and reducing average energy costs. However, bifacial photovoltaic power stations are mostly installed in arid and semi-arid areas, where there is little precipitation, dry climate, high evaporation, and severe soil salinization. Among the prior arts, CN118668675A and CN118235657A record solutions for improving the above technical problems.

[0003] However, there are still many problems in the three aspects of carrying out agricultural planting and improving saline-alkali land in photovoltaic power stations and improving photovoltaic power generation. For example, ① The current methods for treating saline-alkali land are relatively simple, and most of them use physical or chemical methods for treatment, such as sand covering, deep plowing and deep turning. The main purpose of physical methods is to loosen the soil in the cultivated layer, so that the salt in the surface soil is turned into the deep soil layer, and chemical methods such as adding exogenous additives to saline-alkali soil, such as phosphogypsum, humic acid, etc., are to cause base exchange in the soil, that is, ion exchange, to reduce the soil's Na + adsorption, which reduces the soil pH. Often these methods are only symptomatic and not fundamental. Doing so only considers the problem from the perspective of the formation of saline-alkali land, and does not combine it with the actual situation of photovoltaic power stations. ② Planting crops in saline-alkali land will inhibit crops due to soil salinization, resulting in slow crop growth, yellowing leaves, falling flowers and fruits, etc. Saline-alkali soil will increase the osmotic pressure of the soil solution, making it difficult for crop roots to absorb enough water from the soil, resulting in physiological dehydration of crops; on the other hand, due to the dry climate, low precipitation, and no water source for irrigation, crops lack water for growth. ③ Finally, in most photovoltaic power stations, the area below the bifacial photovoltaic panels often has a lot of exposed sand on the surface, resulting in a decrease in the ground albedo, which cannot increase the power generation rate of the back of the bifacial photovoltaic. It will also be because the weeds under the photovoltaic panels grow very fast. When the weeds grow tall, they will absorb more light, resulting in a decrease in the reflected light from the ground, affecting the power generation of the power station. Therefore, how to control the salinization problem in photovoltaic power stations, carry out agricultural planting in the area below the photovoltaic panels to meet the needs of crop growth, and improve the overall power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels, the combination of these three aspects has become the current technical difficulty. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crop cultivation model that promotes the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reduces land salinity, and solves the problem of how to improve the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels while planting crops under photovoltaic panels, solving the problem of crop irrigation and improving the problem of soil salinization under photovoltaic panels.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a crop cultivation mode for promoting the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reducing land salinity, comprising a triangular greenhouse arranged between double-sided photovoltaic panels, crops planted on both sides of the triangular greenhouse, and a plurality of infiltration columns buried directly under the triangular greenhouse and the crops; The triangular greenhouse is an inverted "V"-shaped bracket; double-sided ground film is arranged on the slopes on both sides of the inverted "V"-shaped bracket; the double-sided ground film includes a reflective layer as an upper layer and a light-blocking layer as a lower layer; The permeability enhancement column includes two "V"-shaped pipe bodies buried directly below the triangular greenhouse, and the pipe bodies are filled with salt-washed sand; reserved holes are evenly opened on the outer peripheral wall of the pipe body.

[0006] Further, in this embodiment, the inner top angle of the triangular greenhouse is 35°-55°; the two waists of the triangular greenhouse are 50-60cm long; an inverted "V"-shaped bracket is placed on the plowed soil, and the lower ends of both sides are inserted into the soil 5-10cm, so that the inverted "V"-shaped bracket forms a triangle with the ground; the spacing between each bracket is 50-80cm.

[0007] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inverted "V"-shaped bracket of the triangular greenhouse is made of corrosion-resistant material.

[0008] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inverted "V"-shaped bracket of the triangular greenhouse is made of corrosion-resistant alloy welding.

[0009] In this embodiment, the reflective layer is a silver-white ground film that reflects light back to the double-sided photovoltaic module; and the light-blocking layer is a black ground film that inhibits the growth of weeds under the ground film.

[0010] In this embodiment, the tube body of the permeability enhancement column is a PVC tube, and a wall hole with an inner diameter smaller than that of the salt-washing sand is opened on its outer wall; the diameter of the tube body is 60-110 mm, and the thickness of the tube wall is 2 mm; the diameter of the wall hole is 0.2 cm, and the hole spacing is 8 cm.

[0011] The present embodiment further has micro-area improved soil backfilled below the triangular greenhouse and above the infiltration enhancement column; the micro-area improved soil includes rice bran and local soil; the rice bran is plowed into the soil at a ratio of 10-20 kg / mu.

[0012] This embodiment further constructs a salt drainage system with permeability columns in the underground saline-alkali soil under the photovoltaic panels. The permeability columns are 1m to 2m above the ground. The diameter of the permeability columns is 60-110mm, the tube walls are perforated, and non-woven fabric is wrapped around them.

[0013] In this embodiment, the crop is a salt-alkali tolerant crop.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: The present invention takes the optimization of the benefits of the agricultural and photovoltaic symbiosis system into consideration, and forms a comprehensive supporting system by adopting measures such as double-sided ground, triangular greenhouse, infiltration columns, soil improvement matrix, etc. This comprehensive supporting system can not only improve the double-sided photovoltaic power generation rate, but also solve the problem of crop irrigation and improve soil salinization.

[0015] The present invention realizes the combination of photovoltaic and agricultural industries, and improves economic and ecological benefits. When the double-sided ground film is laid on the triangular structure frame, a small greenhouse is formed. The outer silver-white ground film increases the albedo of the ground under the photovoltaic panel and improves the power generation rate of the photovoltaic back. The inner black ground film plays a role in heat preservation, moisture retention, and water evaporation to meet the needs of crop irrigation; the excess water evaporated and collected at the roots of the crops can dissolve and clean the salt in the soil near the roots to the greatest extent through the infiltration column, and the leached salt water is finally accelerated to move downward through the infiltration column and taken away by the infiltration column; when the evaporation is large in spring, the presence of the infiltration column can inhibit the upward migration of groundwater to the greatest extent, thereby reducing the salt accumulation of the surface soil. Using bran residue as a soil improvement matrix can not only improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, but also activate the soil ecosystem and promote plant growth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a crop cultivation model that promotes the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reduces land salinity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, a crop cultivation mode is provided for promoting the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reducing land salinity, including a triangular greenhouse installed between double-sided photovoltaic panels, crops planted on both sides of the triangular greenhouse, and a plurality of infiltration columns buried directly below the triangular greenhouse and the crops; wherein the triangular greenhouse is an inverted "V"-shaped bracket; double-sided ground film is installed on the slopes on both sides of the inverted "V"-shaped bracket; the double-sided ground film includes a reflective layer as an upper layer and a light-blocking layer as a lower layer; the infiltration column includes two "V"-shaped pipes buried directly below the triangular greenhouse, and salt-washed sand filled in the pipes; wherein the interval between adjacent infiltration columns is designed to be 80-100 cm; reserved holes are evenly opened on the outer peripheral wall of the pipe; the crops are salt-alkali tolerant crops.

[0019] The inner top angle of the triangular greenhouse is 35°-55°; the two waists of the triangular greenhouse are 50-60cm long; an inverted "V"-shaped bracket is placed on the plowed soil, and the lower ends of both sides are inserted into the soil 5-10cm, so that the inverted "V"-shaped bracket forms a triangle with the ground; the spacing between each bracket is 50-80cm. The inverted "V"-shaped bracket of the triangular greenhouse is made of corrosion-resistant material. Preferably, the inverted "V"-shaped bracket of the triangular greenhouse is made of corrosion-resistant alloy welding.

[0020] The support is an inverted "V" shaped structure. The top angle is 35°-55° and the two waists are 50-60 cm long. Two waists are welded to galvanized pipes, and double-sided ground is laid on the outside, with a white layer on the outside and a black layer on the inside. Crops are planted on both sides of the outside of the triangular shed. In this way, due to the evaporation cycle of water, the water vapor evaporated to the top of the arch shed will condense into water droplets when it is cold, and will flow to the bottom of the triangular mulch film slope. Most of the collected water droplets will be transported to the vicinity of the crop root zone to meet the water needs of the crop during growth.

[0021] In this embodiment, the reflective layer is a silver-white ground film that reflects light back to the double-sided photovoltaic module; the light-blocking layer is a black ground film that inhibits the growth of weeds under the ground film. The black side of the double-sided ground film has the performance of blocking light transmission and reflecting light. The performance of blocking light transmission can prevent light from passing through the double-sided ground film, which plays a role in inhibiting the growth of weeds under the ground film. The upper silver-white ground film reflects the light irradiated on the ground film back to the double-sided photovoltaic module of the photovoltaic power station, so as to increase the back light intensity of the double-sided photovoltaic module, increase the electricity conversion efficiency, and increase the power generation of the double-sided module of the photovoltaic power station.

[0022] In this embodiment, the tube body of the infiltration column is a PVC tube, and a wall hole with an inner diameter smaller than the salt-washing sand is opened on its outer wall; the diameter of the tube body is 60-110mm, and the thickness of the tube wall is 2mm; the aperture of the wall hole is 0.2cm, and the hole spacing is 8cm. The infiltration column consists of a PVC tube with a closed bottom end and sand filled in the tube, and the sand particle size is larger than the tube wall aperture. The diameter of the PVC tube is 10 cm, and the tube wall thickness is 2mm. The aperture of the wall hole is 0.2cm, the hole spacing is 8cm, and the hole spacing at the bottom of the tube is slightly smaller. The infiltration column cooperates with the "triangular" greenhouse. The infiltration column can promote the downward migration of water collected in the annular canal and accelerate the washing of salt from the soil.

[0023] The principle of salt-washing sand is: during the upward movement of water in the soil (capillary phenomenon), the sand absorbs and filters the salt ions in the groundwater, thus playing the role of washing salt.

[0024] In this embodiment, micro-area soil modification is backfilled below the triangular greenhouse and above the permeability enhancement column; the micro-area soil modification includes chaff and local soil; the chaff is plowed into the soil at a ratio of 10-20 kg / mu. Saline-alkali soil generally has the characteristics of poor soil structure, low nutrients, low effective water content, and fragile soil ecosystem. Mixing chaff and local soil in a certain proportion can significantly improve the physical and chemical structure of the soil. The main effects of chaff are as follows: ① It can increase the porosity and number of aggregates in the soil, improve the soil structure, and have good air permeability, water permeability and high water retention capacity. ② The chaff contains rich organic matter and trace elements, such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc. The high potassium content helps to improve the drought resistance and disease resistance of crops. And its trace elements play an important role in the growth and development of crops, photosynthesis, etc. ③ Increase the number of large-particle microclusters in the soil to reduce the conductivity, sodium ion molar concentration and alkalinity. Therefore, using rice bran as a soil improvement matrix for saline-alkali land can improve soil structure, increase soil nutrients, retain water and activate the soil ecosystem.

[0025] A salt drainage system with infiltration columns is constructed in the underground saline-alkali soil under the photovoltaic panels. The infiltration columns are 1m~2m away from the ground. The diameter of the infiltration columns is 60-110mm, the pipe wall has holes, and is covered with non-woven fabric.

[0026] Design conditions in this embodiment: (1) A salt drainage system with permeability columns is constructed in the underground saline-alkali soil under the photovoltaic panels. The permeability columns are 1m to 2m above the ground. (The diameter of the permeability columns is 60-110mm, with holes in the wall and non-woven fabric wrapped around them).

[0027] (2) The bran residue should be tilled into the soil at a ratio of 10-20 kg / mu.

[0028] (3) Place an inverted "V"-shaped bracket on the tilled soil. The bracket side is 50-60 cm long. Insert the two sides into the soil 5-10 cm to make the bracket and the ground form a triangle. The top of each bracket and the middle of the two sides are connected by a galvanized pipe. The spacing between each bracket is 50-80 cm.

[0029] (4) Cover the double-sided mulch film on the inverted "V"-shaped support, with the silver-white film on the outer layer and the black film on the inner layer. Bury the excess double-sided mulch film in the soil and compact it to form a closed, dark triangular greenhouse.

[0030] (5) Crops with a certain degree of salt-alkali tolerance are planted on both sides of the outside of the triangular greenhouse covered with double-sided mulch.

[0031] The above embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred methods of the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the invention.

Claims

1. Promote the power generation efficiency of bifacial photovoltaic panels and reduce the crop cultivation mode of land salinity, characterized by: It comprises a triangular greenhouse arranged between double-sided photovoltaic panels, crops planted on both sides of the triangular greenhouse, and a plurality of infiltration columns buried directly under the triangular greenhouse and the crops; The triangular greenhouse is an inverted "V"-shaped bracket; double-sided ground film is arranged on the slopes on both sides of the inverted "V"-shaped bracket; the double-sided ground film includes a reflective layer as an upper layer and a light-blocking layer as a lower layer; The permeability enhancement column includes two "V"-shaped pipes buried directly below the triangular greenhouse, and the pipes are filled with salt-washed sand; reserved holes are evenly opened on the outer peripheral wall of the pipe.

2. The crop cultivation mode for promoting the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reducing soil salinity according to claim 1 is characterized by: The inner vertex angle of the triangular greenhouse is 35°-55°; the two waists of the triangular greenhouse are 50-60cm long; an inverted "V"-shaped bracket is placed on the plowed soil, and the lower ends of both sides are inserted into the soil 5-10cm, so that the inverted "V"-shaped bracket forms a triangle with the ground; the spacing between each bracket is 50-80cm.

3. The crop cultivation mode for promoting the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reducing soil salinity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inverted "V"-shaped bracket of the triangular greenhouse is made of corrosion-resistant material.

4. The crop cultivation mode for promoting the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reducing soil salinity according to claim 3 is characterized by: The inverted "V"-shaped bracket of the triangular greenhouse is made of corrosion-resistant alloy welding.

5. The crop cultivation mode for promoting the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reducing soil salinity according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reflective layer is a silver-white ground film that reflects light back to the double-sided photovoltaic module; the light-blocking layer is a black ground film that inhibits the growth of weeds under the ground film.

6. The crop cultivation mode for promoting the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reducing soil salinity according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tube body of the permeability enhancement column is a PVC tube, and a wall hole with an inner diameter smaller than that of the salt-washing sand is opened on its outer wall; the diameter of the tube body is 60-110 mm, and the thickness of the tube wall is 2 mm; the diameter of the wall hole is 0.2 cm, and the hole spacing is 8 cm.

7. The crop cultivation mode for promoting the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reducing soil salinity according to claim 6, characterized in that: Micro-area improved soil is backfilled below the triangular greenhouse and above the infiltration-enhancing column; the micro-area improved soil includes rice bran and local soil; the rice bran is plowed into the soil at a ratio of 10-20 kg / mu.

8. The crop cultivation mode for promoting the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reducing soil salinity according to claim 7, characterized in that: A permeability column salt drainage system is constructed in the underground saline-alkali soil under the photovoltaic panels. The permeability column is 1m to 2m away from the ground. The diameter of the permeability column is 60-110mm, the wall of the column is perforated, and non-woven fabric is wrapped around it.

9. The crop cultivation mode for promoting the power generation efficiency of double-sided photovoltaic panels and reducing soil salinity according to claim 7, characterized in that: The crops are salt-alkali tolerant crops.

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