High-quality and high-yield cultivation method for gardenia jasminoides flowers

Abstract

According to the high-quality and high-yield cultivation method for the gardenia jasminoides flowers, after plants enter a flower and fruit production period and 3-4 weeks before full blooming every year, 0.25-1.75 mmol.L <-1 > jasmonic acid methyl ester is sprayed so that the flower amount can be increased, early blooming can be promoted, the blooming period can be prolonged, the fruit yield can be increased, the spraying amount is 50-100 mL for each plant every time, spraying is conducted once every 7 days, and spraying is conducted twice in total. Wherein 0.50 mmol.L <-1 > jasmonic acid methyl ester is sprayed. The flower yield can be increased by 55.4%, and the fruit yield can be increased by 72.21%; when 1.75 mmol. L <-1 > is sprayed, the growth rate of the flower yield is about 50%, meanwhile, a group can be promoted to bloom 6-15 days ahead of time or the flowering phase of the group can be increased 6-15 days, and the relative content of the main aroma component linalool of the flower is 1.55 times that of a control plant flower which is not sprayed with jasmonic acid methyl ester. The method plays a very important positive role in the construction of the gardenia jasminoides flower border or the beautification and aromatization application of the environment. Serious output reduction caused by improper production and application is overcome, the effects of increasing the picking yield of the gardenia fresh flowers and promoting the high yield of fruits are extremely remarkable, and a technical support is provided for flowering phase regulation and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-quality and high-yield cultivation method for yellow gardenia flowers. Background Art

[0002] Yellow Gardenia is a plant resource for both medicinal and edible purposes. It has white flowers and yellow fruits, and has many flowers and fruits. It is an important bulk Chinese medicinal material and an important flower-scented plant. It is widely used in landscaping and environmental fragrance. In recent years, some people have tried to collect the flowers of Yellow Gardenia to make perfume and gardenia scented tea. The application field of fresh flowers has been continuously expanded, and the price of fresh flowers has been rising year by year. At present, the price of fresh flowers per kilogram is 20 to 30 yuan. Picking flowers during the flowering period can increase income by about 6,000 yuan per mu. Harvesting fresh flowers is also a particularly important part of gardenia management. In addition to studying fertilization to increase its yield, there is no other available method; the inventor referred to reports on the application of exogenous auxins to increase yield in other plants, and found that methyl jasmonate and indoleacetic acid have a certain effect on promoting flowering and fruiting, but improper application can also cause serious yield reduction. First, as a fruit and flower forest of Gardenia jasminoides, how to increase the yield of fresh flowers or the yield of picked flowers and promote fruit yield has become a technical problem that needs to be overcome urgently in production; second, as a flower-scented plant used for environmental greening, beautification, and fragrance, how to promote early flowering, increase the number of flowers, enhance the fragrance, and extend the flowering period have become problems that must be overcome to enhance the application value of multiple scenarios; third, as a flower-scented plant used in the development of spices, in addition to how to increase the number of flowers, it is also necessary to increase the content of the main aroma-causing volatiles in the flowers and improve the fragrance quality of the flowers. These problems have become problems that must be overcome to enhance the application value of gardenia in flavors, fragrances, and food. These problems have become important problems or bottlenecks that must be overcome for the efficient and sustainable development of Gardenia jasminoides. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention aims to provide a high-quality and high-yield cultivation method for yellow gardenia flowers, which can increase the yield of yellow gardenia flowers, improve the content of flower fragrance substances, promote early flowering and prolong the flowering period.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to achieve the following method: a high-quality and high-yield cultivation method for yellow gardenia flowers, which comprises spraying 0.25-1.75 mmol·L of -1 Methyl jasmonate is used to promote the growth of flower quantity, promote early flowering, prolong flowering period, and increase fruit yield. The spraying amount is 50-100 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, and spray twice in total.

[0005] The above-mentioned high-quality and high-yield cultivation method of yellow gardenia flowers, wherein the preferred high-yield application method is to spray 0.50 mmol·L on the plants after the plants enter the flower and fruit production period, 3-4 weeks before the full flowering each year. -1Methyl jasmonate, spraying amount is 50-100 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, for a total of 2 times.

[0006] The above-mentioned method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield gardenia flowers preferably comprises spraying 1.75 mmol·L methyl jasmonate on the gardenia plants 3-4 weeks before full flowering each year when the plants are 4-6 years old. -1 The spraying amount is 50 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, and spray twice in total; the spraying amount for stands over 7 years old is 100 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, and spray twice in total; it can increase flower yield by about 50%, promote early flowering of the group and extend the flowering period by 6-15 days.

[0007] The above-mentioned high-quality and high-yield cultivation method for yellow gardenia flowers generally increased the fruit yield, and the fruit growth rate of young trees was 23.3-72.21%. When methyl jasmonate 0.50 mmol·L was sprayed -1 The yield of flowers and fruits of the plants sprayed with methyl jasmonate was also generally increased. The yield of flowers sprayed with methyl jasmonate 1.75 mmol·L -1 The flower yield growth rate is about 50%, and can promote the group to bloom 6-15 days earlier or increase the group flowering period by 6-15 days, which has a very important positive effect in the greening, beautification and fragrance application of the gardenia flower border or environment. The present invention has found through a large number of research and determination that the main volatiles of gardenia flowers are linalool (C 10 H 18 O), phenylethanol (C8H 10 O), 1,2-dimethyl-1,5-cyclooctadiene (C 10 H 16 ), 9-oxo-nonanoic acid methyl ester (C 10 H 18 O3), Z-tetrahydro-6-(2-pentenyl)-2H-pyran-2-one (C 10 H 16 O2), 3,7,11-trimethyl-1,3,6,10-dodec-tetraene (C 15 H 24) The relative content of 6 kinds of volatiles in the flower fragrance accounted for 32.28%~47.23% of the total content of volatiles, among which the relative content of linalool was the largest, ranging from 20.02% to 41.17%, which was the main fragrance component. -1 The relative content of linalool in the treated flowers was the largest, at 41.17%, which is 1.55 times that of the control. Therefore, this method can not only increase the yield of flowers, but also greatly increase the content of aroma substances in flowers and improve the quality of flowers.

[0008] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments. Example

[0009] Example 1

[0010] A high-quality and high-yield cultivation method for yellow gardenia flowers, comprising spraying 0.50 mmol·L of chlorpyrifos on the yellow gardenia plants 3-4 weeks before full flowering each year after the plants enter the flower and fruit production period -1 Methyl jasmonate, spraying dosage is 50-100 mL per plant, spray once every 7 days, spray twice in total. Flower yield can be increased by 55.4%, and fruit yield can be increased by 72.21%, achieving the goal of significantly increasing both flower and fruit yields.

[0011] Example 2

[0012] A high-quality and high-yield cultivation method for yellow gardenia flowers, comprising spraying 0.25-1.75 mmol·L of chlorpyrifos on the yellow gardenia plants 3-4 weeks before full flowering each year after the plants enter the flower and fruit production period -1 Methyl jasmonate, spraying dosage is 50-100 mL per plant, spray once every 7 days, spray twice in total. Flower yield generally increased, with a growth rate of 33.3-72.21%.

[0013] Example 3

[0014] A high-quality and high-yield cultivation method for yellow gardenia flowers, comprising spraying 0.50 mmol·L methyl jasmonate on the yellow gardenia plants 3-4 weeks before full flowering each year when the plants are 4-6 years old. -1 , the spraying amount is 50 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, and spray twice in total; the spraying amount for stands over 7 years old is 100 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, and spray twice in total. The flower yield growth rate is about 72.21%.

[0015] Example 4

[0016] A high-quality and high-yield cultivation method for yellow gardenia flowers, comprising spraying 1.75 mmol·L methyl jasmonate on the yellow gardenia plants 3-4 weeks before full flowering each year when the plants are 4-6 years old. -1 , the spraying amount is 50 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, and spray twice in total; the spraying amount for stands over 7 years old is 100 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, and spray twice in total. The flower yield growth rate is about 50%, which can promote the group to bloom 6-15 days earlier or increase the group flowering period by 6-15 days. The relative content of linalool in the flowers is 1.55 times that of the flowers of the control plants without spraying methyl jasmonate. This method plays a very important and positive role in the construction of gardenia flower borders or environmental beautification and fragrance applications.

Claims

1. A high-quality and high-yield cultivation method for yellow gardenia flowers, characterized in that after the plant enters the flower and fruit production period, 3-4 weeks before full flowering each year, 0.25-1.75 mmol·L -1 Methyl jasmonate is used to promote the growth of flower quantity, promote early flowering, prolong flowering period, and increase fruit yield. The spraying amount is 50-100 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, and spray twice in total.

2. The high-quality and high-yield cultivation method of yellow gardenia flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that The application method is to spray 0.50 mmol·L on the Gardenia jasminoides plants 3-4 weeks before full bloom each year after the plants enter the fruit production period. -1 Methyl jasmonate, spraying amount is 50-100 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, for a total of 2 times.

3. A high-quality and high-yield cultivation method for yellow gardenia flowers according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The preferred method for high flower yield is to spray 1.75 mmol·L methyl jasmonate on the Gardenia jasminoides 3-4 weeks before full flowering when the plants are 4-6 years old. -1 The spraying amount is 50 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, and spray twice in total; the spraying amount for stands over 7 years old is 100 mL per plant each time, spray once every 7 days, and spray twice in total; it can increase flower yield by about 50%, promote early flowering of the group and extend the flowering period by 6-15 days.