Ecological-imitating fish breeding platform for reservoir area and design and operation method of ecological-imitating fish breeding platform

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulated ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area and a design operation method thereof, the simulated ecological fish breeding platform comprises an annular groove body and inflatable buoys which are arranged around the annular groove body and connected with the annular groove body, the annular groove body floats in the reservoir area by inflating or deflating the inflatable buoys, and the inflatable buoys are arranged in the annular groove body. Variable frequency water pumps for pushing water flow in the annular groove body to have a certain flow speed are installed on the two sides of the short edge, openings are formed in the two sides of the short edge of the annular groove body, the openings have a certain flow speed, fishes are induced into the annular groove body according to the top flow habit of the fishes, and rotatable splayed grids for preventing the fishes from escaping are arranged on the inner sides of the openings of the groove body. Fine sand pebbles which simulate the river substrate environment and facilitate spawning of fishes are laid at the bottom of the annular groove body, a protruding flow guide island is arranged in the center of the annular groove body and is parallel to the long edge of the annular groove body, and the two variable frequency water pumps are located on the two sides of the outer side of the flow guide island so that water flow in the annular groove body can form circulation. And local fishes can keep a certain resource quantity and can continue the population.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of aquatic ecological protection of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and in particular to an ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area and a design and operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] After the completion of hydropower and water conservancy projects, the river water environment is transformed into a still water environment in the reservoir area. Fish that originally needed to spawn under the stimulation of flowing water are unable to complete key life activities such as spawning and raising young in the still water environment of the reservoir area, resulting in a decline in fish resources. In severe cases, the fish population may be unable to continue.

[0003] CN202011342973.5 An artificial fish spawning ground at the confluence of the main and tributary streams of a reservoir, comprising a dam, a main stream of the reservoir, a tributary, an artificial spawning ground and a driving cylinder. The artificial spawning ground is located at the intersection of the tributary and the main stream of the reservoir. The riverbed is excavated to form an elevator foundation treatment line. An elevator is set on the elevator foundation treatment line, and an artificial spawning matrix is ​​placed on the elevator to adapt to changes in water levels in the reservoir.

[0004] CN202110767295.5 An intelligent mobile artificial fish nest test platform for fish with sticky eggs, including an artificial fish nest bed and an intelligent mobile base, provides a suitable spawning place for fish with sticky eggs, and weakens the impact of river and lake water level changes on the growth and development of sticky fish eggs. At present, some existing equipment is mainly used to create flowing water conditions to assist fish spawning, but few consider the subsequent hatching of fish eggs and the cultivation of fry. At the same time, there is a lack of operation methods, which cannot guide the manufacture and specific operation of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an eco-mimicking fish breeding platform for reservoir areas and its design and operation method, which can imitate the natural water flow environment, stimulate the flow of water to promote the spawning of fish, hatch fish eggs and cultivate fry, and adjust the flow rate and water depth according to the habits of fish at different growth stages, while preventing the fry from being preyed on by carnivorous fish, thereby improving the survival rate of fish. In addition, a design and operation method is proposed, which can provide guidance for the design and operation of the equipment.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: an ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area comprises an annular trough body, an inflatable buoy arranged around the annular trough body and connected to the annular trough body, the depth of the annular trough body in the water is adjusted by inflating or deflating the inflatable buoy, so that the annular trough body floats in the reservoir area, in the annular trough body, variable frequency water pumps are installed on both sides of the short side to push the water flow in the annular trough body to have a certain flow rate, openings are arranged on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body, and a certain flow rate is arranged at the openings, and the fish are lured into the annular trough body by using the head flow habit of the fish, a rotatable figure eight grille is arranged on the inner side of the trough body opening to prevent the fish from escaping, the bottom of the annular trough body is paved with fine sand and pebbles that simulate the river bottom environment and are convenient for fish to spawn, a raised diversion island is arranged in the center of the annular trough body, the diversion island is parallel to the long side of the annular trough body, two variable frequency water pumps are located on both sides of the outer side of the diversion island, so that the water flow in the annular trough body forms a circulation.

[0007] Radar flow meters and water quality detectors are arranged on both sides of the diversion island, and video cameras are arranged on the sides of the annular trough body to monitor the flow velocity, water quality and fish activity dynamics in the trough body, so as to adjust the water flow velocity at any time.

[0008] A walking grid and a shading net for controlling light are arranged between the guide island and the long side of the annular trough body.

[0009] The guide island is provided with a bait cultivation barrel for cultivating natural bait to provide bait for spawning broodstock.

[0010] The annular trough body is the main body of the platform, each annular trough body is a unit, the number of annular trough bodies is determined according to needs, and the long sides of multiple annular trough bodies are spliced ​​in sequence to form an ecological fish breeding platform.

[0011] A design and operation method of an ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area, using the ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area, comprises the following steps:

[0012] ① Carry out on-site fish surveys to determine the target fish for protection, investigate the sex ratio and reproduction time of the target fish population, the bottom quality, flow rate, water depth and water quality of the spawning and feeding grounds, the territory area required for single female fish to reproduce, and the resource quantity and cluster location of the target fish in the reservoir area after the operation of the water conservancy and hydropower projects;

[0013] ② According to the resource quantity, sex ratio and the territory area required for single female fish reproduction of the target fish in the reservoir area, determine the total area of ​​spawning matrix at the bottom of the annular trough of the ecological fish breeding platform, and accordingly determine the spawning matrix area of ​​each unit annular trough, the number of unit annular troughs and the length and width of the annular trough;

[0014] ③ According to the bottom quality, flow rate and water depth data of the target fish spawning grounds and feeding grounds, determine the spawning matrix material and ratio at the bottom of the annular tank, and control the flow rate and running water depth of the water in the tank;

[0015] ④ Determine the location of the ecological fish breeding platform according to the breeding time of the target fish and the location of their clusters in the reservoir area;

[0016] ⑤ Fish breeding: After the ecological fish breeding platform is arranged in the reservoir area, turn on the variable frequency water pump and the rotatable eight-shaped grille to form a fish-attracting flow rate at the openings on both sides of the short side of the tank. When the video camera monitors a certain number of fish entering, close the rotatable eight-shaped grille, and adjust the water flow rate and water depth in the tank to values ​​suitable for fish spawning, and use a radar flow meter to monitor the water flow rate in the tank; during the spawning period, use bait cultivation barrels to feed natural bait for the target fish to protect, so as to enhance the physique of spawning fish; after the fish have finished spawning, open the rotatable eight-shaped grille to allow the fish to swim out of the annular tank. After all the fish have swum out, close the rotatable eight-shaped grille;

[0017] ⑥Fish egg hatching: adjust the flow rate and water depth in the annular tank to values ​​suitable for fish egg hatching, and use a water quality monitor to monitor the water quality. If necessary, open the sunshade net to prevent direct sunlight from affecting fish hatching;

[0018] ⑦Fish fry cultivation: After the fry are hatched, the flow rate and water depth in the annular trough are adjusted to values ​​suitable for fish fry cultivation. On the one hand, the water containing natural bait in the reservoir area is continuously input into the annular trough through a variable frequency water pump to provide fish fry facilities. On the other hand, bait cultivation barrels are used to feed the fish fry into the pool. When the fry grow to a strong physique and have a strong ability to escape fish predation, the rotating figure eight grille can be opened to allow the fry to enter the reservoir area, replenish the resources of the target fish protected in the reservoir area, and the fish population can be continued.

[0019] The advantages and technical effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention aims at the problem that the local fishes that like flowing water environment cannot complete key life activities such as spawning and hatching of fish eggs due to the change of environmental conditions in the reservoir area after the completion of the water conservancy and hydropower project, and the fish resources are reduced. The present invention simulates an environment suitable for fish spawning, fish egg hatching and fish fry feeding, so that the local fishes can complete spawning, fish egg hatching and fish fry cultivation in the artificial equipment of simulated ecology, and at the same time, the predation of fish fry by carnivorous fishes can be avoided. Compared with the natural conditions, the hatching rate of fish eggs and the survival rate of fish fry are higher, so that the local fishes can maintain a certain amount of resources and continue the population. At the same time, a design and operation method is proposed, which can guide the design and operation of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ecological fish breeding platform used in the reservoir area of ​​the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section view;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 BB cross-section diagram;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 CC profile of ;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 DD cross-section diagram.

[0025] In the figure, 1-annular trough, 2-inflatable buoy, 3-variable frequency water pump, 4-fish blocking net, 5-rotatable figure eight grille, 6-radar flow meter, 7-water quality monitor, 8-bait cultivation barrel, 9-video camera, 10-shading net, 11-walking grille, 12-shading net slide rail, 13-diversion island. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper”, “middle”, “lower”, “inside”, “outside”, and “both sides” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only simplified descriptions for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] like Figure 1-5As shown, the ecological fish breeding platform for reservoir area of ​​the present invention comprises an annular trough body 1, an inflatable buoy 2 arranged around the annular trough body 1 and connected to the annular trough body 1, and the depth of the annular trough body 1 in the water is adjusted by inflating or deflating the inflatable buoy 2, so that the annular trough body floats in the reservoir area, and variable frequency water pumps 3 are installed on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body 1 to push the water flow in the annular trough body 1 to have a certain flow rate, and openings are arranged on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body 1, and a certain flow rate is arranged at the openings, and the fish are lured into the annular trough body 1 by using the head flow habit of the fish, and a rotatable eight-shaped grille 5 is arranged on the inner side of the trough body opening to prevent the fish from escaping, and the bottom of the trough body 1 is paved with fine sand and pebbles that simulate the river bottom environment and are convenient for fish to spawn, and a raised diversion island 13 is arranged in the center of the annular trough body 1, and the diversion island 13 is parallel to the long side of the annular trough body 1, and two variable frequency water pumps 3 are located on both sides of the outer side of the diversion island 13, so that the water flow in the annular trough body 1 forms a circulation.

[0030] Radar flowmeters 6 and water quality detectors 7 are arranged on both sides of the guide island 13, and video cameras 9 are arranged on the side of the annular trough body 1 to monitor the flow velocity, water quality and fish activity dynamics in the trough body, so as to adjust the water flow velocity at any time.

[0031] A walking grid 11 and a shading net 10 for controlling light are arranged between the guide island 13 and the long side of the annular tank body 1 .

[0032] A bait cultivation barrel 8 for cultivating natural bait is arranged on the guide island 13 to provide bait for spawning broodstock.

[0033] The annular trough body 1 is the platform body, each annular trough body is a unit, the number of annular trough bodies is determined according to needs, and the long sides of multiple annular trough bodies are spliced ​​in sequence to form an ecological fish breeding platform.

[0034] Specifically, the annular trough body 1 is the main body of the equipment, and each annular trough body is a unit. The number of annular trough bodies can be determined according to needs, and the annular trough bodies can be spliced ​​and installed; the inflatable buoy 2 is arranged around the annular trough body 1 and connected to the annular trough body 1, so that the annular trough body floats in the reservoir area, and the water depth in the annular trough body can be adjusted by inflating or deflating the inflatable buoy 2. The variable frequency water pump 3 is installed on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body 1 to promote the water flow in the annular trough body 1 to have a certain flow rate; a fish intercepting net 4 is arranged in front of the variable frequency water pump 3 to prevent fish from swimming towards the variable frequency water pump 3 and causing damage; openings are set on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body 1, and a certain flow rate is set at the openings. The fish are lured into the trough body by using the head flow habit of fish, and a rotatable eight-shaped grille 5 opening into the trough body is installed to prevent the fish from escaping; the bottom of the annular trough body 1 is paved with fine sand and pebbles to simulate the river bottom environment for fish spawning; a radar flow meter 6, a water quality detector 7 and a video camera 9 are arranged on the annular trough body 1 to monitor the flow rate, water quality and fish activity dynamics in the trough body, so as to adjust the water flow rate at any time; the bait cultivation barrel 8 is used to cultivate natural bait and provide bait for spawning broodstock so that the broodstock can recover as soon as possible after spawning. At the same time, it also cultivates fry bait to ensure that the fry have enough bait and promote their growth and development. According to the requirements of fish egg hatching and seedling cultivation on light, a shading net 10 is used to control the light; a walking grid 11 is arranged above the pool body of the annular tank body 1 to facilitate the staff to move around and operate the equipment.

[0035] The design operation method is as follows:

[0036] ① Carry out on-site fish surveys to determine the target fish for protection, investigate the sex ratio and breeding time of the target fish population, the bottom quality, flow rate, water depth, and water quality of the spawning and feeding grounds, the territory area required for the reproduction of a single female fish, and the resource quantity and cluster location of the target fish in the reservoir area after the operation of the water conservancy and hydropower projects.

[0037] ② According to the resource quantity, sex ratio and territory area required for single female fish reproduction of the target fish in the reservoir area, the total area of ​​spawning matrix at the bottom of the annular trough of this equipment is determined, and the spawning matrix area of ​​each unit annular trough, the number of unit annular troughs and the length, width and other dimensions of the annular trough are determined accordingly.

[0038] ③ According to the bottom quality, flow rate and water depth data of the target fish spawning grounds and feeding grounds, the spawning matrix material and ratio at the bottom of the annular trough are determined, the flow rate and operating depth of the water in the trough are controlled, and the equipment design of the present invention is carried out accordingly.

[0039] ④ The layout location of the equipment of the present invention is determined according to the reproduction time of the target fish and the cluster location in the reservoir area.

[0040] ⑤Fish breeding: After the equipment is arranged in the reservoir area, turn on the variable frequency water pump and the rotatable figure eight grille to form a fish-attracting flow rate at the openings on both sides of the short side of the tank. When the video camera monitors a certain number of fish entering, close the figure eight grille, adjust the water flow rate and water depth in the tank to values ​​suitable for fish spawning, and use a radar flow meter to monitor the water flow rate in the tank. During the spawning period, you can use a bait cultivation bucket to feed the pool with natural bait for the target fish to eat, so as to enhance the physique of the spawning fish. After the fish have finished spawning, open the figure eight grille to allow the fish to swim out of the annular tank. After all the fish have swum out, close the figure eight grille.

[0041] ⑥ Fish egg hatching: adjust the flow rate and water depth in the annular tank to values ​​suitable for fish egg hatching, and use a water quality monitor to monitor the water quality. If necessary, open the sunshade net to prevent direct sunlight from affecting fish hatching.

[0042] ⑦Fish fry cultivation: After the fry are hatched, the flow rate and water depth in the annular trough are adjusted to values ​​suitable for fish fry cultivation. On the one hand, the water containing natural bait in the reservoir area is continuously input into the annular trough through a variable frequency water pump to provide fish fry facilities. On the other hand, bait cultivation barrels are used to feed the fish fry into the pool. When the fry grow to a strong physique and have a strong ability to escape fish predation, the figure eight grille is opened to allow the fry to enter the reservoir area, replenish the resources of the target fish protected in the reservoir area, and the fish population can be continued.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological fish breeding platform for reservoir area, characterized in that: The invention comprises an annular tank body (1), an inflatable buoy (2) arranged around the annular tank body (1) and connected to the annular tank body (1), wherein the depth of the annular tank body (1) in the water is adjusted by inflating or deflating the inflatable buoy (2), so that the annular tank body floats in the reservoir area, and a variable frequency water pump (3) is installed on both sides of the short side of the annular tank body (1) to push the water flow in the annular tank body (1) to have a certain flow rate, and openings are arranged on both sides of the short side of the annular tank body (1), and the flow rate at the openings is certain, so as to utilize the fish's The fish are lured into the annular trough (1) by the habit of the top flow. A rotatable figure eight-shaped grille (5) is arranged on the inner side of the trough opening to prevent the fish from escaping. The bottom of the annular trough (1) is paved with fine sand and pebbles that simulate the river bottom environment and are convenient for fish to lay eggs. A raised guide island (13) is arranged in the center of the annular trough (1). The guide island (13) is parallel to the long side of the annular trough (1). Two variable frequency water pumps (3) are located on both sides of the outer side of the guide island (13), so that the water flow in the annular trough (1) forms a circulation.

2. The ecological fish breeding platform for reservoir area according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Radar flow meters (6) and water quality detectors (7) are arranged on both sides of the diversion island (13), and video cameras (9) are arranged on the side of the annular tank body (1) for monitoring the flow velocity, water quality and fish activity dynamics in the tank body, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the water flow velocity at any time.

3. The ecological fish breeding platform for reservoir area according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A walking grid (11) and a shading net (10) for controlling light are arranged between the guide island (13) and the long side of the annular trough body (1).

4. The ecological fish breeding platform for reservoir area according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A bait cultivation barrel (8) for cultivating natural bait is arranged on the diversion island (13) to provide bait for spawning broodstock.

5. The ecological fish breeding platform for reservoir area according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The annular trough body (1) is the platform body, each annular trough body is a unit, the number of annular trough bodies is determined according to needs, and the long sides of multiple annular trough bodies are spliced ​​in sequence to form an ecological fish breeding platform.

6. A design and operation method of an ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area, using the ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: ① Carry out on-site fish surveys to determine the target fish for protection, investigate the sex ratio and reproduction time of the target fish population, the bottom quality, flow rate, water depth and water quality of the spawning and feeding grounds, the territory area required for single female fish to reproduce, and the resource quantity and cluster location of the target fish in the reservoir area after the operation of the water conservancy and hydropower projects; ② According to the resource quantity, sex ratio and the territory area required for single female fish reproduction of the target fish in the reservoir area, determine the total area of ​​spawning matrix at the bottom of the annular trough of the ecological fish breeding platform, and accordingly determine the spawning matrix area of ​​each unit annular trough, the number of unit annular troughs and the length and width of the annular trough; ③ According to the bottom quality, flow rate and water depth data of the target fish spawning grounds and feeding grounds, determine the spawning matrix material and ratio at the bottom of the annular tank, and control the flow rate and running water depth of the water in the tank; ④ Determine the location of the ecological fish breeding platform according to the breeding time of the target fish and the location of their clusters in the reservoir area; ⑤ Fish breeding: After the ecological fish breeding platform is arranged in the reservoir area, turn on the variable frequency water pump and the rotatable eight-shaped grille to form a fish-attracting flow rate at the openings on both sides of the short side of the tank. When the video camera monitors a certain number of fish entering, close the rotatable eight-shaped grille, and adjust the water flow rate and water depth in the tank to values ​​suitable for fish spawning, and use a radar flow meter to monitor the water flow rate in the tank; during the spawning period, use bait cultivation barrels to feed natural bait for the target fish to protect, so as to enhance the physique of spawning fish; after the fish have finished spawning, open the rotatable eight-shaped grille to allow the fish to swim out of the annular tank. After all the fish have swum out, close the rotatable eight-shaped grille; ⑥Fish egg hatching: adjust the flow rate and water depth in the annular tank to values ​​suitable for fish egg hatching, and use a water quality monitor to monitor the water quality. If necessary, open the sunshade net to prevent direct sunlight from affecting fish hatching; ⑦Fish fry cultivation: After the fry are hatched, the flow rate and water depth in the annular trough are adjusted to values ​​suitable for fish fry cultivation. On the one hand, the water containing natural bait in the reservoir area is continuously input into the annular trough through a variable frequency water pump to provide fish fry facilities. On the other hand, bait cultivation barrels are used to feed the fish fry into the pool. When the fry grow to a strong physique and have a strong ability to escape fish predation, the rotating figure eight grille can be opened to allow the fry to enter the reservoir area, replenish the resources of the target fish protected in the reservoir area, and the fish population can be continued.

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