Positioning frame for in-vitro punching and screw implanting of humerus handle

Abstract

The invention discloses a positioning frame for in-vitro perforation and screw implantation of a humerus handle, and relates to the technical field of orthopedic surgical instruments, the positioning frame comprises a connecting frame, a main body frame, a sleeve device and an adjusting device; the connecting frame can rotate relative to the medullary cavity nail; the connecting frame is connected with the main body frame in a sliding manner; the sleeve device comprises a fixed cylinder and a movable cylinder; the movable cylinder is movably connected with the fixed cylinder; a first cavity and a second cavity are respectively formed in the fixed cylinder and the movable cylinder; the adjusting device comprises a rotating piece; the rotating piece is rotationally connected with the main body frame; the end, away from the medullary cavity nail, of the connecting frame penetrates through the rotating piece and is in threaded fit with the rotating piece. According to the device, a doctor can conveniently punch and plant nails at different positions of the humerus of a patient, and meanwhile, the nail planting effect can be effectively improved, so that the effect of the humerus fracture surgical operation can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bone surgical instruments, and in particular to a positioning frame for externally drilling holes in a humeral handle and implanting screws. Background Art

[0002] The humerus is the thickest bone in the upper limbs. The upper end forms the shoulder joint with the scapula, and the lower end forms the elbow joint with the radius and ulna. When the humerus is fractured, holes are usually drilled in the humerus and screws are implanted to fix the structure of the humerus after the fracture, which can effectively promote the recovery of humeral fractures and effectively improve the effect of humeral fracture recovery.

[0003] In the existing surgical procedures for humeral fractures, positioning instruments are usually used to assist multiple screws in determining the drilling positions of the screws on the humerus and implanting the screws into the holes. Before using the positioning instruments, it is necessary to make a preliminary judgment on the position where the screws need to be implanted based on the condition of the humeral fracture in vitro, and then assemble and adapt the instruments based on the preliminary judgment before using the instruments in the surgical procedures for humeral fractures.

[0004] However, since the assembly and debugging stages of the positioning device before use take a long time and the device is difficult to operate during use, it is easy to affect the effect of the final screw implantation in the humerus, thereby affecting the effect of the surgical operation on the humeral fracture.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an instrument for positioning screws used in surgical operations for humeral fractures that is easy to use, simple to operate, and has a better nailing effect. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a positioning frame for external drilling of holes and implantation of screws in the humeral stem, which can facilitate doctors to drill holes and implant screws at different locations on the patient's humerus, and can effectively improve the effect of implantation, thereby effectively improving the effect of surgical operations for humeral fractures.

[0007] The present application provides a positioning frame for externally drilling holes in a humeral handle and implanting screws, which adopts the following technical solution: A positioning frame for externally drilling holes in a humeral handle and implanting screws, connected to the part of the intramedullary nail implanted in the humerus located outside the humerus, comprising a connecting frame, a main frame, a sleeve device and an adjusting device; One end of the connecting frame is sleeved with the intramedullary nail and can rotate relative to the intramedullary nail with the axis of the intramedullary nail as the axis; the other end of the connecting frame is slidably connected to the main frame, and the sliding direction of the connecting frame is parallel to the rotation axis of the connecting frame; The sleeve device comprises a fixed sleeve and a movable sleeve; the fixed sleeve is fixedly arranged on the main frame, and the axis of the fixed sleeve is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the connecting frame; the movable sleeve is movably connected to the fixed sleeve, and the movable direction of the movable sleeve is parallel to its own axis and the axis of the fixed sleeve; the movable sleeve is located at one end of the fixed sleeve close to the intramedullary nail, and the interiors of the fixed sleeve and the movable sleeve respectively have a first cavity and a second cavity for the screw to pass through, and the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity; The adjusting device comprises a rotating member, which is arranged on the main frame, is rotatably connected to the main frame, and a rotation axis of the rotating member is parallel to a sliding direction of the connecting frame, and an end of the connecting frame away from the intramedullary nail passes through the rotating member and is threadedly engaged with the rotating member.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, the space jointly formed by the first cavity and the second cavity makes it convenient for the doctor to complete drilling and nailing on the humerus outside the patient's body. The positions of drilling and nailing can be adjusted on the circumferential side of the humerus by controlling the rotation of the connecting frame relative to the intramedullary nail and controlling the adjustment device, thereby making it convenient for the doctor to drill holes and nail at different positions on the patient's humerus; and, subsequent screws can also pass through the intramedullary nail after drilling holes and implanting them on the humerus, which can further improve the reinforcement effect of the humeral structure after nailing, thereby further effectively improving the effect of surgical operations on humeral fractures.

[0009] Optionally, the adjustment device further comprises a protection frame; the protection frame is arranged at one end of the main frame close to the connecting frame, the protection frame surrounds one side of the rotating member, and the protection frame is located on the side of the rotating member away from the intramedullary nail.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the protection frame can protect the rotating part on one side of the rotating part, and provide a force point for the doctor to operate the positioning frame, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the doctor accidentally rotating the rotating part when using the positioning frame.

[0011] Optionally, a scale is provided at one end of the connecting frame close to the main frame along the sliding direction thereof, and the scale can be exposed to the outside during the sliding process of the connecting frame relative to the main frame.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the doctor can determine the drilling positions of other screws based on the drilling position of one screw and the distance between different screws along the axial direction of the intramedullary nail, thereby making the process of drilling and implanting screws on the humerus more convenient and quick.

[0013] Optionally, a visible window is provided on the fixing tube along the axial direction of the fixing tube, and two ends of the visible window are respectively communicated with the first cavity and the outer space of the fixing tube.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of drilling and screwing on the humerus, the doctor can observe the position of the drilling tool and the screw through the visual window, thereby facilitating the doctor to perform corresponding operations.

[0015] Optionally, a scale is provided on the outer surface of the fixing tube along the axial direction of the fixing tube, and the scale is located on one side of the visible window.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of drilling and screwing on the humerus, it can be further convenient for the doctor to observe the position of the drilling tool and the screw through the visual window, thereby further facilitating the doctor to perform corresponding operations and making the operation more precise.

[0017] Optionally, a pad device is also included; The protective pad device comprises a pad, a plurality of sliding members and a plurality of locking components; The sliding member is slidably connected to the main frame, and the sliding direction of the sliding member is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed cylinder; the end of the sliding member close to the intramedullary nail is connected to the pad, and the pad is provided with a clearance opening for the movable cylinder to pass through; a plurality of locking components correspond one to one with a plurality of the sliding members, and the locking components are arranged on the main frame and can unlock and lock the sliding of the corresponding sliding members.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the pad device is controlled so that the pad is against the patient's body, which can effectively improve the overall position stability of the positioning frame, thereby effectively reducing the probability of risks caused by positioning frame deviation during drilling and nailing on the humerus, and at the same time can further improve the effect of nailing.

[0019] Optionally, the locking assembly includes a locking member and an elastic member; The locking member is rotatably connected to the main frame, the rotation axis of the locking member is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding member, and the locking member is provided with a through hole for the sliding member to pass through; the two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the locking member and the main frame, and have a tendency to drive the locking member to rotate; When the locking member rotates to the extreme position under the action of the elastic member, the sliding member contacts and abuts against the hole wall of the perforation, and the sliding of the sliding member is restricted; when the locking member rotates to overcome the action of the elastic member so that the sliding member maintains a distance from the hole wall of the perforation, the sliding member can slide freely.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient for doctors to operate the locking component, and it is convenient for the locking component to lock and unlock the sliding of the sliding member, thereby making it convenient for doctors to control the sliding of the sliding member.

[0021] Optionally, the pad has an arc-shaped contact surface at one end facing away from the sliding member, and the pad has a plurality of anti-slip patterns on the contact surface.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the friction between the contact surface of the pad and the patient's body can be improved, thereby further improving the overall position stability of the positioning frame, thereby further improving the effect of nailing.

[0023] Optionally, the sliding member has a clamping ball at one end close to the cushion, and the sliding member has a limiting portion at a position close to the clamping ball; the cushion is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves and a plurality of limiting grooves, the clamping grooves penetrate the contact surface to form an opening, the limiting grooves penetrate the side of the cushion away from the contact surface, and the clamping grooves are in communication with the limiting grooves; When the cushion moves to the extreme position relative to the sliding member in the direction approaching the intramedullary nail, the engaging ball contacts and abuts against the groove wall of the engaging groove, and the engaging ball is completely located in the engaging groove; when the cushion moves to the extreme position relative to the sliding member in the direction away from the intramedullary nail, the limiting portion contacts and abuts against the groove wall of the limiting groove, and the engaging ball is partially located outside the engaging groove.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the pad can be conveniently brought into close contact with the patient's body in different positions, so that the contact surface can be in contact with the patient's body to the greatest extent, thereby further improving the overall position stability of the positioning frame; at the same time, when the contact surface is in close contact with the patient's body, the parts of several snap-in balls located outside the snap-in grooves can squeeze the patient's body to make his skin tight, which is convenient for subsequent drilling on the humerus and can reduce the wound caused by the operation.

[0025] Optionally, the cushion has protrusions on both sides of both ends of the arc-shaped track direction of the contact surface.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, when the contact surface is in close contact with the patient's body, the raised portion can further squeeze the patient's body to further tighten the patient's skin, thereby further facilitating subsequent drilling on the humerus and further reducing the wound formed by the operation.

[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. Easy to use and simple to operate, so that doctors can punch holes and implant nails at different positions on the patient's humerus, and at the same time can effectively improve the effect of implantation, thereby effectively improving the effect of humeral fracture surgery; 2. It can improve the accuracy of drilling and screwing on the humerus, thereby further effectively improving the effect of surgical treatment of humeral fractures; 3. The overall position stability of the positioning frame can be effectively improved with the help of the patient's body, thereby further improving the effect of drilling and screwing on the humerus; 4. It can make the patient's skin as tight as possible before drilling the humerus, making the subsequent drilling process on the humerus more convenient and effectively reducing the wound caused by the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of one side of a positioning frame for externally drilling holes in a humeral stem and implanting screws in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the other side of a positioning frame for externally drilling holes in a humeral handle and implanting screws in Example 1; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating device in Example 1; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sleeve device and the pad device in Example 1; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pad device in Example 1; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 2, a positioning frame used for external drilling of holes in the humeral stem and implantation of screws.

[0029] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. intramedullary nail; 2. connecting frame; 3. main frame; 31. main body; 32. extension part; 4. sleeve device; 41. fixed cylinder; 411. first cavity; 412. visual window; 42. movable cylinder; 421. second cavity; 5. adjusting device; 51. rotating member; 52. protective frame; 6. pad device; 61. pad; 611. yielding opening; 612. snap-fit ​​groove; 613. limiting groove; 614. contact surface; 615. anti-slip pattern; 616. raised part; 62. sliding member; 621. hand-held part; 622. snap-fit ​​ball; 623. limiting part; 63. locking assembly; 631. locking member; 6311. perforation; 632. elastic member; 7. scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0031] Embodiment 1: The embodiment of the present application discloses a positioning frame for drilling holes in the humeral handle and implanting screws externally, which is used to assist doctors in drilling holes in the patient's humerus and implanting multiple screws to complete surgical operations for humeral fractures.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The positioning frame is installed based on the patient's humerus. Before installing the positioning frame, a hole is drilled on the humerus at the end of the humerus away from the scapula, and the intramedullary nail 1 is pre-implanted, and the axial direction of the intramedullary nail 1 is parallel to the length direction of the humerus. After the intramedullary nail 1 is implanted inside the humerus, one end of the intramedullary nail 1 in the axial direction will be exposed on the side of the humerus away from the scapula and located outside the patient's body, and the positioning frame will be installed based on the part of the intramedullary nail 1 located outside the patient's body.

[0033] The positioning frame includes a connecting frame 2, a main frame 3, a sleeve device 4, an adjusting device 5 and a pad device 6. The connecting frame 2 is used to form a connection between the positioning frame as a whole and the intramedullary nail 1; the main frame 3 is used as a carrier for installing other structures of the positioning frame; the sleeve device 4 is used to help doctors drill holes and implant screws on the humerus from outside the patient's body; the adjusting device 5 is used to facilitate doctors to adjust the positioning frame according to the position where the screw needs to be implanted on the patient's humerus; the pad device 6 is used to contact the patient's body to improve the overall position stability of the positioning frame, so as to effectively improve the effect of the surgical operation on humeral fracture.

[0034] The connecting frame 2 is an L-shaped structure as a whole, one end of the connecting frame 2 is detachably connected to the part of the intramedullary nail 1 exposed outside the patient's body, and the other end of the connecting frame 2 is used to connect to the main frame 3. After one end of the connecting frame 2 is connected to the part of the intramedullary nail 1 exposed outside the patient's body, the connecting frame 2 is sleeved and matched with the end of the intramedullary nail 1, and can rotate relative to the intramedullary nail 1, and the rotation axis of the connecting frame 2 coincides with the axis of the intramedullary nail 1.

[0035] The main frame 3 includes a main body 31 and an extension 32. The main body 31 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure as a whole, and the extension 32 is also an L-shaped structure as a whole. One end of the extension 32 is fixedly connected to the main body 31, and the other end is used to connect with the connecting frame 2. The end of the connecting frame 2 away from the intramedullary nail 1 is slidably connected to the extension 32, and the sliding direction of the connecting frame 2 is parallel to the rotation axis of the connecting frame 2, and at this time, the sliding direction of the connecting frame 2 is parallel to the length direction of the main body 31. In this embodiment, the position where the extension 32 is fixedly connected to the main body 31 is preferably located on one side of the width direction of the main body 31 and close to one end of its length direction.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The adjustment device 5 is installed at one end of the extension portion 32 close to the connecting frame 2, and is used to adjust the sliding of the connecting frame 2 relative to the main frame 3.

[0037] The adjusting device 5 includes a rotating member 51 and a protection frame 52 .

[0038] The rotating member 51 is in an overall circular ring structure, and is rotatably connected to an end of the extension portion 32 away from the main body 31. The rotation axis of the rotating member 51 coincides with its own axis and is parallel to the sliding direction of the connecting frame 2. The connecting frame 2 has a threaded rod at one end close to the extension portion 32, which passes through the rotating member 51 and can be inserted into the extension portion 32, and the threaded rod is threadedly matched with the rotating member 51.

[0039] During the sliding process of the connecting frame 2, the rotating member 51 remains sleeved outside the threaded rod of the connecting frame 2 and is threadedly matched with the threaded rod of the connecting frame 2. At this time, the connecting frame 2 can be driven to slide relative to the extension portion 32 by controlling the rotating member 51 to rotate relative to the extension portion 32. In this embodiment, the surface of the radial circumferential side of the rotating member 51 is preferably designed to prevent slipping, so that the doctor can control the rotation of the rotating member 51; and the extension portion 32 is preferably provided with a hole for accommodating the threaded rod of the connecting frame 2 to protect the threaded rod on the connecting frame 2.

[0040] The protective frame 52 is a U-shaped structure as a whole, and one end of the protective frame 52 is fixedly connected to the end of the extension portion 32 away from the main body 31. The rotating member 51 is located in the groove formed by the U-shaped structure of the protective frame 52, and the protective frame 52 will form a enclosure for the side of the rotating member 51 away from the intramedullary nail 1; the end of the connecting frame 2 close to the extension portion 32 passes through the other end of the protective frame 52 and is fitted with the protective frame 52. At this time, the other end of the protective frame 52 is convenient for guiding the connecting frame 2 to slide, and the threaded rod on the connecting frame 2 maintains threaded fit with the rotating member 51.

[0041] At this time, the protective frame 52 can increase the difficulty of the doctor's control of the rotation of the rotating member 51 on one side of the rotating member 51, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the rotating member 51 being accidentally rotated during the control of the movement of the main frame 3; at the same time, the protective frame 52 can provide the doctor with a force point on the side of the main frame 3 away from the intramedullary nail 1, making it easier for the doctor to control the movement of the protective frame 52.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the doctor to determine the position of drilling and nailing along the axial direction of the intramedullary nail 1 on the humerus by rotating the rotating member 51, the surface of the portion of the connecting frame 2 close to the extension portion 32 is preferably also distributed with scales 7.

[0043] The scales 7 are distributed on the surface of the mating part of the connecting frame 2 and the protective frame 52 close to the main body 31, and are distributed along the sliding direction of the connecting frame 2, so that the doctor can intuitively observe the scales 7 while operating the positioning frame. When the connecting frame 2 slides to the extreme position in the direction close to the extension portion 32, the scales 7 on the connecting frame 2 will be hidden inside the end of the protective frame 52 away from the extension portion 32; when the connecting frame 2 slides to the extreme position in the direction away from the extension portion 32, the scales 7 on the connecting frame 2 will be exposed to the outside for the doctor to observe and read.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The sleeve device 4 includes a fixed cylinder 41 and a movable cylinder 42. The fixed cylinder 41 and the movable cylinder 42 are both hollow cylindrical structures. The interiors of the fixed cylinder 41 and the movable cylinder 42 respectively have a first cylindrical cavity 411 and a second cylindrical cavity 421. The axis of the first cavity 411 coincides with the axis of the fixed cylinder 41, and the axis of the second cavity 421 coincides with the axis of the movable cylinder 42.

[0045] The fixing tube 41 is fixedly mounted on the main body 31 and is located on the side of the main body 31 away from the intramedullary nail 1 . The axial direction of the fixing tube 41 is parallel to the thickness direction of the main body 31 and is aligned with the axial direction of the intramedullary nail 1 .

[0046] The movable cylinder 42 is fitted with the fixed cylinder 41, and the axis of the movable cylinder 42 coincides with the axis of the fixed cylinder 41; the movable cylinder 42 can move relative to the fixed cylinder 41, the moving direction of the movable cylinder 42 is parallel to the axis direction of the movable cylinder 41, and a hole is provided on the main body 31 for the movable cylinder 42 to move through. In this embodiment, the fixed cylinder 41 preferably has threads on the cavity wall on the radial side of the first cavity 411, and the surface of one end of the movable cylinder 42 in the axial direction also has threads, and the movable cylinder 42 and the solid cylinder are movably connected by threaded fit.

[0047] The end of the movable cylinder 42 away from the thread on its surface has a spherical design, which is convenient for it to contact and abut against the patient's body, reducing the probability of causing damage to the patient's skin during the contact between the movable cylinder 42 and the patient's body. The radial size of the first cavity 411 is greater than the radial size of the second cavity 421. When the movable cylinder 42 is movably connected to the fixed cylinder 41, the first cavity 411 and the second cavity 421 will jointly form a space for the punching tool and the screw to enter.

[0048] The end of the movable cylinder 42 close to the thread on its surface has a structure that is convenient for the doctor to control its rotation, so that the doctor can control the movable cylinder 42 to move relative to the fixed cylinder 41 by inserting a specific tool into the first cavity 411. In this embodiment, since the above design is a common prior art, it will not be described in detail here, and only the structure of the end of the movable cylinder 42 is shown in the drawings.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the doctor to know the status of drilling and nailing and to improve the effect of drilling and nailing on the humerus, a visual window 412 is preferably provided on one side of the radial direction of the fixing tube 41 to facilitate the doctor to observe the status in the first cavity 411.

[0050] The two ends of the visible window 412 are respectively connected to the first cavity 411 and one side space of the fixed tube 41 in the radial direction. In this embodiment, the visible window 412 is preferably a waist-shaped hole, and the length direction of the visible window 412 is preferably parallel to the axial direction of the fixed tube 41.

[0051] Furthermore, in order to further facilitate the doctor to know the status of drilling and nailing, improve the accuracy of the doctor's drilling and nailing, and further improve the effect of drilling and nailing on the humerus, it is preferred that the surface of one side of the radial direction of the fixing tube 41 is also distributed with scales 7.

[0052] The scales 7 are distributed on the surface of the fixed tube 41 along the axial direction of the fixed tube 41 and are located on one side of the visual window 412. At this time, when the doctor observes the drilling and screwing through the visual window 412, he can determine the moving distance and position status of the drilling tool and the screw according to the scales 7 on the surface of the solid tube.

[0053] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The pad device 6 includes a pad 61, a plurality of sliding members 62 and a plurality of locking components 63, and the plurality of sliding members 62 and the plurality of locking components 63 correspond to each other. In this embodiment, the pad device 6 preferably includes two sliding members 62 and two locking components 63 in total.

[0054] The two sliding members 62 and the two locking components 63 are both mounted on the main body 31 , respectively located at two ends of the main body 31 in the length direction, and symmetrically distributed on the main body 31 relative to the axis of the fixing tube 41 .

[0055] The sliding member 62 is a round rod-shaped structure as a whole. The sliding member 62 passes through the main body 31 and is slidably connected to the main body 31. The sliding direction of the sliding member 62 is parallel to its own axis and the thickness direction of the main body 31. The end of the sliding member 62 located on the side of the main body 31 away from the intramedullary nail 1 has a hand-held portion 621 that is convenient for the doctor to control its sliding relative to the main body 31, and the surface of the hand-held portion 621 has frosted textures, which is convenient for the doctor to apply force after holding; the end of the sliding member 62 located on the side of the main body 31 close to the intramedullary nail 1 has a limiting portion 623, and the end of the limiting portion 623 close to the intramedullary nail 1 is fixedly connected to a clamping ball 622.

[0056] The pad 61 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure as a whole, and is installed on the side of the main body 31 close to the intramedullary nail 1, and is connected to the ends of the two sliding members 62. The pad 61 is provided with a clearance opening 611 for the movable cylinder 42 to pass through, and the axial direction of the clearance opening 611 is parallel to the thickness direction of the pad 61, and the radial dimension of the clearance opening 611 is greater than the outer diameter of the movable cylinder 42.

[0057] The pad 61 is used to abut against the patient's shoulder, and the pad 61 has a contact surface 614 on the side close to the intramedullary nail 1 for contacting the patient's skin, and the contact surface 614 is an arc surface. The arc trajectory of the arc surface is perpendicular to the width direction of the pad 61 and is symmetrically distributed relative to the axis of the clearance opening 611.

[0058] The cushion 61 is provided with a plurality of snap-fitting grooves 612 and a plurality of limiting grooves 613, and the plurality of snap-fitting grooves 612 and the plurality of limiting grooves 613 correspond to the plurality of sliding members 62. In this embodiment, correspondingly, the cushion 61 is preferably provided with two snap-fitting grooves 612 and two limiting grooves 613, and the two snap-fitting grooves 612 and the two limiting grooves 613 are symmetrically distributed on the cushion 61 relative to the axis of the clearance opening 611; and the snap-fitting grooves 612 and the limiting grooves 613 are preferably communicated with the clearance opening 611.

[0059] The snap-fit ​​groove 612 and the limiting groove 613 are respectively located on both sides of the pad 61 in the thickness direction. The snap-fit ​​groove 612 passes through the contact surface 614 to form an opening. The limiting groove 613 passes through the end surface of the pad 61 away from the contact surface 614 to form an opening. The snap-fit ​​groove 612 is communicated with the corresponding limiting groove 613.

[0060] When one end of the sliding member 62 close to the intramedullary nail 1 is connected to the pad 61, the engaging ball 622 will engage with the corresponding engaging groove 612, and the limiting portion 623 will be located in the corresponding limiting groove 613; and at this time, the pad 61 can move slightly relative to the sliding member 62.

[0061] When the pad 61 moves to the extreme position relative to the sliding member 62 in the direction close to the intramedullary nail 1, the locking ball 622 will contact and abut against the groove wall of the corresponding locking groove 612 and be located in the locking groove 612 as a whole, and there is a gap between the limiting portion 623 and the groove wall of the limiting groove 613; when the pad 61 moves to the extreme position relative to the sliding member 62 in the direction away from the intramedullary nail 1, there is a gap between the locking ball 622 and the groove wall of the corresponding locking groove 612 and part of it is located outside the locking groove 612, and the limiting portion 623 contacts and abuts against the groove wall of the limiting groove 613.

[0062] When the two ends of the mat 61 in the length direction move to the limit positions in different directions relative to the corresponding sliding members 62, the axis of the clearance opening 611 on the mat 61 will be inclined relative to the axis of the movable cylinder 42, and the inner wall of the clearance opening 611 and the outer surface of the movable cylinder 42 still maintain a distance. The mat 61 can adjust its position relative to the movable cylinder 42 according to the shape of the patient's shoulder, so that the contact surface 614 and the patient's shoulder skin are as large as possible, so that the friction between the mat 61 and the patient's shoulder skin is as large as possible, thereby effectively improving the position stability of the positioning frame relative to the patient's body.

[0063] Furthermore, the pad 61 moves as the two sliding members 62 slide relative to the main body 31, and the pad 61 moves toward the patient's shoulder so that the contact surface 614 is tightly fitted against the patient's shoulder skin. At this time, the pad 61 will be in a position state relative to the two sliding members 62 when it moves to the extreme position in the direction away from the intramedullary nail 1.

[0064] At this time, the parts of the two locking balls 622 located outside the locking groove 612 can apply pressure to two places on the patient's shoulder skin, so that the patient's shoulder skin in the area between the two locking balls 622 is fully tightened, which is convenient for the subsequent drilling and nailing operations outside the patient's body through the space formed by the first cavity 411 and the second cavity 421, and can effectively reduce the wounds formed on the patient's body by the above operations.

[0065] The locking assembly 63 is installed on a side of the main body 31 away from the intramedullary nail 1 , and the two locking assemblies 63 are respectively located on both sides of the fixing tube 41 in the radial direction.

[0066] The locking assembly 63 includes a locking member 631 and an elastic member 632 .

[0067] The locking piece 631 is a plate-like structure with an L-shaped cross-section as a whole. One end of the L-shaped track of the locking piece 631 is rotatably connected to the main body 31. The rotation axis of the locking piece 631 is parallel to the length direction of the main body 31 and to the axial direction of the intramedullary nail 1. The rotation connection position of the locking piece 631 and the main body 31 is located on the side of the main body 31 away from the connection position between itself and the extension portion 32.

[0068] The other end of the L-shaped track of the locking member 631 is provided with a through hole 6311 for the corresponding sliding member 62 to pass through. In this embodiment, the through hole 6311 is preferably a circular hole whose radial dimension is larger than the radial dimension of the sliding member 62.

[0069] The elastic member 632 is installed between the locking member 631 and the main body 31, and the two ends of the elastic member 632 are respectively in contact with the end of the L-shaped track of the locking member 631 away from the main body 31 and the side of the main body 31 away from the intramedullary nail 1, and have a tendency to drive the corresponding locking member 631 to rotate in a direction away from the main body 31. In this embodiment, the elastic member 632 is preferably a compression spring; since the compression spring is a common prior art, it will not be described in detail here, and it is only briefly shown in the drawings.

[0070] The locking member 631 has limited rotation relative to the main body 31. When the locking member 631 is rotated to the extreme position in the direction away from the main body 31 under the action of the elastic member 632, the hole wall of the through hole 6311 will maintain contact with the surface of the sliding member 62, and the friction force between the hole wall of the through hole 6311 and the surface of the sliding member 62 will be able to limit the corresponding sliding member 62 from sliding relative to the main body 31, that is, the sliding of the corresponding sliding member 62 is locked.

[0071] The locking member 631 is controlled to overcome the force of the elastic member 632 and rotate to a certain extent and maintain the rotation in the direction close to the main body 31. At this time, a distance is maintained between the hole wall of the through hole 6311 and the surface of the sliding member 62. At this time, the corresponding sliding member 62 can slide relative to the main body 31, that is, the sliding of the corresponding sliding member 62 is unlocked.

[0072] The implementation principle of a positioning frame for externally drilling holes in the humeral handle and implanting screws in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: After the intramedullary nail 1 is inserted into the humerus, one end of the connecting frame 2 is mounted and matched with the end of the intramedullary nail 1 to form a rotational connection, and then the connecting frame 2 is controlled to rotate relative to the intramedullary nail 1 and the rotating member 51 is controlled to rotate, so that the axis of the movable cylinder 42 is aligned with the position on the patient's body where a hole is to be drilled and the nail is to be implanted, that is, the position on the patient's body where a hole is to be drilled and the nail is to be implanted is determined; Next, the two locking members 631 are controlled to rotate toward the main body 31 under the force of the corresponding elastic members 632, so that the two sliding members 62 are slid and unlocked, and then the two sliding members 62 are controlled to slide toward the intramedullary nail 1, so that the contact surface 614 of the pad 61 is closely attached to the skin of the patient's shoulder, and then the two locking members 631 are released. The two locking members 631 will rotate toward the direction away from the main body 31 under the force of the corresponding elastic members 632, so that the two sliding members 62 are slid and locked; Then, the movable cylinder 42 is controlled to move relative to the fixed cylinder 41 toward the direction close to the intramedullary nail 1 until the end of the movable cylinder 42 contacts the patient's body; thereafter, the doctor can extend the punching tool into the space formed by the first cavity 411 and the second cavity 421 to complete the punching, and then implant the screw into the patient's humerus with the help of the tool after the punching. In the process, the accuracy of the punching and nailing can be improved through the visible window 412 and the scale 7 on the surface of the fixed cylinder 41, so as to effectively improve the effect of the punching and nailing on the humerus.

[0073] Embodiment 2: Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the cushion 61.

[0074] Reference Figure 6 The pad 61 has a plurality of anti-skid patterns 615 on the contact surface 614, which can effectively increase the resistance between the contact surface 614 and the patient's shoulder skin, thereby further improving the position stability of the pad 61 after it contacts the patient's shoulder. In this embodiment, the anti-skid patterns 615 are preferably convex patterns.

[0075] Furthermore, in order to further increase the tightness of the patient's shoulder skin after the contact surface 614 is in contact with the patient's shoulder skin, it is preferred that the pad 61 has four protrusions 616 extending outward from the contact surface 614 .

[0076] The four protrusions 616 are respectively located on both sides of the pad 61 in the width direction, and the two protrusions 616 on the same side are respectively close to the two ends in the length direction of the pad 61. The side of the protrusion 616 close to the intramedullary nail 1 has a convex arc surface, and the convex arc surfaces of the two protrusions 616 located at the same end in the length direction of the pad 61 are flared.

[0077] When the pad 61 contacts the patient's shoulder, the four protrusions 616 will first contact the skin of the patient's shoulder and force the skin of the patient's shoulder in the area enclosed by the four protrusions 616 to stretch and tighten along the width direction of the pad 61, and then the contact surface 614 will fit and abut against the skin of the patient's shoulder as a whole.

[0078] The implementation principle of a positioning frame for externally drilling holes in the humeral handle and implanting screws in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: In the process of controlling the two sliding members 62 to slide relative to the main body 31 to drive the pad 61 toward the patient's shoulder, the four protrusions 616 first contact and abut against the skin of the patient's shoulder, and drive the skin of the corresponding area on the patient's shoulder to stretch and tighten along the width direction of the pad 61; then the two locking balls 622 contact and abut against the skin of the patient's shoulder, and drive the skin between the two locking balls 622 on the patient's shoulder to stretch and tighten along the length direction of the pad 61; after the patient's shoulder skin is fully stretched and tightened, the contact surface 614 fits tightly against it, so as to facilitate the subsequent drilling and nailing operations outside the patient's body through the space formed by the first cavity 411 and the second cavity 421, and at the same time can effectively reduce the wounds formed on the patient's body by the above operations.

[0079] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A positioning frame for drilling holes in the humeral stem and implanting screws externally, connected to the part of the intramedullary nail (1) implanted in the humerus located outside the humerus, characterized in that: It comprises a connecting frame (2), a main frame (3), a sleeve device (4) and an adjusting device (5); One end of the connecting frame (2) is sleeved and matched with the intramedullary nail (1), and can rotate relative to the intramedullary nail (1) with the axis of the intramedullary nail (1) as the axis; the other end of the connecting frame (2) is slidably connected to the main frame (3), and the sliding direction of the connecting frame (2) is parallel to the rotation axis of the connecting frame (2); The sleeve device (4) comprises a fixed sleeve (41) and a movable sleeve (42); the fixed sleeve (41) is fixedly arranged on the main frame (3), and the axis of the fixed sleeve (41) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the connecting frame (2); the movable sleeve (42) is movably connected to the fixed sleeve (41), and the movable direction of the movable sleeve (42) is parallel to its own axis and the axis of the fixed sleeve (41); the movable sleeve (42) is located at one end of the fixed sleeve (41) close to the intramedullary nail (1), and the interiors of the fixed sleeve (41) and the movable sleeve (42) respectively have a first cavity (411) and a second cavity (421) for screws to pass through, and the first cavity (411) is communicated with the second cavity (421); The adjusting device (5) comprises a rotating member (51); the rotating member (51) is arranged on the main frame (3), the rotating member (51) is rotatably connected to the main frame (3), and the rotation axis of the rotating member (51) is parallel to the sliding direction of the connecting frame (2); one end of the connecting frame (2) away from the intramedullary nail (1) passes through the rotating member (51) and is threadedly engaged with the rotating member (51).

2. A positioning frame for external drilling of humeral stem and implantation of screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting device (5) further comprises a protection frame (52); the protection frame (52) is arranged at one end of the main frame (3) close to the connecting frame (2), the protection frame (52) surrounds one side of the rotating member (51), and the protection frame (52) is located on a side of the rotating member (51) away from the intramedullary nail (1).

3. A positioning frame for external drilling of humeral stem and implantation of screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the connecting frame (2) close to the main frame (3) is provided with a scale (7) along its sliding direction, and during the process of the connecting frame (2) sliding relative to the main frame (3), the scale (7) can be exposed to the outside.

4. A positioning frame for external drilling of humeral stem and implantation of screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: A visible window (412) is provided on the fixed cylinder (41) along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder (41), and two ends of the visible window (412) are respectively in communication with the first cavity (411) and the outer space of the fixed cylinder (41).

5. A positioning frame for external drilling of humeral stem and implantation of screws according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer surface of the fixed cylinder (41) is provided with a scale (7) along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder (41), and the scale (7) is located on one side of the visible window (412).

6. A positioning frame for external drilling of humeral stem and implantation of screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a pad device (6); The protective pad device (6) comprises a pad (61), a plurality of sliding members (62) and a plurality of locking components (63); The sliding member (62) is slidably connected to the main frame (3), and the sliding direction of the sliding member (62) is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed cylinder (41); the end of the sliding member (62) close to the intramedullary nail (1) is connected to the pad (61), and the pad (61) is provided with a clearance opening (611) for the movable cylinder (42) to pass through; a plurality of locking components (63) correspond to a plurality of the sliding members (62) one by one, and the locking components (63) are arranged on the main frame (3) and can unlock and lock the sliding of the corresponding sliding member (62).

7. A positioning frame for externally drilling holes in the humeral stem and implanting screws according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking assembly (63) comprises a locking member (631) and an elastic member (632); The locking member (631) is rotatably connected to the main frame (3); the rotation axis of the locking member (631) is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding member (62); and the locking member (631) is provided with a through hole (6311) for the sliding member (62) to pass through; the two ends of the elastic member (632) are respectively connected to the locking member (631) and the main frame (3), and have a tendency to drive the locking member (631) to rotate; When the locking member (631) is rotated to the extreme position under the action of the elastic member (632), the sliding member (62) contacts and abuts against the hole wall of the through hole (6311), and the sliding of the sliding member (62) is restricted; when the locking member (631) rotates to overcome the action of the elastic member (632), so that the sliding member (62) maintains a distance from the hole wall of the through hole (6311), the sliding member (62) can slide freely.

8. A positioning frame for external drilling of humeral stem and implantation of screws according to claim 6, characterized in that: An end of the pad (61) facing away from the sliding member (62) has an arc-shaped contact surface (614), and the pad (61) has a plurality of anti-slip patterns (615) on the contact surface (614).

9. A positioning frame for externally drilling holes in a humeral stem and implanting screws according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sliding member (62) has a locking ball (622) at one end close to the cushion (61), and the sliding member (62) has a limiting portion (623) at a position close to the locking ball (622); the cushion (61) is provided with a plurality of locking grooves (612) and a plurality of limiting grooves (613) correspondingly, the locking groove (612) passes through the contact surface (614) to form an opening, the limiting groove (613) passes through a side of the cushion (61) away from the contact surface (614), and the locking groove (612) is in communication with the limiting groove (613); When the cushion (61) moves to an extreme position relative to the sliding member (62) in a direction close to the intramedullary nail (1), the engaging ball (622) contacts and abuts against the groove wall of the engaging groove (612), and the engaging ball (622) is completely located in the engaging groove (612); when the cushion (61) moves to an extreme position relative to the sliding member (62) in a direction away from the intramedullary nail (1), the limiting portion (623) contacts and abuts against the groove wall of the limiting groove (613), and the engaging ball (622) is partially located outside the engaging groove (612).

10. A positioning frame for external drilling of humeral stem and implantation of screws according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cushion (61) has protrusions (616) on both sides of the contact surface (614) at both ends in the arc-shaped track direction.

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