Hot wall ignition fuel gas generator and implementation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a hot wall ignition fuel gas generator and an implementation method thereof. The hot wall ignition fuel gas generator comprises an electromagnetic valve, an injector, an ignition section and a hot wall section. The electromagnetic valve is installed on the upstream of the injector and used for controlling air and fuel oil to enter the injector. The injector comprises a fuel oil nozzle and an air swirler and is used for forming well-atomized fuel oil mist; the ignition section is provided with an igniter, and the igniter conducts ignition in the steady-state working period of the fuel gas generator. The hot wall section is located on the downstream of the ignition section, is in a contraction shape, is easily heated to keep high temperature, and conducts ignition through the heat effect of the hot wall section in the pulse working period of the fuel gas generator. According to the hot wall ignition fuel gas generator, a novel ignition mode combining igniter ignition and hot wall ignition is adopted, and compared with a conventional fuel gas generator only adopting an igniter for ignition, the ignition reliability can be remarkably improved, dependence on the igniter is reduced, meanwhile, the use loss of the igniter is reduced, and the service life of the igniter is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aero-engine combustion chamber design, and in particular to a hot wall ignition gas generator and an implementation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ignition by igniter is the most widely used ignition method in the current field of aviation engines. For example, an electric spark is emitted by the igniter nozzle to ignite the well-atomized air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber to achieve engine ignition and start. On the other hand, however, the igniter is a unit prone to failure. According to statistics, 2 / 3 of aviation engine ignition failures are caused by igniter failures. If the igniter fails, it must be disassembled and replaced, which affects the aircraft's flight mission, increases aircraft maintenance costs, and seriously restricts the development of the aviation industry. Therefore, the current background has put forward higher requirements for aviation engine ignition technology. How to improve the reliability of engine ignition, reduce the engine's dependence on the igniter, and extend the service life of the igniter has become an engineering and technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] Patent document CN115653786A (application number: 202211416571.4) discloses a gas-liquid nitrous oxide kerosene two-component low-thrust rocket engine, including an igniter, an injector and a combustion chamber. The igniter is an electric igniter, which is installed at the center of the injector. After installation, the ignition nozzle of the igniter extends 1.5mm-3mm out of the injector plane; the injector is installed at one end of the combustion chamber through a flange, and an injector baffle is installed in the injector. 12 groups of direct current hole coaxial shear gas-liquid nozzles are installed in the injector, and an adjustable position water cooling jacket assembly is provided on the outer shell of the combustion chamber. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a hot wall ignition gas generator and a method for implementing the same.

[0005] A hot wall ignition gas generator provided according to the present invention comprises: a solenoid valve 1, an injector 2, an ignition section 3 and a hot wall section 4;

[0006] The solenoid valve 1 is installed upstream of the injector 2 . The injector 2 is connected to the ignition section 3 . The ignition section 3 is connected to the hot wall section 4 .

[0007] Preferably, the solenoid valve 1 comprises an air solenoid valve 11 and a fuel solenoid valve 12, which are used to control air and fuel to enter the injector 2 respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the injector 2 comprises a fuel nozzle 21 and an air swirler 22; the fuel nozzle 21 is used for injecting and atomizing fuel; the air swirler 22 is used for injecting and swirling air.

[0009] Preferably, the ignition section 3 comprises an igniter 31 for igniting during a steady-state operation period of the gas generator.

[0010] Preferably, the hot wall section 4 is used to perform ignition by utilizing its own thermal effect during the pulse operation period of the gas generator.

[0011] Preferably, the hot wall section 4 is in a contracted shape, and the angle α between the wall surface of the hot wall section 4 and the central axis of the gas generator is 10-80°.

[0012] According to a method for implementing a hot wall ignition gas generator provided by the present invention, the following steps are implemented based on the hot wall ignition gas generator described above:

[0013] The ignition control sequence of the hot wall ignition gas generator is divided into a steady-state period 0 to T0 and a pulse period T0 to Ti+△Ti;

[0014] During the steady-state period, the solenoid valve 1 and the igniter 31 are both energized and turned on;

[0015] During the pulse period, the solenoid valve 1 is opened according to the pulse width time △Ti, and the igniter 31 is completely powered off and closed.

[0016] Preferably, during the steady-state period: air enters the injector 2 through the air solenoid valve 11, fuel enters the injector 2 through the fuel solenoid valve 12, the fuel is atomized and sprayed into the ignition section 31 through the fuel nozzle 21, and the air rotates through the air swirler 22 to flow into the ignition section 31, promoting the atomization of the fuel to form oil mist, and forming a recirculation zone in the combustion chamber, the igniter 31 emits an electric spark to ignite the oil mist, and the ignition area is located at the ignition end of the igniter 31; by the end of the steady-state period, the hot wall section 4 has been heated to a higher temperature.

[0017] Preferably, during the pulse period: the solenoid valve 1 is opened within the pulse width time △Ti, air enters the injector 2 through the air solenoid valve 11, fuel enters the injector 2 through the fuel solenoid valve 12, the fuel is atomized and sprayed into the combustion chamber through the fuel nozzle 21, and the air rotates through the air swirler 22 and flows into the combustion chamber, thereby promoting the atomization of the fuel to form oil mist, and forming a recirculation zone in the combustion chamber, the oil mist is sprayed onto the inner surface of the hot wall section 4, and the high temperature thermal effect of the hot wall section 4 is used to directly ignite the oil mist, and the ignition zone is located on the wall surface of the hot wall section 4; the solenoid valve 1 is closed within the pulse interval time (Ti-T0), no fuel and air enter the combustion chamber, and the gas generator does not work; the igniter 31 is completely closed.

[0018] Preferably, by adjusting the ignition control timing T0, Ti, ΔTi duration, the hot wall section (4) is kept in a high temperature state during the pulse period (T0-Ti+ΔTi), so that the gas generator can reliably ignite the hot wall under various pulse working modes without the need for the igniter (31) to be turned on for a long time throughout the entire process.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The hot wall ignition gas generator provided by the present invention adopts a new ignition method combining igniter ignition and hot wall ignition. Compared with the conventional gas generator which only adopts the igniter ignition method, it can improve the ignition reliability and reduce the dependence on the igniter;

[0021] 2. The present invention can reduce the use time of the gas generator on the igniter, reduce the wear of the igniter, and extend the life of the igniter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a hot wall ignition gas generator provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 The following is a schematic diagram of the ignition control timing of a hot wall ignition gas generator;

[0025] Among them, 1-solenoid valve, 2-injector, 3-ignition section, 4-hot wall section, 11-air solenoid valve, 12-fuel solenoid valve, 21-fuel nozzle, 22-air swirler, 31-igniter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Example

[0028] According to the present invention, a hot wall ignition gas generator is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a solenoid valve 1, an injector 2, an ignition section 3 and a hot wall section 4;

[0029] The solenoid valve 1 is installed upstream of the injector 2 to control the air and fuel to enter the injector 2;

[0030] The solenoid valve 1 comprises an air solenoid valve 11 and a fuel solenoid valve 12, which are used to control air and fuel to enter the injector 2 respectively.

[0031] The injector 2 includes a fuel nozzle 21 and an air swirler 22. The fuel nozzle 21 is used to inject and atomize the fuel, and the air swirler 22 is used to inject and swirl air to promote the atomization of the fuel to form oil mist and form a low-speed recirculation zone in the combustion chamber that is conducive to ignition.

[0032] The ignition section 3 is equipped with an igniter 31, which performs ignition during the steady-state operation period of the gas generator;

[0033] The hot wall section 4 is located downstream of the ignition section 3, and is easily heated to maintain a high temperature, and uses its own thermal effect to perform ignition during the pulse working period of the gas generator.

[0034] The hot wall section is in a contraction shape, and the angle between the wall surface and the central axis of the gas generator is α=10-80°.

[0035] According to a method for implementing a hot wall ignition gas generator provided by the present invention, the following steps are implemented based on the hot wall ignition gas generator:

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the ignition control timing is divided into a steady-state period (0-T0) and a pulse period (T0-Ti+△Ti); a high level represents that the solenoid valve is turned on and the igniter 31 is turned on; a low level represents that the solenoid valve is turned off and the igniter 31 is turned off; T0 is the end time of the steady-state operation; Ti is the start time of the i-th pulse operation (i=1,2,...); △Ti is the duration of the i-th pulse operation.

[0037] 1) In the steady-state period (0-T0), the solenoid valve 1 and the igniter 31 are both open, air enters the injector 2 through the air solenoid valve 11, fuel enters the injector 2 through the fuel solenoid valve 12, the fuel is atomized and sprayed into the ignition section 31 through the fuel nozzle 21, and the air rotates through the air swirler 22 to flow into the ignition section 31, which promotes the atomization of the fuel to form oil mist and forms a recirculation zone in the combustion chamber, which is conducive to stabilizing the flame; the igniter 31 emits an electric spark to ignite the oil mist, and the ignition area is located at the ignition end of the igniter 31; since the hot wall section 4 is in a contracted shape, the combustion chamber flame can easily heat the hot wall section 4, so that by the end of the steady-state period (0-T0), the hot wall section 4 has been heated to a relatively high temperature.

[0038] 2) During the pulse period: the solenoid valve is opened within the high-level pulse width time ΔTi, air enters the injector 2 through the air solenoid valve 11, fuel enters the injector through the fuel solenoid valve 12, the fuel is atomized and sprayed into the combustion chamber through the fuel nozzle 21, and the air rotates through the air swirler 22 and flows into the combustion chamber, promoting the atomization of the fuel to form oil mist, which is sprayed onto the inner surface of the hot wall section 4, and the high-temperature thermal effect of the hot wall section 4 is used to directly ignite the oil mist, and the ignition zone is located on the wall surface of the hot wall section 4; the solenoid valve is closed within the low-level pulse interval time (Ti-T0), no fuel and air enter the combustion chamber, and the gas generator does not work; the igniter 31 is completely closed.

[0039] 3) By reasonably adjusting the ignition control timing T0, Ti, and △Ti, the hot wall section 4 is kept in a high temperature state during the pulse period (T0~Ti+△Ti), so that the gas generator can reliably ignite the hot wall under various pulse working modes without the need for the igniter 31 to be turned on for a long time.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0041] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A hot wall ignition gas generator, characterized in that: include: Solenoid valve (1), injector (2), ignition section (3) and hot wall section (4); The solenoid valve (1) is installed upstream of the injector (2); the injector (2) is connected to the ignition section (3); and the ignition section (3) is connected to the hot wall section (4).

2. The hot wall ignition gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solenoid valve (1) comprises an air solenoid valve (11) and a fuel solenoid valve (12), which are respectively used to control air and fuel to enter the injector (2).

3. The hot wall ignition gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injector (2) comprises a fuel nozzle (21) and an air swirler (22); the fuel nozzle (21) is used for injecting and atomizing fuel; and the air swirler (22) is used for injecting and swirling air.

4. The hot wall ignition gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition section (3) comprises an igniter (31) for igniting during the steady-state operation period of the gas generator.

5. The hot wall ignition gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot wall section (4) is used to perform ignition by utilizing its own thermal effect during the pulse operation period of the gas generator.

6. The hot wall ignition gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot wall section (4) is in a contraction shape, and the angle α between the wall surface of the hot wall section (4) and the central axis of the gas generator is 10-80°.

7. A method for implementing a hot wall ignition gas generator, characterized in that: The hot wall ignition gas generator according to any one of claims 1 to 6 implements the following steps: The ignition control sequence of the hot wall ignition gas generator is divided into a steady-state period 0 to T0 and a pulse period T0 to Ti+△Ti; During the steady-state period, the solenoid valve (1) and the igniter (31) are both powered on and turned on; During the pulse period, the electromagnetic valve (1) is opened according to the pulse width time △Ti, and the igniter (31) is completely powered off and closed.

8. The method for implementing a hot wall ignition gas generator according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the steady-state period 0 to T0, air enters the injector (2) through the air solenoid valve (11), fuel enters the injector (2) through the fuel solenoid valve (12), the fuel is atomized and sprayed into the ignition section (31) through the fuel nozzle (21), the air rotates through the air swirler (22) and flows into the ignition section (31), promoting the atomization of the fuel to form oil mist and forming a recirculation zone in the combustion chamber, the igniter (31) is fully opened, and an electric spark is emitted to ignite the oil mist, and the ignition area is located at the ignition end of the igniter (31); at the end time T0 of the steady-state period, the hot wall section (4) has been heated to a relatively high temperature.

9. The method for implementing a hot wall ignition gas generator according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the pulse period T0~Ti+△Ti: the solenoid valve (1) is opened within the pulse width time △Ti, air enters the injector (2) through the air solenoid valve (11), fuel enters the injector (2) through the fuel solenoid valve (12), fuel is atomized and sprayed into the combustion chamber through the fuel nozzle (21), air rotates and flows into the combustion chamber through the air swirler (22), fuel atomization is promoted to form oil mist, and a recirculation zone is formed in the combustion chamber, the oil mist is sprayed onto the inner surface of the hot wall section (4), and the high temperature thermal effect of the hot wall section (4) is used to directly ignite the oil mist, and the ignition zone is located on the wall surface of the hot wall section (4); the solenoid valve (1) is closed within the pulse interval time (Ti-T0), no fuel and air enter the combustion chamber, and the gas generator does not work; the igniter (31) is completely closed.

10. The method for realizing a hot wall ignition gas generator according to claim 7, characterized in that: By adjusting the ignition control timing T0, Ti, and ΔTi duration, the hot wall section (4) is kept in a high temperature state during the pulse period (T0-Ti+ΔTi), so that the gas generator can reliably ignite the hot wall under various pulse working modes without the need for the ignition (31) to be turned on for a long time throughout the entire process.

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