Real-time positioning monitoring equipment and monitoring method for preventing and controlling water and soil loss

Abstract

The invention discloses real-time positioning monitoring equipment and a monitoring method for preventing and controlling water and soil loss, and relates to the technical field of water and soil loss. The device comprises a monitoring rod, a precipitation measuring instrument, a monitoring box, a data collector, a level bubble, a monitor, a movable block, a supporting rod, a telescopic supporting leg and a solar device. A slide way and a displacement sensor are arranged in the monitoring box, are connected with the T-shaped slide groove through a measuring slide block and are used for accurately measuring the water and soil loss amount. The precipitation measuring instrument adopts a tipping bucket structure and automatically records precipitation. The angle of the supporting rod can be adjusted, the length of the telescopic supporting leg can be adjusted, and the monitoring rod is vertically fixed. The monitoring method comprises the steps that the monitoring rod is inserted into soil, the supporting rod and the telescopic supporting legs are adjusted to enable the monitoring rod to be perpendicular, soil height and orientation changes are monitored in real time through the displacement sensor and the positioning mechanism, and data are automatically transmitted to the data collector. The solar equipment supplies power to the system. The system has the characteristics of intelligence, simplicity and convenience in operation, high practicability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil and water loss monitoring, and in particular to a real-time positioning monitoring device for preventing and controlling soil and water loss. The present invention also relates to a method for using the real-time positioning monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] Soil erosion refers to the destruction and loss of soil and water resources and land productivity caused by water, wind, gravity and other forces under natural conditions and human activities. The current situation of soil erosion is characterized by three characteristics: large area and wide range; high intensity and severe erosion; complex causes and obvious regional differences. Soil erosion is not only the main form of land degradation and ecological deterioration, but also a concentrated reflection of the degree of land degradation and ecological deterioration. Its impact on economic and social development is multifaceted, global and far-reaching, and even irreversible. Soil erosion is directly related to ecological security, flood control safety, food security and drinking water safety. Therefore, by monitoring soil erosion, finding out the types, degree of erosion, distribution status, development laws and dynamic change trends of soil erosion, it has important guiding significance for the comprehensive management of soil and water conservation and ecological environment construction, as well as the systematic and scientific arrangement of corresponding soil erosion control measures.

[0003] Chinese patent CN115962723A discloses a soil loss thickness measuring instrument and a measuring method. The hollow probe of the device descends with the soil layer, and drives the measuring slider to slide down in the slideway. The amount of soil loss is calculated by measuring the displacement of the slider. However, the fixing method of the buried needle in the patent is insufficient and easily affected by external forces.

[0004] Chinese patent CN115508544A discloses an intelligent measuring rod for soil erosion, which is inserted into the soil and fixed by a barb device, and the measuring rod has a sensor to monitor the soil loss level. However, with soil erosion, the soil may loosen, causing the entire device to loosen and tilt, affecting the monitoring data.

[0005] Chinese patent CN218724088U discloses a real-time monitoring device for soil erosion, which collects rainwater through a top rainwater collection block and monitors the height of a movable block through a first sensor, thereby achieving the purpose of monitoring precipitation and soil erosion. However, the rainwater collection block provided in the device only reflects the precipitation by collecting water through a top transparent plastic container, which requires manual repeated data collection, and has the problems of insufficient data accuracy and inconvenience and insensitivity.

[0006] Chinese patent CN216309990U discloses a soil erosion positioning monitoring device, which uses a probe to cooperate with a monitoring instrument body to monitor, thereby performing diversified monitoring of different locations. However, the single fixing method of the device base is easily affected by crosswinds, and the soil erosion situation obtained by reading the scale on the outer surface of the probe lacks accuracy and convenience.

[0007] The existing soil erosion monitoring equipment has the following main problems: (1) The equipment has a relatively single function during use and cannot conduct diversified monitoring of the soil erosion environment on site. It also lacks multi-point monitoring for various actual situations, which makes it inconvenient to use. (2) In addition, the existing soil erosion monitoring equipment only uses monitoring rods inserted into the soil layer or fixed with single or double support legs. This force-bearing method is single and not strong enough to cope with the situation where the equipment is tilted due to strong wind or large water flow, resulting in low monitoring efficiency and inaccurate monitoring data. (3) In the process of soil erosion monitoring, rainfall is also a monitoring indicator that needs to be paid attention to. Compared with the equipment in other patents, the equipment lacks this configuration or the equipment is not accurate and convenient enough, and cannot monitor precipitation, thus lacking the reflection of the precipitation indicator of the local environment.

[0008] Therefore, a real-time positioning monitoring device for preventing and controlling soil erosion is proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a real-time positioning monitoring device and a monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion, comprising a monitoring box and a solar device, wherein the monitoring box housing surface is designed with an installation port, a slideway is fixed inside the installation port, one side outer wall of the slideway is designed as a T-shaped slideway, and there is a measuring slider inside the T-shaped slideway, and the two contact each other in the form of sliding connection. A fixed ring is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the monitoring rod, the back side of the fixed ring is fixedly connected to the measuring slider, and the front side is fixedly connected to the measuring component, wherein the measuring component includes a displacement sensor and a positioning mechanism. A vertical sliding gap is provided on the front outer wall of the monitoring box housing, and a pointer is fixed at one end of the measuring component, which is located in the sliding gap, the solar device is arranged on one side of the monitoring box housing, and a data collector is fixed on the outer wall of one side of the monitoring box housing. Therefore, the fixed ring fixes the measuring slider and the measuring component to the monitoring rod in a fixed connection, and the whole slides up and down on the slideway of the inner wall of the monitoring box.

[0012] Through the above scheme, the support rod and the telescopic legs are adjusted until the bubble of the level bubble is centered, ensuring that the monitoring rod is vertically and stably inserted into the ground soil. After the overall fixation, when the soil layer drops, the monitoring rod will drop with the drop of the soil layer under the action of gravity, thereby driving the measuring slider to drop in the T-shaped slide and the measuring component to drop. The height of soil erosion is measured by the displacement of the displacement sensor of the measuring component, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the data collector in real time. The solar energy equipment can make full use of the light energy to convert into electrical energy for the use and operation of the entire monitoring instrument.

[0013] In order to solve the problem of support stability, the present invention adopts the form of three support rods to fix the monitoring rod. The movable block includes an annular ring and a ball. The ball is embedded in the annular ring. The annular ring and the monitoring rod are in contact with each other through the ball so that the monitoring rod can only move up and down, wherein a total of eight balls are evenly distributed in the annular ring. The outer wall of the movable block is evenly fixedly connected to three hinged plates, the support rod and the movable block are connected through the hinged plate, and the lower part of the support rod is adjusted and fixed with a telescopic knob to adjust the telescopic legs. The monitoring rod is fixedly inserted vertically into the soil in the form of three legs, which can greatly reduce the influence of wind and water flow on the monitoring rod and improve the monitoring accuracy of soil erosion. Both ends of the support rod are hingedly connected, and the leg angles can be rotated to adjust to adapt to ground monitoring tasks of various slopes.

[0014] In order to solve the problem of missing precipitation monitoring indicators, the present invention uses a precipitation meter to measure precipitation. One side of the tipping bucket in the precipitation meter is fixed on the column, and the other side is connected to the jumper, presenting a suspended posture of tilting forward and backward. In rainless weather, the center of gravity of the tipping bucket is located at the front groove and placed on the horizontal board, and the rear groove is tilted. When it rains, the rear groove is full of rainwater. Under the action of gravity, the rear groove is pressed down to drive the jumper on one side to be pressed downward. At this time, the electronic recorder records the jumper pressing data once, the rear groove is pressed down, and the rainwater in the groove is emptied accordingly, and the tipping bucket returns to the static state of "low in front and high in the back", and repeats itself. One jumper pressing represents the collection of a rated amount of rainwater (such as 0.5mm). The electronic recorder calculates the local precipitation by recording the number of jumper pressing times in unit time, and the statistical data is transmitted to the data collector through the data transmission line. Splash guards are installed in front and behind the bucket to effectively reduce the rainwater collection error caused by rainwater splashing around the bucket and falling into the bucket trough. The pressure switch controls the triggering of the jumper to avoid the influence of the triggering of the jumper on the data during non-recording time.

[0015] The measuring assembly includes a displacement sensor and a positioning mechanism. The displacement sensor reflects the height change of the monitoring pole in real time and reflects the soil and water loss situation; the positioning mechanism determines the orientation of the monitoring instrument. If soil and water loss occurs, the accurate orientation of the occurrence point can be reflected.

[0016] The fixing ring forms an integral sliding fit between the monitoring rod, the measuring assembly and the measuring slide block, thereby improving the sliding stability.

[0017] The signal ends of the displacement sensor and the positioning mechanism are connected to a microprocessor via a signal line, thereby meeting monitoring requirements and improving the degree of intelligence.

[0018] The solar energy device is connected with an inverter, a battery and a controller, and can effectively convert light energy into electrical energy, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0019] A level bubble is provided on the monitoring rod. During the adjustment process, whether the monitoring rod is vertical is checked by observing whether the level bubble is centered.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the real-time monitoring and positioning device for preventing and controlling soil erosion and the use method thereof using the above technical solution have the following advantages:

[0021] The top of the monitoring pole is fixed to the precipitation meter through an internal thread, which is convenient for installation and disassembly. The precipitation meter triggers the jump rod once by setting the rated rainfall amount, and calculates the precipitation by the number of times the jump rod is triggered. The data is transmitted to the electronic recorder in real time, which solves the errors existing in manual readings in traditional rainwater collectors and the difficulties in manual data collection, greatly saves manpower and improves the accuracy and convenience of data collection.

[0022] This real-time positioning monitoring device, when the soil layer drops due to soil erosion, the monitoring rod will drive the measuring slider and the measuring component to slide downward, and the displacement change of the displacement sensor will reflect the thickness of the soil erosion; and the positioning mechanism in the measuring component will give the precise location of the monitoring point where the soil erosion occurs, so as to facilitate timely adoption of corresponding soil and water conservation measures. The data is transmitted to the data collector at the outer shell of the monitoring box in real time, thereby improving the intelligence and precision of the entire equipment.

[0023] The real-time positioning monitoring equipment is equipped with solar energy equipment, which can convert light energy into electrical energy for use by the entire monitoring equipment, achieving the effect of automatic adjustment and reducing power consumption.

[0024] The real-time positioning monitoring equipment has three support rods designed to fix the monitoring rod to prevent it from tilting due to external forces and causing excessive errors in monitoring data. The adjustability of the hinged plates at both ends of the three support rods improves the flexibility of installation and can adapt to most monitoring ground environments. In addition, with the level bubble, the verticality of the monitoring rod can be ensured when the monitoring rod is installed and inserted into the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a front vertical section of the monitoring box of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a side vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of the monitoring box of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a rainfall measuring instrument;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a rainfall meter from top view;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the activity block and the surrounding local structure;

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals: monitoring pole 1, precipitation measuring instrument 2, monitoring box 3, monitoring box housing 4, solar energy equipment 5, movable block 6, slide 7, T-shaped slide 8, measuring slide block 9, fixing ring 10, measuring assembly 11, displacement sensor 12, positioning mechanism 13, sliding gap 14, data collector 15, level bubble 16, monitoring instrument 17, hinged plate 18, support rod 19, telescopic knob 20, telescopic leg 21, pointer 22, annular collar 23, ball 24, tipping bucket 201, splash guard 202, pressure switch 203, electronic recorder 204, jumping rod 205, data transmission line 206, cross plate 207. Specific implementation methods

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion, the top of the monitoring rod 1 adopts an internal thread structure design, the internal thread structure at the bottom end of the precipitation measuring instrument 2 can be connected and removed with the monitoring rod 1 through threads; the upper and lower parts of the monitoring box shell 4 are respectively dug with holes for the monitoring rod 1 to pass through without contact, and the back of the monitoring box shell 4 is designed with a mounting port, a slideway 7 is fixed inside the mounting port, the outer wall of one side of the slideway 7 is designed as a T-shaped slide groove 8, and a measuring slider 9 is slidably moved up and down in the T-shaped slide groove 8, and one end of the measuring slider 9 is fixedly connected to one end of a fixing ring 10, a measuring component 11 is fixedly connected to the other end of the fixing ring 10, and the fixing ring 10 is fixedly connected to the monitoring rod 1, so the fixing ring 10 fixes the measuring slider 9 and the measuring component 11 at both ends of the monitoring rod 1, and three The two form a whole and slide up and down together; a sliding gap 14 is opened on the front outer wall of the monitoring box housing 4, the pointer 22 is fixedly connected to the measuring component 11, and the pointer 22 moves up and down in the sliding gap 14; the solar energy equipment 5 is arranged on one side of the monitoring box housing 4, and a data collector 15 is fixed on the outer wall of one side of the monitoring box housing 4; the level bubble 16 and the monitor 17 are separately fixed on the monitoring rod 1; the movable block 6 is composed of an annular ring 23 and a ball 24, the ball 24 is embedded in the annular ring 23, and is in rolling contact with the monitoring rod 1; the support rod 19 is hinged to the movable block 6 through the hinge plate 18; the hinge plate 18, the support rod 19 and the telescopic leg 21 form a leg as a whole, and the equipment has a total of three legs equidistantly distributed to bear the task of supporting and fixing the monitoring rod 1.

[0035] Working principle:

[0036] When in use, the support rod 19 and the telescopic legs 21 are rotated and telescopically adjusted so that the three legs are in stable contact with the ground, and then the angles and positions of the three legs are adjusted in sequence to observe whether the level bubble 16 is centered, ensuring that the monitoring rod 1 is adjusted to a vertically inserted into the soil and stable state. The precipitation meter 2 is installed on the top of the monitoring rod 1 through a threaded connection, and the equipment in the monitoring box 3 is connected to the solar device 5, which is equipped with an inverter, a battery and a controller to provide power for the monitoring equipment. After the overall installation of the equipment is completed, as the soil layer drops due to soil erosion, the monitoring rod 1 also drops with the soil layer under the action of gravity. Since the monitoring rod 1 is fixed as a whole with the measuring slider 9 and the measuring assembly 11 through the fixing ring 10, the descent of the monitoring rod 1 drives the measuring slider 9 and the measuring assembly 11 to move downward together. At this time, the displacement sensor 12 in the measuring assembly records the vertical displacement change data and the positioning mechanism 13 records the accurate position of the soil erosion. The signal end of the measuring assembly 11 is connected to the microprocessor of the data collector 15, and the data is transmitted to the data collector 15 on the outer wall of the monitoring box in real time, realizing real-time transmission and storage of data. The precipitation meter 2 accumulates the rated rainfall in the rear groove of the tipping bucket 201 and then tilts and overturns. During the overturning process, the jumping rod 205 is driven to trigger. The triggering times are sorted into data and stored in the electronic recorder 204. The electronic recorder calculates the local real-time precipitation through the triggering data. The data can be transmitted to the data collector 15 through the data transmission line 206 to count the precipitation in the local area, providing additional monitoring indicators for the real-time monitoring and positioning equipment.

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion, characterized in that: The top of the monitoring rod (1) is provided with an internal thread, and the bottom of the precipitation measuring instrument (2) is also provided with an internal thread, which is fixed to the monitoring rod (1) in a threaded connection form; the monitoring box (3) comprises a monitoring box shell (4) and internal components, the back surface of the monitoring box shell (4) is provided with a mounting hole, a slideway (7) is provided inside the mounting hole, one side outer wall of the slideway (7) is provided with a T-shaped slideway (8), the inside of the T-shaped slideway (8) is slidably connected to a measuring slider (9), and a measuring component (11) is fixed to one side of the measuring slider (9); a sliding gap (14) is provided on one side of the front outer wall of the monitoring box shell (4), and one end of the measuring component (11) is located in the sliding gap. The invention relates to a monitoring box having a plurality of movable members (14) and a plurality of movable members (15) arranged in a gap (14); the solar energy device (5) is arranged on one side of the monitoring box housing (4), and a data collector (15) is fixed on the outside of the housing; a level bubble (16) is fixedly connected to the monitoring rod (1); a monitoring instrument (17) is fixedly connected to the monitoring rod (1); a movable block (6) is sleeved on the outside of the monitoring rod (1); a hinge plate (18) is hingedly connected to the movable block (6); a support rod (19) is fixedly connected to the hinge plate (18); a telescopic knob (20) is arranged on the support rod (19); and the telescopic length of the telescopic legs (21) and the support rod (19) is adjusted by the telescopic knob (20).

2. The real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tipping bucket (201) inside the precipitation measuring instrument (2) is fixed on the device in an inclined state. When it is in a static state without collecting rainwater, the bottom of its front groove rests on the horizontal plate (207). The front and rear grooves of the tipping bucket (201) are both provided with the splash shield (202). One side of the tipping bucket (201) is connected to a jumping rod (205), and the jumping rod (205) is connected to the electronic recorder (204). One side of the electronic recorder (204) is provided with the pressure switch (203). The data transmission line (206) extends from the lower part of the electronic recorder (204) and is connected to the data collector (15).

3. The real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing ring (10) is fixed on the outside of the monitoring rod (1), the measuring slider (9) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing ring (10), and the measuring component (11) is fixedly connected to the other side of the fixing ring (10).

4. The real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring component (11) comprises a displacement sensor (12) and a positioning mechanism (13).

5. The real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pointer (22) is fixedly connected to one side outside the measuring component (11), and the pointer (22) forms a sliding fit with the inside of the sliding gap (14).

6. The real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal end of the measuring component (11) is connected to a microprocessor via a signal line, and the data is transmitted to the data collector (15) via the microprocessor.

7. The real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable block (6) is composed of an annular collar (23), a ball (24) and a movable groove. The ball (24) is embedded in the annular collar (23) and is in rolling contact with the monitoring rod (1).

8. The real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balls (24) are distributed in an annular shape at equal intervals in the annular collar (23). There are eight balls (24) in total, which roll in a movable groove; the movable groove is arranged inside the annular collar (23).

9. The real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod (19) is movably connected to the annular collar (23) via the hinge plate (18); the telescopic length of the telescopic leg (21) is adjusted via the telescopic knob (20).

10. The real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar energy device (5) is connected with an inverter, a battery and a controller.

11. The real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring box housing (4) is provided with scale lines on the outer surface of the sliding gap (14) for calibrating the depth of the monitoring rod (1) sunk into the ground.

12. A real-time positioning monitoring device and monitoring method for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Adjust the shape of the support rod (19) and the telescopic legs (21), observe whether the level bubble (16) is centered, and ensure that the monitoring rod (1) is vertically and stably inserted into the bottom soil; S2, installing the precipitation measuring instrument (2) on the top of the monitoring pole (1), turning on the pressure switch (203), and connecting the data transmission line (206) to the data collector (15) below, so that the electronic recorder (204) transmits the precipitation data to the data collector (15) in real time; S3, the data collector (15) is connected to the solar device (5), the data collector (15) is turned on, and the initial elevation and orientation of the measuring component (11) in the monitoring box (3) are recorded; S4, when the soil erosion process begins, the monitoring rod (1) drives the measuring assembly (11) to fall together under the action of gravity, and the displacement sensor (12) in the measuring assembly (11) transmits the displacement data to the data collector (15) in real time; S5. The soil erosion thickness and real-time precipitation are measured by using instruments such as a precipitation measuring instrument (2), a monitoring box (3) and a data collector (15).

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