Battery health state determination method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for determining the health state of a battery, which can be used in the field of electrochemical energy storage. Receiving a state determination instruction for the target battery; in response to the state determination instruction, determining a target sound wave characteristic value according to multiple groups of target receiving signals carried in the state determination instruction and a signal characteristic value corresponding to each target receiving signal; determining a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to a target characterization value mapping rule and the target sound wave characteristic value; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by performing fitting processing on parameters in a relational expression of sound wave characteristic values and state characterization values according to the state characterization values, corresponding to each health state, of the tested battery and the sound wave characteristic values; and determining a battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value. Based on the method, the battery health state value can be determined more efficiently and quickly according to the target representation value mapping rule.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification belongs to the field of electrochemical energy storage, and in particular, relates to a method and device for determining the health status of a battery. Background Art

[0002] In the field of electrochemical energy storage, batteries are highly praised for their high energy density, long cycle life, and no memory effect. They have been widely used in power grid energy storage, new energy vehicles, electronic equipment, and other fields. However, due to factors such as battery inconsistency and environmental abuse, batteries will inevitably experience aging and decay during operation. If not discovered and handled in time, safety accidents may occur. At present, there are still problems with determining the health status of batteries, such as poor real-time performance, low efficiency, and low accuracy.

[0003] To address the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the invention

[0004] This specification provides a method and device for determining the health status of a battery, which solves the problems of long time consumption and poor real-time performance in existing methods for determining the health status of a battery, and provides a lossless, efficient, and low-cost method and device for determining the health status of a battery to quickly and accurately determine the health status of a battery.

[0005] This specification provides a method for determining a battery health status, including:

[0006] receiving a state determination instruction for a target battery;

[0007] In response to the state determination instruction, acquiring multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determining a target sound wave characteristic value according to a signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals;

[0008] According to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the state characterization value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values ​​of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery;

[0009] A battery health state value of the target battery is determined according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value.

[0010] In one embodiment, before determining the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the method includes:

[0011] Acquire the first battery health state value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the multiple groups of received signals;

[0012] Determining the acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to each health state of the test battery according to the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state;

[0013] Determine the state characterization value of the test battery corresponding to each health state according to the first battery health state value of the test battery and the initial state characterization value of the test battery;

[0014] According to the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the preset parameters in the target characterization value mapping rule are fitted to obtain the target characterization value mapping rule.

[0015] In one embodiment, the signal characteristic value includes waveform intensity, flight time, impact factor and skewness factor, and the target sound wave characteristic value is the difference between the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0016] In one embodiment, determining the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value includes:

[0017] According to the following formula, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined:

[0018]

[0019] in, is the target state representation value, , , , is the preset parameter, is the difference between the waveform strengths of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the flight times of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the impact factors of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the skewness factors of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0020] In one embodiment, determining the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value includes:

[0021] The battery health status value of the target battery is determined according to the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] in, is the battery health status value of the target battery, is the target state representation value, is the first initial state characterization value.

[0024] In one embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0025] The impact factor is determined according to the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] The skewness factor is determined according to the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] in, is the signal value of the i-th point on the target received signal, n is the number of signal points in the target received signal, is the average value of the signal values ​​of n signal points of the target received signal.

[0030] In one embodiment, the multiple groups of received signals are obtained by collecting ultrasonic signals emitted by ultrasonic transmitting sensors from multiple ultrasonic receiving sensors that are pre-arranged on the test battery according to preset arrangement rules; wherein the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensors are arranged on the working surface of the test battery based on preset arrangement rules, and the distance between each of the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensors is the same.

[0031] This specification provides a battery health status determination device, including:

[0032] An instruction receiving module, used for receiving an instruction for determining the state of a target battery;

[0033] An instruction response module, configured to respond to the state determination instruction, obtain multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determine a target sound wave characteristic value according to a signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals;

[0034] A characterization value determination module, used to determine a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the state characterization value is determined according to a first battery health state value and an initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values ​​of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery;

[0035] The health state determination module is used to determine the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value.

[0036] This specification also provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor implements a battery health status determination method when executing the instructions.

[0037] This specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, which implement a method for determining a battery health state when the instructions are executed.

[0038] A battery health status determination method provided in this specification receives a status determination instruction for a target battery; in response to the status determination instruction, obtains multiple groups of target received signals carried in the status determination instruction, and determines a target acoustic wave characteristic value based on a signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals; determines a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery based on a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting a state characterization value and an acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to a test battery and each health status, the state characterization value is determined based on a first battery health status value and an initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined based on the signal characteristic values ​​of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to the test battery and each health status; determines a battery health status value of the target battery based on the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value. In this way, on the one hand, the target acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to the target received signal, and the health status value of the target battery is determined through the target acoustic wave characteristic value of the target battery, which can avoid the problem of battery damage caused by structural modification or built-in sensors, and reduce the cost of battery testing while ensuring the accuracy of battery health status determination. On the other hand, according to the target characterization value mapping rule obtained by fitting the test data of the test battery (i.e., the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value), the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery can be quickly and accurately determined, thereby improving the determination efficiency and accuracy of the battery health status value of the target battery. Compared with the existing capacity-based health status estimation method, it has the advantage of strong real-time performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining a battery health status provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of ultrasonic sensors arranged in a preset arrangement rule provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0043] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a battery health status determination device provided by an embodiment of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0045] The state of health (SOH) of a battery can be used to evaluate the degree of battery aging. For example, the ratio of the current maximum available capacity of the battery to the maximum available capacity when the battery is fully healthy can be used to determine the SOH, where the current maximum available capacity of the battery can be obtained by charging the battery to a full charge state at a constant temperature using a constant current and constant voltage, then discharging the battery to a cut-off voltage using a constant current, and recording the total ampere-hours during the discharge process, and then performing at least three charge and discharge cycles. Finally, the average value of the total ampere-hours during the charge and discharge cycle can be determined as the current maximum available capacity of the battery. However, in the above test process, if the current capacity of the battery is to be accurately measured, special test equipment and strict test conditions are required, such as a constant temperature environment, standardized charge and discharge procedures, etc. In addition, since the battery usually operates in a dynamic charge and discharge or shallow charge and discharge state, the above method is often not applicable in actual battery service scenarios.

[0046] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient and non-destructive battery status monitoring method to improve the efficiency of battery health status monitoring. This method should be able to monitor in actual usage scenarios without the need for special test equipment and strict test conditions, and at the same time be able to accurately and real-time evaluate the battery health status. Potential safety issues can then be discovered in a timely manner, and corresponding measures can be taken to ensure the safety and reliability of battery service.

[0047] See also Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of this specification provides a method for determining the health status of a battery, wherein the method is specifically applied to a server side. When implemented specifically, the method may include the following contents:

[0048] S101: receiving a state determination instruction for a target battery;

[0049] S102: In response to the state determination instruction, acquiring multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determining a target sound wave characteristic value according to a signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals;

[0050] S103: Determine a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the state characterization value is determined according to a first battery health state value and an initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to signal characteristic values ​​of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery;

[0051] S104: Determine a battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value.

[0052] The target battery may be any battery that needs to be monitored for health status. For example, the target battery may be a lithium-ion battery, such as a square lithium-ion battery or a soft-pack lithium-ion battery.

[0053] The above-mentioned multiple groups of target receiving signals may be obtained by collecting ultrasonic signals emitted by ultrasonic transmitting sensors from multiple ultrasonic receiving sensors pre-arranged according to a preset arrangement rule on the working surface of the target battery.

[0054] Specifically, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor on the target battery can transmit ultrasonic signals at a specific frequency and waveform, and multiple ultrasonic receiving sensors on the target battery will synchronously collect the target receiving signals. The target receiving signals can be used to analyze the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves inside the target battery, thereby realizing the monitoring and evaluation of key parameters such as the internal structural state and defect location of the battery.

[0055] The first initial state characterization value may be a reference value for evaluating the performance and state of the target battery in the initial state, and the battery state of health (SOH) value may be used to evaluate the aging degree of the target battery.

[0056] In some implementations, the receiving of the state determination instruction for the target battery may include:

[0057] A monitoring period of the target battery is determined according to the battery type of the target battery, and a state determination instruction for the target battery is triggered according to the monitoring period of the target battery.

[0058] For example, the server can obtain the monitoring period corresponding to the battery type of the target battery according to the preset correspondence between the battery type and the monitoring period, wherein the preset correspondence between the battery type and the monitoring period can be determined according to the historical aging data of different types of batteries. In this way, the state determination instruction for the target battery can be triggered in a targeted manner according to the battery type of the target battery, thus saving monitoring resources and improving monitoring efficiency.

[0059] In some implementations, determining the target sound wave characteristic value according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals may include:

[0060] The target sound wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals by using a preset characteristic value extraction model.

[0061] Among them, the preset feature value extraction model can be a model constructed according to a preset machine learning algorithm. For example, the preset feature value extraction model can be a model constructed according to a machine learning algorithm such as a neural network algorithm, a Transformer algorithm, etc.

[0062] In addition, before determining the target sound wave characteristic value according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals, the specific implementation may further include:

[0063] S1: performing feature enhancement processing on the target received signal, and performing noise removal processing on the enhanced target received signal to obtain a denoised target received signal;

[0064] S2: Perform signal feature extraction processing on the denoised target received signal to obtain a signal feature value corresponding to the target received signal.

[0065] For example, the target received signal may be subjected to multi-scale feature enhancement processing, and the enhanced target received signal may be subjected to denoising processing by using a denoising algorithm such as wavelet transform.

[0066] Specifically, the server can determine the resampling algorithm (such as uniform resampling, random resampling, and sliding window resampling, etc.) used for feature enhancement processing based on the signal frequency and signal-to-noise ratio of the target received signal, and process the target received signal through the determined resampling algorithm to obtain the enhanced target received information, wherein the server can perform feature enhancement and reconstruction processing in the process of resampling the target received signal.

[0067] Then, the server may use a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) algorithm to perform multi-scale decomposition and denoising on the target received signal after feature enhancement.

[0068] In some implementations, after determining the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state representation value of the target battery and the target state representation value, in specific implementation, the method may further include:

[0069] When the battery health state value of the target battery is less than a preset health state threshold, a protection strategy for the target battery is determined, and execution of the protection strategy is triggered.

[0070] Among them, the above protection strategies may include limiting the maximum charging current and discharge rate, reducing thermal load (such as lowering the upper limit of operating temperature), strengthening abnormality detection (such as monitoring of internal resistance mutation or thermal runaway signal), limiting voltage, restricting use, and one or more strategies.

[0071] For example, when the SOH of the target battery is lower than 70%, a voltage limiting strategy can be executed, such as limiting the charging voltage of the target battery to 90% of the rated value and enabling high-frequency temperature monitoring. If the SOH of the target battery is lower than 50%, a usage restriction strategy can be executed, which can trigger the restricted usage mode of the target battery and only allow low power output.

[0072] In addition, when the battery health status value of the target battery is less than the preset health status threshold, an alarm message can be output to the user to prompt the user to replace the target battery or perform maintenance on the target battery, and monitoring data can be provided to the user to support subsequent diagnosis and analysis. Based on the above approach, safety risks can be effectively reduced to prevent malfunctions or accidents caused by excessive use of aging batteries.

[0073] Based on the above embodiments, on the one hand, according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to the target received signal, the target acoustic wave characteristic value is determined, and the health status value of the target battery is determined through the target acoustic wave characteristic value of the target battery, which can avoid the problem of battery damage caused by structural modification or built-in sensors, and reduce the cost of battery testing while ensuring the accuracy of determining the battery health status. On the other hand, according to the target characterization value mapping rule obtained by fitting the test data (i.e., the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value) of the test battery, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery can be quickly and accurately determined, thereby improving the determination efficiency and accuracy of the battery health status value of the target battery, and compared with the existing capacity-based health status estimation method, it has the advantage of strong real-time performance.

[0074] In some embodiments, before determining the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the method may further include the following contents when implemented:

[0075] S1: Obtain the first battery health state value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the multiple groups of received signals;

[0076] S2: determining the acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to each health state of the test battery according to the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state;

[0077] S3: determining the state characterization value of the test battery corresponding to each health state according to the first battery health state value of the test battery and the initial state characterization value of the test battery;

[0078] S4: According to the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the preset parameters in the target characterization value mapping rule are fitted to obtain the target characterization value mapping rule.

[0079] Based on the above embodiments, by utilizing the intrinsic correlation between the battery health status and the acoustic wave characteristics, the preset parameters in the target characterization value mapping rule are fitted according to the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value of the test battery in different health states, and a target characterization value mapping rule that is closer to reality can be constructed, which can effectively improve the accuracy and applicability of the target characterization value mapping rule. Therefore, through the target characterization value mapping rule, accurate evaluation and real-time monitoring of the battery health status can be achieved, measurement errors can be reduced, and the reliability and efficiency of health status evaluation can be improved, providing a scientific basis for battery management and maintenance.

[0080] In some embodiments, the signal characteristic values ​​include waveform intensity, flight time, impact factor, and skewness factor, and the target sound wave characteristic value is the difference between the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0081] Among them, the above-mentioned waveform intensity can refer to the energy or amplitude of the sound wave signal at the receiving sensor, which can be used to reflect the degree of attenuation of the sound wave during the propagation process; the above-mentioned flight time can refer to the propagation time of the sound wave from the ultrasonic transmitting sensor to the ultrasonic receiving sensor; the above-mentioned impact factor can be used to measure the characteristic value of the sudden peak in the signal waveform, such as the ratio of the peak value to the average amplitude of the signal can be used to represent the impact factor; the above-mentioned skewness factor can be used to describe the statistical characteristic value of the symmetry of the signal waveform shape, which can reflect the degree of skewness of the signal amplitude distribution relative to the mean.

[0082] Specifically, the above signal characteristic values ​​can be used to characterize the propagation characteristics of the acoustic wave signal in the test battery, and the signal characteristic values ​​can be used to provide multi-dimensional information for analyzing the internal state of the test battery. For example, the waveform intensity and flight time can be used to evaluate the material uniformity and integrity of the test battery, the impact factor can be used to evaluate the local defects or damage of the test battery, and the skewness factor can be used to reflect the change in waveform symmetry and the dynamic evolution of the internal microstructure of the test battery.

[0083] In some embodiments, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value. When the method is specifically implemented, the method may further include the following contents:

[0084] According to the following formula, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined:

[0085]

[0086] in, is the target state representation value, , , , is the preset parameter, is the difference between the waveform strengths of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the flight times of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the impact factors of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the skewness factors of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0087] In some embodiments, the method of determining the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value may further include the following when the method is specifically implemented:

[0088] The battery health status value of the target battery is determined according to the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] in, is the battery health status value of the target battery, is the target state representation value, is the first initial state characterization value.

[0091] In some embodiments, the method may further include the following when implemented:

[0092] The impact factor is determined according to the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] The skewness factor is determined according to the following formula:

[0095]

[0096] in, is the signal value of the i-th point on the target received signal, n is the number of signal points in the target received signal, is the average value of the signal values ​​of n signal points of the target received signal.

[0097] In some embodiments, the multiple groups of received signals can be obtained by collecting ultrasonic signals emitted by ultrasonic transmitting sensors from multiple ultrasonic receiving sensors that are pre-arranged on the test battery according to preset arrangement rules; wherein the ultrasonic receiving sensors and ultrasonic transmitting sensors can be arranged on the working surface of the test battery based on preset arrangement rules, and the distance between each of the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensors is the same.

[0098] Specifically, for example, Figure 2 As shown, the distance d1 between the ultrasonic receiving sensor 1 and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor is equal to the distance d2 between the ultrasonic receiving sensor 2 and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor.

[0099] Among them, the working surfaces of different types of test batteries may be different. For example, for a square hard-shell battery, the working surface may be the top of the battery cover or the side with the largest area. For a soft-pack lithium-ion battery, the working surface may be the surface with the largest area of ​​the battery.

[0100] The ultrasonic transmitting sensor material may be a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the ultrasonic receiving sensor may be at least one of an electret, a piezoelectric ceramic, and a Microelectro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) sensor.

[0101] The center frequency of the ultrasonic transmitting sensor may be 50 KHz-5 MHz.

[0102] Among them, the above-mentioned preset arrangement rule can be an equidistant linear arrangement rule, a matrix arrangement rule or a ring arrangement rule, etc., so that the distance between each ultrasonic receiving sensor and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor remains the same through the preset arrangement rule. This arrangement can effectively reduce the measurement error caused by uneven distribution of sensors and optimize signal transmission and reception efficiency.

[0103] For example, in the central area of ​​the working surface of the test battery, an ultrasonic transmitter and multiple ultrasonic signal receivers can be arranged according to a "cross" symmetrical arrangement rule, or, according to a matrix arrangement rule, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor can be placed in the center of the array, and multiple receiving sensors can be evenly distributed around the ultrasonic transmitter at a fixed grid spacing. Alternatively, according to a circular arrangement rule, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor can be arranged at the center of the circle, and multiple ultrasonic receiving sensors can be evenly distributed along the circumference to form multi-path coverage.

[0104] Furthermore, the specific preset arrangement rules can also be adjusted according to the size, shape and signal requirements of the test battery. For example, for larger square batteries, the ultrasonic transmitter and multiple ultrasonic signal receivers can be arranged using a matrix arrangement rule to ensure that the ultrasonic signal can cover the working surface of the test battery, and also improve the resolution and uniformity of the signal through multi-point acquisition. For cylindrical or special-shaped batteries, annular or arc-shaped arrangement rules can be adopted, such as equidistantly distributing ultrasonic transmitters and multiple ultrasonic signal receivers along the surface of the test battery to ensure the symmetry of the sound wave propagation path and the stability of the measurement. In addition, in order to adapt to complex working scenarios, dynamically adjusted intelligent arrangement rules can also be introduced to further improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring by re-optimizing the sensor distribution according to real-time monitoring results.

[0105] Furthermore, the arrangement rules of the ultrasonic receiving sensors on the test battery are usually optimized according to the target detection requirements, signal coverage and resolution requirements. Among them, the preset arrangement rules can be regular arrays (such as linear arrangement, rectangular grid, circular array) or irregular distributions (such as random distribution or adaptive distribution) to ensure that the ultrasonic signals in the key areas inside the battery can be fully collected. The preset arrangement rules need to comprehensively consider the sensor spacing, signal propagation path, target resolution, and possible structural noise and boundary effects to achieve efficient signal acquisition and accurate battery health status assessment, while avoiding signal overlap or blind spots.

[0106] In this way, by arranging ultrasonic transmitters and multiple ultrasonic signal receivers according to preset arrangement rules, it is not only possible to improve the accuracy and coverage of signal acquisition and ensure the consistency and accuracy of signal transmission, but also to adapt to different battery shapes and application scenarios through flexible arrangement, and enhance the adaptability and sensitivity of the monitoring system. In addition, it can also improve the accuracy of fault detection, facilitate the construction of efficient signal analysis models, and provide reliable support for battery health status assessment, safety assurance, and life extension.

[0107] As can be seen from the above, a battery health status determination method provided in an embodiment of the present specification is based on a battery health status determination method provided in the present specification, receiving a state determination instruction for a target battery; in response to the state determination instruction, obtaining multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determining a target acoustic wave characteristic value based on a signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals; determining a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery based on a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to the test battery and each health status, the state characterization value is determined based on the first battery health status value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined based on the signal characteristic values ​​of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to the test battery and each health status; determining the battery health status value of the target battery based on the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value. In this way, on the one hand, the target acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to the target received signal, and the health status value of the target battery is determined through the target acoustic wave characteristic value of the target battery, which can avoid the problem of battery damage caused by structural modification or built-in sensors, and reduce the cost of battery testing while ensuring the accuracy of battery health status determination. On the other hand, according to the target characterization value mapping rule obtained by fitting the test data of the test battery (i.e., the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value), the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery can be quickly and accurately determined, thereby improving the determination efficiency and accuracy of the battery health status value of the target battery. Compared with the existing capacity-based health status estimation method, it has the advantage of strong real-time performance.

[0108] See also Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of this specification also provides a specific electronic device, wherein the electronic device includes a network communication port 301, a processor 302 and a memory 303, and the above structures are connected through internal cables so that each structure can perform specific data interaction.

[0109] The network communication port 301 may be used to receive a state determination instruction for a target battery.

[0110] The processor 302 can be specifically used to respond to the state determination instruction, obtain multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determine the target acoustic wave characteristic value according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals; determine the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to the test battery and each health state, the state characterization value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of received signals corresponding to the test battery and each health state; determine the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value.

[0111] The memory 303 may be specifically used to store corresponding instruction programs.

[0112] Based on the above method, the relevant structural performance of the electronic device can be effectively utilized, the data processing speed of the electronic device can be improved, and the battery health status determination method can be efficiently implemented.

[0113] In this embodiment, the network communication port 301 can be a virtual port that is bound to different communication protocols so that different data can be sent or received. For example, the network communication port can be a port responsible for web data communication, a port responsible for FTP data communication, or a port responsible for email data communication. In addition, the network communication port can also be a physical communication interface or communication chip. For example, it can be a wireless mobile network communication chip, such as GSM, CDMA, etc.; it can also be a Wifi chip; it can also be a Bluetooth chip.

[0114] In this embodiment, the processor 302 may be implemented in any appropriate manner. For example, the processor may take the form of a microprocessor or a processor and a computer-readable medium storing a computer-readable program code (such as software or firmware) executable by the (micro)processor, a logic gate, a switch, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic controller, and an embedded microcontroller, etc. This specification does not limit this.

[0115] In this embodiment, the memory 303 may include multiple levels. In a digital system, anything that can store binary data can be a memory; in an integrated circuit, a circuit with a storage function but no physical form is also called a memory, such as RAM, FIFO, etc.; in a system, a storage device with a physical form is also called a memory, such as a memory stick, TF card, etc.

[0116] The embodiment of the present specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium based on the above-mentioned battery health state determination method, the computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed, it implements: receiving a state determination instruction for a target battery; in response to the state determination instruction, obtaining multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determining a target acoustic wave characteristic value according to a signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals; determining a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting a state characterization value and an acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to a test battery and each health state, the state characterization value is determined according to a first battery health state value and an initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values ​​of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery; determining the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value.

[0117] In this embodiment, the storage medium includes but is not limited to a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a cache, a hard disk (HDD) or a memory card. The memory may be used to store computer program instructions. The network communication unit may be an interface for network connection communication set in accordance with the standard specified by the communication protocol.

[0118] In this embodiment, the functions and effects specifically implemented by the program instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium can be explained in comparison with other implementations and will not be described in detail here.

[0119] See also Figure 4 At the software level, the embodiment of this specification also provides a battery health status determination device, which may specifically include the following structural modules:

[0120] The instruction receiving module 401 is used to receive an instruction for determining the state of a target battery;

[0121] The instruction response module 402 is used to respond to the state determination instruction, obtain multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determine the target sound wave characteristic value according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals;

[0122] The characterization value determination module 403 is used to determine the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the state characterization value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values ​​of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery;

[0123] The health state determination module 404 is used to determine the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state representation value of the target battery and the target state representation value.

[0124] In some embodiments, before the above-mentioned instruction response module 402, during specific implementation, the first battery health status value corresponding to the test battery and each health status, and the multiple groups of received signals are obtained; according to the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health status, the acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to the test battery and each health status is determined; according to the first battery health status value of the test battery and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, the state characterization value corresponding to the test battery and each health status is determined; according to the state characterization value corresponding to the test battery and each health status and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the preset parameters in the target characterization value mapping rule are fitted to obtain the target characterization value mapping rule.

[0125] In some embodiments, during specific implementation, the signal characteristic value includes waveform intensity, flight time, impact factor and skewness factor, and the target sound wave characteristic value is the difference between the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0126] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned characterization value determination module 403, when implemented, determines the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the following formula:

[0127]

[0128] in, is the target state representation value, , , , is the preset parameter, is the difference between the waveform strengths of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the flight times of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the impact factors of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the skewness factors of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0129] In some embodiments, the health status determination module 404 is specifically implemented to determine the battery health status value of the target battery according to the following formula:

[0130]

[0131] in, is the battery health status value of the target battery, is the target state representation value, is the first initial state characterization value.

[0132] In some embodiments, when implemented, it also includes:

[0133] The impact factor is determined according to the following formula:

[0134]

[0135] The skewness factor is determined according to the following formula:

[0136]

[0137] in, is the signal value of the i-th point on the target received signal, n is the number of signal points in the target received signal, is the average value of the signal values ​​of n signal points of the target received signal.

[0138] In some embodiments, the specific implementation also includes: the multiple groups of received signals are obtained by collecting ultrasonic signals emitted by ultrasonic transmitting sensors from multiple ultrasonic receiving sensors that are pre-arranged on the test battery according to preset arrangement rules; wherein the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensors are arranged on the working surface of the test battery based on preset arrangement rules, and the distance between each of the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensors is the same.

[0139] It should be noted that the units, devices or modules described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions. For the convenience of description, the above devices are described separately by functions divided into various modules. Of course, when implementing this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or more software and / or hardware, or the modules that implement the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units. The device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0140] As can be seen from the above, a battery health status determination device provided in the embodiment of this specification, on the one hand, determines the target acoustic wave characteristic value according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to the target received signal, so as to determine the health status value of the target battery through the target acoustic wave characteristic value of the target battery, which can avoid the problem of battery damage caused by structural modification or built-in sensors, and ensure the accuracy of battery health status determination while reducing the cost of battery testing. On the other hand, according to the target characterization value mapping rule obtained by fitting the test data (i.e., the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value) of the test battery, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery can be determined quickly and accurately, thereby improving the determination efficiency and accuracy of the battery health status value of the target battery, and compared with the existing capacity-based health status estimation method, it has the advantage of strong real-time performance.

[0141] In a specific scenario example, a battery health status determination method and device provided in this specification can be applied to solve the problems of long time consumption and poor real-time performance of health status determination in existing battery health status determination methods, and provide a lossless, efficient, and low-cost battery health status determination method and device to quickly and accurately determine the health status of the battery. The specific implementation process may include the following contents.

[0142] S1: Figure 2 Taking the test battery shown as an example, an ultrasonic transmitting sensor may be arranged in the central area of ​​the working surface of the test battery, and ultrasonic receiving sensors (i.e., ultrasonic receiving sensor 1 and ultrasonic receiving sensor 2) may be arranged at both ends of the center at equal intervals, so as to ensure that the above three sensors are located on the same horizontal line and parallel to the bottom line of the working surface of the test battery;

[0143] S2: The ultrasonic excitation module of the ultrasonic transmitting sensor emits a fixed frequency excitation pulse, and at the same time collects the receiving signals received by the ultrasonic receiving sensor 1 and the ultrasonic receiving sensor 2, and after filtering and amplifying the collected multiple groups of receiving signals, collects the received signals. The corresponding time domain waveforms after the cycle are recorded as and , post-process and analyze the waveform;

[0144] S3: Collect multiple groups of received signals of the test battery in different health states, and determine the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state based on the multiple groups of received signals, so as to determine the state characterization value of the test battery corresponding to each health state based on the signal characteristic values. For example, the state characterization value of the test battery can be calculated by the difference between two waveform intensities, flight time, impact factor and skewness factor.

[0145] Specifically, first, an ultrasonic transmitting sensor is arranged in the central area of ​​the working surface of the battery to be tested, and two ultrasonic receiving sensors are arranged at both ends of the center at equal intervals to ensure that the sensors are located on the same horizontal line and parallel to the bottom line of the working surface; it can be understood that for square hard-shell batteries, the working surface is the top of the battery cover or the side with the largest area; for soft-pack batteries, the working surface is the surface with the largest area of ​​the battery; for example, the battery is a square hard-shell battery (thickness between 10mm and 50mm), and the initial two waveform intensities, flight time, impact factor, and skewness factor of the battery are recorded at the same time, and the difference of the four eigenvalues ​​is calculated .

[0146] After the ultrasonic transmitter transmits the ultrasonic pulse to the battery, the two ultrasonic receivers receive the ultrasonic pulse, and the ultrasonic transmission signal under different SOH states is collected through the signal acquisition module. The corresponding acoustic wave signals after the cycles are recorded as and , post-process and analyze the waveform.

[0147] Calculate the difference in the intensity of the two ultrasonic waves received after processing, and record it as ; Calculate the difference in flight time between the two ultrasonic waves received and record it as ; Calculate the difference in the impact factors of the two ultrasonic waves received, recorded as ; Calculate the difference in flight time between the two ultrasonic waves received, recorded as .

[0148] In some embodiments, feature value extraction can introduce a multi-scale feature fusion algorithm, such as integrating time domain features (such as waveform intensity, flight time), frequency domain features (such as spectrum distribution) and statistical features (such as impact factor, skewness factor) to construct a multi-dimensional feature vector. At the same time, the feature weight calculation method based on information entropy can adaptively adjust the importance of different features, evaluate the distinguishing ability of features through information entropy and information gain, and perform weight normalization to optimize the relative contribution of features. In addition, combined with the feature anomaly detection module, it can effectively identify and process outliers and extreme values ​​in the measurement process to ensure the reliability and accuracy of feature data. This method comprehensively improves the diversity, robustness and model adaptability of feature extraction, and provides a more reliable basic support for subsequent signal analysis and decision-making.

[0149] According to the following formula, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined:

[0150]

[0151] in, is the target state representation value, , , , is the preset parameter, is the difference between the waveform strengths of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the flight times of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the impact factors of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the skewness factors of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0152] The battery health status value of the target battery is determined according to the following formula:

[0153]

[0154] in, is the battery health status value of the target battery, is the target state representation value, is the first initial state characterization value.

[0155] In some embodiments, the ambient temperature range of the test process is 15~50℃, and the ambient temperature is kept unchanged during the test. The center frequency of the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver is 50 KHz-5 MHz, which is easy to obtain a high signal-to-noise ratio transmitted ultrasonic signal. Both the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are focused ultrasonic transducers with a focal length of 1cm~4cm, which can match the battery thickness well. Based on the good directivity and penetration characteristics of ultrasonic waves, there is a potential connection between the change in the signal characteristic value after the sound wave passes through the battery and the battery health state. The characterization parameters of the battery SOH are calculated, and the battery SOH can be obtained by establishing the relationship between the battery SOH and the change in the characterization parameter value.

[0156] In some embodiments, the battery is first charged and discharged at 25° C., ultrasonic signals are collected, and the actual SOH at this time is recorded. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0157] Table 1:

[0158] The calculated SOH value containing ABCD is matched with the actual SOH value, and the quaternary equation is listed;

[0159] Solving the equation yields the preset parameters A=0.152; B=1.732; C=8.6; D=15.113.

[0160] Under this temperature condition, the characterization parameters The model equation (i.e., the target representation value mapping rule) is .

[0161] The battery SOH (i.e. battery health status) calculation formula is:

[0162]

[0163] in, is the battery health status value of the target battery, is the target state representation value, is the first initial state characterization value.

[0164] The SOH values ​​in the above table were calculated using this model and were found to be close to the actual measured data.

[0165] The SOH of the battery after 200 cycles at 40°C and 50°C was measured using this model. The test results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0166] Table 2:

[0167] After measuring the battery at 40°C and cycling it for 200 times, the SOH calculated by substituting various parameters into the model formula was 96.2%, while the actual measurement was 95.9%. Under the condition of 50°C, the SOH calculated by the model equation was 95.6%, while the actual measurement was 95.3%. The model calculation is close to the actual measurement data, which shows that the formula has high accuracy.

[0168] Based on the above embodiments, ultrasonic transmitting and receiving sensors are arranged on the surface of the battery to obtain the signal used for characterization, without the need to modify the battery structure or install built-in sensors, which has the advantages of non-destructive and low cost. The parameters obtained are the changes in the characteristic values ​​of the ultrasonic signal before and after the battery cycle, which overcomes the shortcomings of the existing capacity-based health status estimation method that requires a standard test system or test equipment, has strong real-time performance, and is easier to embed into the battery management system. At the same time, the battery SOH characterization parameter in the present invention is obtained by a certain calculation formula through the difference between the characteristic values ​​of the two ultrasonic signals, which has higher accuracy and can reflect the slight changes inside the battery.

[0169] Although the present specification provides method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flow charts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-creative means. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is only one way of executing the order of many steps and does not represent the only order of execution. When the device or client product in practice is executed, it can be executed in sequence or in parallel according to the method shown in the embodiments or the drawings (for example, a parallel processor or a multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed data processing environment). The terms "include", "include" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, product or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such a process, method, product or device. In the absence of more restrictions, it is not excluded that there are other identical or equivalent elements in the process, method, product or device including the elements. The words first, second, etc. are used to represent the name, and do not represent any particular order.

[0170] Those skilled in the art also know that, in addition to implementing the controller in a purely computer-readable program code, the controller can be made to implement the same function in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, such a controller can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices for implementing various functions included therein can also be considered as structures within the hardware component. Or even, the devices for implementing various functions can be considered as both software modules for implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0171] Through the description of the above embodiments, it can be known that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present specification can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present specification can essentially be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a storage medium such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a mobile terminal, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present specification or some parts of the embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for determining a battery health state, characterized in that: include: receiving a state determination instruction for a target battery; In response to the state determination instruction, acquiring multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determining a target sound wave characteristic value according to a signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals; According to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the state characterization value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values ​​of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery; A battery health state value of the target battery is determined according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before determining the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the method includes: Acquire the first battery health state value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the multiple groups of received signals; Determining the acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to each health state of the test battery according to the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state; Determine the state characterization value of the test battery corresponding to each health state according to the first battery health state value of the test battery and the initial state characterization value of the test battery; According to the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the preset parameters in the target characterization value mapping rule are fitted to obtain the target characterization value mapping rule.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The signal characteristic values ​​include waveform intensity, flight time, impact factor and skewness factor, and the target sound wave characteristic value is the difference between the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of target received signals.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The determining, according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery includes: According to the following formula, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined: in, is the target state representation value, , , , is the preset parameter, is the difference between the waveform strengths of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the flight times of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the impact factors of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the skewness factors of the multiple groups of target received signals.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The determining the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value includes: The battery health status value of the target battery is determined according to the following formula: in, is the battery health status value of the target battery, is the target state representation value, is the first initial state characterization value.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The method further comprises: The impact factor is determined according to the following formula: The skewness factor is determined according to the following formula: in, is the signal value of the i-th point on the target received signal, n is the number of signal points in the target received signal, is the average value of the signal values ​​of n signal points of the target received signal.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The multiple groups of received signals are obtained by collecting ultrasonic signals emitted by ultrasonic transmitting sensors from multiple ultrasonic receiving sensors that are pre-arranged on the test battery according to preset arrangement rules; wherein the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensors are arranged on the working surface of the test battery based on preset arrangement rules, and the distance between each of the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensors is the same.

8. A battery health status determination device, characterized in that: include: An instruction receiving module, used for receiving an instruction for determining the state of a target battery; An instruction response module, configured to respond to the state determination instruction, obtain multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determine a target sound wave characteristic value according to a signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals; A characterization value determination module, used to determine a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the state characterization value is determined according to a first battery health state value and an initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values ​​of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery; The health state determination module is used to determine the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a processor and a memory for storing processor executable instructions, and when the processor executes the instructions, the steps of the battery health status determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: Computer instructions are stored thereon, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method for determining the battery health status as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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