Lithium ion battery thermal runaway test device

Abstract

A lithium ion battery thermal runaway test device provided by the utility model comprises a test board, a lifting mechanism, a puncturing mechanism and a battery fixing mechanism, a discharge groove is concavely arranged on the surface of the test board, a sodium chloride solution is stored in the discharge groove, the battery fixing mechanism comprises two groups of fixing clamps and a moving assembly, and the moving assembly is arranged on the surface of the test board. The left and right parts are symmetrically arranged on the testboard; a to-be-tested battery is placed between the fixing clamps, the moving assembly drives the two fixing clamps to move oppositely to fix the lithium battery, the lifting mechanism drives the puncturing mechanism to descend to perform puncturing test on the to-be-tested battery, and after the test is finished, the moving assembly drives the two fixing clamps to move oppositely to fix the to-be-tested battery. The tested lithium battery falls into the discharge tank and is discharged by the sodium chloride solution in the discharge tank, so that the energy level in the battery is reduced, and the risk of thermal runaway, fire or explosion caused by short circuit after the battery is punctured is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of thermal runaway testing of lithium-ion batteries, in particular to a thermal runaway testing device for lithium-ion batteries. Background Art

[0002] To ensure the safety of lithium-ion batteries during use, battery manufacturers need to test the safety of batteries during design, production, manufacturing, and product verification and evaluation, mainly for battery thermal runaway tests.

[0003] The thermal runaway test of lithium-ion batteries includes a needle penetration test to test the working and safety conditions of lithium-ion batteries in a broken state. However, lithium-ion batteries may explode after being penetrated. Lithium batteries after the needle penetration test still have certain risks. If they are not discharged in time, they may burn or explode. Utility Model Content

[0004] (1) Technical issues to be solved

[0005] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a lithium-ion battery thermal runaway test device.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:

[0008] A lithium-ion battery thermal runaway test device comprises a test bench, a lifting mechanism, a puncture mechanism and a battery fixing mechanism;

[0009] A discharge groove is concavely provided on the surface of the test bench, and a sodium chloride solution is stored in the discharge groove;

[0010] The battery fixing mechanism includes a fixing fixture and a moving component;

[0011] The fixing fixtures are provided in two groups, which are arranged on the test bench in a bilaterally symmetrical manner;

[0012] The moving end of the moving assembly is connected to the fixed fixture and is used to drive the fixed fixture to move away from or towards each other;

[0013] The lifting mechanism is arranged above the test bench;

[0014] The puncture mechanism is connected to the lifting end of the lifting mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the fixing fixture includes a base, an L-shaped fixing plate and a limiting component;

[0016] The base is connected to the mobile end of the mobile component;

[0017] One end of the top of the vertical portion of the L-shaped fixing plate is rotatably mounted on the base;

[0018] The limiting component is connected to the L-shaped fixing plate and is used to adjust the state of the L-shaped fixing plate.

[0019] Preferably, the limiting assembly includes a rotating shaft, a limiting gear, a limiting rack, a guide rail and a spring;

[0020] One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the L-shaped fixing plate, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the limiting gear;

[0021] The limiting rack is meshed with the limiting gear and is slidably mounted in the guide rail;

[0022] The spring is installed in the guide rail, one end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the guide rail, and the other end of the spring is connected to the limiting rack.

[0023] Preferably, the moving assembly includes a moving slot, a screw rod, a moving block and a motor;

[0024] The movable slot is provided on the test bench;

[0025] The screw rod is installed in the moving groove, and the screw rod is provided with threaded ends with opposite rotation directions at both ends, and the moving block is threadedly connected to each threaded section;

[0026] The motor is connected to one end of the lead screw.

[0027] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a support rod, a top seat, a lifting plate and a pneumatic cylinder;

[0028] There are four support rods, which are vertically arranged at the four corners of the test bench surface;

[0029] The top seat is fixed on the top of the four support rods;

[0030] The lifting plate is slidably mounted on the four support rods;

[0031] The pneumatic cylinder is installed on the top of the top seat, and the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder is connected to the lifting plate.

[0032] Preferably, the puncture mechanism includes a drive motor and a puncture needle, and the drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate and connected to the puncture needle.

[0033] (3) Beneficial effects

[0034] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that: by adopting the above technical solution, the battery to be tested is placed between the fixed clamps, the two fixed clamps are driven to move toward each other by the mobile component to fix the lithium battery, the lifting mechanism drives the puncture mechanism to descend, and the battery to be tested is punctured. After the test is completed, the two fixed clamps are driven to move away from each other by the mobile component, so that the tested lithium battery falls into the discharge tank, and is discharged by the sodium chloride solution in the discharge tank, thereby reducing the energy level inside the battery, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway, fire or explosion caused by short circuit of the battery after puncture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lithium-ion battery thermal runaway test device;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a lithium-ion battery thermal runaway test device;

[0037] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a fixing fixture;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the middle part;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile component.

[0040] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0041] 1. Test bench;

[0042] 2. Discharge tank;

[0043] 3. Battery fixing mechanism;

[0044] 31. Fixing fixture; 311. Base; 312. L-shaped fixing plate; 313. Limiting assembly; 3131. Limiting gear; 3132. Limiting rack; 3133. Guide rail; 3134. Spring;

[0045] 32. Moving assembly; 321. Moving slot; 322. Screw rod; 323. Motor;

[0046] 4. Lifting mechanism;

[0047] 41. Support rod; 42. Top seat; 43. Lifting plate; 44. Pneumatic cylinder;

[0048] 5. Puncture mechanism;

[0049] 51. Driving motor; 52. Needle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , the utility model provides a lithium-ion battery thermal runaway test device, comprising a test bench 1, a lifting mechanism 4, a puncture mechanism 5 and a battery fixing mechanism 3;

[0052] The surface of the test bench 1 is provided with a discharge tank 2, and the discharge tank 2 stores a sodium chloride solution;

[0053] The battery fixing mechanism 3 includes a fixing fixture 31 and a moving component 32;

[0054] The fixing fixtures 31 are provided in two groups, which are symmetrically arranged on the test bench 1;

[0055] The moving end of the moving component 32 is connected to the fixing fixture 31 and is used to drive the fixing fixture 31 to move away from or towards each other;

[0056] The lifting mechanism 4 is arranged above the test bench 1;

[0057] The puncture mechanism 5 is connected to the lifting end of the lifting mechanism 4;

[0058] During use, the battery to be tested is placed between the fixing clamps 31, and the two fixing clamps 31 are driven to move toward each other by the moving component 32 to fix the lithium battery. The lifting mechanism 4 drives the puncture mechanism 5 to descend and perform a puncture test on the battery to be tested. After the test is completed, the two fixing clamps 31 are driven to move away from each other by the moving component 32, so that the tested lithium battery falls into the discharge tank 2, and is discharged by the sodium chloride solution in the discharge tank 2 to reduce the energy level inside the battery, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway, fire or explosion caused by short circuit of the battery after puncture.

[0059] In this embodiment, the fixing fixture 31 includes a base 311 , an L-shaped fixing plate 312 and a limiting component 313 ;

[0060] The base 311 is connected to the moving end of the moving component 32;

[0061] One end of the top of the vertical portion of the L-shaped fixing plate 312 is rotatably mounted on the base 311;

[0062] The limiting component 313 is connected to the L-shaped fixing plate 312 and is used to adjust the state of the L-shaped fixing plate 312;

[0063] During use, when the lithium battery undergoes a horizontal penetration test, the lithium battery can be placed between the two L-shaped fixing plates 312 for fixation. When the lithium battery undergoes a longitudinal penetration test, the L-shaped fixing plate 312 is flipped upward 90°, and then the L-shaped fixing plate 312 is fixed by the limiting component 313. The lithium battery is then placed vertically so that it is clamped between the back plates of the two L-shaped fixing plates 312 for fixation, thereby meeting the needs of the lithium battery's horizontal penetration test and longitudinal penetration test.

[0064] In this embodiment, the limiting assembly 313 includes a rotating shaft, a limiting gear 3131 , a limiting rack 3132 , a guide rail 3133 and a spring 3134 ;

[0065] One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the L-shaped fixing plate 312 , and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the limiting gear 3131 ;

[0066] The limiting rack 3132 is meshed with the limiting gear 3131 and is slidably mounted in the guide rail 3133;

[0067] The spring 3134 is installed in the guide rail 3133 , one end of the spring 3134 is connected to the inner wall of the guide rail 3133 , and the other end of the spring 3134 is connected to the limiting rack 3132 ;

[0068] When in use, move the limiting gear 3131 to disengage it from the limiting gear 3131. At this time, the L-shaped fixing plate 312 can be flipped over. When the L-shaped fixing plate 312 is rotated to the required angle, release the limiting rack 3132, and under the action of the spring 3134, it engages with the limiting gear 3131 to fix the L-shaped fixing plate 312.

[0069] In this embodiment, the moving assembly 32 includes a moving slot 321, a screw rod 322, a moving block and a motor 323;

[0070] The movable slot 321 is provided on the test bench 1;

[0071] The screw rod 322 is installed in the movable groove 321, and the screw rod 322 is provided with two threaded ends rotating in opposite directions, and each threaded section is threadedly connected to the movable block;

[0072] The motor 323 is connected to one end of the screw rod 322;

[0073] During use, the motor 323 drives the screw rod 322 to rotate, driving the moving blocks on the screw rod 322 to move toward or away from each other, thereby controlling the two sets of fixing clamps 31 to move toward or away from each other.

[0074] In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 4 includes a support rod 41, a top seat 42, a lifting plate 43 and a pneumatic cylinder 44;

[0075] There are four support rods 41, which are vertically arranged at the four corners of the surface of the test bench 1;

[0076] The top seat 42 is fixed on the top of the four support rods 41;

[0077] The lifting plate 43 is slidably mounted on the four support rods 41;

[0078] The pneumatic cylinder 44 is installed on the top of the top seat 42, and the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 44 is connected to the lifting plate 43;

[0079] During use, the lifting plate 43 is driven to move up and down by the pneumatic cylinder 44 to adjust the height of the puncture mechanism 5 .

[0080] In this embodiment, the puncture mechanism 5 includes a drive motor 51 and a puncture needle 52. The drive motor 51 is fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate 43 and connected to the puncture needle 52. The drive motor 51 drives the puncture needle 52 to rotate to achieve rotational puncture.

[0081] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0082] The battery to be tested is placed between the fixing fixtures 31, and the two fixing fixtures 31 are driven to move toward each other by the moving component 32 to fix the lithium battery. The lifting mechanism 4 drives the puncture mechanism 5 to descend and perform a puncture test on the battery to be tested. After the test is completed, the two fixing fixtures 31 are driven to move away from each other by the moving component 32, so that the tested lithium battery falls into the discharge tank 2, and is discharged by the sodium chloride solution in the discharge tank 2 to reduce the energy level inside the battery, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway, fire or explosion caused by short circuit of the battery after puncture.

[0083] The circuits, electronic components and modules involved are all existing technologies and can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art. Needless to say, the content protected by this utility model does not involve improvements to software and methods.

[0084] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

[0085] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A lithium-ion battery thermal runaway test device, characterized in that: It includes a test bench, a lifting mechanism, a puncture mechanism and a battery fixing mechanism; A discharge groove is concavely provided on the surface of the test bench, and a sodium chloride solution is stored in the discharge groove; The battery fixing mechanism includes a fixing fixture and a moving component; The fixing fixtures are provided in two groups, which are arranged on the test bench in a bilaterally symmetrical manner; The moving end of the moving assembly is connected to the fixed fixture and is used to drive the fixed fixture to move away from or towards each other; The lifting mechanism is arranged above the test bench; The puncture mechanism is connected to the lifting end of the lifting mechanism.

2. A lithium-ion battery thermal runaway test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing fixture includes a base, an L-shaped fixing plate and a limiting component; The base is connected to the mobile end of the mobile component; One end of the top of the vertical portion of the L-shaped fixing plate is rotatably mounted on the base; The limiting component is connected to the L-shaped fixing plate and is used to adjust the state of the L-shaped fixing plate.

3. A lithium-ion battery thermal runaway test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting assembly includes a rotating shaft, a limiting gear, a limiting rack, a guide rail and a spring; One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the L-shaped fixing plate, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the limiting gear; The limiting rack is meshed with the limiting gear and is slidably mounted in the guide rail; The spring is installed in the guide rail, one end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the guide rail, and the other end of the spring is connected to the limiting rack.

4. A lithium-ion battery thermal runaway test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving assembly includes a moving slot, a screw rod, a moving block and a motor; The movable slot is provided on the test bench; The screw rod is installed in the moving groove, and the screw rod is provided with threaded ends with opposite rotation directions at both ends, and the moving block is threadedly connected to each threaded section; The motor is connected to one end of the lead screw.

5. The lithium-ion battery thermal runaway test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a support rod, a top seat, a lifting plate and a pneumatic cylinder; There are four support rods, which are vertically arranged at the four corners of the test bench surface; The top seat is fixed on the top of the four support rods; The lifting plate is slidably mounted on the four support rods; The pneumatic cylinder is installed on the top of the top seat, and the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder is connected to the lifting plate.

6. A lithium-ion battery thermal runaway test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The puncture mechanism includes a drive motor and a puncture needle. The drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate and connected to the puncture needle.

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