A reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twins, which belongs to the technical field of reservoir dispatching and management systems. The parameters of a water balance model and a flood evolution model are corrected, and the corrected water balance equation and flood evolution equation are solved by numerical methods to obtain the water volume change and flood evolution of the reservoir. The data of video monitoring equipment and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment are effectively integrated into the water balance model and the flood evolution model to improve the accuracy and reliability of the model. The digital twin technology is used to simulate and deduce emergencies such as floods, earthquakes, water pollution, etc. that the reservoir may face, as well as to provide early warnings for personnel around the reservoir and predict and analyze equipment conditions, formulate emergency plans, and improve the emergency management capabilities and risk prevention and control levels of the reservoir.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a reservoir dispatching and management system, in particular to a reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twins, and belongs to the technical field of reservoir dispatching and management systems. Background Art

[0002] The reservoir dispatching and management system in the prior art, such as a reservoir dispatching and management system that takes into account the ecological needs of rivers, disclosed in application number CN201510353095.X, includes a hydrological and water quality information acquisition module, a video information acquisition module, a reservoir operating condition access module, an information transmission module, a data preprocessing module, which is used for data reception and storage, standardized preprocessing, and hydrological short-term forecast analysis; a dispatching and decision-making module, including a reservoir group joint dispatching and analysis submodule and an expert decision-making analysis submodule; a watershed monitoring center module, which is composed of a video forwarding server, a video management server, a video data management server, and a video workstation, and is used for watershed video monitoring; a remote video monitoring module The hydrological and water quality information management system consists of a database management subsystem and an application support platform subsystem, as well as a human-computer interaction module. Although it adopts video surveillance, it cannot use the digital twin technology to collect data from the video monitoring equipment to simulate and deduce emergencies such as floods, earthquakes, and water pollution that the reservoir may face, as well as to provide early warnings to personnel around the reservoir and predict and analyze the equipment status. In addition, it does not monitor the reservoir equipment in combination with the reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment, which leads to the problem that the reservoir equipment is prone to disrepair and the data is not comprehensive and accurate. Therefore, a reservoir scheduling and management system based on digital twins is designed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a reservoir scheduling and management system based on digital twins.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twins, including a sensing module, a wireless transmission module and a data center, wherein the sensing module includes a video monitoring device and a reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring device; Video monitoring equipment and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment collect reservoir and related watershed data and transmit them to the data center via wireless transmission modules; The data center includes a data analysis and display unit, which obtains data on reservoirs and related river basins from video monitoring equipment and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment, integrates the water balance model and flood evolution model algorithm to construct a physical model to analyze the monitoring of people near the reservoir and handle safety analysis alarms.

[0005] Preferably, in the fusion of the water balance model, the reservoir and related basin data acquired by the video monitoring equipment and the reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment include the extracted water level height , water surface area , water flow speed Information, using image recognition algorithms and deep learning target detection algorithms YOLO to identify water level scales, and then calculate the water level height and collect the displacement of the dam ,strain data.

[0006] Preferably, the water balance equation is: ; in, is the rate of change of reservoir water storage V with time t; I is the inflow flow; O is the outbound flow; P is the rainfall; E is the evaporation amount; is other water volume change items; Integrate the monitoring data of video monitoring equipment, and the water surface area obtained by video monitoring equipment Used to correct the calculation of reservoir storage capacity; Assume that the reservoir water storage capacity is a function of the water level height , combined with video monitoring of water levels Calculate V; At the same time, the water flow rate Used to estimate inflow or outflow flow when the cross-sectional area of ​​water flow is known , then we get the flow , and correct it as part of I or Q.

[0007] Preferably, the monitoring data of reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment and the displacement of the dam are integrated and strain Affects the leakage of the reservoir, so the leakage volume is established and and The relationship formula is as follows: ; in, and is a coefficient determined based on historical data; Will Add to the basic water balance equation The water balance equation is: .

[0008] Preferably, in the flood evolution model algorithm fusion, the flood evolution basic equation is adopted: Continuity equation: ; Momentum equation: ; Among them, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​water flow; Q is the flow rate; x is the distance coordinate; q is the side inflow flow rate; g is the acceleration due to gravity; H is the water level; is the friction slope; is the river bottom slope; Integrate video monitoring equipment monitoring data, video monitoring water level height and water flow speed Used to correct the water level and flow parameters in the equation; Will Substituting H into the momentum equation will give Substitute the calculated flow rate into Q in the continuity equation and momentum equation.

[0009] Preferably, the monitoring data of the reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment is integrated, the displacement and strain of the dam change the cross-sectional shape and friction coefficient of the river channel, and the cross-sectional area A of the water flow is related to the dam displacement. Related, expressed as: ; in, is the initial water flow cross-sectional area; is the coefficient; At the same time, the friction slope Adapt to changes Change, then construct the formula: ; in, is the initial friction slope; As the coefficient, the friction slope , and the corrected parameters of the water-passing cross-sectional area A are substituted into the basic flood evolution equation to obtain the fused flood evolution equation.

[0010] Preferably, during the processing of the safety analysis alarm, the video monitoring equipment obtains the location and quantity information of people near the reservoir; Associate personnel information with the reservoir status simulated by the water balance model and the flood evolution model. When the flood evolution model predicts that a certain area will be flooded, check whether there are people in the area. According to the personnel information and the reservoir status, assess the safety risks faced by the personnel. If the personnel are in a dangerous area that may be reached by the flood, or the rising water level may endanger the safety of the personnel, the alarm mechanism is triggered. The activities of the personnel may have an impact on the operation of the reservoir, and these impacts are fed back to the water balance model and the flood evolution model. Basic water balance equation: ; Human activity impact item: Human activities around the reservoir. If someone damages the anti-seepage facilities of the reservoir, it will increase the leakage. Introduce a water volume change item related to human activities. , water volume change term It is related to the behavior and location of the personnel. Assuming that when the personnel are in a specific dangerous area of ​​the dam and have destructive behavior, the leakage increases, which can be expressed as: ; in, is the coefficient associated with the increase in leakage due to vandalism; is a function related to the degree of damage; The water balance equation after fusion is: .

[0011] Preferably, the flood evolution model is integrated, using the basic flood evolution equation: Continuity equation: ; Momentum equation: ; Personnel influence parameter correction: The gathering of people will affect the resistance of water flow. A friction correction coefficient related to the number and distribution of people is introduced. , for the friction slope make corrections; ; in, , is the coefficient related to the influence of personnel on friction; n is the number of personnel; It is a function related to the density of personnel distribution; The momentum equation after fusion is: .

[0012] Preferably, the processing of the safety analysis alarm also includes defining a risk assessment function R for assessing the safety risk faced by personnel, where R is a function of multiple factors including personnel location, reservoir water level, and flood evolution prediction; ; in,( , ) is the position coordinate of the personnel, H is the reservoir water level, is the predicted time when floodwater will reach the location; Alarm threshold: Set an alarm threshold ,when When the alarm is triggered, that is: ; The triggering alarm mechanism includes the following steps: S11: Obtain personnel information from video monitoring equipment, obtain reservoir water level and flow information from sensors, and simultaneously run the water balance model and flood evolution model to obtain relevant simulation results; S12: Based on the personnel information, the parameters of the water balance model and the flood evolution model are corrected according to the above equations; S13: Solve the revised water balance equation and flood evolution equation to obtain the updated reservoir status; S14: Calculate the risk assessment function to determine whether to trigger an alarm; S15: If an alarm is triggered, appropriate measures are taken, such as notifying relevant personnel to evacuate, and the impact of these measures on reservoir operation is fed back to the model for the next round of calculations.

[0013] Preferably, a mathematical model is established by numerically simulating the operation state of the reservoir, and a three-dimensional physical model of the reservoir is established based on the topography, hydraulic structure structure, and water flow characteristics of the reservoir detected by water level sensors, flow sensors, water quality sensors, meteorological sensors, video monitoring equipment, and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment to simulate the water flow movement and water exchange physical process of the reservoir; Use historical data and real-time monitoring data to calibrate and verify the constructed physical and mathematical models, and adjust model parameters.

[0014] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: The present invention provides a reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin, which performs parameter correction on a water balance model and a flood evolution model, uses numerical methods to solve the corrected water balance equation and flood evolution equation, obtains the water volume change and flood evolution of the reservoir, and effectively integrates the data of video monitoring equipment and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment into the water balance model and the flood evolution model, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the model.

[0015] Through the digital twin platform, the reservoir's hydraulic structures and electromechanical equipment can be monitored and diagnosed in real time, the equipment's operating status and fault trends can be predicted, decision support can be provided for equipment maintenance and overhaul, and the equipment's operating reliability and service life can be improved. Digital twin technology can be used to simulate and simulate emergencies such as floods, earthquakes, water pollution, etc. that the reservoir may face, as well as to provide early warnings to personnel around the reservoir and conduct predictive analysis of equipment conditions, formulate emergency plans, and improve the reservoir's emergency management capabilities and risk prevention and control levels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A system diagram of a preferred embodiment of a reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin according to the present invention; Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of a reservoir scheduling and management system based on digital twins. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more clear and specific to those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the implementation manner of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0018] This embodiment provides a reservoir scheduling and management system based on digital twins. The staff installs sensors in the reservoir and related river basins. The sensors include water level sensors, flow sensors, water quality sensors, meteorological sensors, video monitoring equipment, and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment.

[0019] Among them, reservoirs and related river basins specifically include reservoir waters, reservoir dams and ancillary buildings, land areas around reservoirs, surface runoff areas, and underground runoff areas.

[0020] In the reservoir water area, the water level sensor is installed on a fixed pile on the shore of the reservoir or in a specially set up water level observation well to ensure that the water level sensor probe can rise and fall freely with the water level changes and is not affected by the impact of water flow and floating objects. A float-type water level sensor can also be used to measure the water level by having the float follow the rise and fall of the water level.

[0021] The flow sensor is installed at the inlet and outlet of the reservoir. For open channel inlets and outlets, ultrasonic flow meters or electromagnetic flow meters are used. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that there is a sufficiently long straight pipe section upstream and downstream of the flow sensor to ensure measurement accuracy. If it is a pipeline inlet and outlet, the flow sensor is installed directly on the pipeline.

[0022] Water quality sensors are usually installed in a buoy or fixed bracket style. The buoy-type water quality sensor can float on the water surface and monitor surface water quality parameters in real time. The fixed bracket-type water quality sensor is installed on a bracket and sunk into the water to a certain depth. It monitors water quality conditions at different depths as needed. At the same time, it is installed in different locations in the center of the reservoir and near the shore to fully grasp the water quality conditions.

[0023] Water level sensors in reservoir dams and ancillary buildings are installed on the upstream and downstream dam surfaces to monitor the water level difference between the upstream and downstream of the dam and understand the seepage conditions of the dam. Pressure-type water level sensors are installed in the pressure measuring tubes inside the dam body to measure the water level changes inside the dam body.

[0024] Flow sensors are installed at the inlets and outlets of spillways and water tunnels to monitor water flow and understand the flow conditions of the buildings. For spillways, weir flow meters are used, and for water tunnels, appropriate flow meters are selected based on the pipe diameter and water flow characteristics.

[0025] In the reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment, crack monitors are installed on the dam surface. Strain gauges are pasted or crack meters are installed on the key parts of the dam surface, such as the dam crest, dam shoulders, and upstream and downstream dam slopes, to monitor the development of cracks on the dam surface.

[0026] Piezometers and inclinometers are buried inside the dam body to monitor the seepage pressure and soil displacement inside the dam body. They are drilled and buried at different elevations and locations on the dam body to fully understand the internal status of the dam body.

[0027] Stress and strain monitoring equipment are installed on the piers and gates of the spillway of the ancillary buildings to monitor the stress conditions of the structures, and monitoring equipment is installed on the lining surface of the water diversion tunnel to monitor the deformation and cracks of the lining.

[0028] Water quality sensors are installed at the junction of the river entering the reservoir and the land surrounding the reservoir to monitor changes in water quality entering the reservoir. The water quality sensors are installed on the poles on the shore and the probes are extended into the water for measurement.

[0029] Meteorological sensors should be installed in open, unobstructed places, such as open areas near reservoir management stations or specially set up meteorological observation sites. Meteorological sensors should be installed on brackets at a certain height from the ground to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data and avoid interference with meteorological elements from surrounding buildings and trees.

[0030] Video monitoring equipment should be installed at commanding heights on the land around the reservoir, such as mountain tops and dam tops. Video monitoring cameras should be installed on poles or towers to obtain a broad field of view and conduct real-time monitoring of human activities, terrain changes, and vegetation conditions around the reservoir. At the same time, video monitoring equipment should also be appropriately installed near surrounding roads and important facilities to strengthen monitoring of key areas.

[0031] Flow sensors in surface runoff areas are installed in the main channels of surface runoff, such as streams and ditches. Thin-wall weirs and water-measuring weirs are used to calculate the flow rate by measuring the water head on the weir. Doppler flow meters can also be used and installed in the water flow to measure the water flow velocity and then calculate the flow rate.

[0032] Water quality sensors are installed at the source, midway and entrance of surface runoff to the reservoir to understand the changes in water quality of surface runoff at different stages. The installation method is based on the specific terrain and water flow conditions, and can be suspended or fixed at the bottom of the riverbed.

[0033] Video monitoring equipment is installed in key locations in surface runoff areas, such as areas prone to soil erosion and mudslides, as well as important nodes where runoff converges. Solar-powered video monitoring equipment is used to conduct real-time monitoring of surface runoff flow, water quality changes, and surrounding environmental changes.

[0034] Water level sensors in underground runoff areas are installed in groundwater level observation wells to monitor changes in groundwater levels. The water level sensors are installed at the bottom or middle of the observation wells.

[0035] Water quality sensors are installed in groundwater monitoring wells or spring outcrops to understand the groundwater quality. During installation, care should be taken to prevent the water level sensor from being blocked or corroded. A filtering device should be used to pre-treat the water sample. For some deep groundwater monitoring points, professional downhole water quality monitoring equipment is required. The water level sensor is lowered to the specified depth for measurement through drilling.

[0036] After the water level sensor, flow sensor, water quality sensor, meteorological sensor, video monitoring equipment, and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment are installed, wireless communication technology is used to transmit the real-time data collected by the water level sensor, flow sensor, water quality sensor, meteorological sensor, video monitoring equipment, and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment to the data center to ensure timely and accurate transmission of data.

[0037] Among them, wireless communication technology uses wireless transmission modules and adopts wireless communication technologies suitable for long-distance and low-power transmission, such as 4G / 5G and LoRa. The specific selection is based on data transmission volume, transmission distance, power consumption requirements and on-site network coverage factors.

[0038] Receive data from water level sensors, flow sensors, water quality sensors, meteorological sensors, video monitoring equipment, and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment through the wireless transmission module, package them into data packets that comply with the wireless communication protocol, and send them to the data center through wireless signals; Among them, the data center includes a data receiving and processing unit, which has a wireless receiving module that matches each wireless transmission module. It can receive data packets sent from different wireless transmission modules, unpack and verify the received data, and perform pre-processing operations to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data.

[0039] The data storage unit uses large-capacity storage devices, such as disk arrays, to store the pre-processed data for a long time to form a historical database for subsequent query, analysis and mining.

[0040] The data analysis and display unit uses data analysis algorithms and tools to conduct in-depth analysis of stored data, extract valuable information and patterns, and present the analysis results to managers in an intuitive and easy-to-understand three-dimensional visualization through a visualization interface, such as a large-screen display and a web page, to provide support for reservoir scheduling and management decisions.

[0041] Among them, the use of data analysis algorithms and tools in the data analysis and display unit specifically includes constructing a physical model from a digital twin model of the stored data. In the present invention, the video monitoring equipment, the reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment, the water balance model in the physical model construction, and the flood evolution model algorithm are integrated to construct a new physical model; Specifically includes extracting water level height from video monitoring equipment , water surface area , water flow speed Information, use image recognition algorithm and deep learning target detection algorithm YOLO to identify water level scale and then calculate water level height; Collect the displacement of the dam ,strain Data, which can reflect the structural safety of the dam and will affect the water exchange and flow movement in the reservoir.

[0042] Basic water balance equation: ; in, is the rate of change of the reservoir water storage capacity V with time t, I is the inflow, O is the outflow, P is the rainfall, E is the evaporation, is other water volume change item.

[0043] Fusion of video monitoring data, water surface area obtained by video monitoring Used to correct the calculation of reservoir storage capacity; Assume that the reservoir water storage capacity is a function of the water level height , combined with video monitoring of water levels V can be calculated more accurately.

[0044] At the same time, the water flow rate It can be used to estimate the inflow or outflow flow if the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow is known. , then the flow rate can be obtained , and correct it as part of I or Q.

[0045] Fusion maintenance monitoring data, dam displacement and strain Affects the leakage of the reservoir, so the leakage volume is established and and The relationship formula is as follows: ; in, and is a coefficient determined based on historical data. Add to the basic water balance equation In the term, the water balance equation is: .

[0046] The flood evolution model is integrated, using the basic flood evolution equation: Continuity equation: ; Momentum equation: ; Among them, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow, Q is the flow rate, x is the distance coordinate, q is the side inflow flow, g is the gravity acceleration, and H is the water level. is the friction slope, The slope of the river bottom.

[0047] Fusion video monitoring data: Water level monitoring by video and water flow speed It can be used to correct the water level and flow parameters in the equation.

[0048] Will Substituting H into the momentum equation will give Substitute the calculated flow rate into Q in the continuity equation and momentum equation.

[0049] Fusion maintenance monitoring data: The displacement and strain of the dam will change the cross-sectional shape and friction coefficient of the river channel. The cross-sectional area A is proportional to the dam displacement. Related, expressed as ,in, is the initial water flow cross-sectional area, is the coefficient, and at the same time, the friction slope Adapt to changes Change, then build ;in is the initial friction slope, As coefficients, these modified parameters are substituted into the basic flood evolution equation to obtain the fused flood evolution equation.

[0050] Obtain data in real time from video monitoring equipment and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment , , , , ; According to the above equations, parameters of the water balance model and flood evolution model are corrected.

[0051] The numerical method is used to solve the revised water balance equation and flood evolution equation to obtain the reservoir water volume changes and flood evolution.

[0052] Through the above methods and calculation equations, the data from video monitoring equipment and reservoir damage maintenance monitoring equipment are effectively integrated into the water balance model and flood evolution model to improve the accuracy and reliability of the model.

[0053] The present invention further processes the monitoring of personnel near the reservoir and the safety analysis alarm, as follows: Video monitoring equipment obtains information on the location and number of people near the reservoir. This personnel information is associated with the reservoir status simulated by the water balance model and the flood evolution model. When the flood evolution model predicts that a certain area will be flooded, check whether there are people in the area. Based on the personnel information and reservoir status, the safety risks faced by the personnel are assessed. If the personnel are in a dangerous area that may be reached by the flood, or the rising water level may endanger the safety of the personnel, the alarm mechanism is triggered. The activities of the personnel may have an impact on the operation of the reservoir, and these impacts can be fed back to the water balance model and the flood evolution model.

[0054] Basic water balance equation: ; Human activity impact item: Human activities around the reservoir. If someone damages the anti-seepage facilities of the reservoir, it will increase the leakage. Introduce a water volume change item related to human activities. , which is related to the behavior and location of the personnel. Assume that when the personnel are in a specific dangerous area of ​​the dam and have destructive behavior, the leakage increases. It can be expressed as: ; in, is the coefficient related to the increase in leakage caused by vandalism, is a function related to the degree of damage.

[0055] The water balance equation after fusion is: .

[0056] The flood evolution model is integrated, using the basic flood evolution equation: Continuity equation: ; Momentum equation: ; Personnel influence parameter correction: The gathering of people will affect the resistance of water flow. A friction correction coefficient related to the number and distribution of people is introduced. , for the friction slope Make corrections.

[0057] ; in, , is the coefficient related to the effect of personnel on friction, n is the number of personnel, It is a function related to the population distribution density.

[0058] The momentum equation after fusion is: ; Risk assessment function: define a risk assessment function R to assess the safety risk faced by personnel. R is a function of multiple factors such as personnel location, reservoir water level, and flood evolution prediction; ; in,( , ) is the position coordinate of the personnel, H is the reservoir water level, is the predicted time when flood water will reach the location.

[0059] Alarm threshold: Set an alarm threshold ,when When the alarm is triggered, that is: ; The triggering alarm mechanism includes the following steps: S11: Obtain personnel information from video monitoring equipment, obtain reservoir water level and flow information from sensors, and simultaneously run the water balance model and flood evolution model to obtain relevant simulation results; S12: Based on the personnel information, the parameters of the water balance model and the flood evolution model are corrected according to the above equations; S13: Solve the revised water balance equation and flood evolution equation to obtain the updated reservoir status; S14: Calculate the risk assessment function to determine whether to trigger an alarm; S15: If an alarm is triggered, appropriate measures are taken, such as notifying relevant personnel to evacuate, and the impact of these measures on reservoir operation is fed back to the model for the next round of calculations.

[0060] By solving the above mathematical model, the operating status of the reservoir is numerically simulated to establish a mathematical model, and based on the reservoir's topography, hydraulic structure structure, and water flow characteristics detected by water level sensors, flow sensors, water quality sensors, meteorological sensors, video monitoring equipment, and reservoir damage maintenance monitoring equipment, a three-dimensional physical model of the reservoir is established to accurately simulate the physical process of water flow movement and water exchange in the reservoir.

[0061] The constructed physical and mathematical models are calibrated and verified using historical data and real-time monitoring data, and the model parameters are adjusted so that the model can accurately reflect the actual operation of the reservoir.

[0062] Establish a database to store and manage the collected real-time and historical data, use data mining and machine learning techniques to analyze and process the data, and extract valuable information.

[0063] By using virtual reality and augmented reality technologies, the three-dimensional physical model of the reservoir is combined with real-time data to achieve a three-dimensional visualization of the reservoir's operating status, intuitively presenting the reservoir's water level changes, water flow direction, and equipment operation conditions.

[0064] Based on the digital twin model, various operating conditions of the reservoir are simulated and simulated in real time to predict the changes in water level and flow under different water inflow conditions, providing a scientific basis for reservoir scheduling decisions.

[0065] Integrate the digital twin platform with the reservoir scheduling decision-making system, and use intelligent algorithms and optimization models based on real-time monitoring data and simulation results to formulate scientific and reasonable reservoir scheduling plans to achieve optimal scheduling of the reservoir.

[0066] Through the digital twin platform, the reservoir’s hydraulic structures and electromechanical equipment can be monitored and diagnosed in real time, the operating status and fault trends of the equipment can be predicted, decision support can be provided for equipment maintenance and overhaul, and the operating reliability and service life of the equipment can be improved.

[0067] By using digital twin technology, we can simulate and deduced emergencies that the reservoir may face, such as floods, earthquakes, water pollution, etc., and provide early warnings to personnel around the reservoir and conduct predictive analysis of equipment conditions, formulate emergency plans, and improve the reservoir's emergency management capabilities and risk prevention and control levels.

[0068] The above description is only a further embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention within the scope disclosed by the present invention, which belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twins, including a sensing module, a wireless transmission module and a data center, characterized in that: The perception module includes video monitoring equipment and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment; Video monitoring equipment and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment collect reservoir and related watershed data and transmit them to the data center via wireless transmission modules; The data center includes a data analysis and display unit, which obtains data on reservoirs and related river basins from video monitoring equipment and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment, integrates the water balance model and flood evolution model algorithm to construct a physical model to analyze the monitoring of people near the reservoir and handle safety analysis alarms.

2. A reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the fusion of water balance model, the reservoir and related basin data obtained by the video monitoring equipment and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment include the extraction of water level height , water surface area , water flow speed Information, using image recognition algorithms and deep learning target detection algorithms YOLO to identify water level scales, and then calculate the water level height and collect the displacement of the dam ,strain data.

3. A reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water balance equation is: ; in, is the rate of change of reservoir water storage V with time t; I is the inflow flow; O is the outbound flow; P is the rainfall; E is the evaporation amount; is other water volume change items; Integrate the monitoring data of video monitoring equipment, and the water surface area obtained by video monitoring equipment Used to correct the calculation of reservoir water storage; Assume that the reservoir water storage capacity is a function of the water level height , combined with video monitoring of water levels Calculate V; At the same time, the water flow rate Used to estimate inflow or outflow flow when the cross-sectional area of ​​water flow is known , then we get the flow , and correct it as part of I or Q.

4. A reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin according to claim 3, characterized in that: Integrate the monitoring data of reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment, and the displacement of the dam and strain Affects the leakage of the reservoir, so the leakage volume is established and and The relationship formula is as follows: ; in, and is a coefficient determined based on historical data; Will Add to the basic water balance equation The water balance equation is: 。 5. A reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the flood evolution model algorithm fusion, the basic flood evolution equation is adopted: Continuity equation: ; Momentum equation: ； Among them, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​water flow; Q is the flow rate; x is the distance coordinate; q is the side inflow flow rate; g is the acceleration due to gravity; H is the water level; is the friction slope; is the river bottom slope; Integrate video monitoring equipment monitoring data, video monitoring water level height and water flow speed Used to correct the water level and flow parameters in the equation; Will Substituting H into the momentum equation will give Substitute the calculated flow rate into Q in the continuity equation and momentum equation.

6. A reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin according to claim 5, characterized in that: Integrate the monitoring data of reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment, the displacement and strain of the dam change the cross-sectional shape and friction coefficient of the river channel, the cross-sectional area A and the dam displacement Related, expressed as: ； in, is the initial water flow cross-sectional area; is the coefficient; At the same time, the friction slope Adapt to changes Change, then construct the formula: ； in, is the initial friction slope; As the coefficient, the friction slope , and the corrected parameters of the water-passing cross-sectional area A are substituted into the basic flood evolution equation to obtain the fused flood evolution equation.

7. The reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin according to claim 1 is characterized by: During the processing of the safety analysis alarm, the video monitoring equipment obtains the location and number information of people near the reservoir; Associate personnel information with the reservoir status simulated by the water balance model and the flood evolution model. When the flood evolution model predicts that a certain area will be flooded, check whether there are people in the area. According to the personnel information and the reservoir status, assess the safety risks faced by the personnel. If the personnel are in a dangerous area that may be reached by the flood, or the rising water level may endanger the safety of the personnel, the alarm mechanism is triggered. The activities of the personnel may have an impact on the operation of the reservoir, and these impacts are fed back to the water balance model and the flood evolution model. Basic water balance equation: ； Human activity impact item: Human activities around the reservoir. If someone damages the anti-seepage facilities of the reservoir, it will increase the leakage. Introduce a water volume change item related to human activities. , water volume change term It is related to the behavior and location of the personnel. Assuming that when the personnel are in a specific dangerous area of ​​the dam and have destructive behavior, the leakage increases, which can be expressed as: ； in, is the coefficient associated with the increase in leakage due to vandalism; is a function related to the degree of damage; The water balance equation after fusion is: 。 8. A reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flood evolution model is integrated, using the basic flood evolution equation: Continuity equation: ； Momentum equation: ； Personnel influence parameter correction: The gathering of people will affect the resistance of water flow. A friction correction coefficient related to the number and distribution of people is introduced. , for the friction slope make corrections; ； in, , is the coefficient related to the influence of personnel on friction; n is the number of personnel; It is a function related to the density of personnel distribution; The momentum equation after fusion is: 。 9. A reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin according to claim 8, characterized in that: The processing of safety analysis alarms also includes defining a risk assessment function R, which is used to assess the safety risks faced by personnel. R is a function of multiple factors such as personnel location, reservoir water level, and flood evolution prediction; ; in,( , ) is the position coordinate of the personnel, H is the reservoir water level, is the predicted time when floodwater will reach the location; Alarm threshold: Set an alarm threshold ,when When the alarm is triggered, that is: ； The triggering alarm mechanism includes the following steps: S11: Obtain personnel information from video monitoring equipment, obtain reservoir water level and flow information from sensors, and simultaneously run the water balance model and flood evolution model to obtain relevant simulation results; S12: Based on the personnel information, the parameters of the water balance model and the flood evolution model are corrected according to the above equations; S13: Solve the revised water balance equation and flood evolution equation to obtain the updated reservoir status; S14: Calculate the risk assessment function to determine whether to trigger an alarm; S15: If an alarm is triggered, appropriate measures are taken, such as notifying relevant personnel to evacuate, and the impact of these measures on reservoir operation is fed back to the model for the next round of calculations.

10. A reservoir dispatching and management system based on digital twin according to claim 9, characterized in that: A mathematical model is established by numerically simulating the operation status of the reservoir, and a three-dimensional physical model of the reservoir is established based on the topography, hydraulic structure structure, and water flow characteristics of the reservoir detected by the water level sensor, flow sensor, water quality sensor, meteorological sensor, video monitoring equipment, and reservoir damage inspection and maintenance monitoring equipment included in the perception module to simulate the water flow movement and water exchange physical process of the reservoir; Use historical data and real-time monitoring data to calibrate and verify the constructed physical and mathematical models, and adjust model parameters.

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