Artificial fish nest

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial fish nest which is applied to a navigation channel and comprises a placing groove and a fish nest assembly. The fish nest assembly comprises a plurality of placing grooves and a plurality of fish nest assemblies, and the placing grooves are formed in the upstream face of the channel dam and located below the perennial water level; the multiple fish nest assemblies are arranged, each fish nest assembly comprises a nest body, an upper baffle, a sound insulation plate and a nest inlet, the artificial fish nest is arranged in the containing groove, the nest inlet is formed in one side end of the artificial nest body, the upper baffle is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the nest inlet, the sound insulation plate is fixedly connected to the upper baffle, and the artificial fish nest does not occupy a canal channel. The noise in the channel can be fully reduced to protect hearing and reproductive capacity of fishes while the fact that some ships with large displacement can smoothly pass through the canal channel is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fish resource protection equipment, and in particular relates to an artificial fish nest adaptable to a noise environment. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing demand for the construction and operation of shipping, ports, and offshore wind farms, the noise generated by human activities is also increasing. Short-term, high-frequency noise can cause changes in physiological indicators such as fish oxygen consumption, cortisol, glucose, and lactate in a short period of time, thereby changing the swimming speed, depth, and movement direction of fish, affecting the survival and reproduction of fish. Low-frequency artificial underwater noise affects the auditory sensitivity of fish, and the auditory threshold of fish under strong noise stimulation will be temporarily or permanently shifted; in addition, noise may threaten important behavioral functions of fish, such as species identification, reproductive mating, foraging and feeding, and population information exchange. At present, the impact of underwater noise on fish has become a serious ecological problem.

[0003] Current research on artificial fish nests has found that most of the focus is on the matrix materials and the changes in their structural morphology, but little attention is paid to the impact of noise from navigable ships on fish; at the same time, my country has many fish nest structures, and their novel structures can be adapted to specific river environments. However, my country has many rivers, and due to the special conditions of many rivers, there is currently no artificial fish nest suitable for most navigable rivers.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an artificial fish nest that is suitable for most rivers and adapts to the underwater noise environment to provide a comfortable living environment for river fish. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an artificial fish nest adapted to underwater noise environment, aiming to solve the ecological problem caused by the influence of underwater noise on fish in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An artificial fish nest, applied to a waterway, comprises: a placement trough and a fish nest assembly; There are multiple placement slots, all of which are opened on the waterfront surface of the channel dam and are located below the annual water level line; There are multiple fish nest assemblies, each of which includes an artificial nest body, an upper baffle, a sound insulation board and a nest entrance. The artificial nest body is arranged in a placement groove, the nest entrance is opened at one side end of the artificial nest body, the upper baffle is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the nest entrance, and the sound insulation board is fixedly connected to the upper baffle.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper baffle is provided with an inclined surface arranged along the direction of water flow, and a sound insulation board is attached to one side of the upper baffle close to the inner side of the artificial nest.

[0008] Furthermore, the sound insulation board is a honeycomb board made of polyurethane foam plastic.

[0009] Furthermore, the sound insulation board is a laminated board formed by stacking a stainless steel plate, an air film and a honeycomb board made of polyurethane foam plastic in sequence.

[0010] The above two structures of sound insulation boards have good sound absorption, sound insulation and heat insulation effects, greatly reducing the underwater noise entering the artificial fish nest, providing a comfortable living environment for the fish in the artificial fish nest, and can enhance the supporting effect of the upper baffle.

[0011] Furthermore, the artificial nest is made of polypropylene material.

[0012] Polypropylene material has excellent tensile strength and tear strength, good elasticity and high impact energy absorption capacity, is non-toxic and odorless, and is a very environmentally friendly plastic material.

[0013] Furthermore, a clamping groove is provided on the bottom wall of the placement groove, the artificial nest body is inserted into the placement groove and fixed by clamping through the clamping groove, and the upper baffle plate and the nest entrance extend out of the placement groove.

[0014] The clamping fixation can prevent the artificial nest from slipping out of the placement groove.

[0015] Furthermore, a swing groove is provided on the lower edge wall of the nest entrance, a swing plate is provided in the swing groove, and the swing plate is a soft plate.

[0016] The swinging soft board can not only prevent the river sediment from entering the artificial nest, but also curb the impact of water flow changes in the river channel on the water flow in the artificial nest, and also attract fish to enter the artificial nest.

[0017] Furthermore, the surfaces of the upper baffle and the swing plate facing the outside of the artificial nest are both provided with reflective sheets, the area of ​​the reflective sheet on the upper baffle is smaller than that of the upper baffle, and the area of ​​the reflective sheet on the swing plate is smaller than that of the swing plate.

[0018] The setting of reflective sheets can not only mark the location of the artificial nest, facilitating the recovery and maintenance of the artificial nest, but also attract fish to enter the artificial nest.

[0019] Furthermore, a planting trough is provided at the lower end of the artificial nest. The planting trough is constructed with green concrete material and is used for planting aquatic plants.

[0020] Furthermore, a noise monitor is provided in the artificial nest, and the noise monitor is used to identify and track underwater noise sources, and the noise monitor is communicatively connected with external monitoring equipment.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Since the upper baffle and sound insulation board are set at the entrance of the artificial nest, the impact of noise in the waterway on the fish living in the artificial nest is reduced, the hearing, reproductive ability and immune ability of the fish are protected, the risks that the fish may face are reduced, and the habitat conditions of aquatic organisms are improved;

[0022] 2. Since the artificial nest is inserted into the placement groove of the channel embankment, the artificial nest hardly occupies the width of the channel and does not affect the original navigation capacity of the channel. Therefore, it is suitable for most navigable rivers;

[0023] 3. Due to the various measures such as the upper baffle, sound insulation board, swing board, reflective board and aquatic plants planted in the planting trough, the artificial nest creates a living environment for fish and effectively attracts fish into the artificial nest. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a side view schematic diagram of the relationship between the artificial fish nest and the channel dam structure; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the structural relationship between the artificial fish nest and the channel dam (only the channel dam is cross-sectionally viewed); Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of explosion section; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle; Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram showing the relationship between the artificial fish nest and the channel dam structure from another angle; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an artificial fish nest; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an artificial fish nest.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Channel dam; 2. Placement trough; 3. Artificial nest; 4. Upper baffle; 5. Sound insulation board; 6. Nest entrance; 7. Planting trough; 8. Card-connecting groove; 9. Swinging groove; 10. Swinging board; 11. Reflective sheet; 12. Noise monitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 1-Figure 8As shown, an artificial fish nest provided by an embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the channel dam 1 on both sides of the channel to provide a habitat for fish in the channel, including: a placement groove 2 and a fish nest assembly, wherein a plurality of placement grooves 2 are provided, and the plurality of placement grooves 2 are all opened on the waterfront surface of the channel dam 1 and are located below the annual water level line.

[0028] There are multiple fish nest assemblies, each of which includes an artificial nest body 3, an upper baffle 4, a sound insulation board 5 and a nest entrance 6. The artificial nest body 3 is arranged in the placement groove 2, and the nest entrance 6 is opened at one side end of the artificial nest body 3. The nest entrance 6 is close to the groove of the placement groove 2. The upper baffle 4 is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the nest entrance 6 and extends out of the placement groove 2. The sound insulation board 5 is fixedly connected to the upper baffle 4.

[0029] The artificial nest 3 is pluggable and inserted into the placement groove 2. The pluggable and plug-in design reduces the cost of manual maintenance. It can be appropriately adjusted and modified according to the actual use effect of the fish during the application period. It also facilitates the later maintenance of the artificial nest 3 and the collection of some experimental data. The artificial nest 3 can be designed to be different sizes in different waters. For example, the average water depth of the Hangzhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is about 6 meters. At this time, the height of the artificial nest 3 is designed to be 1 meter, and the length and width are both 2 meters. The placement groove 2 is opened on the side of the river channel, and the upper baffle 4 is arranged on the upper half of the artificial nest 3 and has an inclined surface arranged along the direction of the water flow. The upper baffle 4 is close to the inner side of the artificial nest 3 and is attached with a sound insulation board 5. The sound insulation board 5 embedded in the upper baffle 4 can reduce the noise in the waterway to protect the hearing, reproductive ability, and immunity of the fish, and can reduce the attraction of the waterway noise to the fish, thereby reducing the risks that the fish may face, etc. In some embodiments of the present invention, the sound insulation board 5 is a honeycomb board made of polyurethane foam plastic, which has good sound absorption, sound insulation and heat insulation effects, and can enhance the supporting effect of the upper baffle 4. In other embodiments of the present invention, the sound insulation board 5 is a three-layer stacked structure, which is composed of a stainless steel plate, an air film and a sound absorbing material plate stacked in sequence. The stacked structure adopts the resonance sound absorption principle and the porous sound absorption principle, which can effectively absorb sound.

[0030] The artificial nest 3 is made of polypropylene material, which has excellent tensile strength and tear strength, good elasticity and high impact energy absorption capacity, is non-toxic and tasteless, and is a very environmentally friendly plastic material. Green concrete materials, such as kaolin green concrete, recycled aggregate green concrete, fly ash green concrete, and inorganic cementitious material green concrete, are placed at the bottom of the artificial nest 3. Green plants such as water plants can be planted at the bottom, which effectively purifies the water body and provides a suitable ecological environment for fish. The artificial nest 3 is inserted into the placement groove 2 as a whole, and only the upper baffle 4 and the nest entrance 6 protrude out of the placement groove 2, which can reduce the impact of water flow on the artificial nest 3 to a certain extent, and at the same time reduce the space occupied by the artificial nest 3 underwater, ensuring that some large-displacement ships can pass through the canal waterway smoothly. The lower edge of the nest entrance 6 is arc-shaped, which can attract the attention of fish and provide sufficient space for fish to enter. The equipment ensures that some large-displacement ships can pass through the canal waterway smoothly, while fully reducing the noise in the waterway to protect the hearing, reproductive ability, and immunity of fish. It can also reduce the attraction of waterway noise to fish, thereby reducing the risks that fish may face and improving the habitat conditions of aquatic organisms.

[0031] For details, please refer to Figure 4 As shown, a planting trough 7 is provided at the lower end of the artificial nest 3. The planting trough 7 is constructed with green concrete materials, and a mixture of humus, water grass seeds, and slow-release fertilizer is filled in the planting trough 7. When the water temperature is suitable, the water grass seeds can take root, germinate, and penetrate into the humus to grow. Water grass greening plants and fish food can be planted in the planting trough 7 to solve the problem that it is difficult for fish to enter the artificial nest 3. Plants that can effectively induce fish are planted inside the planting trough 7 to increase the probability of fish entering. At the same time, these plants will also provide a suitable environment for fish to spawn. Many small fish, shrimps, and zooplankton are placed in the artificial nest 3 near the bottom of the water and the planting trough 7, and phytoplankton and other foods are placed in the artificial nest 3 near the water surface. The favorite foods of corresponding fish are placed in the fish nests at different layers to achieve the effect of effectively attracting fish to enter.

[0032] For details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the lower inner wall of the placement groove 2 is provided with a clamping groove 8. The clamping groove 8 is provided at the lower end of the placement groove 2, and after the artificial nest 3 is placed in the placement groove 2, the placement groove 2 can be clamped by the clamping groove 8 to prevent the artificial nest 3 from slipping out of the placement groove 2.

[0033] For details, please refer to Figure 4The lower inner wall of the nest entrance 6 is provided with a swinging groove 9, and a swinging plate 10 is provided in the swinging groove 9. One end of the swinging plate 10 in the swinging groove 9 is a circular block, so that the swinging plate 10 can rotate in the swinging plate 10 but cannot be pulled out. The swinging plate 10 is a soft plate, which prevents the river sediment from entering the artificial nest 3 to keep the planting trough 7 clean and does not affect the entry and exit of the fish in the artificial nest 3. Driven by the river water flow, the swinging plate 10 swings in the swinging groove 9 to further attract the fish to enter the artificial nest 3.

[0034] For details, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, a reflective sheet 11 is provided at one side end of the upper baffle 4 and the swing plate 10. The area of ​​the reflective sheet 11 is smaller than the area of ​​the upper baffle 4 and the area of ​​the swing plate 10. The reflective sheet 11 is provided on one side of the upper baffle 4 and the swing plate 10. When the artificial nest 3 is recovered, the position of the artificial nest 3 can be marked by the reflective sheet 11 on the upper baffle 4, which is convenient for the recovery of the artificial nest 3. The reflective sheet 11 provided on one side of the swing plate 10 continues to reflect light when the swing plate 10 is driven by the water flow to swing, thereby attracting the fish to enter the artificial nest 3.

[0035] For details, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, a noise monitor 12 is provided in the artificial nest 3. The noise monitor 12 is connected to the external monitoring device for communication. The noise monitor 12 is used to identify and track the underwater noise source, and continuously monitor the noise level in the artificial nest 3 through the noise monitor 12, analyze the noise blocking effect of the fish nest, establish a complete monitoring network and data sharing mechanism, and reveal the changing laws of the fish nest ecosystem through the accumulation and analysis of long-term monitoring data, and find better ways to maintain the fish nest.

[0036] The working principle and use process of the artificial fish nest provided by the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: the artificial nest body 3 can be designed to have different sizes in different waters. For example, the average water depth of the Hangzhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is about 6 meters. At this time, the height of the artificial nest body 3 is designed to be 1 meter, and the length and width are both 2 meters. The placement groove 2 is opened on the side of the river channel, and the upper baffle plate 4 is arranged on the upper half of the artificial nest body 3 and facing the direction of the water flow. The sound insulation board 5 embedded in the upper baffle plate 4 can fully reduce the noise in the waterway to protect the hearing, reproductive ability, and immune ability of the fish, and can reduce the attraction of the waterway noise to the fish, thereby reducing the risks that the fish may face, etc. The bottom of the artificial nest body 3 is made of green concrete material, and green plants such as water plants can be planted on the bottom, which effectively purifies the water body and also provides a suitable place for the fish. The artificial nest 3 is embedded in the placement groove 2 as a whole, and only the upper baffle 4 and the nest entrance 6 protrude from the placement groove 2, which can reduce the impact of water flow on the artificial nest 3 to a certain extent, and at the same time reduce the space occupied by the artificial nest 3 underwater, ensuring that some large-displacement ships can pass through the canal waterway smoothly. The nest entrance 6 is opened in the lower half of the artificial nest 3 and is arc-shaped, which can attract the attention of fish and provide sufficient space for the entry of fish. The equipment ensures that some large-displacement ships can pass through the canal waterway smoothly, and at the same time, it can fully reduce the noise in the waterway to protect the hearing, reproductive ability and immunity of fish, and can reduce the attraction of waterway noise to fish, thereby reducing the risks that fish may face and improving the habitat conditions of aquatic organisms.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An artificial fish nest, characterized in that: Applied to waterways, including: There are multiple placement slots, all of which are opened on the waterfront of the channel dam and are located below the annual water level; and A fish nest assembly, wherein there are multiple fish nest assemblies, each of which comprises an artificial nest body, an upper baffle, a sound insulation board and a nest entrance. The artificial nest body is arranged in a placement groove, the nest entrance is opened at one side end of the artificial nest body, the upper baffle is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the nest entrance, and the sound insulation board is fixedly connected to the upper baffle.

2. The artificial fish nest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper baffle is provided with an inclined surface arranged along the direction of water flow, and a sound insulation board is attached to one side of the upper baffle close to the inner side of the artificial nest.

3. The artificial fish nest according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sound insulation panels are honeycomb panels made of polyurethane foam.

4. The artificial fish nest according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sound insulation board is a laminated board formed by stacking stainless steel plates, air films and honeycomb panels made of polyurethane foam plastics in sequence.

5. The artificial fish nest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The artificial nest is made of polypropylene material.

6. The artificial fish nest according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the placement groove is provided with a clamping groove, the artificial nest body is inserted into the placement groove and is clamped and fixed through the clamping groove, and the upper baffle plate and the nest entrance extend out of the placement groove.

7. The artificial fish nest according to claim 1, characterized in that: A swing groove is arranged on the lower edge wall of the nest entrance, and a swing plate is arranged in the swing groove, and the swing plate is a soft plate.

8. The artificial fish nest according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surfaces of the upper baffle and the swing plate facing the outside of the artificial nest are both provided with reflective sheets, the area of ​​the reflective sheet on the upper baffle is smaller than that of the upper baffle, and the area of ​​the reflective sheet on the swing plate is smaller than that of the swing plate.

9. An artificial fish nest according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A planting trough is provided at the lower end of the artificial nest. The planting trough is made of green concrete material and is used to plant aquatic plants.

10. The artificial fish nest according to claim 9, characterized in that: A noise monitor is installed in the artificial nest, which is used to identify and track underwater noise sources. The noise monitor is connected to external monitoring equipment for communication.

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