Closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method, device and equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method, a closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device, closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation equipment and a storage medium. The closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method comprises the steps of electroencephalogram signal acquisition, autoregression model construction and prediction, phase extraction, phase difference calculation and adjustment, AM signal generation and TIS stimulation signal generation. According to the method, future electroencephalogram signals can be predicted by using the autoregression model, the phase extraction technology is combined, the electrical stimulation signals are ensured to be synchronous with the specific phase of the target electroencephalogram activity, nerve regulation is performed on the generated stimulation signals in a TIS mode, overlapping of stimulation signal interference frequency bands and electroencephalogram signal frequency spectrums is effectively avoided, and the accuracy of the electroencephalogram activity is improved. Therefore, the space-time precision and the individualized regulation capability of nerve regulation are greatly improved. In addition, the TIS signal can noninvasively adjust the deep brain area, and a better brain area stimulation effect is achieved. The invention relates to a nerve regulation technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a neuromodulation technology, and in particular to a closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation system. Background Art

[0002] Neuromodulation technology has made significant progress in treating neurological diseases and enhancing cognitive function. Traditional neuromodulation methods, such as transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), rely on preset stimulation parameters to affect brain activity in a fixed manner. However, this "open-loop" stimulation method has limitations, mainly manifested in large individual differences in stimulation effects, low repeatability, and unintentional activation of non-target brain areas. These limitations hinder precise neuromodulation and limit its widespread clinical application.

[0003] Closed-loop neuromodulation technology effectively overcomes the shortcomings of traditional methods by monitoring neural activity in real time and dynamically adjusting stimulation parameters according to the individual's brain state. The closed-loop system can accurately lock the activity of specific brain areas through neural feedback, thereby improving the temporal and spatial accuracy of stimulation and enhancing the specificity and effectiveness of neuromodulation. This technology has shown great potential in many fields, especially in the treatment of neurological diseases such as depression, Parkinson's disease and epilepsy.

[0004] Among them, the technology that combines closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) with electroencephalography (EEG) has received widespread attention. By monitoring the brain's electrical activity in real time through EEG, the closed-loop system can accurately apply stimulation under specific brain states, thereby optimizing the treatment effect. However, a key challenge in the electrical stimulation process is that the electric field signal interferes with EEG recordings and affects the accurate monitoring of neural activity. This interference significantly reduces the accuracy of the closed-loop control system. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art to a certain extent, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method, device, equipment and storage medium, which can reduce the interference of stimulation artifacts on EEG signals and reconstruct high-quality EEG signals.

[0006] The first technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method comprises the following steps:

[0008] Collect EEG signals that last for a specific period of time to obtain EEG data;

[0009] The least squares method is used to construct an autoregressive model, analyze the collected EEG data, and give an EEG prediction signal; the prediction signal is subjected to Hilbert transform to obtain the instantaneous phase information θ of the signal. p (t);

[0010] Based on the phase of the predicted signal and the set target phase difference Δθ, the phase sequence θ of the stimulus envelope signal is calculated. b (t);

[0011] The envelope signal is multiplied by a high-frequency carrier signal to obtain an AM signal, and the AM signal is output through a pair of electrodes, thereby realizing a closed-loop AM-tACS;

[0012] The generated AM signal is subjected to product and difference transformation, decomposed into two TIS stimulation signals, and the two TIS signals are output respectively.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, before analyzing the collected EEG data, the collected EEG data is first bandpass filtered.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, before performing Hilbert transform on the prediction signal, the prediction signal is firstly bandpass filtered.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the envelope signal B(t)=sin[θ b (t)], the carrier signal

[0016] C(t)=cos[θ c (t)].

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the two TIS signals are respectively a first TIS signal and a second TIS signal, and the first TIS signal is: The second TIS signal is:

[0018] The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0019] A closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device, used to perform the above-mentioned closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method, comprising:

[0020] An EEG amplifier is used to collect EEG signals lasting a specific time to obtain EEG data;

[0021] An autoregressive model prediction module is used to analyze the collected EEG data and provide EEG prediction signals;

[0022] A phase extraction module, which is used to perform Hilbert transform on the predicted signal to obtain instantaneous phase information of the signal;

[0023] A phase difference calculation and adjustment module, which is used to calculate the phase sequence of the stimulus envelope signal;

[0024] An AM signal generation module is used to multiply the envelope signal with a high-frequency carrier signal to obtain an AM signal, and output the AM signal through a pair of electrodes to achieve a closed-loop AM-tACS;

[0025] The TIS stimulation signal generation module is used to perform product and difference transformation on the generated AM signal, decompose it into two TIS stimulation signals, and output the two TIS signals respectively.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present application, the closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device also includes a first bandpass filtering module, which is used to perform bandpass filtering on the collected EEG data.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present application, the closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device also includes a second bandpass filtering module, which is used to perform bandpass filtering on the prediction signal.

[0028] The third technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0029] An electronic device comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set or the instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method as described above.

[0030] The fourth technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0031] A computer-readable storage medium stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, wherein the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set or the instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method as described above.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] This method uses an autoregressive model to predict future EEG signals, and combines phase extraction technology to ensure that the electrical stimulation signal is synchronized with the specific phase of the target EEG activity, and uses the generated stimulation signal in a TIS manner for neural regulation, effectively avoiding the overlap of the stimulation signal interference frequency band and the EEG signal spectrum, thereby greatly improving the temporal and spatial accuracy of neural regulation and individualized regulation capabilities. Moreover, the TIS signal can non-invasively regulate deep brain regions and has a better brain region stimulation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention or the drawings of related technical solutions in the prior art are introduced below. It should be understood that the drawings introduced below are only for the convenience of clearly describing some embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 1 is a flowchart of the closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure markings: 101-first TIS signal terminal, 102-AM signal generating module, 103-second TIS signal terminal, 104-carrier signal, 105-envelope signal, 106-phase sequence, 107-target phase difference, 108-phase calculation module, 109-Hilbert transform module, 201-EEG amplifier, 202-first bandpass filter module, 203-autoregressive model, 204-prediction module, 205-second bandpass filter module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. For the step numbers in the following embodiments, they are only provided for the convenience of explanation, and the order between the steps is not limited in any way, and the execution order of each step in the embodiment can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S100. Collecting an EEG signal for a specific duration, for example, the EEG signal may be an F1 electrode signal, to obtain EEG data;

[0044] S200. Use the least square method to construct an autoregressive model (AR model), analyze the collected EEG data, and provide an EEG prediction signal;

[0045] S300. Perform Hilbert transform on the predicted signal to obtain the instantaneous phase information θ of the signal p (t);

[0046] S400. Based on the phase of the predicted signal and the set target phase difference Δθ (eg, 90 degrees), calculate the phase sequence θ of the stimulus envelope signal b (t);

[0047] S500. Multiplying the envelope signal with the high-frequency carrier signal to obtain an AM signal, and outputting the AM signal through a pair of electrodes to achieve closed-loop AM-tACS;

[0048] S600. Perform product and difference transformation on the generated AM signal, decompose it into two TIS stimulation signals, and output the two TIS signals separately, so as to achieve precise closed-loop electrical stimulation of specific brain regions or deep brain regions.

[0049] Among them, the AM signal is equivalent to the merger of two TIS signals, which can be regarded as a special form of TIS (two pairs of TIS electrodes in parallel). Therefore, outputting the signal through a pair of electrodes can realize closed-loop AM-tACS.

[0050] Furthermore, before analyzing the collected EEG data, the collected EEG data is first bandpass filtered. The filtering is performed here to eliminate the interference of electrical stimulation and polarization voltage on the EEG signal, limit the signal to the target frequency band, and remove electrical stimulation artifacts and polarization voltage.

[0051] Furthermore, before the predicted signal is subjected to Hilbert transform, the predicted signal is first subjected to bandpass filtering. The filtering is performed here to extract the EEG activity of the target frequency band (such as Theta rhythm), and the predicted EEG signal is again subjected to the bandpass filter to further focus on the EEG signal of the target frequency band.

[0052] Furthermore, the envelope signal is B(t)=sin[θ b (t)], the carrier signal is C(t) = cos[θ c (t)]. When the generated AM signal is subsequently subjected to product and difference transformation, the two TIS signals are respectively the first TIS signal and the second TIS signal, wherein the first TIS signal is: The second TIS signal is:

[0053] Specifically, the acquisition time of EEG signals is 2 to 4 seconds, which provides data samples of sufficient length for subsequent prediction analysis. The prediction signal given by the autoregressive model is the EEG activity signal of at least 1 second in the future.

[0054] This closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method uses TIS technology to generate high-frequency interference signals in vivo, which not only effectively reduces the interference of stimulation artifacts on EEG signals, but also has higher spatial specificity and depth selectivity, making the regulation of target brain areas more precise. This technology can ensure high-quality reconstruction of EEG signals, making the monitoring of EEG activity more accurate during the stimulation process, thereby improving the overall accuracy of the closed-loop control system. Moreover, TIS signals can non-invasively regulate deep brain areas and have better brain stimulation effects.

[0055] The collected EEG signals are modeled through an autoregressive model (AR model) and EEG data for the next 1 second or more is predicted. Compared with the traditional method that relies on the control strategy of real-time signals, the AR model can predict the future neural state in advance, thereby providing more sufficient data support for the generation of stimuli. This predictive ability makes the control more precise, reduces latency and enhances the responsiveness of the system.

[0056] This method generates a stimulation signal that matches the target phase difference based on the instantaneous phase of the EEG signal to achieve phase-specific neural regulation. For example, the system can accurately control the stimulation phase according to the set phase difference (such as 90 degrees) so that the electrical stimulation waveform and the EEG signal are synchronized or delayed at a specific phase relationship. This phase-specific regulation can enhance the regulatory effect on specific brain rhythms and is particularly suitable for precise regulation of specific brain regions and frequency bands.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Reference Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device, comprising:

[0059] An EEG amplifier 201 is used to collect EEG signals lasting a specific time to obtain EEG data;

[0060] An autoregressive model prediction module, which includes an autoregressive model 203 and a prediction module 204, is used to analyze the collected EEG data and provide an EEG prediction signal;

[0061] A phase extraction module, which includes a phase calculation module 108 and a Hilbert transform module 109, for performing a Hilbert transform on the predicted signal to obtain instantaneous phase information of the signal;

[0062] A phase difference calculation and adjustment module, which adjusts the envelope signal based on the target phase difference 107, and is used to calculate the phase sequence 106 of the stimulus envelope signal;

[0063] An AM signal generating module 102 is used to multiply the adjusted envelope signal 105 with the high frequency carrier signal 104 to obtain an AM signal, and output the AM signal through a pair of electrodes to realize a closed-loop AM-tACS;

[0064] The TIS stimulation signal generation module is used to perform product and difference transformation on the generated AM signal, decompose it into two TIS stimulation signals, and output the two TIS signals respectively through the first TIS signal terminal 101 and the second TIS signal terminal 103.

[0065] Furthermore, the closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device also includes a first bandpass filtering module 202, which is used to perform bandpass filtering on the collected EEG data.

[0066] Furthermore, the closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device also includes a second bandpass filtering module 205, which is used to perform bandpass filtering on the prediction signal.

[0067] The working process of this closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device is as follows:

[0068] After the EEG amplifier 201 collects and amplifies the EEG signal, it is band-pass filtered by the first band-pass filter module 202, and then the autoregressive model 203 and the prediction model 204 analyze the EEG data and give a prediction signal. The prediction signal enters the second band-pass filter module 205 for band-pass filtering and then enters the phase extraction module, and the signal is Hilbert transformed by the Hilbert transform module 109, and the instantaneous phase information θ is obtained after calculation by the phase calculation module 108. p (t).

[0069] The envelope signal is adjusted based on the target phase difference 107 to obtain a phase sequence 106, and finally an adjusted envelope signal 105 is obtained, which is B(t)=sin[θ b (t)] Introduce the carrier signal 104, which is C(t) = cos[θ c(t)], the envelope signal 105 and the carrier signal 104 are multiplied and input to the AM signal generation module 102. The AM signal generation module 102 is subjected to product and difference transformation to obtain a first TIS signal and a second TIS signal, respectively, wherein the first TIS signal is: The second TIS signal is: The first TIS signal and the second TIS signal are input to the first TIS signal terminal 101 and the second TIS signal terminal 103 respectively, completing signal output.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set or the instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the above-mentioned closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method.

[0072] It is understood that the memory may include a random access memory (RAM) or a read-only memory (ROM). Optionally, the memory includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory may be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function, instructions for implementing the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the server, etc.

[0073] The processor may include one or more processing cores. The processor uses various interfaces and lines to connect the various parts of the entire server, and executes various functions of the server and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory, and calling data stored in the memory. Optionally, the processor can be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal processing (DSP), field programmable gate array (FPGA), and programmable logic array (PLA). The processor can integrate one or a combination of a central processing unit (CPU) and a modem. Among them, the CPU mainly processes the operating system and application programs; the modem is used to process wireless communications. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem may not be integrated into the processor, but implemented separately through a chip.

[0074] Since the electronic device is an electronic device corresponding to a closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method of an embodiment of the present invention, and the principle of solving the problem by the electronic device is similar to that of the method, the implementation of the electronic device can refer to the implementation process of the above-mentioned method embodiment, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set. The at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set or the instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method.

[0077] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium includes a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a one-time programmable read-only memory (OTPROM), an electronically erasable rewritable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage, magnetic tape storage, or any other computer-readable medium that can be used to carry or store data.

[0078] Since the storage medium is a storage medium corresponding to a closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method of an embodiment of the present invention, and the principle of solving the problem by the storage medium is similar to that of the method, the implementation of the storage medium can refer to the implementation process of the above-mentioned method embodiment, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] In some possible implementations, various aspects of the method of the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes a program code, and when the program product is run on a computer device, the program code is used to cause the computer device to perform the steps of a closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method according to various exemplary embodiments of the present application described above in this specification. Among them, the executable computer program code or "code" for executing each embodiment can be written in a high-level programming language such as C, C++, C#, Smalltalk, Java, JavaScript, Visual Basic, structured query language (e.g., Transact-SQL), Perl, or in various other programming languages.

[0081] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0082] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0083] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable ordinary technicians in the field to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the essence of the content of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Collect EEG signals that last for a specific period of time to obtain EEG data; The least squares method is used to construct an autoregressive model, analyze the collected EEG data, and give an EEG prediction signal; the prediction signal is subjected to Hilbert transform to obtain the instantaneous phase information θ of the signal p (t); Based on the phase of the predicted signal and the set target phase difference Δθ, the phase sequence θ of the stimulus envelope signal is calculated. b (t); multiplying the envelope signal with the high-frequency carrier signal to obtain an AM signal, and outputting the AM signal through a pair of electrodes to achieve a closed-loop AM-tACS; The generated AM signal is subjected to product and difference transformation, decomposed into two TIS stimulation signals, and the two TIS signals are output respectively.

2. The closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before analyzing the collected EEG data, the collected EEG data are firstly subjected to bandpass filtering.

3. The closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before performing Hilbert transform on the prediction signal, the prediction signal is firstly subjected to bandpass filtering.

4. The closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The envelope signal B(t)=sin[θ b (t)], the carrier signal C(t) = cos[θ c (t)].

5. The closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two TIS signals are respectively a first TIS signal and a second TIS signal, wherein the first TIS signal is: The second TIS signal is:

6. A closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device for performing the closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: An EEG amplifier is used to collect EEG signals lasting a specific time to obtain EEG data; An autoregressive model prediction module is used to analyze the collected EEG data and provide EEG prediction signals; A phase extraction module, which is used to perform Hilbert transform on the predicted signal to obtain instantaneous phase information of the signal; A phase difference calculation and adjustment module, which is used to calculate the phase sequence of the stimulus envelope signal; An AM signal generation module is used to multiply the envelope signal with a high-frequency carrier signal to obtain an AM signal, and output the AM signal through a pair of electrodes to achieve a closed-loop AM-tACS; The TIS stimulation signal generation module is used to perform product and difference transformation on the generated AM signal, decompose it into two TIS stimulation signals, and output the two TIS signals respectively.

7. The closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device also includes a first bandpass filtering module, which is used to perform bandpass filtering on the collected EEG data.

8. The closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation device also includes a second bandpass filtering module, which is used to perform bandpass filtering on the prediction signal.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set or the instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set or the instruction set are loaded and executed by the processor to implement the closed-loop transcranial electrical stimulation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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