Eyeglass plate, method of manufacturing the same and engineering machine

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and discloses a spectacle plate, a preparation method thereof and engineering machinery. The spectacle plate comprises a spectacle plate base body, two spectacle holes symmetrically arranged, a wear-resistant plate arranged on the spectacle plate base body, two through holes corresponding to the two spectacle holes and adapted to the two spectacle holes, a wear-resistant layer assembly comprising a first wear-resistant layer and a second wear-resistant layer, the first wear-resistant layer extending from the inner peripheral wall of the through hole to the inner peripheral wall of the spectacle hole in the radial direction, and the second wear-resistant layer arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the spectacle hole in the circumferential direction. The first wear-resistant layer comprises hard alloy and diamond which are arranged in a laminated mode through chemical combination, the hard alloy is arranged on the side close to the inner peripheral wall of the through hole, the diamond is arranged on the side away from the inner peripheral wall of the through hole and has a plurality of sawteeth arranged in sequence. The spectacle plate of the application will not cause material falling due to virtual welding, the service life of the spectacle plate is greatly improved, and the replacement frequency of the spectacle plate is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a goggle plate, a preparation method thereof and engineering machinery. BACKGROUND

[0002] The goggle plate is a vulnerable part of the concrete pump. The S pipe drives the cutting ring to quickly cut the concrete column on the working surface of the goggle plate during pumping operation. The working surface and the surrounding of the through hole of the goggle plate bear a large friction force and shear impact. The service life of the goggle plate is an important indicator affecting the overall quality of the pumping equipment. Therefore, improving the service life of the goggle plate has always been the focus of engineering and technical personnel.

[0003] The goggle plate of the prior art usually includes a goggle plate body and a whole sealing plane. Two through holes are formed on the goggle plate body. The inner wall of the through hole of the goggle plate body is currently formed with a through hole hardfacing layer made of high chromium hardfacing material. The sealing plane is made of full alloy material. However, the wear resistance of such full alloy material is limited, which is not helpful for improving the wear resistance of the whole goggle plate. Therefore, the wear resistance of the current goggle plate still needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above defects or deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a goggle plate, a preparation method thereof and engineering machinery, which improves the wear resistance of the goggle plate.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a goggle plate, which comprises:

[0006] a goggle plate base body provided with two symmetrically arranged goggle holes;

[0007] a wear-resistant plate provided on the goggle plate base body, the wear-resistant plate being provided with two through holes corresponding to the two goggle holes; and

[0008] a wear-resistant layer assembly comprising a first wear-resistant layer and a second wear-resistant layer, the first wear-resistant layer extending from the inner circumferential wall of the through hole to the inner circumferential wall of the goggle hole in the radial direction, and the second wear-resistant layer being provided on the inner circumferential wall of the goggle hole in the circumferential direction.

[0009] The first wear-resistant layer comprises hard alloy and diamond formed by chemical bonding and arranged in layers, the hard alloy is arranged close to the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the diamond is arranged away from the inner circumferential wall of the through hole and has a plurality of sawteeth arranged in sequence; and the second wear-resistant layer is a high-chromium wear-resistant welding piece or an annular wear-resistant sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the width of the first wear-resistant layer in the axial direction within the through hole and the goggle hole is one fourth to one half of the total radial width of the inner circumferential walls of the through hole and the goggle hole.

[0011] Preferably, the sawtooth has a depth ranging from 0.5mm to 3mm.

[0012] Preferably, the first wear-resistant layer comprises a first arc-shaped segment and a second arc-shaped segment arranged circumferentially on both sides of the axis of the through hole, the arc length of the first arc-shaped segment is at least 11 / 18 of the half circumference of the through hole, and the arc length of the second arc-shaped segment is at least 7 / 18 of the half circumference of the through hole.

[0013] According to a preferred specific embodiment, the first arc-shaped segment and the second arc-shaped segment are sequentially connected end to end and cover the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the arc length of the first arc-shaped segment and the arc length of the second arc-shaped segment are both 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole.

[0014] According to another preferred specific embodiment, the first arc-shaped segment and the second arc-shaped segment are arranged circumferentially at intervals, the first arc-shaped segment and the second arc-shaped segment are respectively located on two semicircles of the through hole, the sum of the arc lengths of the first arc-shaped segment and the second arc-shaped segment is 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole, the first arc-shaped segments in the two through holes are symmetrically arranged, and the second arc-shaped segments in the two through holes are symmetrically arranged.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the first wear-resistant layer is 4mm to 8mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer is 2.5mm to 5mm.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness ratio of the hard alloy and the diamond is 0.68-2.5:1.

[0017] Preferably, the wear-resistant plate is made of a hard alloy material, the hard alloy is tungsten carbide alloy and / or titanium carbide alloy, and the tungsten carbide alloy and the titanium carbide alloy both satisfy that the steel content is 10wt%-70wt%, and the cobalt content is 3wt%-20wt%.

[0018] Preferably, the wear-resistant plate comprises two alloy rings and an alloy lining plate located between the two alloy rings, the alloy ring is provided with the through hole, the eyeglass plate base body surface is provided with a groove matched with the wear-resistant plate, the alloy ring and the alloy lining plate are embedded in the groove, and the wear-resistant plate protrudes outward from the outer surface of the eyeglass plate base body.

[0019] Preferably, the material of the annular wear-resistant sleeve is selected from at least one of high-chromium cast iron, ceramic and hard alloy with a steel content of 50wt%-90wt%.

[0020] The second aspect of the present application provides a preparation process of the eyeglass plate of the first aspect, and the preparation process comprises:

[0021] Milling the spectacle plate base to form a stepped surface and a groove on the inner peripheral wall of the spectacle hole;

[0022] Forming a second wear-resistant layer on the inner peripheral wall of the spectacle hole by welding or nesting;

[0023] Pressing the diamond onto the cemented carbide using a binder and sintering to obtain a first wear-resistant layer formed by cemented carbide and jagged diamond;

[0024] Embedding the wear-resistant plate and the first wear-resistant layer in the groove in turn and brazing.

[0025] Preferably, the step of embedding the wear-resistant plate and the first wear-resistant layer in the groove in turn and brazing includes:

[0026] Applying a layer of flux on the inner wall of the groove;

[0027] Laying a copper sheet in the groove;

[0028] Placing the wear-resistant plate on the copper sheet in the groove;

[0029] Attaching the first wear-resistant layer between the wear-resistant plate and the inner wall of the groove;

[0030] Brazing all the materials.

[0031] Preferably, the stepped surface includes a first axial section, a second axial section, and a radial section connecting between the first axial section and the second axial section, the groove is located on the side of the second axial section away from the spectacle hole, the thickness of the second axial section ranges from 2mm to 5mm, and the thickness of the radial section ranges from 2mm to 3mm.

[0032] Preferably, the binder is Co element and / or Ni element.

[0033] Preferably, the sintering process is carried out in an ammonia protective atmosphere under the conditions of heat preservation and pressure preservation, and the process parameters include: temperature of 1500℃ to 1700℃, heat preservation time of 2min to 4min, and pressure of 5GPa to 7GPa.

[0034] Preferably, the vacuum degree of brazing is 0.8×10 -3 Pa to 1.2×10 -3 Pa;

[0035] And / or, the brazing includes a preheating stage, a heating stage and a slow cooling stage in turn; wherein the conditions of the heating stage include: heating rate of 5-10℃ / min, final heating temperature of 950℃-1183℃, and heat preservation time of 10min-20min.

[0036] The third aspect of the present application provides an engineering machine comprising the spectacle plate of the first aspect.

[0037] By the above technical solution, the present application has at least the following advantages:

[0038] (1) The present application adopts hard alloy and sawtooth diamond as the material of the first wear-resistant layer, forms a double-layer structure by chemical bonding, and adopts high-chromium wear-resistant welding parts or annular wear-resistant sleeves to form the second wear-resistant layer, so that the wear-resistant layer assembly solves the problem of poor weldability of single diamond and the inability to be fixed on the spectacle plate, and the hard alloy base endows the double-layer structure with good impact toughness, which can resist the shear impact during the operation of the spectacle plate.

[0039] (2) In the preparation process of the present application, the double-layer structure formed by hard alloy and sawtooth diamond is fixed at the shear edge of the spectacle plate by brazing, which takes advantage of the super wear resistance and super cutting ability of diamond to resist the wear of the effective sealing area of the spectacle plate by concrete to the greatest extent. Compared with the high-chromium wear-resistant welding or pure hard alloy at the edge of the spectacle plate in the prior art, the double-layer structure can greatly improve the service life of the spectacle plate and reduce the replacement frequency of the spectacle plate.

[0040] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific embodiment part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is a front view of a preferred specific embodiment of the wear-resistant layer assembly in the spectacle plate provided by the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 is an A-A sectional view and an enlarged view of the wear-resistant layer assembly shown in the present application Figure 1

[0043] Figure 3 is a front view of another preferred specific embodiment of the wear-resistant layer assembly in the spectacle plate provided by the present application;

[0044] Figure 4 is a preparation process schematic diagram of the spectacle plate provided by the present application.

[0045] EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0046] 10, spectacle plate base 20, wear-resistant plate

[0047] 201, alloy ring 202, alloy lining plate

[0048] 30, wear-resistant layer assembly 301, first wear-resistant layer

[0049] ​3011 first arc segment 3012 second arc segment

[0050] 302 second wear-resistant layer 40 step surface

[0051] 401 first axial segment 402 second axial segment

[0052] 403 radial segment 50 groove

[0053] 501 L-shaped groove 502 sector-shaped groove DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The endpoints of the ranges and any values described herein are not limited to the precise values stated. The ranges and values should be construed to be approximations that allow for significant variation. It is noted that various ranges have been presented for values listed herein for purposes of streamlining the disclosure and these ranges are to be construed as having a minimum value of, for example, about the lower limit, and a maximum value of, for example, about the upper limit of the range. Thus, every range of values should be construed as having a minimum value of about the lower limit and a maximum value of about the upper limit of the range. The disclosure expressly includes that within the described ranges.

[0055] In the description of the application, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second", "I", "II" are used only for descriptive purposes and do not necessarily indicate or imply relative importance or a quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", "I", "II" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0056] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "nested", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrated; unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] In the description of the present application, the description with reference to the terms "preferably", "further preferably", "preferably in the case", "preferred embodiments", "in the first embodiment", "in the second embodiment" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0058] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4The structure shown in detail describes the preferred embodiment of the spectacle plate of the present application.

[0059] As described previously, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The first aspect of the present application provides a spectacle plate, comprising:

[0060] A spectacle plate base 10 is provided with two symmetrical spectacle holes;

[0061] A wear-resistant plate 20 is arranged on the spectacle plate base 10, and two through holes corresponding to the two spectacle holes are arranged on the wear-resistant plate 20; and

[0062] A wear-resistant layer assembly 30 includes a first wear-resistant layer 301 and a second wear-resistant layer 302, the first wear-resistant layer 301 extends from the inner circumferential wall of the through hole to the inner circumferential wall of the spectacle hole in the radial direction, and the second wear-resistant layer 302 is arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the spectacle hole in the circumferential direction.

[0063] The first wear-resistant layer 301 includes hard alloy and diamond arranged in layers by chemical bonding, the hard alloy is arranged close to the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the diamond is arranged away from the inner circumferential wall of the through hole and has a plurality of sawteeth arranged in sequence; and the second wear-resistant layer 302 is a high-chromium wear-resistant welding piece or an annular wear-resistant sleeve.

[0064] It should be noted that the first wear-resistant layer 301 extends from the inner circumferential wall of the through hole to the inner circumferential wall of the spectacle hole in the radial direction, which means that part of the first wear-resistant layer 301 is distributed on the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the other part is distributed on the inner circumferential wall of the spectacle hole.

[0065] The double-layer structure of diamond and hard alloy obtained by chemical bonding forms the first wear-resistant layer 301, and the high-chromium wear-resistant welding piece or the annular wear-resistant sleeve forms the second wear-resistant layer 302, which solves the problem of poor weldability of single diamond and the inability to fix it on the spectacle plate. At the same time, the hard alloy base endows the double-layer structure with good impact toughness, which can resist shear impact during the operation of the spectacle plate. Moreover, this scheme has low manufacturing cost, no virtual welding, convenient operation and easy implementation.

[0066] In order to save material cost, preferably, the spectacle plate base 10 is made of carbon steel, the carbon steel satisfies that the carbon content is 0.1wt%-0.4wt%, the manganese content is 0.5wt%-2wt%, and the carbon steel is selected from at least one of Q235 carbon steel, Q345 carbon steel and 35 carbon steel.

[0067] The thickness of the artificial diamond commonly available in the market is within 5 mm, and the length is within 25 mm. Preferably, the first wear-resistant layer 301 in the present application is spliced by circular arc segments with an arc length of 15-25 mm. In this preferred case, the impact force during the operation of the lens plate can be better dispersed.

[0068] During brazing, the workpiece is placed horizontally, and the welding surface of the double-layer structure formed by the hard alloy and the diamond is vertical welding. Therefore, in order to avoid causing a large amount of false welding and resulting in the material falling off from the inner wall of the through hole, and to reduce the cost, preferably, the first wear-resistant layer 301 has a width of one-fourth to one-half of the total radial width of the inner wall of the through hole and the lens hole in the axial direction.

[0069] Preferably, the depth of the sawtooth is in the range of 0.5-3 mm, and preferably 0.5-1.5 mm. In this preferred case, the surface structure of the diamond can make the cutting edge not only wear-resistant but also more sharp; when hard aggregate is brought into the impact collision of the lens plate cutting edge during the shearing operation between the plate rings, the diamond can easily crush the hard aggregate; thus, the lens plate edge structure has a strong pre-protection effect on the wear-resistant plate 20 of the lens plate, and the wear and damage of the sealing surface are maximally delayed.

[0070] Preferably, the first wear-resistant layer 301 includes a first arc segment 3011 and a second arc segment 3012 arranged in the circumferential direction and distributed on both sides of the axis of the through hole, the arc length of the first arc segment 3011 is at least one-eighteenth of the half circumference of the through hole, and the arc length of the second arc segment 3012 is at least one-eighteenth of the half circumference of the through hole.

[0071] Through analysis of a large number of failed lens plates, the most easily worn areas of the lens plate are distributed near both sides of the circular arc line along the movement trajectory O1O2 of the cutting ring. Therefore, in order to improve the wear performance near O1O2, the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 are arranged to cover the inner wall of the through hole.

[0072] In the first embodiment, the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 are sequentially connected end to end and cover the inner wall of the through hole, and the arc length of the first arc segment 3011 and the arc length of the second arc segment 3012 are both 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole.

[0073] In the second embodiment, the first arc-shaped section 3011 and the second arc-shaped section 3012 are arranged in a circumferential interval, the first arc-shaped section 3011 and the second arc-shaped section 3012 are respectively located on two semicircles of the through hole, the arc length sum of the first arc-shaped section 3011 and the second arc-shaped section 3012 is 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole, the first arc-shaped section 3011 in the two through holes is arranged symmetrically, and the second arc-shaped section 3012 in the two through holes is arranged symmetrically.

[0074] As shown in Figure 3 , when the cutting ring swings to the left side direction, the left outer circular surface of the cutting ring will cause strong impact on the AB section of the concrete and the lens plate, and when the cutting ring swings to the right, the left inner circular surface of the cutting ring will cause strong impact on the CD section of the concrete and the lens plate, and the EF and GH sections are the same working conditions. Therefore, the four places of the lens plate are the most serious erosion, and the material wear of the four places of the lens plate is the most serious when the lens plate finally fails. In order to prolong the service life of the lens plate and reduce the cost as much as possible, further preferably, the first arc-shaped section 3011 is located at the left side position in the left side through hole as shown in Figure 3 , and the first arc-shaped section 3011 is located at the right side position in the right side through hole; for the left side through hole, the first arc-shaped section 3011 and O1A and O1B form a sector structure, wherein the included angles of O1A and O1B with the horizontal line are respectively 80-90° and 20-30°; the second arc-shaped section 3012 is located at the right side position of the left side through hole and the left side position of the right side through hole; for the left side through hole, the second arc-shaped section 3012 and O1C and O1D form a sector structure, and the included angles of O1C and O1D with the horizontal line are respectively 30-40° and 40-50°. Similarly, the arc range of the first arc-shaped section 3011 and the second arc-shaped section 3012 in the right side through hole is the same as that of the arc-shaped section of the left side through hole, and the positions of the arc-shaped sections in the left and right through holes are symmetrically arranged.

[0075] If the first wear-resistant layer 301 is too thick, it will be too brittle and break, and if the second wear-resistant layer 302 is too thick, it will cause excess life of the surfacing layer, therefore, preferably, the thickness of the first wear-resistant layer 301 is 4mm-8mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer 302 is 2.5mm-5mm.

[0076] The thickness of the artificial diamond on the market is usually less than 5 mm, and in order to balance the wear resistance of the eyeglass plate and the cost of the diamond, preferably, the ratio of the thickness of the hard alloy to the thickness of the diamond is 0.68-2.5:1, and more preferably 1:1. Preferably, the wear-resistant plate 20 is made of a hard alloy material, and the hard alloy is tungsten carbide alloy and / or titanium carbide alloy; wherein the tungsten carbide alloy and the titanium carbide alloy both satisfy that the steel content is 10wt%-70wt%, and the cobalt content is 3wt%-20wt%. Among them, cobalt mainly acts as a binder in the alloy, and during the high-temperature sintering process, Co in the hard alloy diffuses and penetrates into the diamond layer, so that WC-Co-D or Ti-Co-D chemical bonding is generated at the interface between the substrate and the diamond layer. The double-layer structure sintered in this way has good impact toughness due to the hard alloy; in addition, relying on the hard alloy substrate, the diamond can be fixed together with the eyeglass plate substrate 10 and the wear-resistant plate 20 through brazing.

[0077] Preferably, the wear-resistant plate 20 includes two alloy rings 201 and an alloy lining plate 202 located between the two alloy rings 201, the alloy rings 201 are provided with through holes, the surface of the eyeglass plate substrate 10 is provided with a groove 50 matched with the wear-resistant plate 20, the alloy rings 201 and the alloy lining plate 202 are embedded in the groove 50, and the wear-resistant plate 20 protrudes outward from the outer surface of the eyeglass plate substrate 10, so that the cutting ring can only be attached to the wear-resistant plate 20 of the eyeglass plate during the pumping operation, and the eyeglass plate substrate 10 is prevented from being damaged.

[0078] Preferably, the height of the alloy ring 201 protruding outward from the outer surface of the eyeglass plate substrate 10 is 2mm-3mm.

[0079] Preferably, the thickness of the wear-resistant plate 20 is 4mm-8mm.

[0080] Preferably, the material of the annular wear-resistant sleeve is selected from at least one of high-chromium cast iron, ceramic, and hard alloy with a steel content of 50wt%-90wt%; wherein the annular wear-resistant sleeve is sealingly attached to the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole, so as to improve the wear resistance and stability of the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole.

[0081] As described above, the second aspect of the present application provides a preparation process of the eyeglass plate of the first aspect, and the preparation process includes:

[0082] Milling the eyeglass plate substrate 10 to form a stepped surface 40 and a groove 50 on the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole;

[0083] Forming a second wear-resistant layer 302 on the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole by means of surfacing or nesting.

[0084] Diamond is pressed onto cemented carbide using a binder and sintered to obtain a first wear-resistant layer 301 formed of cemented carbide and serrated diamond.

[0085] The wear-resistant plate 20 and the first wear-resistant layer 301 are sequentially embedded in the groove 50 and brazed.

[0086] Preferably, the step of sequentially embedding the wear-resistant plate 20 and the first wear-resistant layer 301 in the groove 50 and brazing them comprises:

[0087] Applying a layer of flux on the inner wall of the groove 50;

[0088] Laying a copper soldering sheet in the groove 50;

[0089] placing the wear-resistant plate 20 on the brazing sheet in the groove 50;

[0090] Laminating the first wear-resistant layer 301 between the wear-resistant plate 20 and the inner wall of the groove 50;

[0091] All the above materials are fixed by brazing.

[0092] Preferably, the stepped surface 40 includes a first axial segment 401, a second axial segment 402, and a radial segment 403 connecting the first and second axial segments 401, 402. The groove 50 is located on the side of the second axial segment 402 facing away from the eyeglass aperture. The thickness of the second axial segment 402 ranges from 2mm to 5mm, and the thickness of the radial segment 403 ranges from 2mm to 3mm. In this preferred embodiment, firstly, the arc-shaped cemented carbide and serrated diamond double-layer structure can be positioned. Secondly, because the workpiece is positioned horizontally during brazing, the double-layer structure is welded vertically, preventing the liquid brazing material from flowing away vertically. This structural design ensures a 100% brazing rate on all welded surfaces, eliminating the possibility of cold welds.

[0093] In the preparation process of the present invention, the second axial section 402 reserved at the bottom of the groove 50 and the first axial section 401 reserved on the inner side before brazing serve to limit and fix the double-layer structure; at the same time, the brazing material is prevented from flowing away from the vertical surface to be welded during the brazing process, thereby ensuring that all brazing surfaces of the eyeglass plate achieve a 100% brazing rate, thereby ensuring that the eyeglass plate will not experience alloy shedding due to the existence of cold welds during use.

[0094] Preferably, in order to better press the diamond on the cemented carbide substrate, the sintering process is carried out under the condition of ammonia protection atmosphere, holding pressure and temperature, and the process parameters include: temperature of 1500-1700℃, holding time of 2-4min, and pressure of 5-7GPa.

[0095] According to a preferred embodiment, the binder is Co element and / or Ni element. For example, when the binder is Co element, Co in the cemented carbide diffuses and penetrates into the diamond layer during high-temperature sintering, so that WC-Co-D or Ti-Co-D chemical combination is generated at the interface between the substrate and the diamond layer. The double-layer structure material sintered in this way has good impact toughness due to the cemented carbide; in addition, the diamond can be fixed together with the spectacle plate substrate 10 and the wear-resistant plate 20 through brazing relying on the cemented carbide substrate.

[0096] Preferably, the thickness of the copper welding sheet is 0.5-2mm, preferably 1-1.5mm. In this preferred case, full welding of the bottom of the welding surface can be ensured, and waste of solder can be avoided.

[0097] Preferably, the vacuum degree of the brazing is 0.8x10 -3 Pa-1.2x10 -3 Pa, which can ensure that the entire spectacle plate is not oxidized by air and achieve good brazing effect.

[0098] In order to achieve good brazing quality, preferably, the brazing includes a preheating stage, a heating stage and a slow cooling stage in sequence; wherein the conditions of the heating stage include: heating rate of 5-10℃ / min, final heating temperature of 950-1183℃, and holding time of 10-20min.

[0099] In order to improve the flatness and aesthetics of the spectacle plate, preferably, the preparation process further includes post-processing of the entire spectacle plate, and the post-processing includes correction, surface grinding and finishing.

[0100] As Figure 4 shown, according to a particularly preferred embodiment, the preparation process includes the following steps from left to right:

[0101] S1: body processing

[0102] The eyeglass plate blank is formed into an outline and two eyeglass holes by flame cutting, and a machining allowance is reserved on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass holes to obtain the eyeglass plate base body 10; the eyeglass plate base body 10 is milled to form a stepped surface 40 on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole and a groove 50 on the surface of the eyeglass plate base body 10; the stepped surface 40 comprises a first axial section 401, a second axial section 402 and a radial section 403 connected between the first axial section 401 and the second axial section 402, the groove 50 is located on the side of the second axial section 402 away from the eyeglass hole, the thickness of the second axial section 402 ranges from 2mm to 5mm, and the thickness of the radial section 403 ranges from 2mm to 3mm; the groove 50 comprises an L-shaped groove 501 and a sector-shaped groove 502 which are in communication with each other.

[0103] S2: Forming a build-up wear-resistant layer or assembling a wear-resistant sleeve

[0104] A layer of high-chromium wear-resistant welding is built up on the first axial section 401, or a ring-shaped wear-resistant sleeve is sleeved, to form a second wear-resistant layer 302.

[0105] S3: Preparing a double-layer structure of hard alloy and diamond

[0106] The diamond is pressed on the hard alloy by using a binder, and sintering treatment is performed under the condition of ammonia protection atmosphere and heat preservation and pressure preservation, to form a first wear-resistant layer 301;

[0107] S4: Pre-welding assembly

[0108] A layer of flux is applied on the inner wall of the groove 50, then a layer of 0.5mm-2mm thick copper welding sheet is laid flat in the groove 50, the two alloy rings 201 are embedded on the copper welding sheet in the L-shaped groove 501, and the alloy backing plate 202 is embedded on the copper welding sheet in the sector-shaped groove 502, the two alloy rings 201 and the alloy backing plate 202 form the wear-resistant plate 20; finally, the arc-shaped first wear-resistant layer 301 is attached between the wear-resistant plate 20 and the inner wall of the groove 50.

[0109] S5: Brazing

[0110] All the above materials are brazed and fixed.

[0111] S6: Post-processing of the entire eyeglass plate

[0112] Correcting and rough grinding: the body surface of the brazed eyeglass plate is corrected, and then the wear-resistant plate 20 is rough ground by using a silicon carbide grinding wheel.

[0113] Body finishing: taking the wear plate 20 as a reference surface, all machining of the bolt hole, dovetail groove and sealing groove of the spectacle plate is completed, and at this time the second axial section 402 is milled away synchronously.

[0114] Fine grinding: the two surfaces of the spectacle plate are fine ground to the designed thickness and flatness.

[0115] In the preferred case, the technical scheme of the present application can make the spectacle plate have good impact resistance and wear resistance on the premise of high practicality and low manufacturing cost.

[0116] As described above, the third aspect of the present application provides an engineering machine comprising the spectacle plate of the first aspect. Wherein, the engineering machine can be a concrete pump truck, a vehicle-mounted pump or a trailer pump.

[0117] The present application will be described in detail below by examples. In the following examples, the various raw materials used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0118] Q235 carbon steel: the carbon content is 0.2wt%, and the manganese content is 1.0wt%; purchased from Hunan Hualing Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd.

[0119] Q345 carbon steel: the carbon content is 0.18wt%, and the manganese content is 1.3wt%; purchased from Hunan Hualing Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd.

[0120] 35 carbon steel: the carbon content is 0.35wt%, and the manganese content is 0.6wt%; purchased from Hunan Hualing Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd.

[0121] Pure tungsten carbide alloy: the cobalt content is 15wt%; purchased from Zhuzhou Jingwuhuan Hard Alloy Co., Ltd.

[0122] Pure titanium carbide alloy: the cobalt content is 14wt%; purchased from Zhuzhou Jingwuhuan Hard Alloy Co., Ltd.

[0123] Steel-bonded tungsten carbide alloy: the steel content is 50wt%, and the cobalt content is 4wt%; purchased from Zhuzhou Jingwuhuan Hard Alloy Co., Ltd.

[0124] Binder: Co element, purchased from Jiangtong Holdings Group Co., Ltd.

[0125] In the following examples, the preparation process provided by the present application is as follows:

[0126] S1: body machining

[0127] The eyeglass plate blank is formed into an outline and two eyeglass holes by flame cutting to obtain an eyeglass plate base body 10 with a total thickness of 40 mm; the eyeglass plate base body 10 is milled to form a stepped surface 40 on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole and a groove 50 on the surface of the eyeglass plate base body 10; the stepped surface 40 comprises a first axial section 401, a second axial section 402 and a radial section 403 connected between the first axial section 401 and the second axial section 402, wherein the groove 50 is located on the side of the second axial section 402 away from the eyeglass hole, the thickness of the second axial section 402 is 4 mm, and the thickness of the radial section 403 is 2 mm; the groove 50 comprises an L-shaped groove 501 and a sector-shaped groove 502.

[0128] S2: The first axial section 401 is built up with a high-chromium wear-resistant welding wire to form a second wear-resistant layer 302 on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole.

[0129] S3: The diamond is pressed on the cemented carbide by using a binder, and sintering treatment is performed under the conditions of ammonia protective atmosphere, heat preservation and pressure preservation (temperature is 1600℃, heat preservation time is 3 min, and pressure is 6GPa) to obtain a double-layer structure formed by the cemented carbide and the sawtooth-shaped diamond, thereby forming the first wear-resistant layer 301.

[0130] S4: Assembly before welding

[0131] A layer of flux is applied to the inner wall of the groove 50, then a layer of sheet-shaped copper brazing sheet with a thickness of 1 mm is laid flat in the groove 50, the two alloy rings 201 are embedded on the copper brazing sheet in the L-shaped groove 501, the alloy backing plate 202 is embedded on the copper brazing sheet in the sector-shaped groove 502, and finally the first wear-resistant layer 301 with a circular arc segment shape with an arc length of 20 mm is attached between the wear-resistant plate 20 and the inner wall of the groove 50.

[0132] S5: Brazing

[0133] All the assembled materials are placed in a brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, and the furnace is cooled to room temperature before being discharged. During the brazing process, when the copper brazing sheet at the bottom of the groove 50 reaches the melting point, the copper brazing liquid will spread over all the cemented carbide bottoms and overflow the groove 50 where the double-layer structure is located, thereby completing the brazing between all the contact surfaces to form the first wear-resistant layer 301 on the inner peripheral wall of the through hole and the eyeglass hole.

[0134] The vacuum degree of the brazing is 1.0×10 -3 Pa. The brazing includes a preheating stage, a heating stage and a slow cooling stage in sequence; the conditions of the heating stage include: the heating rate is 8℃ / min, the final heating temperature is 1000℃, and the holding time is 15 min.

[0135] S6: Post-treatment of the entire eyeglass plate

[0136] Correcting and rough grinding: the body surface of the brazed spectacle plate is corrected to within 0.3mm, then the body surface is downward on the surface grinder, and the wear-resistant plate 20 is rough ground by using a silicon carbide grinding wheel, and more than 95% of the whole surface is ground.

[0137] Body finishing: taking the wear-resistant plate 20 as a reference surface, all machining of bolt holes, dovetail grooves, sealing grooves and the like of the spectacle plate is completed according to design requirements, at this time the second axial section 402 is simultaneously milled off.

[0138] Fine grinding: the two surfaces of the spectacle plate are fine ground to the thickness and flatness required by the design on the surface grinder.

[0139] Example 1

[0140] In step S1, the spectacle plate blank material of the spectacle plate base body 10 is selected to be Q235 carbon steel;

[0141] In step S2, the welding layer thickness of the second wear-resistant layer 302 is 4mm;

[0142] In step S3, the hard alloy is pure tungsten carbide alloy, and the thickness is 3mm; the thickness of the diamond is 3mm, and the surface thereof is made into a plurality of sawteeth arranged in sequence, and the depth of the sawteeth is 1mm;

[0143] In step S4, the two alloy rings 201 and the alloy lining plate 202 are both made of pure tungsten carbide alloy, and the thickness is 6mm;

[0144] The first wear-resistant layer 301 has a width of 15mm along the axial direction in the through hole and the spectacle hole, and a total thickness of 6mm; the first wear-resistant layer 301 includes a first arc-shaped section 3011 and a second arc-shaped section 3012 arranged in the circumferential direction on both sides of the axial line of the through hole, the first arc-shaped section 3011 and the second arc-shaped section 3012 are sequentially connected end to end and cover the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the arc length of the first arc-shaped section 3011 and the arc length of the second arc-shaped section 3012 are both 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole.

[0145] The spectacle plate of the present embodiment has been used in the Fujian and Guangdong regions with very poor material conditions for industrial evaluation, and the amount of use exceeds 100,000 cubic meters, and in regions with good material conditions, it reaches more than 200,000 cubic meters.

[0146] Example 2

[0147] In step S1, the spectacle plate blank material of the spectacle plate base body 10 is selected to be 35 carbon steel;

[0148] In step S2, the welding layer thickness of the second wear-resistant layer 302 is 3mm;

[0149] In step S3, the hard alloy is pure titanium carbide alloy, and the thickness is 3mm; the thickness of the diamond is 2mm, and the surface thereof is not specially treated, being a smooth surface;

[0150] In step S4, the two alloy rings 201 and the alloy backing plate 202 are made of pure tungsten carbide alloy, and the thickness is 4mm;

[0151] The first wear-resistant layer 301 has a width of 10mm and a total thickness of 5mm in the axial direction inside the through hole and the eyeglass hole; the first wear-resistant layer 301 includes a first arc-shaped section 3011 and a second arc-shaped section 3012 arranged in the circumferential direction and distributed on both sides of the axis of the through hole, the first arc-shaped section 3011 and the second arc-shaped section 3012 are sequentially connected end to end and cover the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the arc length of the first arc-shaped section 3011 and the arc length of the second arc-shaped section 3012 are each 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole.

[0152] The eyeglass plate of the embodiment has been used in an industrial test in Fujian and Guangdong regions with very poor material conditions, and the amount of use exceeds 80,000 cubic meters or more, and in regions with good material conditions, it reaches 160,000 cubic meters or more.

[0153] Example 3

[0154] In step S1, the eyeglass plate blank material of the eyeglass plate base body 10 is Q345 carbon steel;

[0155] In step S2, the welding layer thickness of the second wear-resistant layer 302 is 3mm;

[0156] In step S3, the hard alloy is pure tungsten carbide alloy, and the thickness is 2mm; the thickness of the diamond is 2mm, and a plurality of sawteeth are arranged on the surface of the diamond in sequence, and the depth of the sawteeth is 0.5mm;

[0157] In step S4, the two alloy rings 201 and the alloy backing plate 202 are made of steel-bonded tungsten carbide alloy, and the thickness is 4mm;

[0158] The first wear-resistant layer 301 has a width of 10mm and a total thickness of 4mm in the axial direction inside the through hole and the eyeglass hole;

[0159] The first wear-resistant layer 301 includes a first arc-shaped section 3011 and a second arc-shaped section 3012 arranged in the circumferential direction and distributed on both sides of the axis of the through hole, the arc length of the first arc-shaped section 3011 is 11 / 18 of the half circumference of the through hole, the arc length of the second arc-shaped section 3012 is 7 / 18 of the half circumference of the through hole, the first arc-shaped sections 3011 in the two through holes are symmetrically arranged, and the second arc-shaped sections 3012 in the two through holes are symmetrically arranged;

[0160] The first arc segment 3011 is located at a left position in the left-side through hole and at a right position in the right-side through hole; for the left-side through hole, the first arc segment 3011 and O1A, O1B form a sector structure, wherein the included angles of O1A and O1B with the horizontal line are 90° and 20° respectively; the second arc segment 3012 is located at a right position in the left-side through hole and at a left position in the right-side through hole; for the left-side through hole, the second arc segment 3012 and O1C, O1D form a sector structure, wherein the included angles of O1C and O1D with the horizontal line are 30° and 40° respectively. Similarly, the arc range of the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 in the right-side through hole is the same as that of the left-side through hole, and the arc segments in the left-side and right-side through holes are arranged symmetrically.

[0161] In addition to the above four arc segment regions, the other regions of the first wear-resistant layer 301 are all formed by high-chromium welding wire surfacing, and the welding layer thickness is 3 mm.

[0162] The glass plate of the embodiment has been used in industrial tests in Fujian and Guangdong regions with poor material conditions, and the amount of use is more than 75,000 cubic meters, and in regions with good material conditions, the amount of use is about 150,000 cubic meters.

[0163] Example 4

[0164] The glass plate is prepared according to the preparation process of Example 2, except that in step S3, the hard alloy is steel-bonded tungsten carbide alloy; and in step S4, the two alloy rings 201 and the alloy backing plate 202 are both made of steel-bonded tungsten carbide alloy.

[0165] The glass plate of the embodiment has been used in industrial tests in Fujian and Guangdong regions with poor material conditions, and the amount of use is more than 75,000 cubic meters, and in regions with good material conditions, the amount of use is about 150,000 cubic meters.

[0166] Comparative Example 1

[0167] The glass plate is prepared according to the preparation process of Example 1, except that the second wear-resistant layer 302 is not formed, and a double-layer structure formed by hard alloy and diamond is used for brazing on the inner peripheral wall of the through hole and the eyeglass hole to form the first wear-resistant layer 301 entirely; the width of the first wear-resistant layer 301 in the axial direction in the through hole and the eyeglass hole is the total radial width of the inner peripheral wall of the through hole and the eyeglass hole. In addition, the entire wear-resistant plate 20 is also formed by a double-layer structure formed by hard alloy and diamond, and is brazed and fixed with the glass plate substrate 10.

[0168] Such a structure of the glass plate results in high cost. In addition, since the double-layer structure formed by hard alloy and jagged diamond is used entirely on the inner peripheral wall, and the process is similar to that of using hard alloy entirely, the radial width value of the vertical brazing surface is large, it is difficult to ensure the brazing rate, and false welding is prone to occur.

[0169] The glasses plate of the present comparative example has an industrial use amount of about 6 million square meters in the poor material condition areas of Fujian and Guangdong, and about 10 million square meters in the good material condition areas.

[0170] From the above results, it can be seen that the present application adopts hard alloy and diamond formed by chemical combination to form a laminated structure, and adopts a brazing method to fix the double-layer structure on the glasses plate substrate to form a first wear-resistant layer, and adopts a high-chromium wear-resistant welding piece to form a second wear-resistant layer, which solves the problem of poor welding of single diamond and the inability to fix it on the glasses plate. At the same time, the hard alloy base endows the double-layer structure with good impact toughness, which can resist the shear impact during the operation of the glasses plate, and the diamond also has super wear resistance and super cutting ability, which can resist the wear of the effective sealing area of the glasses plate by concrete to the greatest extent.

[0171] In summary, the glasses plate of the present application will not have material falling off due to the existence of virtual welding, which greatly improves the service life of the glasses plate and reduces the replacement frequency of the glasses plate. In addition, only the double-layer structure formed by hard alloy and diamond is used at the shear blade edge, which has a lower cost than the full alloy or full double-layer structure.

[0172] The above describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present application, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as disclosed by the present application and belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An eyeglass plate, characterized by The eyeglass plate comprises: an eyeglass plate base (10) provided with two symmetrically arranged eyeglass holes; a wear-resistant plate (20) provided on the eyeglass plate base (10), the wear-resistant plate (20) being provided with two through holes corresponding to the two eyeglass holes; a wear-resistant layer assembly (30) comprising a first wear-resistant layer (301) and a second wear-resistant layer (302), the first wear-resistant layer (301) extending from the inner circumferential wall of the through hole to the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole in the radial direction, and the second wear-resistant layer (302) being provided on the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole in the circumferential direction; wherein the first wear-resistant layer (301) comprises hard alloy and diamond formed by chemical combination and arranged in layers, the hard alloy is close to the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the diamond is provided away from the inner circumferential wall of the through hole and has a plurality of sawteeth arranged in sequence; and the second wear-resistant layer (302) is a high-chromium wear-resistant welded part or an annular wear-resistant sleeve.

2. The eyewear plate of claim 1, wherein, The width of the first wear-resistant layer (301) in the axial direction within the through hole and the eyeglass hole is one fourth to one half of the total radial width of the inner circumferential walls of the through hole and the eyeglass hole.

3. The eyewear plate of claim 1, wherein, The first wear-resistant layer (301) comprises a first arc-shaped segment (3011) and a second arc-shaped segment (3012) arranged in the circumferential direction and distributed on both sides of the axis of the through hole, the arc length of the first arc-shaped segment (3011) is at least one eighteenth of the half circumference of the through hole, and the arc length of the second arc-shaped segment (3012) is at least one eighteenth of the half circumference of the through hole.

4. The eyewear plate of any of claims 1-3, wherein, The thickness of the first wear-resistant layer (301) is 4mm-8mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer (302) is 2.5mm-5mm. The ratio of the thicknesses of the hard alloy and the diamond is 0.68-2.5:

1.

5. The spectacle plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The wear-resistant plate (20) is made of hard alloy material, the hard alloy is tungsten carbide alloy and / or titanium carbide alloy, and the tungsten carbide alloy and the titanium carbide alloy both satisfy that the steel content is 10wt%-70wt%, and the cobalt content is 3wt%-20wt%.

6. The eyewear plate of any of claims 1-3, wherein, The wear-resistant plate (20) comprises two alloy rings (201) and an alloy lining plate (202) between the two alloy rings (201), the alloy rings (201) are provided with the through holes, the surface of the eyeglass plate base (10) is provided with a groove (50) corresponding to the wear-resistant plate (20), the alloy rings (201) and the alloy lining plate (202) are embedded in the groove (50), and the wear-resistant plate (20) protrudes outward from the outer surface of the eyeglass plate base (10).

7. A process for the production of the eyeglass plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The preparation process comprises: milling the eyeglass plate base (10) to form a stepped surface (40) and a groove (50) on the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole; forming the second wear-resistant layer (302) on the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole by means of surfacing or nesting; pressing the diamond on the hard alloy by using a bonding agent and performing sintering treatment to obtain the first wear-resistant layer (301) formed by the hard alloy and the sawtooth-shaped diamond; and The wear-resistant plate (20) and the first wear-resistant layer (301) are sequentially embedded in the groove (50) and brazed.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The stepped surface (40) comprises a first axial section (401), a second axial section (402), and a radial section (403) connected between the first axial section (401) and the second axial section (402), the groove (50) is located on the side of the second axial section (402) away from the eyeglass hole, the thickness of the second axial section (402) ranges from 2mm to 5mm, and the thickness of the radial section (403) ranges from 2mm to 3mm.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The binder is Co element and / or Ni element; The sintering treatment is performed under the conditions of ammonia protection atmosphere and pressure preservation, and the process parameters include: temperature of 1500-1700℃, holding time of 2-4min, and pressure of 5-7GPa. And / or, the vacuum degree of the brazing is 0.8x10 -3 Pa~1.2x10 -3 Pa; The brazing comprises a preheating stage, a heating stage and a slow cooling stage which are sequentially performed, and the conditions of the heating stage include: heating rate of 5-10℃ / min, final heating temperature of 950-1183℃, and holding time of 10-20min.

10. A working machine, characterized in that The engineering machinery comprises the eyeglass plate according to any one of claims 1-6.

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