Disassembly and assembly device for coupler buffer of rail vehicle

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of track vehicle disassembly and assembly equipment, and particularly relates to a disassembly and assembly device for a coupler buffer of a track vehicle, which comprises a top plate, an elastic arm plate mechanism and an electromagnetic lock mechanism. Column holes and groove holes corresponding to the support blocks are provided on the top plate. A protruding column body matching the column hole and a side plate matching the groove hole are formed on the support block. The two ends of a spring arranged in the column hole are matched with an end cover and the protruding column body. The elastic arm plate mechanism comprises an elastically deformable arm plate. The electromagnetic lock mechanism comprises an electromagnetic lock body fixed on the top plate and an iron plate part fixed on the side plate. The lower end of the elastically deformable arm plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the side plate, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the top plate, and can apply a vertical force to the side plate. A sensing member capable of generating a change in physical quantity along with the elastic deformation of the elastically deformable arm plate is provided on the elastically deformable arm plate. The present invention can reduce the impact strength between the support block and the coupler buffer, and can effectively inhibit the occurrence of excessive deformation of the top plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of disassembly and assembly machinery for rail vehicles, and particularly to a disassembly and assembly device for a coupler buffer of a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The coupler buffer device, or coupler buffer, is a vehicle connection component used to connect vehicles to each other, locomotives or multiple units, transmit traction force, braking force and buffer longitudinal impact force, and is composed of parts such as a coupler, a buffer, and a coupler yoke. In view of the important role played by the coupler buffer device in aspects such as train operation safety and braking safety, it is required to regularly overhaul the coupler buffer device. Before the overhaul, the coupler buffer device needs to be removed from the bottom of the vehicle body of the rail vehicle, and after the overhaul is completed, the coupler buffer device is reinstalled on the vehicle body. Between the coupler buffer device and the vehicle body, they are mostly fixedly connected through a coupler support beam, a coupler yoke support plate and a safety support plate. Moreover, the coupler support beam, the coupler yoke support plate and the safety support plate are all fixedly connected to the vehicle body through bolts. Therefore, in the overhaul operation of the coupler buffer device, the disassembly and assembly operations of the coupler buffer device are often involved, and it is necessary to repeatedly tighten and loosen multiple groups of bolts provided between the coupler support beam, the coupler yoke support plate, the safety support plate and the vehicle body respectively. Because the distribution positions of the multiple groups of bolts are variable, a disassembly and assembly device for the coupler buffer is needed to improve the operation efficiency.

[0003] In the prior art, as shown in the technical solution disclosed in the patent document with the application number 2023104038420 and the name of a disassembly and assembly device for a coupler buffer, the disassembly and assembly device involved includes a lifting device, a tightening device, a tray assembly and a mobile trolley, etc.

[0004] The lifting device is movably arranged on the mobile trolley. The lifting device includes a scissor lifting device and a buffer mechanism, and the buffer mechanism is arranged on the scissor lifting device; the tightening device is movably arranged on the buffer mechanism. The tightening device includes a tightening main machine and a tightening lifting assembly, and the tightening main machine is arranged on the tightening lifting assembly. The tray assembly is arranged on the buffer mechanism and is located above the tightening device. Figure 8 For a set of drawings (changing the drawing reference numerals and some names) involved in the above patent document, a general description is as follows.

[0005] Such as Figure 8As shown, the coupler buffer 100 includes a coupler 101, a coupler frame 102 and a buffer 103, and a coupler frame support plate 104 is arranged at the free end of the coupler frame 102, a coupler support beam 106 is arranged at the position where the coupler 101 and the coupler frame 102 are connected, and a safety support plate 105 is arranged below the buffer 103. The buffer mechanism 200 in the disassembly and assembly device includes a bottom plate 201, four pillars 202, buffer springs 203 corresponding to the pillars 202, and a support plate 204. The bottom plate 201 is installed on the upper part of the scissor-type lifting mechanism 300, and can be lifted and lowered by the buffer mechanism 200 under the drive of the scissor-type lifting mechanism 300. The support plate 204 is arranged above the bottom plate 201 through the pillars 202 and the buffer springs 203, and can be lifted and lowered relative to the bottom plate 201. A pair of limit blocks 2041 and two support seats 2042 are arranged alternately on the support plate 204. During the disassembly and assembly operation, the two limit blocks 2041 contact the outer side of the hook tail frame support plate 104 and the outer side of the coupler support beam 106 respectively, and the coupler buffer 100 is limited on the support plate 204, and the two ends of the hook tail frame 102 are supported by the two support seats 2042. At that time, the safety support plate 105 is correspondingly located between the two support seats 2042. Therefore, under the technical scheme of the above-mentioned disassembly and assembly device, when the scissor-type lifting mechanism 300 is lifted, the buffer spring 203 in the buffer mechanism 200 can be compressed and deformed to avoid hard contact / collision between the support plate 204 and the coupler buffer 100 and between the coupler buffer 100 and the car body (of the rail vehicle), thereby improving the safety of the disassembly and assembly operation, avoiding strong collisions between parts that may be in contact, and helping to suppress damage and malfunctions of the support plate 204, the coupler buffer 100, etc. due to frequent collisions.

[0006] However, the technical solution disclosed in the above patent document still has some shortcomings: after the coupler buffer 100 directly contacts the support seat 2042, the force is transmitted to the support plate 204, and finally the buffer spring 203 is elastically deformed through the support plate 204. Therefore, during the disassembly and assembly process, there will inevitably be a strong impact between the coupler buffer 100 and the support seat 2042; in addition, because the four buffer springs 203 are distributed at the four corners of the support plate 204, and the support plate 204 is a long and narrow plate, it is easy to cause excessive deformation and damage to the middle area of ​​the plate body of the support plate 204 because the middle position of the plate surface often bears a relatively large impact force during the disassembly and assembly. Summary of the invention

[0007] To overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides a disassembly and assembly device for a coupler buffer of a rail vehicle, which improves the cooperation structure between the support block and the top plate, can reduce the impact strength between the support block and the coupler buffer, and can effectively inhibit the occurrence of excessive deformation of the top plate due to frequent impacts.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A disassembly and assembly device for a coupler buffer of a rail vehicle includes a bolt tightening shaft group, a bottom plate, a plurality of support linkages, and a top plate. The support linkages are correspondingly arranged at the four corner positions of the bottom plate and the top plate, and can fix the top plate directly above the bottom plate. Two limit baffles are arranged on the top plate at intervals, and two support blocks are arranged between the two limit baffles at intervals. In addition, it also includes a plurality of elastic arm plate mechanisms and a plurality of electromagnetic lock mechanisms.

[0009] On the top plate, column holes are respectively formed at the positions where the support blocks are arranged, and a pair of slot holes are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the column holes. The paired two slot holes are respectively arranged at positions close to the two side edges in the width direction of the top plate. The number of column holes corresponding to each support block can be one or more. When a pair of column holes are configured for each support block, the pair of column holes can be arranged at intervals in the width direction of the top plate and are located between the paired two slot holes.

[0010] On the support block, a protruding column body is formed at the center position of the lower end surface, and side plates are respectively formed on both side walls, and the side plates extend downward with a vertical length relative to the lower end surface of the support block. The number of protruding column bodies formed on each support block can be one or more, and should be consistent with the number of corresponding column holes.

[0011] The protruding column body can be correspondingly matched with the column hole and the lower end of the protruding column body extends into the upper end of the column hole. The two side plates can be respectively correspondingly matched with the slot holes arranged on both sides of the column hole, and the lower ends of the side plates extend downward outside the slot holes. Under the double constraints of the protruding column body and the side plates, the support block can move relative to the top plate in the vertical direction. A spring is arranged in the column hole, and the axial direction of the spring is along the vertical direction. An end cover is fixedly arranged at the lower port of the column hole, and the two ends of the spring are respectively correspondingly matched with the lower end of the protruding column body and the upper end of the end cover.

[0012] A plurality of elastic arm plate mechanisms are respectively correspondingly matched with a plurality of side plates, and each includes an elastically deformable arm plate. The width of the elastically deformable arm plate is arranged in the vertical direction, that is, consistent with the thick direction of the top plate; the length of the elastically deformable arm plate is consistent with the length direction of the top plate. The lower end of the elastically deformable arm plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the side plate, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the top plate, so that the elastically deformable arm plate can apply an elastic force in the vertical direction on the side plate.

[0013] Multiple electromagnetic lock mechanisms are respectively and correspondingly matched with multiple side plates, and each includes an electromagnetic lock body and an iron plate part. The electromagnetic lock body is fixed on the side wall of the top plate, and the iron plate part is fixed on the side plate. During the process of the iron plate part moving relative to the top plate, the iron plate part can maintain a relative matching state with the electromagnetic lock body, so that when the electromagnetic lock body is powered on, it can be attracted to the iron plate part at any time to prevent the side plate from continuing to move relative to the top plate, that is, the support block can be kept in a relatively fixed state relative to the top plate at any time. When the side plate itself is made of iron material, the side plate can be regarded as the iron plate part, and there is no need to separately set an iron plate part.

[0014] A sensing component is provided on the elastic deformation arm plate, and the sensing component can change physical quantities as the elastic deformation arm plate generates elastic deformation, and trigger the controller to generate a sensing signal, and then control the on-off state of the electromagnetic lock body through the controller.

[0015] Optionally, the middle part of the elastic deformation arm plate is formed into an arch-shaped elastic deformation part, and the concave side of the arch-shaped elastic deformation part faces the plate surface side of the side plate. The sensing component is fixedly arranged on the arch-shaped elastic deformation part. When the arch-shaped elastic deformation part generates elastic deformation, it can apply an elastic force in the vertical direction on the side plate, and can cause the sensing component to generate a sensing signal.

[0016] Optionally, the sensing component is a strain-type sensing part, and the controller contains a strain-type sensor electrically connected to the strain-type sensing part. A signal processing unit module and an instruction module are provided on the controller and connected to the strain-type sensor.

[0017] Optionally, each side plate is correspondingly configured with two elastic deformation mechanisms. The two elastic deformation mechanisms arranged on the same side plate are symmetrically arranged on the inner side plate surface and the outer side plate surface of the side plate. Such a design can improve the distribution of the acting force of the elastic arm plate mechanism on the side plate, improve the balance of the elastic force, and make the elastic force acting on the side plate almost all in the vertical direction, that is, significantly weaken the component magnitude of the elastic force in other directions, and can reduce the resistance received when the support block moves downward, so that when the side plate moves downward in the vertical direction, it is almost close to the state of being only affected by the elastic resistance of the spring. To further improve the balance of the elastic force and improve the force distribution condition of the side plate, preferably, the elastic deformation arm plate is a long strip-shaped plate body extending along the length direction of the top plate, and the middle area corresponding to the vertical direction on the elastic deformation arm plate is formed into an elastic deformation part. At that time, the arch-shaped elastic deformation part is also strip-shaped and has a narrow and long rectangle in the top view.

[0018] The elastic deformation arm plates involved in the present invention are all in the following general form: that is, in the vertical direction, the middle area of the elastic deformation arm plate is formed into a thin plate body structure capable of generating elastic deformation. The cross-section of the thin plate body structure can be in the shape of an arch plate, a V shape, a wave shape, etc.

[0019] Optionally, a pair of protruding columns arranged at intervals are formed on the lower end surface of the support block; correspondingly, on the top plate, a pair of column holes arranged at intervals are formed at the positions where the support blocks are provided. When the support block is disposed on the top plate, the two pairs of protruding columns correspond and match with the two pairs of column holes one by one. At this time, the two pairs of slot holes are distributed on both sides of the two pairs of column holes, that is, the two pairs of column holes are correspondingly distributed between the two slot holes.

[0020] Optionally, on the inner side surface of the side plate, convex rails are respectively formed at the edges. The convex rails extend downward from the root of the side plate and generally extend to the middle and upper positions of the side plate. On the top plate, groove portions capable of corresponding and matching with the convex rails one by one are formed at both ends of the slot hole. The length of the downward extension of the convex rail can ensure that when the side plate moves relative to the top plate, the lower part of the convex rail remains in a state of matching with the groove portion.

[0021] Optionally, the cross section of the convex rail is semi-cylindrical; the groove portion and the convex rail have a profile matching relationship.

[0022] Optionally, the end cover includes a stud, and a threaded through hole capable of corresponding and matching with the outer thread surface of the stud is formed on the end cover. The upper end of the stud can extend into the lower port of the column hole, and the lower end of the spring is sleeved on the stud.

[0023] Optionally, a driving assembly one and a driving assembly two are further included. The driving assembly one includes a seat body part one and a driving part one provided on the seat body part one. The driving assembly two includes a seat body part two and a driving part two provided on the seat body part two. The bolt tightening shaft group and the seat body part one are matched through a slide rail structure arranged in the vertical direction, and the driving part one can drive the bolt tightening shaft group to move relative to the bottom plate in the vertical direction. The seat body part two is provided on the upper end surface of the bottom plate, and the seat body part one and the seat body part two are matched through a slide rail structure extending along the length direction of the top plate, and the driving part two can drive the seat body part one to perform a reciprocating movement along the length direction of the top plate. By providing the driving assembly one and the driving assembly two, the lateral position of the bolt tightening shaft group, that is, the position along the length direction of the top plate, and the height position are adjusted, so that the bolt tightening shaft group can be adjustably corresponding to the bolt installation positions on the coupler yoke bracket, the safety bracket, and the coupler support beam, and respectively complete the tightening or removal operations of the bolts at each place.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention improves the cooperation structure between the support block and the top plate, enabling the support block and the coupler buffer to be combined in a buffered contact state during disassembly and assembly operations, and effectively supporting the coupler buffer. This can reduce the contact impact strength between the support block and the coupler buffer, decrease the impact force borne by the top plate, effectively inhibit the occurrence of serious deformation of the top plate easily caused by frequent impacts, better protect the coupler buffer, prevent damage to the coupler buffer, and further reduce the frequency of failures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 The partial enlarged structural schematic diagram at A in

[0027] Figure 3 is Figure 1 The partial enlarged structural schematic diagram at B in

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the transverse sectional structure of the matching between the support block and the top plate.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the support block.

[0030] Figure 6 is Figure 5 The partial enlarged structural schematic diagram at C in

[0031] Figure 7 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the support block.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the existing coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device in the use state.

[0033] In the figure: 100 coupler buffer, 101 coupler, 102 coupler yoke, 103 buffer, 104 coupler yoke support plate, 105 safety support plate, 106 coupler support beam; 200 buffer mechanism, 201 bottom plate, 202 support pillar, 203 buffer spring, 204 support plate, 2041 limit stop block, 2042 support seat; 300 scissor lift mechanism;

[0034] 10 top plate, 11 limit baffle, 12 support block, 121 protruding column body, 122 side plate, 123 convex rail, 13 column hole, 14 slot hole, 141 slot part; 20 support connecting rod; 30 spring; 40 end cover, 41 stud, 411 external thread surface; 50 elastic arm plate mechanism, 51 elastic deformation arm plate, 511 notch, 52 flange one, 53 flange two; 60 electromagnetic lock mechanism, 61 electromagnetic lock body, 62 iron plate part. Detailed implementation mode

[0035] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the attached drawings of the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention. Therefore, they do not have substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. At the same time, terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "middle", etc. cited in this specification are only for the convenience of clear narration and are not used to limit the implementation scope of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope in which the present invention can be implemented.

[0036] Before introducing the technical solution of the present invention, it should be emphasized that the present invention is an improvement on the above-mentioned patented technology. Therefore, the layout form of the (scissor) lifting mechanism, the setting form of the (bolt) tightening shaft, and the design form of various associated action driving mechanisms that may be involved can all be realized with reference to the above-mentioned patent or other existing patents, and will not be elaborated in the introduction of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0037] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, a disassembly and assembly device for a coupler buffer of a rail vehicle includes a bolt tightening shaft group, a bottom plate 201, four support linkages 20, and a top plate 10. The support linkages 20 are distributed at the four corner positions of the top plate 10 and can fix the top plate 10 directly above the bottom plate 201 to form a rigidly connected overall frame structure. On the plate body of the top plate 10 and at intervals in the length extension direction of the top plate 10 (the left-right direction shown in the figure), two limit baffles 11 are provided, and two support blocks 12 are provided at intervals between the two limit baffles 11. The function of the limit baffle 11 is the same as that of the limit block 2041 in Figure 8 and the function of the support block 12 is partially the same as that of the support seat 2042 in Figure 8 . During application, the bottom plate 201 can be installed on the upper part of the scissor lifting mechanism 300 in Figure 8 , so that the scissor lifting mechanism 300 can drive the bottom plate 201, the top plate 10, and other mechanisms (including the tightening shaft assembly) installed on the bottom plate 201 to perform lifting and lowering movement actions in the vertical direction. Briefly understood: After matching the four support linkages 20 in the technical solution shown in Figures 1 to 7 with the top plate 10 (including the matching components and mechanisms thereon) and directly transferring them to the bottom plate 201 shown in Figure 8 to replace the support plate 204 and the buffer mechanism 200, an improved disassembly and assembly device for a coupler buffer of a rail vehicle can be formed.

[0038] On the top plate 10, column holes 13 are respectively formed at the positions where the support blocks 12 are arranged, and slot holes 14 are respectively provided on both (front and rear) sides of each column hole 13. Both the column holes 13 and the slot holes 14 are through-hole structures extending in the vertical direction, that is, both the column holes 13 and the slot holes 14 penetrate through the entire thickness of the top plate 10.

[0039] On the support block 12, a protruding column body 121 is formed at the center position of the lower end face, and side plates 122 are respectively formed on both (front and rear) side walls, and the side plates 122 are all extended downward along the vertical direction relative to the lower end face of the support block 12. After the two support blocks 12 are respectively installed on the top plate 10, the protruding column body 121 can be correspondingly matched with the column hole 13, and the lower end of the protruding column body 121 extends into the upper port of the column hole 13. The two side plates 122 provided on both sides of the protruding column body 121 can be respectively correspondingly matched with the slot holes 14 provided on both sides of the column hole 13, and the lower ends of the side plates 122 extend downward outside the slot holes 14. The support block 12 can move relative to the top plate 10 along the vertical direction. The structure of the upper part of the support block 12, or the main body part of the support block 12, can be set with reference to the prior art solutions.

[0040] The outer diameter of the protruding column body 121 is the same as the inner diameter of the column hole 13, and the lower end of the protruding column body 121 extends into the upper port of the column hole 13 by a certain length, and can always maintain the plug-in matching state. The lower ends of the side plates 122 can extend out of the lower ports of the slot holes 14 and extend downward relative to the lower end face of the top plate 10. When the protruding column body 121 moves relative to the column hole 13 along the vertical direction, the lower end of the protruding column body 121 can always maintain a vertical distance from the lower port of the column hole 13, and the lower ends of the side plates 122 can maintain the state of extending downward outside the lower end face of the top plate 10.

[0041] A spring 30 is provided in the column hole 13, and an end cover 40 is fixedly provided at the lower port of the column hole 13, so that both ends of the spring 30 are respectively matched with the lower end face of the protruding column body 121 and the upper end face of the end cover 40, and the spring 30 can elastically stretch and deform during the process of the support block 12 moving relative to the top plate 10 along the vertical direction, and can play a role in buffering and supporting the support block 12.

[0042] The number of the protruding column bodies 121 provided on the lower end face of the support block 12 is one, such as Figure 5 、 Figure 7The embodiments shown. The number of protruding columns 121 provided on the lower end surface of the support block 12 may also be two, and the two protruding columns 121 are distributed at intervals in the front-rear direction. At this time, corresponding to the installation position of each support block 12 on the top plate 10, two column holes 13 are respectively formed, so that the two protruding columns 121 on the same support block 12 can respectively correspond and match with the two column holes 13 mentioned above. The solution of providing two protruding columns 121 and a pair of column holes 13 corresponding and matching with the two protruding columns 121 can better promote the support block 12 to maintain a stable moving state relative to the top plate 10, and can improve the reliability of the matching relationship between the two. The two side plates 122 provided on the same support block 12 both extend downward relative to the lower end surface of the support block 12, and the upper parts of the two side plates 122 are respectively fixedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the support block 12 (including the case where the side plate 122 and the support block 12 are integrally formed).

[0043] A plurality of elastic arm plate mechanisms 50 respectively correspond and match with the plurality of side plates 122, and each includes an elastically deformable arm plate 51. The lower end of the elastically deformable arm plate 51 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the side plate 122, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the top plate 10, so that the elastically deformable arm plate 51 can apply an elastic pushing and pulling force in the vertical direction on the side plate 122. In Figures 1 to 7 In the technical solution shown, each side plate 122 is respectively provided with two elastic arm plate mechanisms 50, and the two elastic arm plate mechanisms 50 are symmetrically arranged on the inner and outer sides (i.e., the front and rear sides) of the side plate 122. The middle region of the elastically deformable arm plate 51 is formed as an arched plate portion (or an arched plate type elastically deformable portion), and the concave side of the arched plate portion faces the wall surface of the side plate 122. A first flange 52 is formed at the lower end of the elastically deformable arm plate 51, and a second flange 53 is formed at the upper end. The first flange 52 and the second flange 53 are respectively fixedly connected to the side plate 122 and the top plate 10 by bolts, and during the process of the side plate 122 moving relative to the top plate 10 in the vertical direction, the elastically deformable arm plate 51 can apply an elastic force on the side plate 122.

[0044] A plurality of electromagnetic lock mechanisms 60 are respectively and correspondingly matched with a plurality of side plates 122, and each includes an electromagnetic lock body 61 and an iron plate portion 62. The electromagnetic lock body 61 is fixed on the side walls (front and rear side wall surfaces) of the top plate 10, and the iron plate portion 62 is fixed on the side plate 122. When the side plate 122 moves relative to the top plate 10 in the vertical direction, the side plate 122 can carry the iron plate portion 62 to move synchronously relative to the top plate 10. The iron plate portion 62 has a relatively long extension length in the vertical direction. During the process of the iron plate portion 62 moving relative to the top plate 10, the iron plate portion 62 can always maintain a state of relative matching with the electromagnetic lock body 61, so that when the electromagnetic lock body 61 is switched to the energized state, it can be attracted to the iron plate portion 62 at any time, and the two are fixedly connected / magnetically attracted to form an integral body, so that the support block 12 is kept in a relatively fixed state relative to the top plate 10.

[0045] A sensing element or a sensitive element (not shown in the figure) is provided on the arch plate portion of the elastic deformation arm plate 51, and the sensing element can generate a change in physical quantity along with the elastic deformation generated by the elastic deformation arm plate 51, so as to cause the controller to generate a sensing signal, and the controller controls the on / off state of the electromagnetic lock body 61 according to the specific (processing result) situation of the sensing signal. The controller can be fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the top plate 10 or other peripheral components.

[0046] The sensing element can be selected as a strain gauge portion, and the corresponding sensor is a strain gauge sensor at this time. The controller can control the on / off state of the electromagnetic lock body 61 according to the change of the sensing signal of the strain gauge sensor.

[0047] The main body of the elastic deformation arm plate 51 extends in the left-right direction and has a long strip structure. The first flange 52 and the second flange 53 are also long strip plates extending in the left-right direction. V-shaped notches 511 are formed on both end sides of the arch plate portion. By providing the notches 511, the elastic deformation performance of the arch plate portion can be improved and optimized.

[0048] Using the disassembling and assembling device for the coupler buffer of the rail vehicle involved in the above solution to perform the disassembling and assembling operation of the coupler buffer 100, during the process of the scissor lifting mechanism 300 driving the top plate 10 to move upward, the support block 12 can be in contact with the coupler buffer 100 in a state where relative buffer movement can occur, and the impact intensity at the moment of contact between the two can be significantly reduced, so as to effectively protect the top plate 10 and the coupler buffer 100 from excessive damage. Because, in the initial state, the electromagnetic lock body 61 is kept in a power-off state, so that the support block 12 is kept in a state close to free movement relative to the top plate 10. When the support block 12 is subjected to a small pressure in the vertical direction, it can move downward to make way, so as to alleviate and weaken the impact intensity when it comes into contact with the coupler buffer 100. During the process of the support block 12 moving downward relative to the top plate 10, the lower end of the side plate 122 will move downward synchronously relative to the lower end surface of the top plate 10 or relative to the lower port of the slot 14, so as to pull the elastic deformation arm plate 51 to generate elastic deformation, which causes a physical quantity change in the sensing member or the so-called sensitive member on the elastic deformation arm plate 51, and a sensing signal is generated in real time and transmitted to the controller. After processing the sensing signal received in real time, the controller can control the power-on and power-off state of the electromagnetic lock body 61 according to the processing result.

[0049] Specifically, according to the amplitude of the elastic deformation generated by the elastic deformation of the elastic deformation arm plate 51 (in other words, the amount of the downward movement stroke of the side plate 122 relative to the lower end surface of the top plate 10), a corresponding warning threshold can be preset. After processing the sensing signal, the controller continuously compares the real-time processing result with the preset warning threshold: when the processing result falls within the interval of the warning threshold, the electromagnetic lock body 61 is controlled to switch to the power-on state; when the processing result does not fall within the interval of the warning threshold, it is kept or switched to the power-off state. When selecting and setting the corresponding relationship between the amplitude of the elastic deformation generated by the elastic deformation of the elastic deformation arm plate 51 and the warning threshold, it should be considered whether the amount of the downward movement stroke of the side plate 122 relative to the top plate 10 at that time can provide enough space for the contact and collision between the support block 12 and the coupler buffer 100.

[0050] On the inner side surface of the side plate 122, convex rails 123 with a semi-cylindrical cross-section are respectively formed at the edges. The convex rails 123 all extend downward from the (upper end) root of the side plate 122. On the top plate 10, at both ends of the slot hole 14, there are formed channel portions 141 that can be correspondingly matched with the convex rails 123 one by one. The length that the convex rails 123 extend downward can ensure that when the side plate 122 moves relative to the top plate 10, the lower part of the convex rails 123 remains in a state of being matched with the channel portions 141. It is possible to keep a vertical distance between the lower end of the channel portion 141 and the lower end surface of the top plate 10, such as Figure 4 shown; it is also possible that the upper and lower ends of the channel portion 141 penetrate through the upper and lower end surfaces of the top plate 10 respectively.

[0051] The end cover 40 includes a stud 41, and on the end cover 40, there is formed a threaded through hole that can be correspondingly matched with the external threaded surface 411 of the stud 41. The upper end of the stud 41 can extend into the lower port of the column hole 13, and the lower end of the spring 30 is sleeved on the annular flange at the upper end of the stud 41. On the lower end surface of the stud 41, there is formed a prismatic counterbore (such as a hexagonal prism counterbore). Using a tool to match the prismatic counterbore to screw the stud 41 can adjust the length of the stud 41 extending into the column hole 13, so as to adjust the initial compression degree / initial elastic force of the spring 30.

[0052] The outer diameter of the stud 41 is smaller than the inner diameter of the column hole 13. The column hole 13 can be a cylindrical smooth hole or a prismatic smooth hole. The slot hole 14 is a long strip hole / rectangular hole, preferably a narrow long strip hole with a relatively large ratio between the length and the width.

[0053] Referring to the prior art, the present invention further includes a drive assembly one and a drive assembly two. The drive assembly one includes a seat body part one and a drive part one provided on the seat body part one. The drive assembly two includes a seat body part two and a drive part two provided on the seat body part two. The bolt tightening shaft group and the seat body part one are matched through a slide rail structure arranged in the vertical direction, and the drive part one can drive the bolt tightening shaft group to move relative to the bottom plate 201 in the vertical direction, so that the bolt tightening shafts on the bolt tightening shaft group are matched with the bolts provided on the coupler tail frame support plate 104, the safety support plate 105, and the coupler support beam 106 to tighten or remove the bolts. The seat body part two is provided on the upper end surface of the bottom plate 201, and the seat body part one and the seat body part two are matched through a slide rail structure extending along the length direction of the top plate 10, and the drive part two can drive the seat body part one to make a reciprocating movement along the length direction of the top plate 10. The length extension direction of the top plate 10 is consistent with the length extension direction of the bottom plate 201. In the present invention, the relative positional relationship between the bottom plate 201 and the top plate 10 is the same as that of Figure 8The relative positional relationship between the bottom plate 201 and the supporting plate 204 shown is the same, and both are rectangular long plates.

[0054] By setting the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly, the lateral position of the bolt tightening shaft group is adjusted, that is, the position along the length direction of the top plate 10, and the height position of the bolt tightening shaft group, so that the bolt tightening shaft group can be adjustably switched to the bolt setting positions corresponding to the coupler yoke supporting plate 104, the safety supporting plate 105, and the coupler carrier 106, and the tightening or removal operations of the bolts set at each position are respectively completed. Referring to the prior art, a driving mechanism contained in the bolt tightening shaft group itself for adjusting the (multi-directional) positions of its respective bolt tightening shafts can be set, so that each bolt tightening shaft in the bolt tightening shaft group can adapt to the changes in the bolt positions arranged on the coupler yoke supporting plate 104, the safety supporting plate 105, and the coupler carrier 106.

[0055] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. There are many aspects of the present invention that can be improved without departing from the overall idea. Those familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device, comprising a bottom plate (201), four supporting links (20) and a top plate (10); the supporting links (20) are correspondingly arranged at four corners of the bottom plate (201) and the top plate (10), and can fix the top plate (10) directly above the bottom plate (201); two limit baffles (11) are alternately arranged on the top plate (10), and two supporting blocks (12) are alternately arranged between the two limit baffles (11); the device is characterized by: It also includes a plurality of elastic arm plate mechanisms (50) and a plurality of electromagnetic lock mechanisms (60); On the top plate (10), column holes (13) are respectively formed at positions where the support blocks (12) are arranged, and slot holes (14) are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the column holes (13); A protruding column (121) is formed on the lower end surface of the support block (12), and side plates (122) are respectively formed on the two side walls; the protruding column (121) matches the column hole (13) and extends into the upper end of the column hole (13), and the side plates (122) match the slot hole (14) and extend downward to the outside of the slot hole (14); so that the support block (12) can be lifted and lowered relative to the top plate (10); A spring (30) is provided in the column hole (13); an end cover (40) is provided at the lower end of the column hole (13); two ends of the spring (30) are matched with the lower end of the protruding column (121) and the upper end of the end cover (40) respectively; The plurality of elastic arm plate mechanisms (50) are matched with the plurality of side plates (122) respectively, and each comprises an elastically deformable arm plate (51); the lower end of the elastically deformable arm plate (51) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the side plate (122), and the upper end is fixedly connected to the top plate (10), so that an elastic force in a vertical direction can be applied to the side plate (122); The plurality of electromagnetic lock mechanisms (60) are matched with the plurality of side plates (122) respectively, and each comprises an electromagnetic lock body (61) and an iron plate portion (62); the electromagnetic lock body (61) is fixed on the side wall of the top plate (10), and the iron plate portion (62) is fixed on the side plate (122); when the iron plate portion (62) moves relative to the top plate (10), it can maintain a matching state relative to the electromagnetic lock body (61); A sensor is provided on the elastic deformation arm plate (51), and the sensor can generate a physical quantity change with the elastic deformation of the elastic deformation arm plate (51), thereby inducing a controller to generate a sensor signal to control the on / off state of the electromagnetic lock body (61).

2. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the elastic deformation arm plate (51) is formed into an arch plate type elastic deformation part, and the notch side of the arch plate type elastic deformation part faces the plate surface side of the side plate (122); the sensor is fixedly arranged on the arch plate type elastic deformation part.

3. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing element is a strain type sensing part, and the controller is provided with a strain type sensor electrically connected to the strain type sensing part.

4. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Each side plate (122) is correspondingly configured with two elastic deformation mechanisms (50); the two elastic deformation mechanisms (50) configured on the same side plate (122) are symmetrically arranged on the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the side plate (122).

5. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic deformation arm plate (51) is a long strip-shaped plate body extending along the length direction of the top plate (10), and an elastic deformation portion is formed at a corresponding middle region in the vertical direction on the elastic deformation arm plate (51).

6. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of protruding columns (121) arranged alternately are formed on the lower end surface of the support block (12); correspondingly, a pair of column holes (13) arranged alternately are formed on the top plate (10) at the position where the support block (12) is arranged; when the support block (12) is arranged on the top plate (10), the two paired protruding columns (121) are matched with the two paired column holes (13) in a one-to-one correspondence.

7. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the inner side surface of the side plate (122), convex rails (123) are respectively formed at the edges; the convex rails (123) extend downward from the root of the side plate (122); A groove portion (141) capable of correspondingly matching with the convex rail (123) is formed on the top plate (10) and at both ends of the groove hole (14); When the side plate (122) moves relative to the top plate (10), the lower portion of the convex rail (123) can be maintained in a state of matching with the groove portion (141).

8. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross section of the convex rail (123) is semi-cylindrical; the groove portion (141) and the convex rail (123) are in a profile matching relationship.

9. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end cover (40) includes a stud (41) and a threaded through hole that can correspond to and match the external threaded surface (411) of the stud (41) is formed on the end cover (40); the upper end of the stud (41) extends into the lower end of the column hole (13), and the lower end of the spring (30) is sleeved on the stud (41).

10. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included are a bolt tightening shaft assembly, a drive assembly 1, and a drive assembly 2; The driving assembly comprises a seat body and a driving part arranged on the seat body; the bolt tightening shaft group and the seat body are matched via a slide rail structure arranged in a vertical direction, and the driving part can drive the bolt tightening shaft group to move in a vertical direction relative to the bottom plate (201); The driving assembly 2 comprises a seat body part 2 and a driving part 2 arranged on the seat body part 2; the seat body part 2 is arranged on the upper end surface of the bottom plate (201), the seat body part 1 and the seat body part 2 are matched via a slide rail structure extending along the length direction of the top plate (10), and the driving part 2 can drive the seat body part 1 to move along the length direction of the top plate (10).

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