A frame-type offshore floating solar photovoltaic device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of offshore photovoltaic power generation technology, and particularly to a frame-type nearshore floating solar photovoltaic device. The device includes multiple floating photovoltaic modules, with each pair of adjacent modules connected by two steel hinges to form an array module, improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic device. Floating photovoltaic modules on the outer side of the array module are connected to concrete anchor blocks via anchor chain fasteners and anchor chains for buffer mooring. Each floating photovoltaic module includes a platform frame and photovoltaic modules, with the photovoltaic modules positioned above the platform frame. The platform frame is equipped with buoys to allow the array module to float at sea. The height of the platform frame is greater than a predetermined height to allow the photovoltaic modules to absorb direct sunlight from the front and reflective sunlight from the sea surface from the back, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device. Therefore, the above technical solution can improve the structural stability and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a frame-type nearshore floating solar photovoltaic device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing floating solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation equipment in China is mainly designed for environments with relatively calm winds, waves, and currents, such as lakes and reservoirs. However, these structures are not suitable for offshore PV. Existing PV platforms have poor resistance to wind and waves and are easily damaged. Furthermore, the overall height of existing PV platforms is low, making it easy for marine organisms to adhere to the PV modules, or for salt deposits to accumulate on the modules, affecting power generation efficiency and the lifespan of the PV modules.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a frame-type nearshore floating solar photovoltaic device to solve the problem of how to improve the structural stability and power generation efficiency of photovoltaic devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a frame-type nearshore floating solar photovoltaic device, which can improve the structural stability and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device.

[0005] This invention provides a frame-type nearshore floating solar photovoltaic device, comprising:

[0006] Multiple floating photovoltaic modules, with two adjacent floating photovoltaic modules connected by two hinges to form an array module, and the outermost floating photovoltaic module connected to a concrete anchor block by an anchor chain buckle and an anchor chain;

[0007] The floating photovoltaic module includes a platform frame and photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic modules are mounted on the platform frame, which is equipped with floats. The height of the platform frame is greater than a preset height so that the photovoltaic modules can absorb light that is directly irradiated to them and light reflected from the sea surface.

[0008] The preset height is determined based on the wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module.

[0009] As can be seen from the above solution, the frame-type near-shore floating solar photovoltaic equipment provided by the present invention includes: multiple floating photovoltaic modules, with each pair of adjacent floating photovoltaic modules connected by two hinges to form an array module, improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic equipment. The floating photovoltaic modules on the outer side of the array module are connected to concrete anchor blocks via anchor chain buckles and anchor chains to achieve buffer mooring. The floating photovoltaic module includes a platform frame and photovoltaic modules, with the photovoltaic modules positioned above the platform frame. The platform frame is equipped with buoys to allow the array module to float at sea. The height of the platform frame is greater than a preset height to allow the photovoltaic modules to absorb direct sunlight from the front and reflective sunlight from the sea surface from the back, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic equipment. The height of the waves can be determined by observing the wave-like phenomena on the deck of the floating photovoltaic modules. By setting the height of the platform frame to be greater than the preset height (i.e., simulating the wave height), the photovoltaic modules can be protected from seawater erosion, extending the service life of the photovoltaic modules and improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic equipment. Therefore, the above technical solution can improve the structural stability and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This invention provides a frame-type nearshore floating solar photovoltaic device.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the floating photovoltaic module structure in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 These are bottom and front views of a single platform framework structure in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the platform hinge connection in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pontoon assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fender arrangement in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the anchoring system connection in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic device in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure label:

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Floating photovoltaic module; 2. Hinge; 3. Concrete anchor block; 4. Platform frame; 5. Photovoltaic module; 6. Vertical plastic pontoon; 7. Horizontal plastic pontoon; 8. First pontoon connector; 9. Second pontoon connector; 11. Anchor chain; 12. Anchor chain buckle; 13. Inner anti-collision fender; 14. Steel frame beam; 15. Steel frame main beam; 16. Photovoltaic support base; 17. Platform bottom frame; 18. Cross support frame; 19. Photovoltaic fastener; 20. Platform base. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a frame-type nearshore floating solar photovoltaic device, which includes multiple floating photovoltaic modules. Two adjacent floating photovoltaic modules are connected by two hinges to form an array module. The outermost floating photovoltaic module 1 is connected to a concrete anchor block 3 through an anchor chain buckle 12 and an anchor chain 11.

[0023] The floating photovoltaic module 1 includes a platform frame 4 and a photovoltaic module 5. The photovoltaic module 5 is set on the platform frame 4. The platform frame 4 is equipped with a float. The height of the platform frame 4 is greater than a preset height so that the photovoltaic module 5 can absorb the light that is directly irradiated to it and the light reflected from it by the sea surface.

[0024] The preset height is determined based on the wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module.

[0025] In this embodiment, the device includes multiple floating photovoltaic modules 1. Each pair of adjacent floating photovoltaic modules 1 is connected by two hinges to form an array module, improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic device. The floating photovoltaic modules 1 on the outer side of the array module are connected to concrete anchor blocks via anchor chain fasteners and anchor chains for buffer mooring. Each floating photovoltaic module 1 includes a platform frame and photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic modules are positioned above the platform frame, which is equipped with buoys to allow the array module to float at sea. The height of the platform frame is greater than a preset height to allow the photovoltaic modules to absorb direct sunlight from the front and reflective sunlight from the sea surface from the back, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device. The height of the waves can be determined by observing the wave height on the deck of the floating photovoltaic modules 1. By setting the height of the platform frame to be greater than a preset height (i.e., simulating the wave height), the photovoltaic modules can be protected from seawater erosion, improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic device. Therefore, the above technical solution can improve the structural stability and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device.

[0026] In this embodiment, the hinge includes two sleeves respectively fitted onto the steel frame beam of the floating photovoltaic module 1. The two sleeves are hinged together to improve the stability of the floating photovoltaic module 1. The hinge is made of stainless steel, which has excellent corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and can maintain good performance in harsh environments such as humidity, acid and alkali, while also having good strength and toughness.

[0027] It should also be noted that the buffer mooring system primarily reduces the impact force generated by the movement of the floating photovoltaic modules 1 by placing buffer elements between them. These buffer elements typically possess elastic or damping characteristics. For example, a common rubber buffer, when the floating photovoltaic module 1 is displaced by external forces such as wind and waves, undergoes elastic deformation, absorbing and storing some energy. Similar to a car's shock absorber, it mitigates vibration and impact through compression and rebound. The floating photovoltaic module 1 experiences complex movements under environmental loads such as waves and currents, including roll, pitch, and heave. The buffer mooring system can convert the kinetic energy of the floating photovoltaic module 1's movement into the elastic potential energy of the buffer elements or, through damping, into other forms of energy such as heat for dissipation.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, an inner anti-collision fender 13 is provided between two adjacent floating photovoltaic modules 1. The inner anti-collision fender 13 is provided on the platform frame 4 and is used to buffer the collision between the platform frames 4.

[0029] In this embodiment, an inner anti-collision fender is provided between adjacent floating photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic equipment. These fenders are installed on the platform frame to buffer collisions between the platform frames. When the floating photovoltaic modules are subjected to external forces such as water flow and waves, the modules will displace. During this process, adjacent platform frames may collide with each other. The inner anti-collision fender acts as a buffer device, making contact and absorbing the collision force first when a collision is about to occur between the frames. Its working principle is to absorb the collision energy through its own elastic or plastic deformation. For example, fenders made of rubber material will be squeezed and deformed during a collision, converting the kinetic energy generated by the collision into elastic potential energy.

[0030] In some embodiments, an outer anti-collision fender is provided between two adjacent platform frames 4 and is installed on the main platform frame. The main platform frame is composed of all the platform frames 4. The outer anti-collision fender is used to buffer the collision between the main platform frame and marine floating objects.

[0031] In this embodiment, an outer anti-collision fender is provided between two adjacent platform frames in the photovoltaic equipment. This fender is installed on the main platform frame. The main platform frame is composed of all the platform frames, and the outer anti-collision fender is used to buffer collisions between the main platform frame and marine floating objects. When marine floating objects approach the main platform frame under the action of external forces such as water currents and waves, the outer anti-collision fender will make contact with the floating objects first. It absorbs the collision energy through its own elastic deformation or buffering effect, thereby protecting the main platform frame from collision damage. For example, when a floating object hits the fender, the fender will undergo elastic deformation, converting the kinetic energy generated by the collision into elastic potential energy, thereby reducing the impact of the collision on the main platform frame.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the platform frame 4 includes a square platform top frame 17, steel frame beams 14, cross support beams 18, and steel frame main beams 15; the platform top frame 17 is provided with a photovoltaic panel support base 16 composed of multiple transverse support beams and multiple longitudinal support beams, and the transverse support beams and longitudinal support beams are arranged in a grid pattern.

[0033] In this embodiment, the grid-like layout formed by multiple transverse and longitudinal support beams not only provides stable support for the photovoltaic panels but also effectively distributes the weight borne by the panels, ensuring uniform stress distribution across the entire platform. This design helps improve the platform's stability and reliability, enabling it to better adapt to various environmental conditions.

[0034] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, a platform base 20 is fixed to the bottom of the platform frame 4, which can reduce the movement of the platform frame 4.

[0035] In some embodiments, the pontoon is set at the bottom of the platform frame 4 via a pontoon connector. The pontoon connector includes two short connecting shafts fixed on the pontoon. The two ends of the pontoon are respectively sleeved on the two short connecting shafts and rotatably connected to the short connecting shafts.

[0036] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the pontoon includes a horizontal plastic pontoon 7 and a vertical plastic pontoon 6. The horizontal plastic pontoon 7 is divided into left and right halves, which are clamped on the steel frame beam 14 and connected by a first pontoon connector 8. The vertical plastic pontoon 6 is divided into upper and lower halves and connected by a second pontoon connector 9 to achieve rapid setup of the pontoon.

[0037] In this embodiment, this design allows for quick and easy assembly of the pontoons with the steel frame beam during installation. The two halves of the transverse plastic pontoon fit tightly against the steel frame beam, ensuring the stability of the pontoons; while the vertical plastic pontoons, connected by a second pontoon connector, further enhance the overall structural strength of the pontoons. Simultaneously, the plastic material of the pontoons is lightweight and corrosion-resistant, which helps to improve the service life of the pontoons and their adaptability to different environments.

[0038] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 5 is fixed to the photovoltaic panel support 16 by a photovoltaic fastener 19.

[0039] In summary, this invention adopts a frame-floating platform structure, with the photovoltaic platform modules connected by hinges, which reduces the phase difference in motion between the platform structures, avoids the attachment of marine organisms, and significantly improves the overall stability and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic platform structure.

[0040] In some implementations, the wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module 1 is determined in the following manner:

[0041] Obtain the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic module 1;

[0042] Based on geometric parameters, the three-dimensional model of floating photovoltaic module 1 is determined;

[0043] The computational domain of the three-dimensional model is extracted and meshed to obtain the three-dimensional model of the floating photovoltaic module 1 after meshing.

[0044] Based on the three-dimensional model and simulation equations of the floating photovoltaic module 1 after mesh generation, the wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module 1 is determined. The simulation equations include force field simulation equations, flow field simulation equations, six-degree-of-freedom motion simulation equations of the floating body, and mooring force simulation equations. In the process of determining the wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module 1, the flow field simulation equations are processed by source term wave suppression.

[0045] In this embodiment, firstly, the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic module 1 are obtained, and based on these detailed parameters, a three-dimensional model of the floating photovoltaic module 1 is constructed. After the three-dimensional model is constructed, the computational domain is extracted from the model, followed by mesh generation, resulting in a meshed three-dimensional model of the floating photovoltaic module 1. Subsequently, based on the simulation equations, numerical simulation is performed on the meshed three-dimensional model to determine the wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module 1. The simulation equations here include force field simulation equations, flow field simulation equations, six-degree-of-freedom motion simulation equations for the floating body, and mooring force simulation equations. The use of multi-dimensional simulation equations makes the simulation of the wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module 1 more comprehensive and detailed, accurately capturing various complex physical phenomena. In addition, source term wave suppression processing is performed in the flow field simulation equations. This not only effectively reduces the mesh requirement for numerical wave generation simulation of the photovoltaic platform, avoiding the time and resource consumption caused by a large number of mesh calculations, but also significantly improves simulation efficiency, making the entire simulation process more efficient and faster. In summary, the method proposed in this invention can quickly and accurately simulate wave phenomena on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module 1, providing strong data support and technical assurance for the design optimization, safety assessment, and performance improvement of the floating photovoltaic module 1, and contributing to the steady development of the marine photovoltaic industry.

[0046] In this embodiment, the computational domain extraction aims to determine the specific area for subsequent mesh generation and numerical simulation. The selection of this area directly affects the accuracy and efficiency of simulating wave phenomena on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module 1. A suitable computational domain should encompass the key physical processes and areas related to wave phenomena without increasing the computational burden by including too many irrelevant areas. Based on the three-dimensional model of the floating photovoltaic module 1, the computational domain is defined as the area surrounding the platform itself and within a certain radius. For example, considering the range of wave action, the computational domain might include a certain radius of sea space around the platform and a certain height above the platform (i.e., the estimated height the waves might reach), ensuring that the entire process of waves impacting the platform and reaching the deck is captured.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flow field simulation equation is constructed using the following formula:

[0048]

[0049] ρ=aρ1+(1-a)ρ2

[0050] μ=αμ1+(1-α)μ2

[0051] In the formula, ρ1 is the density of water, ρ2 is the density of air, μ1 is the viscosity of water, μ2 is the viscosity of air, U is the dynamic viscosity of water, and U r Let α be the dynamic viscosity of air, and α be the volume fraction of water in the computational domain.

[0052] In this embodiment, by using flow field simulation equations, a free liquid surface formed by the interaction and coupling of two or more immiscible fluids can be characterized. Based on this, the flow field experienced by the floating photovoltaic module 1 can be simulated very accurately, effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results, and providing data support and theoretical basis for in-depth research on the performance of the floating photovoltaic module 1 in complex flow field environments.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, the six-degree-of-freedom motion simulation equations of the floating body are constructed by the following formula:

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, v f Let ω be the velocity components of the floating body along the x, y, z directions. f F represents the angular velocity components of the floating body rotating about the x, y, and z axes. mooring For mooring force, F f For the floating body to be subjected to the net external force, f c M is the connecting force between multiple floating bodies. f The sum of the moments generated by the various forces, dS is the area of ​​the structure subjected to the forces, m f For the overall platform quality, I f Let r be the rotational inertia of the structure. CS For fluid force, r CM For mooring force, r CG For gravity, r CF t represents the lever arm length of the multibody connection force from the center of mass, and t represents time.

[0056] In this embodiment, the six-degree-of-freedom motion simulation equations of the floating body describe the dynamic behavior of multiple interconnected rigid bodies coupled together using different types of constraints, which can translate and rotate relative to each other. The constraint equations for the rigid bodies' connections can be described as follows.

[0057] Multi-floating body connector constraint equations:

[0058] φ(q,t)=0

[0059] Ja=Q

[0060] Where J is the Jacobian matrix of φ, a is the acceleration of the floating body, and Q represents heterogeneity.

[0061] To enforce the acceleration conditions, constraint forces need to be added to the system. This is achieved by introducing the Lagrange multiplier λ for all constraints.

[0062] f c =J T ×λ

[0063] We need to find the vector λ so that we can combine the constraint forces f. c With any external force F f When subjected to forces such as gravity or wave forces, it can generate a system that satisfies the constraints.

[0064] Therefore, the equations of motion for multiple bodies can also be written as

[0065] Ma = J T λ+F f

[0066] Assume Aλ = b, and multiply the equation by the Jacobi matrix J on the left to obtain...

[0067] A = JM -1 J T

[0068] b = -JM -1 F f +Q

[0069] Substituting A and b, we can find λ. Given λ, we can then apply the equation... By performing two integrations, the generalized coordinate vector can be obtained.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mooring force simulation equation is constructed by the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, x is the horizontal distance between the cable guide hole and the anchor point, h is the vertical distance between the cable guide hole and the anchor point, and T is the vertical distance between the cable guide hole and the anchor point. H The horizontal component of the anchor rope tension and T V Let φ be the vertical component of the anchor rope tension, φw be the angle formed by the mooring tension, and T be the vertical component of the anchor rope tension. h Let W be the direction vector, W be the constant weight in water corresponding to a unit mooring line length, EA be the elastic stiffness of the mooring chain, and l be the direction vector. s This represents the length of the mooring line.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, the force field simulation equations are constructed using the following formula:

[0074] F = 0.5ρg 2 H 2 T2 / 2π

[0075] In the formula, H is the wave height, T is the period, ρ is the seawater density, g is the gravitational acceleration, and F is the wave force.

[0076] In this embodiment, those skilled in the art can customize the wave height, period, seawater density, and gravitational acceleration parameters according to actual usage.

[0077] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flow field simulation equations are processed by source term mitigation using the following equations:

[0078] q φ =-γρ(φ-φ * )

[0079] In the formula, γ is the fluid dynamic coefficient, ρ is the fluid density, φ is the current solution of the flow field simulation equation, and φ* is the value that the flow field simulation equation approaches.

[0080] In this embodiment, considering the efficiency of numerical solution, a source term wave-generating method is adopted. This method differs from the damping wave-generating method in that it allows for the selection of a shorter computational domain to achieve numerical wave generation. Within this computational domain, the inlet boundary, outlet boundary, and both side boundaries are all designated as velocity inlet boundaries, with force wave-generating regions established at these boundaries. The length of these regions is 1.5 times the incident wavelength (the optimal width of the wave-generating regions depends on the model's geometric parameters). The top of the computational domain is designated as the pressure outlet edge, while the floating photovoltaic array platform and the bottom of the computational domain are designated as non-slip wall boundaries (determined by the structural geometry).

[0081] In this embodiment, the finite volume method (FVM) with unstructured meshes is used to discretize the partial differential equations using numerical meshes. This numerical mesh can describe the characteristics of the computational domain and also perform variable transfer and calculation. Simultaneously, considering the hydrodynamic problems of the large-amplitude motion of the floating photovoltaic platform, this invention employs an overlapping mesh method. This method divides the computational domain into multiple sub-grids, which can be formed and moved independently. These sub-grids are then merged where needed through interpolation and information transfer to simulate the motion of the floating platform. To ensure the accuracy of the numerical solution, the computational domain also needs to be meshed. Considering the accuracy requirements of numerical wave generation, generally, one wavelength needs to be divided into 80-100 meshes along the wave propagation direction, and at least 20 meshes are needed along the wave height direction. Furthermore, to facilitate a smooth transition of the overlapping meshes during the solution of the floating body's motion, a transition region is generally defined around the overlapping meshes, and the mesh size of the transition region is kept as consistent as possible with the overlapping mesh region. To ensure the stability and convergence of the calculation, convergence conditions for the numerical simulation also need to be defined. The convergence criteria for numerical simulations should be set based on the Courant number (CFL), which should be controlled below 1. The Courant number can be defined as follows:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, U Max Δx represents the maximum velocity of the fluid. Min Δt represents the minimum structure mesh size, and Δt represents the computation time step.

[0084] In one embodiment of the present invention, based on the three-dimensional model and simulation equations of the floating photovoltaic module 1 after mesh generation, the wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module 1 is determined, including:

[0085] Numerical simulations were performed on each node of the three-dimensional model of the floating photovoltaic module 1 after meshing, based on the simulation equations, to determine the wave phenomenon of each node.

[0086] By observing the wave-like phenomena at each node, the wave-like phenomena on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module 1 are determined.

[0087] In this embodiment, firstly, based on the simulation equations, numerical simulations are performed on each node of the three-dimensional model of the floating photovoltaic module 1 after meshing, to clarify the wave-following phenomenon at each node. This step can accurately capture changes at the microscopic level of the model and obtain detailed data for each node. Then, by summarizing and analyzing the wave-following phenomenon at each node, the analysis moves from the microscopic to the macroscopic level, thereby determining the overall wave-following phenomenon of the deck of the floating photovoltaic module 1. This analysis method, from local to global, can comprehensively and accurately reflect the wave-following condition of the deck of the floating photovoltaic module 1 under complex working conditions, providing detailed and reliable data support for subsequent research and evaluation.

[0088] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0089] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0090] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0091] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0092] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A frame-type nearshore floating solar photovoltaic device, characterized in that, include: Multiple floating photovoltaic modules (1), two adjacent floating photovoltaic modules (1) are connected by two hinges (2) to form an array module, and the outermost floating photovoltaic module (1) is connected to a concrete anchor block (3) by an anchor chain buckle (12) and an anchor chain (11); The floating photovoltaic module (1) includes a platform frame (4) and a photovoltaic module (5). The photovoltaic module (5) is mounted on the platform frame (4). The platform frame (4) is equipped with a float. The height of the platform frame (4) is greater than a preset height so that the photovoltaic module (5) can absorb light that is directly irradiated to it and light reflected from the sea surface. The preset height is determined based on the wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module (1); The wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module (1) is determined in the following way: Obtain the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic module (1); Based on the geometric parameters, a three-dimensional model of the floating photovoltaic module (1) is determined; The computational domain of the three-dimensional model is extracted and meshed to obtain a three-dimensional model of the floating photovoltaic module (1) after meshing. Based on the three-dimensional model and simulation equations of the floating photovoltaic module (1) after the grid division, the wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module (1) is determined; The simulation equations include force field simulation equations, flow field simulation equations, six-degree-of-freedom motion simulation equations of the floating body, and mooring force simulation equations. In the process of determining the wave phenomenon on the deck of the floating photovoltaic module (1), the flow field simulation equations are processed by source term wave suppression. The flow field simulation equations are constructed using the following formula: ρ=aρ1+(1-a)ρ2 μ=αμ1+(1-α)μ2 In the formula, ρ1 is the density of water, ρ2 is the density of air, μ1 is the viscosity of water, μ2 is the viscosity of air, U is the dynamic viscosity of water, and U r Let be the dynamic viscosity of air, and α be the volume fraction of water in the computational domain; The six-degree-of-freedom motion simulation equations for the floating body are constructed using the following formula: In the formula, v f Let ω be the velocity components of the floating body along the x, y, z directions. f F represents the angular velocity components of the floating body rotating about the x, y, and z axes. mooring For mooring force, F f For the floating body to be subjected to the net external force, f c M is the connecting force between multiple floating bodies. f The sum of the moments generated by the various forces, dS is the area of ​​the structure subjected to the forces, m f For the overall platform quality, I f Let r be the rotational inertia of the structure. CS For fluid force, r CM For mooring force, r CG For gravity, r CF t represents the lever arm length of the multibody connection force from the center of mass, and t represents time. The six-degree-of-freedom motion simulation equations of the floating bodies describe the dynamic behavior of multiple interconnected floating bodies, coupled together using different types of constraints to translate and rotate relative to each other. The constraint equations for the multi-floating body connectors are as follows: φ(q,t)=0 Ja=Q In the formula, J is the Jacobian matrix of φ, a is the acceleration of the floating body, and Q represents heterogeneity; To enforce the acceleration conditions, constraint forces need to be added to the system, which is achieved by introducing the Lagrange multiplier λ of all constraints. f c =J T ×λ We need to find the vector λ so that we can combine the constraint forces f. c With any external force F f In all cases, it can generate results that satisfy the constraints; Therefore, the equations of motion for a multi-buoy body can be written as follows: Ma=J T λ+F f Assuming Aλ = b, and multiplying the equations of motion of the multi-buoyant body by the Jacobian matrix J on the left, we get... A=JM -1 J T b=-JM -1 F f +Q Substituting A and b, we can find λ. Given λ, we can then apply the equation... By performing two integrations, the generalized coordinate vector can be obtained; The mooring force simulation equations are constructed using the following formula: In the formula, x is the horizontal distance between the cable guide hole and the anchor point, h is the vertical distance between the cable guide hole and the anchor point, and T is the vertical distance between the cable guide hole and the anchor point. H The horizontal component of the anchor rope tension and T V Let φ be the vertical component of the anchor rope tension, φw be the angle formed by the mooring tension, W be the constant weight per unit length of mooring line in water, EA be the elastic stiffness of the mooring chain, and l be the vertical component of the anchor rope tension. s This refers to the length of the mooring line; The force field simulation equations are constructed using the following formula: F=0.5ρ3g 2 H 2 T 2 / 2π In the formula, H is the wave height, T is the period, ρ3 is the seawater density, g is the gravitational acceleration, and F is the wave force. The flow field simulation equations are processed by source term mitigation using the following equations: q φ =-gr4(φ-φ * ) In the formula, γ is the fluid dynamic coefficient, ρ4 is the fluid density, φ is the current solution of the flow field simulation equation, and φ* is the value that the flow field simulation equation approaches.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An inner anti-collision fender (13) is provided between two adjacent floating photovoltaic modules (1). The inner anti-collision fender (13) is provided on the platform frame (4) and is used to buffer the collision between the platform frames (4).

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, An outer anti-collision fender is provided between two adjacent platform frames (4) and is installed on the main platform frame. The main platform frame is composed of all the platform frames (4). The outer anti-collision fender is used to buffer the collision between the main platform frame and marine floating objects.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The platform frame (4) includes a square platform top frame (17), steel frame beams (14), cross support beams (18), and steel frame main beams (15); the platform top frame (17) is provided with a photovoltaic panel support base (16) composed of multiple transverse support beams and multiple longitudinal support beams, and the transverse support beams and the longitudinal support beams are arranged in a grid pattern.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The platform frame (4) is fixed to a platform base (20).

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pontoon is set at the bottom of the platform frame (4) via a pontoon connector. The pontoon connector includes two short connecting shafts fixed on the pontoon. The two ends of the pontoon are respectively sleeved on the two short connecting shafts and rotatably connected to the short connecting shafts.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pontoon includes a horizontal plastic pontoon (7) and a vertical plastic pontoon (6). The horizontal plastic pontoon (7) is divided into left and right halves, which are clamped on the steel frame beam (14) and connected by a first pontoon connector (8). The vertical plastic pontoon (6) is divided into upper and lower halves and connected by a second pontoon connector (9) to achieve quick setup of the pontoon.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module (5) is fixed to the photovoltaic panel support (16) by a photovoltaic fastener (19).

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