A perforation device for the feeding belt of a shot blasting machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a perforation device for a shot blasting machine's feeding belt, relating to the field of shot blasting machine belt perforation technology. It includes a first station and a second station. The first station includes two punching tools, with a pressure plate on the outer edge of each punching tool. The punching tools and the pressure plate slide axially relative to each other. A support plate is located below the belt and the pressure plate, with a discharge hole corresponding to the punching tool on the support plate. The second station includes two drill rods, with a hydraulic cavity installed directly below each drill rod. A piston rod is slidably connected to the end of the hydraulic cavity, and a support frame is slidably connected to the hydraulic cavity. A trimming tool is installed on the top of the support frame. This perforation device for a shot blasting machine's feeding belt, by setting two stations, performs trimming after perforation, turning the right-angled edges produced by perforation into chamfered or rounded edges, thereby effectively avoiding stress concentration and preventing cracks at the edge of the perforated belt, thus extending the belt's service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of belt perforation technology for shot blasting machines, specifically to a device for perforating the feeding belt of a shot blasting machine. Background Technology

[0002] A shot blasting machine is a casting equipment that uses high-speed shot to clean or strengthen the surface of castings. A shot blasting machine can simultaneously remove sand, cores, and clean castings. The machine is powered by a motor that drives a shot suspension frame via a belt, simultaneously transporting the shot to the shot blasting wheel. The shot is then ejected at high speed and impacts the surface of the workpiece.

[0003] The shot suspension frame of the shot blasting machine is fixed by bolts and nuts. Holes are pre-drilled in the belt, and then it is locked in place by nuts and screws. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the main existing methods for drilling belts are punching or drilling. Regardless of the method, the holes in the belt have right angles at both ends. Since the shot suspension bracket has a certain mass when carrying steel shot, the bolt force is always directed towards one end along the belt's length. Furthermore, the belt has a certain thickness, so the force directions at both ends of the hole are opposite. Figure 3 As shown, the belt is tensioned by the action of the transmission wheel, and the edge of the hole is as follows: Figure 3 The two black dots on the belt are subjected to stress, and the right angle edge easily leads to stress concentration. Therefore, during long-term use, cracks will appear at the edge of the bolt mounting hole of the shot blasting machine, meaning that the right angle edge hole will affect the service life of the belt. To address this, we propose a perforation device for the feed belt of a shot blasting machine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a perforation device for the feeding belt of a shot blasting machine to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a hole punching device for a shot blasting machine feeding belt, comprising a first station and a second station, wherein the first station and the second station are arranged sequentially along the belt forward direction, and the distance between the two stations is the distance between two adjacent sets of holes in the belt length direction.

[0006] The first station includes two punching cutters that are synchronized and arranged side by side along the width of the belt. The outer edge of the punching cutter is provided with a pressure plate. The punching cutter and the pressure plate slide relative to each other axially. A bearing plate is provided below the belt and the pressure plate. The bearing plate is provided with a blanking hole corresponding to the punching cutter.

[0007] The second station includes two drill rods corresponding to the punching tool. A hydraulic chamber containing hydraulic oil is installed directly below the drill rod and under the belt. A piston rod is slidably connected to the central shaft end of the hydraulic chamber. The upper end of the piston rod is sleeved with the drill rod and rotates synchronously. A support frame is also slidably connected to the hydraulic chamber along the axial direction. The support frame and the piston rod are driven by hydraulic oil in a 1:1 ratio and move in opposite directions. A trimming tool that rotates synchronously with the drill rod is installed on the top of the support frame. A trimming tool is also fixedly installed on the drill rod above the belt.

[0008] Preferably, a synchronous sleeve is rotatably connected to the support frame via a bearing. The synchronous sleeve and the piston rod are axially slidably fitted together and cannot rotate relative to each other. The trimming tool is fixedly installed at the end of the synchronous sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, a first compression ring that moves synchronously with the synchronous sleeve is provided above the synchronous sleeve, and a second compression ring is rotatably connected to the drill rod.

[0010] Preferably, the first extrusion ring and the second extrusion ring extend into a cylindrical shape at one end face away from the belt and cover the trimming tool inside. There is a gap between the first extrusion ring and the synchronizing sleeve in the axial direction. After the synchronizing sleeve moves upward and before the trimming tool contacts the belt, the synchronizing sleeve abuts against the first extrusion ring and pushes it upward.

[0011] Preferably, the overall cross-sectional edge line of the synchronizing sleeve and the trimming tool mounted thereon decreases in height radially outward from the axis.

[0012] Preferably, the edge of the trimming tool is concave towards the axis, and its concave curve is adapted to the amount of belt protrusion under the compression state of the first and second extrusion rings.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end face of the cylindrical extension of the first extrusion ring is provided with ball bearings at the contact position with the upper end face of the synchronization sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the end of the drill rod is connected to at least one set of axially extending limiting strips, and the upper end of the corresponding piston rod is recessed into a groove, and a number of spaced ribs are provided on the surface of the recessed groove.

[0015] Preferably, the upper end of the rib is provided with a spiral curved surface, which guides the limiting strip into the limiting range formed by the two ribs.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] This invention sets up two workstations to trim the edges after drilling, turning the right-angled edges produced by drilling into chamfered or rounded corners, thereby effectively avoiding stress concentration and preventing cracks from forming at the edges of the belt holes, thus extending the belt's service life.

[0018] The first station of the present invention can effectively suppress the flying of shavings because the pressure plate and the bearing plate can effectively suppress the flying of shavings. The second station forms a relatively closed area through the extension of the extrusion ring, thereby effectively isolating the shavings during the trimming time and automatically removing them after the trimming is completed, effectively reducing the flying of shavings and thus avoiding the environmental and health problems they cause.

[0019] The trimming of this invention can be performed on both sides simultaneously at one workstation, effectively improving efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a steel shot suspension bracket on a belt.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the steel shot suspension bracket with bolts installed.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the stress state at the edge of the belt hole caused by the spiral of the steel shot suspension bracket inside the belt hole.

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the two workstations;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the second workstation;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure in area A;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the trimming tool;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section of the piston rod;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the end ribs of one embodiment of the piston rod;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the belt deformation under the action of the compression ring;

[0030] Figure 11 These represent the theoretical and actual edge lines of the belt under the action of the trimming tool.

[0031] In the diagram: 1-First station; 2-Second station; 101-Punching tool; 102-Blanking plate; 103-Bearing plate; 104-Dumping hole; 201-Drill rod; 202-Hydraulic cavity; 203-Piston rod; 204-Support bracket; 205-Trimping tool; 206-Synchronizing sleeve; 207-First extrusion ring; 208-Second extrusion ring; 209-Limiting strip; 2010-Rib. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See Figure 3. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a punching device for a shot blasting machine feeding belt, comprising two stations arranged one after the other, namely a first station 1 and a second station 2. The two stations are sequential. The feeding belt is tensioned under the action of the conveying mechanism, and a worktable or rotating roller is provided below the belt for interval support. The belt is first punched at the first station 1, and then enters the second station 2 for trimming. The first station 1 and the second station 2 are each provided with two sets, arranged side by side along the width direction of the belt, because there are generally two bolts on the steel shot suspension frame.

[0034] The first station 1 includes a punching tool 101 mounted on the machine tool. The punching tool 101 can be either a punch or a drill bit, and both punching methods can be used. A pressure plate 102 is also flexibly mounted on the machine tool. The pressure plate 102 has a through hole in the middle. The pressure plate 102 slides with the punching tool 101 through the through hole, so that the two can move relative to each other. Correspondingly, a support plate 103 is set directly below the pressure plate 102 and under the belt and fixed to the worktable. The support plate 103 has a blanking hole 104 corresponding to the through hole in the pressure plate 102. The blanking hole 104 is stepped. The diameter of the upper part is the same as the diameter of the hole to be punched on the belt, that is, the diameter of the through hole on the pressure plate 102. The diameter of the lower part is slightly larger than the diameter of the punching tool 101 to facilitate blanking.

[0035] The second workstation 2 includes a drill rod 201 mounted on the machine tool. The drill rod 201 can move up and down and rotate with the machine tool. A connecting flange is fixedly mounted on the drill rod 201, and a trimming tool 205 is fixedly mounted through the connecting flange. The trimming tool 205 on the drill rod 201 is located above the belt. A hydraulic chamber 202 is located below the belt and directly below the drill rod 201. The hydraulic chamber 202 is fixedly mounted on the worktable. The hydraulic chamber 202 is a rotary double-layered cylindrical body, with one end open and the other end closed, but a connecting hole is provided between the two layers. A piston rod 203 is also present. The piston rod 203 is slidably disposed in the middle of the hydraulic cavity 202, and the two are coaxial. Similarly, the support bracket 204 is also slidably connected to the hydraulic cavity 202 on the same axis, forming a closed cavity between the piston rod 203, the hydraulic cavity 202 and the support bracket 204. The closed cavity is filled with hydraulic oil, and the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic cavity 202 in the area connected to the piston rod 203 is the same as the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic cavity 202 in the area connected to the support bracket 204, thereby enabling the piston rod 203 and the support bracket 204 to drive each other in a 1:1 ratio and move in opposite directions.

[0036] To allow the trimming tool 205 below to rotate, the support 204 and the piston rod 203 rotate synchronously. This is achieved by setting a limit pin or similar structure that allows axial sliding between them. Similarly, the end of the piston rod 203 and the lower end of the drill rod 201 also rotate synchronously after contact. Synchronous rotation can be achieved by having a mechanism that restricts the relative rotation of the two after the drill rod 201 moves down and abuts the end of the piston rod 203. For example, a threaded connection can be used. Alternatively, a clamping mechanism can be used, where a lever is pushed after the drill rod 201 moves down, and the other end of the lever moves upward to clamp the drill rod 201 from both sides for synchronous rotation.

[0037] Specifically, after the belt is tensioned, it moves. Initially, only the punching tool 101 moves down. During the downward movement, the pressure plate 102 first contacts the belt and presses it down, so that the belt, pressure plate 102 and bearing plate 103 clamp the belt. At this time, the belt tensioning and winding mechanism also stops moving. As it continues to press down, the punching tool 101 contacts the belt, thus starting to create holes.

[0038] After the initial drilling, the machine tool moves upward, and the punching tool 101 and the pressure plate 102 both leave the belt. At this time, the belt begins to move, and the drilled hole moves to directly below the second station 2. At this time, both the first station 1 and the second station 2 work simultaneously. The first station 1 continues to drill in the manner described above, while the second station 2 moves the drill rod 201 downward along with the machine tool until the drill rod 201 contacts the piston rod 203. At this time, the drill rod 201 begins to rotate along with the machine tool shaft, synchronously driving the piston rod 203. Simultaneously, the main machine tool... The shaft continues to move downwards, and the drill rod 201 pushes the piston rod 203 downwards. Under hydraulic transmission, the support frame 204 moves upwards. At this time, the two trimming tools 205 located on the upper and lower sides of the belt rotate synchronously and move towards each other, repairing the edges of both ends of the hole on the belt. The cutting edge of the tool is inclined, thus producing a chamfer. After reaching the chamfering depth, the trimming is completed. Then the drill rod 201 can stop moving and move upwards. The drill rod 201 separates from the piston rod 203, while the piston rod 203 and the support frame 204 return to their original positions under the action of gravity.

[0039] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 Further details the connection between the drill rod 201 and the piston rod 203, namely, the upper end of the piston rod 203 is recessed to form a blind hole, and ribs 2010 are provided at intervals on the inner side wall of the blind hole. Correspondingly, a limiting strip 209 is provided on the side wall of the drill rod 201, and the lower end of the limiting strip 209 is spherical, the upper end surface of the rib 2010 is spherical, and the distance between two adjacent ribs 2010 is exactly matched with the limiting strip 209, thereby achieving synchronous rotation;

[0040] Because ribs 2010 require a certain strength, their number is reduced, their width is increased, and the spacing between adjacent ribs 2010 remains unchanged. A spiral guide surface is provided at the end of each rib 2010, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the guide limit strip 209 enters the gap of the rib 2010, thereby rotating synchronously;

[0041] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The support frame 204 is divided into upper and lower parts, both of which are cylindrical. The two parts are fixedly connected in the middle by bolts or other structures. The synchronous sleeve 206 is rotatably connected to the support frame 204 through bearings and extends beyond the top of the support frame 204. The top of the synchronous sleeve 206 is also provided with a fixed flange. The trimming tool 205 is fixedly installed on the fixed flange. Unlike the above embodiment in which the support frame 204 rotates, in this embodiment, the support frame 204 only needs to move up and down. Therefore, it is set with a limit pin or other structure between it and the hydraulic cavity 202 for sliding and cannot be rotated. The advantage of this method is that it can prevent the end of the support frame 204 from rotating in the hydraulic cavity 202, thereby affecting the seal. Furthermore, the lower end of the piston rod 203 is also rotatably connected to the piston.

[0042] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 Because the belt itself is flexible, if both sides are trimmed simultaneously without a pressing mechanism, the edge area of ​​the belt hole will be unstable. Therefore, a pressing mechanism is set in the outer diameter area of ​​the two trimming cutters 205, namely the first pressing ring 207 and the second pressing ring 208. The two pressing rings have a symmetrical structure and are respectively installed on the drill rod 201 and the synchronous sleeve 206. The second pressing ring 208 and the synchronous sleeve 206 have a hollow structure so that the chips can slide off from here. The two pressing rings press the belt from the upper and lower layers respectively to make the trimming more stable.

[0043] refer to Figure 6 The first extrusion ring 207 and the second extrusion ring 208 extend from opposite ends to form a frustum-shaped cylindrical structure. The two are symmetrical, that is, they have some structural differences. The second extrusion ring 208 is fixedly installed on the flange on the drill rod 201, while the first extrusion ring 207 is slidably set on the worktable along the axial direction. The lower end of the first extrusion ring 207 does not contact the upper end face of the synchronous sleeve 206 in the initial state. There is a certain gap between the two. This gap is used to discharge the debris. The two extended extrusion rings not only serve to stabilize the belt, but also to prevent dust. Both extrusion rings wrap around the trimming tool 205, thus forming a relatively closed structure in the working state. The debris only remains in this relatively closed space.

[0044] Specifically, during the downward movement of drill rod 201, after contacting piston rod 203, synchronous sleeve 206 moves upward a short distance and then contacts first extrusion ring 207. At this time, the distance between the lower end face of second extrusion ring 208 and the upper surface of belt is the same as the distance between first extrusion ring 207 and lower surface of belt. Immediately afterwards, first extrusion ring 207 moves upward under the action of synchronous sleeve 206. Second extrusion ring 208 is shaped like an inverted truncated cone, which allows the raised debris to enter the first extrusion ring 207 through belt hole under the action of gravity, and then be discharged when synchronous sleeve 206 moves downward, which can effectively prevent debris from flying during trimming.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to make the rotation between the first extrusion ring 207 and the synchronizing sleeve 206 more stable, balls are provided on the contact surface between the two to replace static friction with rolling friction, and preferably the balls are rotatably located on the outer side of the lower end of the extension of the first extrusion ring 207 (not shown in the figure).

[0046] See Figure 6 In order to better discharge the debris stored in the space formed by the synchronous sleeve 206, the trimming tool 205 and the first extrusion ring 207, the trimming tool 205 and the synchronous sleeve 206 are inclined downward in the radial direction, so that the debris can slide down under the action of gravity. The overall inclined state is that the height decreases, but it is not necessarily complete and continuous. It can drop suddenly, but it cannot form a groove.

[0047] Furthermore, a receiving hopper can be provided at the outer edge of the gap between the first extrusion ring 207 and the synchronous sleeve 206 to receive the crushed material.

[0048] See Figure 7 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 When the cutting edge of the tool is set to an inclined straight line, a chamfer is formed at the end edge of the belt hole, such as... Figure 11 In a straight line, after the compression ring is installed, the compression ring exerts a certain pressure, which will cause local deformation of the belt, such as... Figure 10 As shown by the solid line, at this point, the cutter will no longer create a chamfer on the belt, but rather a shape as shown in the image. Figure 11 The dotted line in the figure shows an arc-shaped chamfer that approximates a rounded chamfer. However, compared to an arc-shaped chamfer, the two ends of the beveled chamfer still have an included angle (obtuse angle). Although it is less likely to cause stress concentration than a right angle, it is still not as good as the continuity of a rounded corner. Therefore, the cutting edge shape of the trimming tool 205 can be adjusted according to the amount of deformation caused by the extrusion ring. The closer the angle is to a rounded chamfer, the better. Because the extrusion ring causes greater deformation (protrusion) on the surface of the belt closer to the surface of the belt, the more concave the cutting edge line of the trimming tool 205 is to the amount of belt deformation, which can produce a chamfer shape that is closer to a rounded chamfer.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0050] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A perforation device for a shot blasting machine's feeding belt, comprising a first station (1) and a second station (2), characterized in that: The first station (1) and the second station (2) are set sequentially along the belt forward direction, and the distance between them is the distance between two adjacent sets of holes along the belt length direction; The first station (1) includes two punching cutters (101) that are synchronous and arranged side by side along the width of the belt. The outer edge of the punching cutter (101) is provided with a pressure plate (102). The punching cutter (101) and the pressure plate (102) slide relative to each other axially. A support plate (103) is provided below the belt and the pressure plate (102). The support plate (103) is provided with a blanking hole (104) corresponding to the punching cutter (101). The second station (2) includes two drill rods (201) corresponding to the punching tool (101). A hydraulic cavity (202) containing hydraulic oil is installed directly below the drill rod (201) and under the belt. A piston rod (203) is slidably connected to the central shaft end of the hydraulic cavity (202). The upper end of the piston rod (203) is sleeved with the drill rod (201) and rotates synchronously. A support frame (204) is also slidably connected to the hydraulic cavity (202) along the axial direction. The support frame (204) and the piston rod (203) are driven by hydraulic oil in a 1:1 ratio and move in opposite directions. A trimming tool (205) that rotates synchronously with the drill rod (201) is installed on the top of the support frame (204). A trimming tool (205) is also fixedly installed on the drill rod (201) above the belt.

2. The perforation device for the feeding belt of a shot blasting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (204) is rotatably connected to a synchronous sleeve (206) via a bearing. The synchronous sleeve (206) and the piston rod (203) are axially slidably fitted together and cannot rotate relative to each other. The trimming tool (205) is fixedly installed at the end of the synchronous sleeve (206).

3. The perforation device for the feeding belt of a shot blasting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first compression ring (207) that moves synchronously with the synchronous sleeve (206) is provided above it, and a second compression ring (208) is rotatably connected to the drill rod (201).

4. The perforation device for the feeding belt of a shot blasting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first extrusion ring (207) and the second extrusion ring (208) extend into a cylindrical shape away from one end face of the belt and enclose the trimming tool (205). The first extrusion ring (207) and the synchronizing sleeve (206) have a gap in the axial direction. After the synchronizing sleeve (206) moves upward and before the trimming tool (205) contacts the belt, the synchronizing sleeve (206) abuts against the first extrusion ring (207) and pushes it upward.

5. The perforation device for the feeding belt of a shot blasting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The overall cross-sectional edge line of the synchronous sleeve (206) and the trimming tool (205) mounted thereon decreases in height radially outward from the axis.

6. The perforation device for the feeding belt of a shot blasting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The edge of the trimming tool (205) is concave towards the axis, and its concave curve is adapted to the amount of belt protrusion under the compression state of the first extrusion ring (207) and the second extrusion ring (208).

7. The perforation device for the feeding belt of a shot blasting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end face of the cylindrical extension of the first extrusion ring (207) is provided with ball bearings at the contact position between the upper end face of the synchronizing sleeve (206).

8. The perforation device for the feeding belt of a shot blasting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill rod (201) is connected to at least one set of axially extending limiting strips (209) at its end, and the upper end of the corresponding piston rod (203) is recessed into a groove, and a number of spaced ribs (2010) are provided on the surface of the recessed groove.

9. A perforating device for a shot blasting machine feeding belt according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper end of the rib (2010) is provided with a spiral curved surface, which guides the limiting strip (209) into the limiting interval formed by the two ribs (2010).

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