Low-melting-point metal melting oil pipe plugging tool

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum downhole equipment, and relates to a low-melting-point metal melting oil pipe plugging tool. The tool is composed of a cable, a sealing column, a clamping claw, a pressing nut, a releasing inner barrel, a shear pin, a releasing outer barrel, a wiring module, an elastic centralizer, an upper connector, a storage barrel, a protection barrel, a heating module, a cable protection barrel, low-melting-point metal, a lower connector, a firing line, a piston barrel, a fusing column, a solid medicament, a piston column, an elastic piece clamping column, a push rod, a sliding ring, a bearing disc blade and a spring. And a receiving disc column. When in use, the tool is lowered to a specified position of an oil pipe to be plugged through a cable. The wiring module is connected with a firing line in the piston cylinder. After the solid medicament is ignited, high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated, the fusing column in the middle is rapidly fused, the piston column is pushed to move downwards, and the gathering elastic piece is extruded to clamp the column. The spring releases and pushes the slip ring to move upwards. And the blades of the receiving disc are expanded through the push rod. And then the heating module is electrified through the wiring module, and the low-melting-point metal is heated and melted to be in a liquid state. And the liquid metal is gradually cooled and solidified to form a compact metal plug to plug the oil pipe. The plugging tool is reasonable in design, easy to operate and good in plugging effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum downhole equipment, in particular to a low-melting-point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool. Background Art

[0002] When working underground in the petroleum industry, sometimes it is necessary to plug the oil pipe. And when oil and gas production is exhausted, it is also necessary to plug the oil and gas wells. Then this plugging technology requires the durability, corrosion resistance, high sealing and pressure resistance of the plugging. Prevent accidents caused by plugging failure and suffer huge economic losses. The plugging technologies currently used include mechanical structure tool plugging, chemical plugging and cement plugging. Mechanical structure tool plugging has poor sealing effect and insufficient sealing time due to oxidation and aging of its seals. Chemical plugging has great environmental pollution and general sealing effect. Cement plugging takes a long time to construct and has poor sealing effect. Using low melting point metals for plugging can improve the plugging effect. For example, bismuth metal has its inherent characteristics and a low melting point. The melted fluid can flow like molten wax and can enter narrow gaps. It can solidify to form a plug within a few minutes. It will expand when solidifying, which makes bismuth metal particularly suitable for underground plugging. Corrosion resistance, it can be maintained underground for thousands of years without failure. Small impact on the environment. Bismuth is a recyclable element, which means it can be reused and repurposed without additional mining or extraction. This helps reduce waste and protect natural resources. Like tin, indium, metal mixtures, metal alloys, etc., can also achieve the plugging function. This low-melting-point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool forms a metal plug inside the oil pipe to achieve the plugging of the oil pipe. It meets the durability, corrosion resistance, high sealing and pressure resistance required for plugging. The construction operation time is short, efficient and reliable. Low cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to seal the downhole oil pipe of a gas well by melting a low-melting-point metal, thereby improving efficiency, enhancing the sealing effect and reducing costs.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: the tool consists of a cable, a sealing column, a clamping claw, a clamping nut, a release inner cylinder, a shear pin, a release outer cylinder, a wiring module, an elastic stabilizer, an upper joint, a storage cylinder, a protective cylinder, a heating module, a cable protection cylinder, a low-melting-point metal, a lower joint, a ignition wire, a piston cylinder, a fuse column, a solid medicine, a piston column, a shrapnel clamping column, a push rod, a slip ring, a receiving plate blade, a spring, and a receiving plate column; the wiring module is installed in the release outer cylinder; the lower end of the wiring module is connected to two parts of the cable, one part is connected to the heating module, and the other part is connected to the ignition wire; the sealing column, the clamping claw and the clamping nut together have a clamping and sealing effect on the cable; the release inner cylinder and the release outer cylinder are connected by a shear pin; the elastic stabilizer is used for centering the tool in the pipe column; the release outer cylinder and the upper joint are connected by a sealing pipe thread.

[0005] The material used for cooling and plugging the oil pipe after melting is a low melting point metal such as bismuth, tin, indium, metal mixtures, and metal alloys, and its melting point ranges from 150°C to 400°C; the plugging material can exist in the form of particles (particle size 3mm~10mm), short cylinders, etc.

[0006] The storage cylinder and the upper joint are connected by screws, and the lower end of the storage cylinder is against the lower joint; the storage cylinder is filled with low-melting-point metal; the protective cylinder is connected to the upper joint through a sealing pipe thread, and is connected to the lower joint through a sealing pipe thread; the heating module is installed in the protective cylinder, its upper end is against the lower end surface of the upper joint, and its lower end is against the upper end surface of the lower joint; the cable protective cylinder is installed in the heating module, its upper end is against the lower end surface of the upper joint, and its lower end is against the upper end surface of the lower joint.

[0007] The lower joint is connected to the receiving disc column through a sealing pipe thread; the piston cylinder is installed in the receiving disc column, and its upper end face is limited by the inner end face of the lower joint, and the lower end face is limited by the boss of the receiving disc column, wherein solid medicine is filled; after being specially made, the medicine will not explode after being ignited, and a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be quickly generated; the piston column is installed in the piston cylinder, and its upper end face is limited by the boss of the piston cylinder, and its lower end is supported by the shrapnel clamp column; two fuse columns pass through the top hole of the piston cylinder and are welded to the piston cylinder, and the gap of the top hole of the piston cylinder is blocked with sealing material, and the lower end of the fuse column is connected to the piston column Welding; the spring clip column is installed inside the receiving plate column, and its upper end is against the piston column, and the spring clip column passes through the side hole of the receiving plate column to block the slip ring; the slip ring is fixedly connected to the spring; the push rod is hinged with the slip ring and hinged with the receiving plate blade; the lower end of the spring is against the receiving plate column; when not working, the spring is in a compressed state; the receiving plate blade is installed in the receiving plate column slot, and the blade is fixed with a metal wire; four of the receiving plate blades are connected to the push rod; the edge of each blade is installed with rubber edges and burrs, which has a certain sealing and leak-proof effect; each blade is in an overlapping manner.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the tool is lowered to the position in the oil pipe that needs to be sealed through the cable; the fuse is energized to ignite the solid medicine, generating a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which quickly melts the fuse column, and the gas pushes the piston column to move downward; when the piston column moves a certain distance, the boss of the receiving plate column limits the further movement of the piston column; when the piston column moves downward, the spring clip column is squeezed and gathered, and the column moves inward to the inside of the receiving plate column; when the spring clip column retracts, the slip ring is pushed by the spring to move axially; the receiving plate blades are opened by the push rod, and the blades are against the oil pipe; at the same time, the cable is energized and the heating module is started After a period of heating, the low-melting-point metal in the storage tube melts due to the heat to form a low-melting-point metal fluid, which flows out from the wall holes of the storage tube and flows downward; the low-melting-point metal fluid flows to the receiving plate blades, and the receiving plate blades receive the low-melting-point metal fluid and prevent it from flowing downward; when the heating is over, the low-melting-point metal fluid gradually solidifies to form a sealing plug; after the sealing plug is formed, the cable is pulled, and the shear pin will break when the pulling force is greater than its own maximum shear force, thereby separating the inner and outer cylinders of the throwing hand; the cable is lifted to the ground, the cable recovery is completed, and the sealing operation is completed.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: reasonable design, simple construction operation, low cost, environmental friendliness, good sealing effect, long-term sealing, and achieving better sealing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the low-melting-point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the low-melting-point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool after the blades are opened; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the low-melting-point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool after heating; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the storage cylinder structure; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the piston cylinder structure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spring clip clamping column structure of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the receiving plate blade structure with a hinged joint and without a hinged joint of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving plate column structure of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overlapping state of the receiving disc blades of the present invention; In the figure, 1-cable, 2-sealing column, 3-clamping claw, 4-pressing nut, 5-disconnector inner cylinder, 6-shear pin, 7-disconnector outer cylinder, 8-wiring module, 9-elastic stabilizer, 10-upper joint, 11-storage cylinder, 12-protective cylinder, 13-heating module, 14-cable protection cylinder, 15-low melting point metal, 16-lower joint, 17-fuse, 18-piston cylinder, 19-fuse column, 20-solid medicine, 21-piston column, 22-shrapnel clamping column, 23-push rod, 24-slip ring, 25-receiving disk blade, 26-spring, 27-receiving disk column, 11a-storage cylinder wall hole, 18a-piston cylinder top hole, 27a-receiving disk column side hole, 27b-receiving disk column clamping groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

[0012] By the attached Figure 1 As shown, the low melting point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool of the present invention comprises a cable 1, a sealing column 2, a clamping claw 3, a pressing nut 4, a hand-release inner cylinder 5, a shear pin 6, a hand-release outer cylinder 7, a wiring module 8, an elastic stabilizer 9, an upper joint 10, a storage cylinder 11, a protective cylinder 12, a heating module 13, a cable protective cylinder 14, a low melting point metal 15, a lower joint 16, a ignition line 17, a piston cylinder 18, a fuse column 19, a solid medicine 20, a piston column 21, a spring clamp column 22, a push rod 23, and a slip ring 2 4. The receiving plate blade 25, the spring 26 and the receiving plate column 27 are composed; the wiring module 8 is installed in the releasing outer tube 7; the lower end of the wiring module is connected to two parts of the cable, one part is connected to the heating module 13, and the other part is connected to the ignition line 17; the sealing column 2, the clamping claw 3 and the clamping nut 4 have a clamping and sealing effect on the cable 1; the releasing inner tube 5 and the releasing outer tube 7 are connected by the shear pin 6; the elastic straightener 9 is used for straightening and centering the tool in the pipe string; the releasing outer tube 7 and the upper joint 10 are connected by the sealing pipe thread.

[0013] The material used for cooling and plugging the oil pipe after melting is a low melting point metal such as bismuth, tin, indium, metal mixtures, and metal alloys, and its melting point ranges from 150°C to 400°C; the plugging material can exist in the form of particles (particle size 3mm~10mm), short cylinders, etc.

[0014] The storage cylinder 11 and the upper joint 10 are connected by screws, and the lower end of the storage cylinder 11 abuts against the lower joint 16; the storage cylinder 11 is filled with a low-melting-point metal 15; the protective cylinder 12 is connected to the upper joint 10 through a sealing pipe thread, and is connected to the lower joint 16 through a sealing pipe thread; the heating module 13 is installed in the protective cylinder 12, and its upper end abuts against the lower end surface of the upper joint 10, and its lower end abuts against the upper end surface of the lower joint 16; the cable protective cylinder 14 is installed in the heating module 13, and its upper end abuts against the lower end surface of the upper joint 10, and its lower end abuts against the upper end surface of the lower joint 16.

[0015] The lower joint 16 is connected to the receiving plate column 27 through a sealing pipe thread; the piston cylinder 18 is installed in the receiving plate column 27, and its upper end face is limited by the inner end face of the lower joint 16, and the lower end face is limited by the boss of the receiving plate column 27, which is filled with solid medicine 20; after being specially made, the medicine will not explode after being ignited, and a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be quickly generated; the piston column 21 is installed in the piston cylinder 18, and its upper end face is limited by the boss of the piston cylinder 18, and its lower end is supported by the shrapnel clamp column 22; two fuse columns 19 pass through the top hole 18a of the piston cylinder and are welded to the piston cylinder 20, and the gap of the top hole 18a of the piston cylinder is blocked with a sealing material, and the lower end of the fuse column 19 is connected to the piston column 21 welding; the spring clamping column 22 is installed inside the receiving plate column 27, and its upper end is against the piston column 21, and its clamping column passes through the side hole 27a of the receiving plate column to block the slip ring 24; the slip ring 24 is fixedly connected with the spring 26; the push rod 23 is hinged with the slip ring 24 and hinged with the receiving plate blade 25; the lower end of the spring 26 is against the receiving plate column 27; before working, the spring 26 is in a compressed state; the receiving plate blade 25 is installed in the receiving plate column slot 27b, and the blade is fixed with a metal wire; four of the receiving plate blades 25 are connected to the push rod; the edge of each blade is installed with a rubber edge and a burr, which has a certain sealing and leak-proof effect; each blade is in an overlapping manner.

[0016] By the attached Figure 2 As shown, the tool is lowered to the position in the oil pipe that needs to be sealed through the cable 1; the fuse 17 is energized to ignite the solid medicine 20, generating a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which quickly melts the fuse column 19 therein, and the gas pushes the piston column 21 to move downward; when the piston column moves a certain distance, the boss of the receiving plate column 27 limits the further movement of the piston column; when the piston column 27 moves downward, it squeezes and gathers the spring clip column 22, and the column moves inward to the inside of the receiving plate column 27; when the spring clip column 22 retracts, the slip ring 24 is pushed by the spring 26 to move axially; the receiving plate blades 25 are opened by the push rod 23, and the blades are against the oil pipe.

[0017] By the attached Figure 3As shown, the tool cable is powered on, the heating module 13 is started, and after a period of heating, the low-melting-point metal 15 in the storage tube 11 is melted by the heat to form a low-melting-point metal fluid, which flows out from the storage tube wall hole 11a and flows downward; the low-melting-point metal fluid flows to the receiving plate blades 25, and the receiving plate blades 25 receive the low-melting-point metal fluid and prevent it from flowing downward; when the heating is completed, the low-melting-point metal fluid gradually solidifies to form a sealing plug; after the sealing plug is formed, the cable 1 is pulled up, and the shear pin 6 will break when the pulling force it receives is greater than its own maximum shear force, thereby separating the inner and outer tubes 5 and 7; the cable 1 is lifted to the ground, the cable 1 is recovered, and the plugging operation of the oil pipe is completed.

[0018] The beneficial effect to be achieved by the present invention is only to achieve better beneficial effects under specific circumstances compared with the current implementation schemes in the prior art, rather than to directly achieve the best use effect in the industry.

[0019] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the technology or knowledge of the above-mentioned related fields. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-melting-point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool, the tool comprising a cable (1), a sealing column (2), a clamping claw (3), a compression nut (4), a release inner cylinder (5), a shear pin (6), a release outer cylinder (7), a wiring module (8), an elastic stabilizer (9), an upper joint (10), a storage cylinder (11), a protective cylinder (12), a heating module (13), a cable protective cylinder (14), a low-melting-point metal (15), a lower joint (16), a ignition line (17), a piston cylinder (18), a fuse column (19), a solid medicine (20), a piston column (21), a spring clip column (22), a push rod (23), a slip ring (24), a receiving plate blade (25), a spring (26), and a receiving plate column (27); the tool is characterized in that: The wiring module (8) is installed in the outer tube (7) of the release tool; the lower end of the wiring module is connected to two parts of the cable, one part is connected to the heating module (13), and the other part is connected to the ignition line (17); the sealing column (2), the clamping claw (3) and the pressing nut (4) together have a clamping and sealing effect on the cable (1); the release inner tube (5) and the release outer tube (7) are connected by a shear pin (6); the elastic stabilizer (9) is used for centering the tool in the pipe string; the release outer tube (7) and the upper joint (10) are connected by a sealing pipe thread.

2. The low-melting-point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool according to claim 1 is characterized by: The material used for cooling and plugging the oil pipe after melting is a low melting point metal such as bismuth, tin, indium, metal mixtures, and metal alloys, and its melting point ranges from 150°C to 400°C; the plugging material can exist in the form of particles (particle size 3mm~10mm), short cylinders, etc.

3. The low-melting-point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool according to claim 1 is characterized by: The storage tube (11) and the upper joint (10) are connected by screws, and the lower end of the storage tube (11) abuts against the lower joint (16); the storage tube (11) is filled with a low melting point metal (15); the protective tube (12) is connected to the upper joint (10) by a sealing pipe thread, and is connected to the lower joint (16) by a sealing pipe thread; the heating module (13) is installed in the protective tube (12), the upper end of which abuts against the lower end surface of the upper joint (10), and the lower end of which abuts against the upper end surface of the lower joint (16); the cable protective tube (14) is installed in the heating module (13), the upper end of which abuts against the lower end surface of the upper joint (10), and the lower end of which abuts against the upper end surface of the lower joint (16).

4. The low melting point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool according to claim 2 is characterized by: The lower joint (16) is connected to the receiving plate column (27) by means of a sealing pipe thread; the piston cylinder (18) is installed in the receiving plate column (27), the upper end surface of which is limited by the inner end surface of the lower joint (16), and the lower end surface is limited by the boss of the receiving plate column (27), wherein a solid heat-generating agent (20) is filled; after the agent is ignited, it will not explode, and a large amount of heat and gas will be generated rapidly; the piston column (21) is installed in the piston cylinder (18), the upper end surface of which is limited by the boss of the piston cylinder (18), and the lower end of which is supported by the spring clamping column (22); two fuse columns (19) pass through the top hole (18a) of the piston cylinder and are welded to the piston cylinder (20), the gap of the top hole (18a) of the piston cylinder is blocked by a sealing material, and the lower end of the fuse column (19) is welded to the piston column (21); The spring clip column (22) is installed inside the receiving plate column (27), and its upper end is against the piston column (21). The spring clip column (22) passes through the receiving plate column side hole (27a) to block the slip ring (24); the slip ring (24) is fixedly connected to the spring (26); the push rod (23) is hinged to the slip ring (24) and the receiving plate blade (25); the lower end of the spring (26) is against the receiving plate column (27); when not working, the spring (26) is in a compressed state; the receiving plate blade (25) is installed in the receiving plate column slot (27b), and the blade is fixed by a metal wire; four of the receiving plate blades (25) are connected to the push rod; the edge of each blade is installed with a rubber edge and a burr, which has a certain sealing and leak-proof effect; each blade is in a superimposed manner.

5. The low-melting-point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool according to claims 1-3 is characterized by: The tool is lowered to a position in the oil pipe that needs to be sealed via a cable (1); the ignition wire (17) is energized to ignite the solid medicine (20), generating a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which quickly melts the fuse column (19) therein, and the gas pushes the piston column (21) to move downward; when the piston column moves a certain distance, the boss of the receiving plate column (27) limits the further movement of the piston column; when the piston column (27) moves downward, it squeezes and gathers the spring clip column (22), and the column moves inward into the receiving plate column (27); when the spring clip column (22) retracts, the slip ring (24) is pushed by the spring (26) to move axially; through the push rod (23), the receiving plate blades (25) are spread open, and the blades are pressed against the oil pipe.

6. The low-melting-point metal melting plugging oil pipe tool according to claims 1-4, characterized in that: When the receiving disc blades (25) are opened, the other part of the cable is energized, and the heating module (13) is started. After a period of heating, the low-melting-point metal (15) in the storage tube (11) is melted by the heat to form a low-melting-point metal fluid, which flows out from the storage tube wall hole (11a) and flows downward; the low-melting-point metal fluid flows to the receiving disc blades (25), and the receiving disc blades receive the low-melting-point metal fluid and prevent it from flowing downward; when the heating is completed, the low-melting-point metal gradually solidifies to form a sealing plug; after the sealing plug is formed, the cable is pulled up, and the shear pin (6) will break when the pulling force is greater than its own maximum shear force, thereby separating the inner tube (5) and the outer tube (7), and lifting the cable (1) to the ground, completing the recovery of the cable (1).

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