A medium-pressure in-cylinder hydrogen injection valve structure

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of medium-pressure cylinder in hydrogen direct injection injection valve structure, comprising: shell, buffer oil component is installed in shell;Buffer oil component includes buffer oil cavity assembly and buffer cavity sealing assembly, nozzle component is installed in the bottom of the shell, electromagnetic valve component is arranged between buffer oil component and the nozzle component, and the electromagnetic valve component controls the nozzle component to open and close;Hydrogen enters the through hole of inlet joint, enters the gas inlet space between the outer periphery of shell and buffer oil cavity by the hole section of buffer oil cavity, first gas inlet hole, then from the nozzle body of nozzle assembly several second gas inlet holes into the central hole of nozzle body, and is sprayed by nozzle component;Buffer oil cavity assembly is affected by oil pressure of buffer oil and gas pressure, and first gas inlet hole is opened and closed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automotive parts manufacturing, specifically a structure for a medium-pressure in-cylinder hydrogen direct injection valve. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen-powered vehicles are becoming the preferred choice due to their zero-emission capability. The hydrogen injection valve, as a key component in the hydrogen engine supply system, significantly impacts injection characteristics such as injection timing, injection duration, and injection mass flow rate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a medium-pressure in-cylinder hydrogen direct injection valve structure that is easy to control, has an imperfect structure, and is not durable and reliable, thereby making the hydrogen injector have a longer service life and more stable performance.

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A medium-pressure in-cylinder hydrogen direct injection valve structure includes:

[0006] A housing, characterized in that it further comprises:

[0007] A buffer oil component installed inside the housing; the buffer oil component includes a buffer oil cavity assembly and a buffer cavity sealing assembly, and an air passage space is provided between the outer periphery of the buffer oil cavity assembly and the inner periphery of the housing;

[0008] The buffer oil chamber assembly has a buffer oil chamber with a perforated section inside. The buffer chamber sealing assembly is slidably disposed within the perforated section, dividing the perforated section of the buffer oil chamber into a buffer oil chamber and an air inlet chamber. The air inlet chamber is located at the upper part of the buffer chamber sealing assembly, and the buffer oil chamber is located at the lower part of the buffer chamber sealing assembly. A first air inlet hole is provided on the cavity wall of the air inlet chamber. The buffer oil chamber is filled with buffer oil. The first air inlet hole connects the air passage space with the perforated section, and an air inlet connector is installed on the perforated section.

[0009] A nozzle component is installed at the bottom of the housing. The upper part of the nozzle component is connected to the lower end of the buffer oil assembly. A second air inlet is provided on the nozzle component, and the second air inlet communicates with the air passage space.

[0010] An electromagnetic valve component is disposed between the buffer oil component and the nozzle component, which controls the opening and closing of the nozzle component. Hydrogen enters through the through hole of the inlet connector, passes through the hole section of the buffer oil cavity and the first inlet hole into the air intake space between the outer periphery of the housing and the buffer oil cavity, and then enters the central hole of the nozzle body through several second inlets of the nozzle assembly, and is ejected by the nozzle component. The buffer oil cavity assembly is affected by the oil pressure of the buffer oil and the gas pressure, which controls the opening and closing of the first inlet hole.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buffer chamber sealing assembly includes an O-ring, a slip ring, a buffer oil chamber spring lower seat, a sealing gasket, a buffer oil chamber plug, and a sealing ring support seat. The lower end of the buffer oil chamber plug is threaded into the upper end of the through hole of the buffer oil chamber spring lower seat. The sealing gasket is disposed between the flange of the buffer oil chamber plug and the upper end face of the buffer oil chamber spring lower seat, and is sealed by the pressure of the buffer oil chamber plug. The upper end of the sealing ring support seat is threaded into the lower end of the through hole of the buffer oil chamber spring lower seat and is limited by the lower end face of the buffer oil chamber spring lower seat. A groove is provided between the buffer oil chamber spring lower seat and the sealing ring support seat, and a set of O-rings and slip rings are disposed in the groove, which serve as reciprocating motion and sealing function.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solenoid valve component includes a coil component and an armature assembly. The coil component drives the armature rod in the armature assembly to move by electromagnetic force, thereby driving the nozzle component to open.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coil component is fixed to the housing by a pin to prevent rotation.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cover plate is provided between the electromagnet component and the buffer oil cavity assembly. The cover plate is a magnetically conductive metal plate and has a through hole for the armature rod to pass through.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a micro-hole and a guide sleeve mounting hole are provided in the lower part of the buffer oil cavity. A guide sleeve is installed in the guide sleeve mounting hole, and a central hole is provided in the guide sleeve for the upper end of the armature rod to be inserted. A return spring seat is slidably arranged in the central hole, and a return spring is installed in the micro-hole. The lower end of the return spring extends into the central hole and interacts with the upper end of the armature rod. The buffer oil entering the micro-hole buffers the armature rod, thereby buffering the conical surface of the valve stem and the conical surface of the nozzle body to reduce impact wear.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, compared with the existing hydrogen injection valve, this invention uses two flow channels. The first flow channel is the hydrogen injection channel. Hydrogen enters the through hole of the inlet connector, passes through the hole section of the buffer oil chamber and the air inlet, and enters the space between the outer periphery of the housing and the buffer oil chamber. Then, it enters the central hole of the nozzle body through several air inlets of the nozzle assembly. When the electronic control unit issues a command, the coil component is energized, and the armature assembly moves downward under the action of electromagnetic force. The armature rod drives the valve stem to move downward. The movement of the valve stem is limited by the upper end of the lower spring seat facing the lower end of the upper spring seat. When the upper end of the upper spring seat is in contact with the lower end of the upper spring seat, the valve stem is in the fully open state. Finally, the hydrogen is ejected through the gap between the conical surface of the nozzle body and the conical surface of the valve stem, and finally passes through the gas guide cap injection cylinder. At this time, the buffer oil chamber assembly is affected by the oil pressure of the buffer oil, which seals the air inlet. When power is off, the conical surface of the valve stem falls back to the conical surface of the nozzle body to seal. At this time, the buffer oil chamber assembly moves downward under the influence of gas pressure, opening the air inlet to allow air to re-enter. The buffer oil and the return spring work together to provide a buffering and damping effect, thereby reducing the impact wear between the conical surface of the nozzle assembly and the conical surface of the valve stem, and improving the service life of the injection valve. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the hydrogen direct injection valve of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 DD sectional view.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen direct injection valve structure of the present invention with the housing removed.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 DD sectional view.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 3 EE sectional view.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle body assembly of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the armature assembly of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer cavity sealing assembly of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The structure of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is further described in detail below:

[0026] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the figure, the in-cylinder hydrogen injector structure includes: a nozzle component 200, a copper gasket 101, a guide cap 102, an O-ring and retaining ring 103, a support ring 104, and a tightening cap 105. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0027] The nozzle component 200 includes a nozzle injection molding component 300, an O-ring 201, a buffer return spring 202, a buffer oil chamber spring seat 203, an air inlet connector 204, and a housing 205.

[0028] The nozzle injection molding component 300 is fastened to the upper seat of the buffer oil chamber spring 203 via thread 200a, and the upper seat of the buffer oil chamber spring 203 is limited by the conical surface 200b. The nozzle injection molding component 300 is fastened to the air inlet connector 204 via thread 200c and sealed by an O-ring seal 201. The air inlet connector 204 is limited by the end face 200d. An O-ring seal 103 and a support ring 10 are installed on the upper part of the rod section of the outer periphery of the air inlet connector 204.

[0029] The nozzle injection molding component 300 is installed in the center hole of the housing 205. The upper and lower ends of the housing 205 are sealed with the nozzle injection molding component 300 by O-rings 205a and 205bb. The upper and lower ends of the housing 205 are limited by stepped surfaces 200ea and 200e.

[0030] The nozzle injection molding component 300 includes a nozzle assembly 310, an armature assembly 320, a buffer oil chamber assembly 330, a buffer chamber sealing assembly 340, a coil component 350, a guide sleeve 301, an adjusting shim 302, a connecting sleeve 303, an iron core 304, a housing 305, a cover plate 306, a steel sleeve 307, a connector 308, and a positioning pin 309.

[0031] The nozzle assembly 310 is connected and fixed to the lower through hole 303a of the connecting sleeve 303 by a thread 310a, and an O-ring 310aa is installed at the thread 310a for sealing. An adjusting shim 302 is provided between the upper stepped surface 303aa in the lower through hole 303a of the connecting sleeve 303 and the upper stepped surface 310ab of the thread 310a. The adjusting shim 302 is mainly used to adjust the upper and lower clearance of the armature 321.

[0032] The upper through hole 303b of the connecting sleeve 303 is provided with an iron core 304, which is attached to the lower end face 310b inside the upper through hole 303b of the connecting sleeve 303.

[0033] The iron core 304 is surrounded by a coil component 350 and a housing 305. The upper end face of the iron core 304 is provided with an armature assembly 320. The upper end of the armature assembly 320 is provided with a cover plate 306. The cover plate 306 is provided with a through hole 306a. The through hole 306a communicates with the through hole 321a on the armature 321 and the through hole 304a of the iron core 304. An armature rod 322 is provided in the through hole 304a of the iron core 304.

[0034] The cover plate 306 is equipped with a buffer oil cavity assembly 330; the buffer oil cavity assembly 330 is connected and fixed to the outer shell 305 by a thread 310c, and an O-ring 310ca is installed at the thread 310c for sealing; the outer shell 305 is fixed to the cover plate 306 and the buffer oil cavity assembly 330 by a pin 309 to prevent rotation.

[0035] The nozzle assembly 310 includes a nozzle body 311, a valve stem 312, an adjusting shim 313, a lower spring seat 314, a spring 315, an upper spring seat 316, and an O-ring seal 317. The valve stem 312 is inserted into the center hole 311a of the nozzle body 311, and the valve stem 312 is sealed by fitting against the conical surface 311b of the nozzle body 311 through the conical surface 312a.

[0036] An adjusting shim 313 is provided on the inner end face 310c of the nozzle body 311; a lower spring seat 314 is provided on the upper end face of the adjusting shim 313; a spring 315 is provided on the end face 314a of the lower spring seat 314; an upper spring seat 316 is connected and fastened to the valve stem 312 through a thread 316a and compresses the spring 315; the upper spring seat 316 is limited by the inner conical surface 316b and the outer conical surface 312b at the top of the valve stem 312; a plurality of air inlets 311d are provided in the middle of the nozzle body 311, and the inner end of the air inlets 311d is connected to the central hole 311a of the nozzle body 311.

[0037] The buffer chamber sealing assembly 340 is slidably disposed within the bore section 331a of the buffer oil chamber body 331, dividing the bore section 331a of the buffer oil chamber body 331 into a buffer oil chamber 331ab and an air inlet chamber 331aa. The air inlet chamber 331aa is located at the upper part of the buffer chamber sealing assembly 340, and the buffer oil chamber 331ab is located at the lower part of the buffer chamber sealing assembly 340. The air inlet 331b is provided on the cavity wall of the air inlet chamber 331aa. The buffer oil chamber 331ab is filled with buffer oil. The buffer chamber sealing assembly 340 includes an O-ring seal 341, a slip ring 342, a buffer oil chamber spring lower seat 343, a sealing washer 344, a buffer oil chamber plug 345, and a sealing ring support seat 346.

[0038] The lower end of the buffer oil chamber plug 345 is installed in the upper end of the through hole 343a of the buffer oil chamber spring lower seat 343 through the thread 340a. The sealing gasket 344 is set between the flange 345a of the buffer oil chamber plug 345 and the upper end face 343b of the buffer oil chamber spring lower seat 343, and is sealed by the buffer oil chamber plug 345.

[0039] The upper end of the sealing ring support 346 is installed in the lower end of the through hole 343a of the buffer oil chamber spring lower seat 343 by thread 340b and is limited by the lower end face 343c of the buffer oil chamber spring lower seat 343.

[0040] A groove 340c is provided between the buffer oil chamber spring lower seat 343 and the sealing ring support seat 346. A set of O-rings 341 and slip rings 342 are provided in the groove 340c, which play a role in reciprocating motion and sealing.

[0041] The armature assembly 320 includes an armature 321 and an armature rod 322; the armature 321 is made of magnetic stainless steel, the armature rod 322 is inserted into the center hole 321a of the armature 321 and is fitted through the center hole 321a, and is also limited by the end face 321aa of the center hole 321a.

[0042] The buffer oil chamber assembly 330 mainly includes a buffer oil chamber 331, a guide sleeve 332, a return spring seat 333, a return spring 334, and O-rings 335 and 336. An air inlet 331b is provided on the bore section 331a of the buffer oil chamber 331.

[0043] A fine hole 331c and a guide sleeve mounting hole 331d are provided in the lower part of the buffer oil cavity 331. The guide sleeve 332 is installed in the guide sleeve mounting hole 331d. A central hole 332a is provided in the guide sleeve 332, which is aligned and communicates with the central hole 321a of the armature 321 to allow the upper end of the armature rod 322 to be inserted. The return spring seat 333 is slidably disposed in the central hole 332a. The return spring 334 is installed in the fine hole 331c. The lower end of the return spring 334 extends into the central hole 332a and interacts with the upper end of the armature rod 322. The buffer oil entering the fine hole 331c buffers the armature rod 322, thereby buffering the conical surface 312a of the valve stem 312 and the conical surface 311b of the nozzle body 311 to reduce impact wear.

[0044] The coil component 350 includes a coil frame 351 and a coil 352. The coil 352 is disposed inside the coil frame 351, and is wound by a winding method and finally sealed as a whole.

[0045] Hydrogen gas enters the through hole 200f of the inlet connector 204, passes through the hole section 331a and the inlet hole 331b of the buffer oil chamber 331, and enters the gas passage space 200i between the outer periphery of the housing 205 and the buffer oil chamber 331. It then enters the central hole 311a of the nozzle body 311 through several inlet holes 311d of the nozzle assembly 310. When no power is applied, due to the compression force on the spring 315, the valve stem 312 is pulled upward by the spring 315 and the upper spring seat 316, causing the conical surface 312a of the valve stem 312 to be pressed against the conical surface 311b of the nozzle body 311, forming a seal. When the electronic control unit issues a command, the coil component 350 is energized, and the armature assembly 320 moves downward under the action of electromagnetic force. This drives the valve stem 312 downward through the armature rod 322. The movement of the valve stem 312 is limited by the upper end face of the lower spring seat 314 facing the lower end face 316a of the upper spring seat 316. When the upper end face of the upper spring seat 316 is in contact with the lower end face 316a of the upper spring seat 316, the valve stem 312 is in the fully open state. Finally, hydrogen gas is ejected through the gap between the conical surface 311b of the nozzle body 311 and the conical surface 312a of the valve stem 312, and finally passes through the gas guide cap injection cylinder. At this time, the buffer oil chamber assembly 330 is affected by the oil pressure of the buffer oil and seals the air inlet 331b. When the power is off, the conical surface 312a of the valve stem 312 falls back to the conical surface 311b of the nozzle body 311 to seal. At this time, the buffer oil chamber assembly 330 is affected by the gas pressure and moves downward, opening the air inlet 331b to allow air to enter again.

[0046] The hydrogen direct injection valve structure in this invention features a large flow cross-sectional area and high-temperature resistant injection orifices, allowing for direct hydrogen injection into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the electromagnet component is designed with an electromagnetic force far greater than the spring tension, resulting in more even opening and a more uniform and stable injection flow, which is more conducive to the mixing of fuel gas and air within the engine.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, compared with existing gas injection valves, this invention, due to its balanced valve structure, can achieve a higher pressure and a greater gas flow rate within the same flow area. Furthermore, the outward-opening injection valve structure not only achieves a larger injection cone angle but also provides heat insulation when closed, protecting the internal sealing ring. Therefore, this invention enables direct gas injection into the cylinder during the compression stroke, avoiding the backfire problem of PFI (Pressure-Injection-Fuel-Injection). Simultaneously, the volumetric efficiency loss caused by gas displacement of air due to PFI injection is also resolved. Additionally, the high injection pressure allows for higher energy delivery within the same injection duration, achieving higher load capacity.

Claims

1. A medium pressure in-cylinder hydrogen direct injection valve structure comprising: A shell, characterized in that it further comprises: a buffer oil component mounted in the shell; the buffer oil component comprises a buffer oil cavity assembly and a buffer cavity sealing assembly, and a gas passing space is arranged between the outer periphery of the buffer oil cavity assembly and the inner periphery of the shell; the buffer oil cavity assembly has a buffer oil cavity, the buffer oil cavity has a hole section inside, and the buffer cavity sealing assembly is slidingly arranged in the hole section, so as to divide the hole section into a buffer oil cavity and an air inlet cavity; the air inlet cavity is located at the upper part of the buffer cavity sealing assembly, and the buffer oil cavity is located at the lower part of the buffer cavity sealing assembly; a first air inlet hole is arranged on the cavity wall of the air inlet cavity; the buffer oil cavity is filled with buffer oil; the first air inlet hole communicates the gas passing space with the hole section; and an air inlet connector is mounted on the hole section; a nozzle component mounted at the bottom of the shell, the upper part of the nozzle component being connected with the lower end of the buffer oil component; a second air inlet hole is arranged on the nozzle component, and the second air inlet hole communicates with the gas passing space; an electromagnetic valve component arranged between the buffer oil component and the nozzle component, the electromagnetic valve component controlling the opening and closing of the nozzle component; hydrogen enters the through hole of the air inlet connector, enters the air inlet space between the shell and the outer periphery of the buffer oil cavity through the hole section of the buffer oil cavity and the first air inlet hole, and then enters the central hole of the nozzle body through the second air inlet holes of the nozzle body of the nozzle component, and is sprayed out by the nozzle component; the buffer oil cavity assembly is affected by the oil pressure of the buffer oil and the gas pressure, and the first air inlet hole is opened and closed.

2. A structure of a hydrogen direct injection valve for a medium pressure cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer cavity sealing assembly comprises an O-shaped sealing ring, a sliding ring, a buffer oil cavity spring lower seat, a sealing washer, a buffer oil cavity plug, and a sealing ring support seat; the lower end of the buffer oil cavity plug is screwed into the upper end of the through hole of the buffer oil cavity spring lower seat, the sealing washer is arranged between the flange of the buffer oil cavity plug and the upper end surface of the buffer oil cavity spring lower seat, and the sealing washer is compressed and sealed by the buffer oil cavity plug; the upper end of the sealing ring support seat is screwed into the lower end of the through hole of the buffer oil cavity spring lower seat and is limited by the lower end surface of the buffer oil cavity spring lower seat; a groove is arranged between the buffer oil cavity spring lower seat and the sealing ring support seat, a group of 0-shaped sealing rings and sliding rings are arranged in the groove, and the groove has the functions of reciprocating motion and sealing.

3. A structure of a hydrogen direct injection valve for medium pressure cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The electromagnetic valve component comprises a coil component and an armature assembly; the coil component drives the armature rod in the armature assembly to move by electromagnetic force, so as to drive the opening of the nozzle component.

4. A structure of a hydrogen direct injection valve for a medium pressure cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coil component is fixed and prevented from rotating by a pin between the coil component and the shell.

5. A structure of a hydrogen direct injection valve for a medium pressure cylinder according to claim 4, wherein A cover plate is arranged between the electromagnetic valve component and the buffer oil cavity assembly; the cover plate is a magnetic metal plate, and a through hole is arranged on the cover plate to allow the armature rod to pass through.

6. A structure of a hydrogen direct injection valve for a medium pressure cylinder according to claim 5, wherein The lower part of the buffer oil cavity is provided with a fine hole and a guide sleeve mounting hole, a guide sleeve is mounted in the guide sleeve mounting hole, a center hole is arranged in the guide sleeve for inserting the upper end of the armature rod, a reset spring seat is slidably arranged in the center hole, and a reset spring is mounted in the fine hole, the lower end of the reset spring extends into the center hole and interacts with the upper end of the armature rod, the buffer oil entering the fine hole buffers the armature rod, and the taper surface of the valve rod and the taper surface of the nozzle body are buffered and seated to reduce impact and wear.

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