Hydraulic scouring simulation device for ecological protection side slope

Abstract

The invention provides an ecological protection side slope hydraulic scouring simulation device, which belongs to the technical field of side slope ecological protection, and comprises a support frame, a side slope simulation device, a rainfall simulation device and a collection device, the slope simulation device is installed on the supporting frame, and the supporting frame can adjust the inclination angle of the slope simulation device. The rainfall simulation device is installed on the supporting frame and located above the slope simulation device. The collecting device is installed at the bottom of the slope simulation device and used for collecting silt and the like generated in the scouring simulation test. According to the invention, the inclination angle of the slope simulation device is adjusted through the support frame, the influence of an object on rainfall with different intensities under various gradients can be tested, the influence of runoff or preponderant flow is simulated through the water outlet of the water storage tank, the angle and size of the test slope are adjusted on the basis, and scouring tests under different conditions are carried out. And the effect of the multi-angle simulation experiment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope ecological protection, and in particular to a hydraulic scouring simulation device for an ecological protection slope. Background Art

[0002] In road engineering, the stability of embankment slopes directly affects the safety and performance of highways. When embankment slopes are eroded by heavy rainfall and surface water, soil erosion often occurs, and even worse, it can induce disasters such as landslides and mud-rock flows. Once embankment collapse caused by hydraulic erosion occurs, it will cause huge economic losses and even endanger people's lives.

[0003] At present, the ecological protection of embankment slopes is mainly based on the technology of spraying ecological substrates on the slope surface, or assisted by other engineering measures, to create an environment suitable for plant growth on the slope surface, improve the slope surface's anti-scouring performance, and promote the interaction between plants and rock and soil, so as to achieve the reinforcement and protection of the slope surface. This can not only achieve the purpose of strengthening the embankment slope, but also restore the damaged natural ecological environment, which is in line with the current ecological concept of sustainable development. However, if the ecological protection method wants to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the slope and restoring the ecology, it must have extremely high resistance to hydraulic scour. Therefore, the hydraulic erosion resistance of the ecological protection slope has become a hot topic for many scholars.

[0004] At present, the anti-scouring performance of the slope surface of the ecological protection slope under rainfall conditions is mainly studied through indoor tests and physical model tests, and then the anti-erosion ability of the ecological substrate is evaluated. To this end, it is particularly important to provide a slope anti-scouring performance device that can accurately simulate the influence of actual rainfall conditions. Many scholars have also given different solutions to this problem. Chinese patent CN115684551A provides a slope simulation test system and method with an accurate and adjustable inclination angle, and Chinese patent CN213422772U can test the impact of objects under different intensities of rainfall at various slopes. It can be seen that the existing solutions consider more the effects of rainfall splash erosion and runoff scouring, but rarely consider some special areas in reality, such as slopes that have formed erosion gullies, low-lying areas, and uneven slopes, which are prone to the influence of dominant flows. In addition, most of the existing research devices have fixed slope dimensions, which are not easy to adjust according to the test conditions, and the filling volume is large, and the research cost is high. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new hydraulic scouring simulation devices for ecological protection slopes. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides an ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device, which is used to solve the defects of the ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device in the prior art, is easy to operate, and can effectively simulate the scouring effect of rainfall.

[0006] The present invention provides an ecological protection slope hydraulic scour simulation device, comprising: a support frame, a slope simulation device, a rainfall simulation device and a collecting device; the slope simulation device is installed on the support frame, and the support frame can adjust the inclination angle of the slope simulation device; the rainfall simulation device is installed on the support frame and is located above the slope simulation device; the collecting device is installed at the bottom of the slope simulation device and is used for collecting mud and sand generated by the scour simulation test.

[0007] According to an ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device provided by the present invention, the support frame includes a hydraulic jack and a supporting steel frame, and the hydraulic jack is connected to the slope simulation device to adjust the inclination angle of the slope simulation device.

[0008] According to the present invention, an ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device is provided, which comprises: a micro jack, a sample box, a water storage tank, a sliding assembly and a hose, and the water storage tank is installed on the top of the sample box.

[0009] According to an ecological protection slope hydraulic scour simulation device provided by the present invention, sliding components are provided on both sides of the slope simulation device, which are connected to a water tank and a sample box. The micro jack is connected to the top of the water tank, and the slope length of the sample box is adjusted by the sliding component with the help of the micro jack.

[0010] According to the present invention, a simulation device for hydraulic scouring of an ecological protection slope is provided, wherein the sample box comprises a retractable plate storage chamber and an electrically-operated retractable plate. The retractable plate storage chamber is located at the bottom of the sample box, and the electrically-operated retractable plate is located in the retractable plate storage chamber. The electrically-operated retractable plate can separate the sample box filling slope by electrically extending and contracting and folding.

[0011] The telescopic plate storage chamber blocks are arranged in N pieces along the width direction of the sample box according to the test requirements, and the sample box is divided into N+1 parts along the width direction to achieve adjustment of the slope width of different sample boxes.

[0012] According to an ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device provided by the present invention, the water storage tank is provided with a water inlet and a drain, the water inlet is connected to a hose, and the drain is equipped with a water guiding hose; the water guiding hose extends 3-5 cm along the sample box to prevent water from leaking along the contact position between the fill slope and the sample box.

[0013] According to the ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device provided by the present invention, the water storage tank is provided with a water inlet and a drain, the drain is connected to the sample box, and the water inlet is connected to a hose.

[0014] According to the ecological protection slope hydraulic scour simulation device provided by the present invention, the water tank drain outlet is provided with a regulating valve for controlling the flow rate of the simulated water flow.

[0015] According to an ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device provided by the present invention, the rainfall simulation device includes: a rainfall frame, a pipe and a nozzle; the rainfall frame is installed on the supporting frame, and the nozzle is installed on the rainfall frame and is located above the slope simulation device. One end of the pipe is used to connect to a water source, and the other end of the pipe is connected to the nozzle.

[0016] According to an ecological protection slope hydraulic scour simulation device provided by the present invention, the collection device includes a rainwater collection box and a sand settling tray, the rainwater collection box is installed at the bottom of the support frame, and the sand settling tray is installed at the bottom of the slope simulation device.

[0017] According to the present invention, a device for simulating hydraulic scouring of an ecological protection slope is provided, which further comprises a water diversion valve, the water inlet end of the water diversion valve is connected to a water source, and the water outlet end of the water diversion valve is respectively connected to the hose and the pipeline.

[0018] The hydraulic scour simulation device for ecological protection slopes provided by the present invention can test the impact of ecological protection slopes under various slopes when subjected to rainfall of different intensities by adjusting the inclination angle of the slope simulation device through a support frame. The length and width of the sample box simulated slope can be adjusted according to specific test requirements through the slope simulation device, the telescopic plate storage room, and the electric lifting telescopic plate. On the one hand, the filling volume of the test slope is greatly reduced, reducing the test cost. On the other hand, the anti-erosion performance of different test slopes under the same hydraulic conditions can be tested simultaneously, improving the test accuracy and efficiency. By setting up a water storage tank, the impact of runoff or dominant flow on the test slope can be accurately simulated. This device can be used repeatedly to reduce research costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic scouring simulation device for ecological protection slope provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slope simulation device provided by the present invention; Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collecting device provided by the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals: 100. Support frame; 110. Hydraulic jack; 120. Support steel frame; 200. Slope simulation device; 210, sample box; 211, miniature jack; 212, electric lifting telescopic plate; 213, telescopic plate storage room; 214, sliding assembly; 215, water storage tank; 216, water inlet; 217, drain outlet; 218, water guide hose; 219, regulating valve; 220, hose; 300. Rainfall simulation device; 310, rain rack; 320, pipe; 330, sprinkler; 400. Collection device; 410, rainwater collection box; 411, water outlet; 420, sand settling tray; 421, removable filter plate; 422, water seepage outlet; 500, HD camera; 600, universal wheel; 700, water diversion valve; 10. Water source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on Figure 1The orientation and position of XX when normally placed are shown only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0025] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0026] The present invention provides a hydraulic scouring simulation device for ecological protection slopes, see Figure 1 , including: a supporting frame 100, a slope simulation device 200, a rainfall simulation device 300 and a collecting device 400; the slope simulation device 200 is installed on the supporting frame 100, and the supporting frame 100 can adjust the inclination angle of the slope simulation device 200; the rainfall simulation device 300 is installed on the supporting frame 100, and is located above the slope simulation device 200; the collecting device 400 is installed at the bottom of the slope simulation device 200, and is used to collect mud and sand generated by the scour simulation test.

[0027] By adjusting the inclination angle of the slope simulation device 200 through the support frame 100, it is possible to test the impact of different intensities of rainfall on the ecological protection slope at various slopes. By adjusting the slope simulation device 200 to accurately control the angle and testing the soil erosion caused by natural rainfall on the soil at different slopes, the condition of the slope during rainfall can be accurately simulated, thereby improving the effect of the multi-angle simulation experiment.

[0028] Exemplarily, the support frame is fixed by a support steel frame 120 .

[0029] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The support frame 100 includes a hydraulic jack 110 , which is connected to the slope simulation device 200 and is used to adjust the inclination angle of the slope simulation device 200 .

[0030] The hydraulic jack 110 can perform stepless adjustment on the slope of the slope simulation device 200, simulate different slope ratios of slopes in nature, simulate the slope angles of natural slopes, and can stably adjust any angle between 0 and 90 degrees.

[0031] In one embodiment, see Figure 2The slope simulation device 200 includes: a micro jack 211, a sample box 210, a water tank 215 and a hose 220. The micro jack 211 is installed in the water tank 215. The water tank 215 is provided with a water inlet 216 and a drain 217. The water inlet 216 is connected to the hose 220. The drain 217 is provided with a water guide hose 218. The water guide hose 218 extends 3-5 cm along the sample box 210 to introduce the water in the water tank 215 into the simulated slope of the sample box 210, simulating the influence of runoff and dominant flow, and preventing water from leaking along the contact position between the fill slope and the sample box 210.

[0032] Exemplarily, the drain outlet 217 is provided with a regulating valve 219 for controlling the flow rate of the simulated water flow.

[0033] Exemplarily, the drain outlet 217 is equipped with a water hose 218 made of an ultra-flexible ecological membrane that can adapt to the water flow pattern and its changes. At the same time, the water hose extends 3-5 cm along the sample box to prevent water from leaking along the contact position between the fill slope and the sample box, thereby accurately simulating the erosion effect of runoff or dominant flow on the slope.

[0034] In one embodiment, a precision micro jack 211 is provided at the top of the slope simulation device 200, and sliding components 214 are provided on both sides, which are connected to a water tank 215 and a sample box 210. The micro jack 211 is connected to the top of the water tank 215. The micro jack 211 can adjust the position of the bottom surface of the water tank 215 along the length direction of the slope simulation device 200 through the sliding component 214, thereby realizing the adjustment of the slope length of the sample box 210.

[0035] Exemplarily, the sliding assembly includes a slide rail and a pulley. The slide rail is installed on both sides of the water tank 215 and the sample box 210, and the pulley is installed on the side of the bottom surface of the water tank 215. The precision micro jack 211 drives the pulley to slide along the slide rail to adjust the position of the bottom surface of the water tank 215, thereby realizing the adjustment of the slope length of the sample box 210.

[0036] Exemplarily, the sample box 210 includes a telescopic plate storage chamber 213 and an electric lifting telescopic plate 212. The telescopic plate storage chamber 213 is located at the bottom of the sample box 210, and the electric lifting telescopic plate 212 is located in the telescopic plate storage chamber 213. The electric lifting telescopic plate 212 realizes the separation of the sample box filling slope by electrically extending and contracting and folding.

[0037] In one embodiment, N retractable plate storage chambers 213 are arranged along the width direction according to the test requirements, and the sample box 210 is divided into N+1 parts along the width direction. It can be split and combined according to actual needs, and the number can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs to achieve different slope width adjustments of sample boxes 210 and simulate scour tests under different conditions.

[0038] Exemplarily, the slope model device is composed of 10 mm thick organic glass plates.

[0039] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The rainfall simulation device 300 includes: a rainfall frame 310, a pipe 320 and a nozzle 330; the rainfall frame 310 is installed on the support frame 100, and the nozzle 330 is installed on the rainfall frame 310, located above the slope simulation device 200, one end of the pipe 320 is used to connect to the water source, and the other end of the pipe 320 is connected to the nozzle 330.

[0040] Control the water source to regulate the rainfall per unit time, and adjust the water flow to determine the rainfall intensity. By adjusting the outlet size of the nozzle 330, the outflow pressure and initial velocity of the water flow can be effectively controlled. With the help of the water cut-off valve and the water pressure gauge to monitor the water supply stability in real time, the device can simulate various rainfall conditions.

[0041] Exemplarily, the nozzles 330 are atomizing nozzles, and the number is not limited to 12-20.

[0042] Exemplarily, the rainfall simulation device 300 further includes a high-definition camera 500, which is installed on the rainfall frame 310, and records the entire process of slope scour and erosion through front and side dual-camera shooting.

[0043] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The collection device 400 includes a rainwater collection box 410 and a sand settling tray 420 . The rainwater collection box 410 is installed at the bottom of the support frame 100 , and the sand settling tray 420 is installed at the bottom of the slope simulation device 200 .

[0044] Exemplarily, an electric lifting telescopic plate 212 and a telescopic plate storage chamber 213 are provided at the bottom of the sand settling tray 420. The telescopic plate storage chamber 213 is located at the bottom of the sand settling tray 420, and the electric lifting telescopic plate 212 is located in the telescopic plate storage chamber 213. The electric lifting telescopic plate 212 is electrically extended and retracted to separate or not separate the sand settling tray 420. When the electric lifting telescopic plate 212 in the sample box 210 is adjusted, the electric lifting telescopic plate 212 inside the sand settling tray 420 is adjusted accordingly, and the sediment generated on different slopes after the separation of the filling slope of the sample box 210 can be collected accordingly for comparative research.

[0045] Exemplarily, the sand settling tray 420 includes a removable filter plate 421 , and the removable filter plate 421 is provided with a water seepage port 422 .

[0046] A rainwater collection box 410 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame 100, which is used to collect rainwater that falls outside the slope simulation device during rainfall. The tail end of the rainwater collection box 410 is provided with a water outlet 411 for collecting the discharge of rainwater. The sand settling tray 420 is separated by a retractable filter plate 421, and the retractable filter plate 421 is provided with a seepage port 422. The aperture size is selected according to the soil body of the filled slope, thereby realizing the collection of scour objects in the hydraulic scour simulation test, and separating the silt and runoff rainwater at the same time. The retractable filter plate 421 divides the detachable sand settling tray 420 into two layers, the scour objects above the retractable filter plate 421 are weighed to obtain the mass of eroded silt, and the sand settling tray 420 collects runoff rainwater. The collection device 400 is used to monitor the silt and runoff rainwater during rainfall, and the rainwater quality and soil scouring amount are measured in real time.

[0047] In one embodiment, the ecological protection slope hydraulic scour simulation device further includes a universal wheel 600 , which is installed at the bottom of the support frame 100 .

[0048] Exemplarily, universal wheels 600 are fixed to the bottom of the support frame 100. The number of universal wheels 600 is not limited and is 4-8, so as to realize the mobility of the whole device.

[0049] In one embodiment, the ecological protection slope hydraulic scour simulation device also includes a water diversion valve 700, the water inlet end of the water diversion valve 700 is connected to the water source, and the water outlet end of the water diversion valve 700 is connected to the hose 230 and the pipeline 320 respectively. The water volume can be adjusted through the water diversion valve 700.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological protection slope hydraulic scour simulation device, characterized in that: It includes: a supporting frame, a slope simulation device, a rainfall simulation device and a collection device; The slope simulation device is installed on the support frame, and the support frame can adjust the inclination angle of the slope simulation device; The rainfall simulation device is installed on the support frame and is located above the slope simulation device; The collecting device is installed at the bottom of the slope simulation device and is used to collect mud and sand generated by the scour simulation test.

2. The ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support frame comprises a hydraulic jack and a support steel frame. The hydraulic jack is connected to the slope simulation device and is used to adjust the inclination angle of the slope simulation device.

3. The ecological protection slope hydraulic scour simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slope simulation device comprises: a micro jack, a sample box, a water storage tank, a sliding assembly and a hose, wherein the water storage tank is installed on the top of the sample box.

4. The ecological protection slope hydraulic scour simulation device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Sliding components are provided on both sides of the slope simulation device, which are connected to the water tank and the sample box. The micro jack is connected to the top of the water tank, and the slope length of the sample box can be adjusted by the sliding component with the help of the micro jack.

5. According to the ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device of claim 3, the sample box includes a telescopic plate storage room and an electric lifting telescopic plate; the telescopic plate storage room is located at the bottom of the sample box, the electric lifting telescopic plate is located in the telescopic plate storage room, and the electric lifting telescopic plate realizes the separation of the sample box filling slope by electric extension and contraction folding; The telescopic plate storage chamber blocks are arranged in N pieces along the width direction of the sample box according to the test requirements, and the sample box is divided into N+1 parts along the width direction to achieve adjustment of the slope width of different sample boxes.

6. The ecological protection slope hydraulic scour simulation device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The water storage tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is connected with a hose, and the water outlet is provided with a water-conducting hose; The water guiding hose extends 3-5 cm along the sample box to prevent water from leaking along the contact position between the fill slope and the sample box.

7. The ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The water tank drain outlet is provided with a regulating valve for controlling the flow rate of the simulated water flow.

8. The ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rainfall simulation device includes: a rainfall rack, a pipe and a nozzle; the rainfall rack is installed on the support frame, the nozzle is installed on the rainfall rack and is located above the slope simulation device, one end of the pipe is used to connect to a water source, and the other end of the pipe is connected to the nozzle.

9. The ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The collecting device comprises a rainwater collecting box and a sand settling tray, which are installed at the bottom of the supporting frame, and the sand settling tray is installed at the bottom of the slope simulation device.

10. The ecological protection slope hydraulic scour simulation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ecological protection slope hydraulic scouring simulation device also includes a water diversion valve, the water inlet end of the water diversion valve is connected to a water source, and the water outlet end of the water diversion valve is respectively connected to the hose and the pipeline.

Images