Marine fuel cell containing emergency turn-off system ESD and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell safety systems, and discloses a marine fuel cell with an emergency turn-off system ESD and a control method of the marine fuel cell. Comprising a gas-electricity system DCDC, a gas-electricity system DCL, a gas-electricity system low-voltage power supply device, a ship controller and an emergency turn-off system ESD. The emergency turn-off system ESD is composed of a contactor, a high-voltage direct-current contactor, a circuit breaker and a fuse. The method is designed by considering a load output emergency cut-off system in the design process of the marine fuel cell system. The invention aims to solve the problem that a power generation source of the fuel cell system needs to be cut off emergently when an interaction path between the marine fuel cell system and a ship breaks down or the ship breaks down.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell safety systems, and in particular relates to a marine fuel cell with an emergency shutdown system ESD and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The hydrogen fuel cell system is one of the devices that effectively utilizes hydrogen. It has been applied to commercial vehicles, passenger cars, ships, rail transit and other application scenarios. In marine applications, the fuel cell system generates electricity from the stack, and after voltage stabilization by the DCDC (DC to DC converter), it is output to the marine busbar through the load output cable. The converter load output circuit has no emergency cut-off function, and cannot meet the requirements of the emergency shutdown system (ESD) in the design of the marine safety system to cut off the power supply of the output circuit in time. It cannot guarantee the rapid protection of equipment and personnel safety in the event of an emergency.

[0003] The marine emergency shutdown system is a rapid shutdown system that can monitor the emergency shutdown conditions and shutdown signal output. When the system receives the shutdown signal, it automatically shuts down the system load output through interlocking logic, transmits the signal and alarms, and can also be shut down manually to protect equipment and personnel safety in an emergency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a design method for a marine fuel cell emergency shutdown system (ESD), which is designed by taking into account the load output emergency shutdown system during the design process of the marine fuel cell system. It is intended to solve the situation where a fault occurs on the interaction path between the marine fuel cell system and the ship, or when a fault occurs on the ship, and the power generation source of the fuel cell system needs to be urgently cut off.

[0005] A marine fuel cell with an emergency shutdown system ESD, comprising a fuel-electric system DCDC, a fuel-electric system DCL, a fuel-electric system low-voltage power supply device, a ship controller and an emergency shutdown system ESD; the emergency shutdown system ESD is composed of a contactor, a high-voltage DC contactor, a circuit breaker and a fuse;

[0006] One of the DCDC of the fuel-electric system is connected in sequence with the DCL of the fuel-electric system, the contactor, and the low-voltage power supply device of the fuel-electric system. The high-voltage electricity output by the DCDC of the fuel-electric system is output to the DCL of the fuel-electric system, and is stepped down to 24V for the low-voltage power supply of the fuel-electric system. Another DCDC of the fuel-electric system is connected to the ship system through the high-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage busbar is output to the ship system for power supply of the ship system. A circuit breaker and a fuse are arranged on the high-voltage busbar. A high-voltage DC contactor is arranged on the high-voltage busbar, and the contactor is located on the power supply circuit of the low-voltage device of the fuel-electric system, wherein the positive pole, the negative pole and the control of the high-voltage DC contactor are all located on the normally open contact of the contactor. The control line of the ship controller is connected to the control line of the high-voltage DC contactor, and is turned on when the ship controller sends a command to cut off the output circuit of the fuel-electric system.

[0007] In the present invention, when an emergency occurs, the emergency cut-off control button is pressed, and when the emergency is relieved, the reset control button is pressed.

[0008] Furthermore, the emergency shutdown control buttons include an ESD button, a ship sending control signal button and other emergency shutdown signal buttons; all buttons perform an "OR" logic operation to achieve emergency shutdown control.

[0009] Furthermore, the reset control button includes ESD button reset, ship control signal reset, and other emergency shutdown signal reset; all buttons perform "OR" logic operation to achieve reset control.

[0010] Furthermore, when the high-voltage DC contactor is in closed contact, A1 and A2 inside the high-voltage DC contactor are in a connected state; when the contactor is open, A1 and A2 inside the high-voltage DC contactor are in a disconnected state.

[0011] The principle of the above settings is:

[0012] The high voltage electricity output by the fuel-electric system DCDC is output to the fuel-electric system DCL in one way, and is stepped down to 24V for low-voltage power supply of the fuel-electric system; the other way is output to the ship system through the high-voltage busbar, and is used for power supply of the ship system; the contactor is located on the low-voltage 24V power supply circuit of the fuel-electric system, wherein the positive pole, the negative pole, and the high-voltage DC contactor control are all located on the normally open contact of the contactor; when the KM switch is closed, the normally open switch of the contactor is closed, the low-voltage power supply of the fuel-electric system and the high-voltage DC contactor coil K are energized, the low-voltage power supply of the fuel-electric system is normal, and the high-voltage load of the fuel-electric system is output to the busbar for normal power supply;

[0013] A control method for an emergency shutdown system of a marine fuel cell, comprising one of the following methods:

[0014] 1. When the ship controller sends a signal, the coil K in the high-voltage DC contactor is de-energized, and the high-voltage DC contactors A1 and A2 are electrically disconnected, achieving the emergency cut-off function;

[0015] 2. When the ESD button is pressed, the KM switch in the contactor is disconnected, the coil K in the high-voltage DC contactor is de-energized, and the high-voltage DC contactors A1 and A2 are electrically disconnected, achieving the emergency cut-off function.

[0016] 3. When other emergency shutdown signals (other shutdown triggers, including shore-to-ship ESD, low pressure of hydraulic power unit and other safety issues) are input, the high-voltage contactor is cut off and the power supply of the fuel-electric system output circuit is disconnected.

[0017] Method 1 is specifically as follows: after the ship control signal input cut-off signal, the high-voltage DC contactor (2) coil is de-energized, and the fuel-electric high-voltage output load is quickly de-energized; when the high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies are quickly disconnected, the emergency shutdown is completed.

[0018] Method 2 is as follows:

[0019] After the ESD of the fuel-electric system is cut off, the low-voltage 24V circuit contactor is disconnected, and then the fuel-electric low-voltage 24V power supply is disconnected, and then the high-voltage DC contactor coil is de-energized; the fuel-electric high-voltage output load is quickly de-energized, and the DC contactor successively assumes the load discharge function; when the high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies are quickly disconnected, the emergency shutdown is completed;

[0020] Method 3 is as follows:

[0021] When other emergency shutdown signals are input, the low-voltage 24V circuit contactor is disconnected, and then the fuel-electric low-voltage 24V power supply is disconnected, and then the high-voltage DC contactor coil is de-energized; the fuel-electric high-voltage output load is quickly de-energized, and the DC contactor successively assumes the load discharge function. When the high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies are quickly disconnected, the emergency shutdown is completed.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) The present invention can quickly cut off the load output of the fuel cell system interacting with the ship; it can also quickly cut off the low-voltage 24V power supply of the fuel cell system, meeting the requirements of the ship's safety cut-off system;

[0024] (2) The present invention monitors the output circuit of the fuel-electric system in real time: it can analyze the signal sent by the ship system controller and judge whether the fuel-electric system is running. If the components of the fuel-electric system stop sending signals, it means that the emergency shutdown and power supply are stopped. If the power supply is normal and the signal is sent, it means that the output circuit is not cut off;

[0025] (3) When the fuel-electric system fails, it can quickly protect the safety of other equipment and personnel; when the ship system fails, the fuel-electric system can quickly cut off the power input source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is the ESD emergency shutdown trigger and reset control logic diagram (S is set position, R is reset reposition);

[0027] Figure 2 This is the connection diagram of the ESD emergency shutdown device for the fuel power system;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a specific operation flow chart;

[0029] Figure 4 This is the schematic diagram of the high voltage DC contactor.

[0030] The components in the figure are as follows:

[0031] Contactor 1 (controls the on and off of the low-voltage line), high-voltage DC contactor 2 (controls the on and off of the high-voltage line), circuit breaker 3 (load circuit protection), fuse 4 (load overcurrent protection). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, a marine fuel cell with an emergency shutdown system ESD includes a fuel-electric system DCDC, a fuel-electric system DCL, a fuel-electric system low-voltage power supply device, a ship controller and an emergency shutdown system ESD; the emergency shutdown system ESD is composed of a contactor 1, a high-voltage DC contactor 2, a circuit breaker 3 and a fuse 4;

[0035] One of the paths of the fuel-electric system DCDC is connected in sequence with the fuel-electric system DCL, the contactor 1, and the low-voltage power supply device of the fuel-electric system. The high-voltage electricity output by the fuel-electric system DCDC is output to the fuel-electric system DCL, and is stepped down to 24V for the low-voltage power supply of the fuel-electric system; another path of the fuel-electric system DCDC is connected to the ship system through the high-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage busbar is output to the ship system for power supply to the ship system; a circuit breaker 3 and a fuse 4 are provided on the high-voltage busbar; a high-voltage DC contactor 2 is provided on the high-voltage busbar, and the contactor 1 is located on the power supply path of the low-voltage device of the fuel-electric system, wherein the positive pole, the negative pole and the control of the high-voltage DC contactor 2 are all located on the normally open contact of the contactor 1; the control line of the ship controller is connected to the control line of the high-voltage DC contactor 2, and is turned on when the ship controller sends a command to cut off the output path of the fuel-electric system.

[0036] When encountering an emergency, press the emergency cut-off control button, and when the emergency is resolved, press the reset control button. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the emergency shutdown control button includes an ESD button, a ship control signal sending button, and other emergency shutdown signal buttons; all buttons perform an "OR" logic operation to achieve emergency shutdown control. The reset control button includes an ESD button reset, a ship control signal reset, and other emergency shutdown signal resets; all buttons perform an "OR" logic operation to achieve reset control.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, when the high-voltage DC contactor 2 is in contact with the contactor 1, A1 and A2 inside the high-voltage DC contactor 2 are in a connected state; when the contactor 1 is disconnected, A1 and A2 inside the high-voltage DC contactor 2 are in a disconnected state (such as Figure 4 shown).

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The present invention provides a design method for a marine fuel cell emergency shutdown system (ESD), which is designed by considering the load output emergency cut-off system during the design process of the marine fuel cell system. When a fault occurs on the interaction path between the marine fuel cell system and the ship, or when a fault occurs on the ship, the load and fault need to be cut off in a graded manner.

[0040] 1. When a hydrogen fuel cell system failure occurs on a ship, the power supply must be safely cut off. Figure 1 As shown in the ESD emergency shutdown trigger reset control logic diagram, the emergency shutdown control logic is to perform an "OR" logic operation on pressing the ESD button, the ship sending the control signal, and other emergency shutdown signal inputs to achieve emergency shutdown control. Reset control, similarly, performs an "OR" logic operation on resetting the ESD button, resetting the ship control signal, and resetting other emergency shutdown signals to achieve reset control.

[0041] 2. When the load fails and is cut off, the emergency shutdown principle is as follows: Figure 2 The connection diagram of the ESD emergency shutdown device for the fuel power system is shown, and its structural connection is the same as that in Example 1.

[0042] The high voltage electricity output by the fuel-electric system DCDC is output to the fuel-electric system DCL, which is stepped down to 24V for low-voltage power supply of the fuel-electric system; the other is output to the ship system through the high-voltage busbar for power supply of the ship system. Contactor 1 is located on the low-voltage 24V power supply circuit of the fuel-electric system, where the positive pole, negative pole, and high-voltage DC contactor 2 control are all located on the normally open contact of contactor 1. The coil is energized, the KM switch is closed, the normally open switch of contactor 1 is closed, the low-voltage power supply of the fuel-electric system and the high-voltage DC contactor coil K are energized, the low-voltage power supply of the fuel-electric system is normal, and the high-voltage load of the fuel-electric system is output to the busbar for normal power supply.

[0043] When the ship controller sends a signal, the coil K in the high-voltage DC contactor 2 is de-energized, and the high-voltage DC contactors A1 and A2 are electrically disconnected, achieving the emergency cut-off function.

[0044] When the ESD button is pressed, the KM switch in contactor 1 is disconnected, the coil K in the high-voltage DC contactor 2 is de-energized, and the high-voltage DC contactors A1 and A2 are electrically disconnected, achieving the emergency cut-off function.

[0045] 3. For the specific operation process of emergency shutdown (ESD), please see the attached Figure 3 Specific operation flow chart. After the ESD of the fuel power system is cut off, the low-voltage 24V circuit contactor is disconnected, and then the fuel power low-voltage 24V power supply is disconnected, and then the high-voltage DC contactor coil is de-energized. The fuel power high-voltage output load is thus quickly de-energized, and the DC contactor successively assumes the load discharge function. When the high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies are quickly disconnected, the emergency shutdown is completed.

[0046] The same applies to other emergency shutdown signals. The low-voltage 24V circuit contactor is disconnected, followed by the fuel-electric low-voltage 24V power supply, and then the high-voltage DC contactor coil is de-energized. The fuel-electric high-voltage output load is quickly de-energized, and the DC contactor successively assumes the load discharge function. When the high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies are quickly disconnected, the emergency shutdown is completed.

[0047] After the ship control signal input cuts off the signal, the high-voltage DC contactor coil is de-energized, and the fuel-electric high-voltage output load is quickly de-energized. When the high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies are quickly disconnected, the emergency shutdown is completed.

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. A marine fuel cell with an emergency shutdown system ESD, characterized in that: It comprises a fuel-electricity system DCDC, a fuel-electricity system DCL, a fuel-electricity system low-voltage power supply device, a ship controller and an emergency shutdown system ESD; the emergency shutdown system ESD comprises a contactor (1), a high-voltage DC contactor (2), a circuit breaker (3) and a fuse (4); One of the fuel-electric system DCDC is connected in sequence with the fuel-electric system DCL, the contactor (1), and the fuel-electric system low-voltage power supply device, and the high-voltage electricity output by the fuel-electric system DCDC is output to the fuel-electric system DCL, and is stepped down to 24V for the fuel-electric system low-voltage power supply; another of the fuel-electric system DCDC is connected to the ship system through a high-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage busbar is output to the ship system for the ship system power supply; the high-voltage busbar is provided with a circuit breaker (3) and a fuse (4); the high-voltage busbar is provided with a high-voltage direct current contactor (2), the contactor (1) is located on the power supply circuit of the fuel-electric system low-voltage device, wherein the positive pole, the negative pole and the control of the high-voltage direct current contactor (2) are all located on the normally open contact of the contactor (1); the control line of the ship controller is connected to the control line of the high-voltage direct current contactor (2), and is turned on when the ship controller sends a command, thereby cutting off the fuel-electric system output circuit.

2. A marine fuel cell with an emergency shutdown system ESD as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When encountering an emergency, press the emergency cut-off control button, and when the emergency is relieved, press the reset control button.

3. A marine fuel cell with an emergency shutdown system ESD as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The emergency shutdown control buttons include an ESD button, a ship control signal sending button and other emergency shutdown signal buttons; all buttons perform an "OR" logic operation to achieve emergency shutdown control.

4. A marine fuel cell with an emergency shutdown system ESD as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The reset control buttons include ESD button reset, ship control signal reset, and other emergency shutdown signal reset; all buttons perform "OR" logic operation to achieve reset control.

5. A marine fuel cell with an emergency shutdown system ESD as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the high-voltage direct current contactor (2) is in closed contact with the contactor (1), A1 and A2 inside the high-voltage direct current contactor (2) are in a connected state; when the contactor (1) is disconnected, A1 and A2 inside the high-voltage direct current contactor (2) are in a disconnected state.

6. A control method for a marine fuel cell having an emergency shutdown system ESD according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: This includes one of the following methods:

1. When the ship controller sends a signal, the coil K in the high-voltage DC contactor (2) is de-energized, and the high-voltage DC contactors A1 and A2 are electrically disconnected, achieving the emergency cut-off function; 2. When the ESD button is pressed, the KM switch in the contactor (1) is disconnected, the coil K in the high-voltage DC contactor (2) is de-energized, and the high-voltage DC contactors A1 and A2 are electrically disconnected, achieving the emergency cut-off function; 3. When other emergency shutdown signals are input, the high-voltage contactor (2) is cut off to disconnect the power supply of the fuel-electric system output circuit.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Method 1 is specifically as follows: after the ship control signal input cut-off signal, the high-voltage DC contactor (2) coil is de-energized, and the fuel-electric high-voltage output load is quickly de-energized; when the high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies are quickly disconnected, the emergency shutdown is completed.

8. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Method 2 is as follows: After the ESD of the fuel-electric system is cut off, the low-voltage 24V circuit contactor (1) is disconnected, and then the fuel-electric low-voltage 24V power supply is disconnected, and then the high-voltage DC contactor (2) coil is de-energized; The fuel-electric high-voltage output load is quickly de-energized, and the DC contactors successively assume the load discharge function; when the high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies are quickly disconnected, the emergency shutdown is completed.

9. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Method 3 is as follows: When other emergency shutdown signals are input, the low-voltage 24V circuit contactor (1) is disconnected, and then the fuel-electric low-voltage 24V power supply is disconnected, and then the high-voltage DC contactor (2) coil is de-energized; The fuel-electric high-voltage output load is quickly de-energized, and the DC contactors successively assume the load discharge function; when the high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies are quickly disconnected, the emergency shutdown is completed.

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