A broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna

Abstract

This application provides a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, and high-isolation antenna, including: a base, a radiating component, and multiple first stacked structures, wherein the thickness direction of the base is a first direction; the radiating component is disposed on the base; the multiple stacked structures are disposed on the base, and the multiple stacked structures are spaced apart circumferentially along the radiating component; wherein, the first stacked structure includes multiple first metal plates, and the multiple first metal plates are spaced apart along the first direction. Because multiple first stacked structures are provided, and each first stacked structure includes multiple first metal plates spaced apart along the first direction, the base and the first stacked structures with multiple first metal plates can provide more equivalent equipotential surfaces, allowing more irrotational electric fields to close into rotational electric fields through the equivalent equipotential surfaces, which is beneficial for improving antenna efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically relating to a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, and high-isolation antenna. Background Technology

[0002] An antenna is a device that can convert electromagnetic waves, enabling the reception or transmission of electromagnetic wave signals.

[0003] In related technologies, an antenna includes a base and a radiating component mounted on the base. The radiating component is used to receive or transmit electromagnetic wave signals (hereinafter referred to as signals). The base can provide an equivalent equipotential surface to close the irrotational electric field into a rotational electric field, thereby improving antenna efficiency. However, the base is usually a planar structure, which can only provide one equivalent equipotential surface, resulting in low antenna efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to provide a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, and high-isolation antenna to solve the problem that the base of existing antennas can only provide one equivalent potential surface, resulting in low antenna efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application discloses a broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna, comprising: a base, a radiating component, and a plurality of first stacked structures, wherein the thickness direction of the base is a first direction;

[0007] The radiation component is disposed on the base;

[0008] The first stacked structure is disposed on the base, and a plurality of the first stacked structures are arranged at circumferential intervals along the radiating component;

[0009] The first stacked structure includes a plurality of first metal plates, which are spaced apart along the first direction.

[0010] Optionally, the base has a rectangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction, and the base includes a central region and four apex regions located around the central region;

[0011] The radiation component is disposed in the central region;

[0012] There are four of the first stacked structures, with one of the first stacked structures located in one of the top corner regions.

[0013] Optionally, the first stacked structure further includes: a metal pillar extending along the first direction, wherein one end of the metal pillar near the base is fixedly connected to the base, and one end of the metal pillar away from the base is fixedly connected to a plurality of the first metal plates.

[0014] Optionally, the plurality of the first metal plates have the same shape.

[0015] Optionally, the first metal plate is in the shape of an isosceles right triangle.

[0016] Optionally, the broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna further includes: a plurality of second stacked structures, wherein the plurality of second stacked structures are arranged circumferentially along the radiating component and one second stacked structure is located between two adjacent first stacked structures.

[0017] Optionally, the second stacked structure includes: a plurality of second metal plates, the second metal plates being fixedly connected to the base and the plurality of second metal plates being distributed at circumferential intervals along the base.

[0018] Optionally, the plurality of the second metal plates have the same shape.

[0019] Optionally, the second metal plate is rectangular.

[0020] Optionally, the radiating assembly includes: an RF connector, a feeding structure, multiple dielectric pads, and a radiating sheet;

[0021] The power supply structure is disposed on the base and is electrically connected to the radio frequency connector;

[0022] The medium pad is disposed on the base, and a plurality of the medium pads are spaced apart along the circumference of the base;

[0023] Multiple radiating plates are arranged at circumferential intervals along the base, one radiating plate is fixedly connected to one dielectric pad, and the radiating plate is electrically connected to the power supply structure.

[0024] Optionally, the feeding structure includes: a feeding network and a feeding probe;

[0025] The power supply network includes an output terminal and an input terminal, and the input terminal is electrically connected to the radio frequency connector.

[0026] The power supply probe includes an input connection part and an output connection part. The input connection part is electrically connected to the output terminal, and the output connection part is electrically connected to the radiating plate.

[0027] Optionally, the base includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along the first direction;

[0028] The power supply network includes a first power supply network and a second power supply network, wherein one of the first power supply network and the second power supply network is disposed on the first surface, and the other is disposed on the second surface.

[0029] Optionally, the radiating sheet includes a first radiating sheet and a second radiating sheet;

[0030] The power supply probe includes a first power supply probe and a second power supply probe.

[0031] The first feed probe includes a first input connection portion and a first output connection portion. The first input connection portion is electrically connected to the first feed network, and the first output connection portion is electrically connected to the first radiating plate.

[0032] The second feed probe includes a second input connection and a second output connection. The second input connection is electrically connected to the second feed network, and the second output connection is electrically connected to the second radiating plate.

[0033] Optionally, the first radiating sheet and the second radiating sheet may have different shapes and / or sizes.

[0034] Optionally, the radiating plate is arranged at an angle to the base.

[0035] Optionally, the input connection portion is a columnar connection portion, and the columnar connection portion extends along the first direction;

[0036] The output connection part is a sheet-like connection part, which is parallel to the radiating sheet.

[0037] Optionally, the broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna further includes an isolation structure fixedly connected to the base and disposed around at least a portion of the feed probe.

[0038] Optionally, the isolation structure includes: a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the second sleeve being sleeved on the first sleeve and having a gap with the first sleeve, and the power supply probe passing through the first sleeve.

[0039] Optionally, the medium pad is provided with a weight reduction groove.

[0040] Optionally, the radiation assembly further includes a parasitic plate connected to the side of the dielectric pad opposite to the base.

[0041] Optionally, a cross-shaped slit is provided in the middle region of the parasitic plate.

[0042] In this embodiment, multiple first stacked structures are provided, and each first stacked structure includes multiple first metal plates spaced apart along a first direction. Thus, the base and the first stacked structures with multiple first metal plates can provide more equivalent potential surfaces, allowing more irrotational electric fields to close into rotational electric fields through these surfaces, which is beneficial for improving antenna efficiency.

[0043] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0045] Figure 1 This is a radiation principle diagram of a broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of a broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 4 This is the third schematic diagram of a broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 5 This is the fourth schematic diagram of a broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 6 This is the fifth schematic diagram of a broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 7 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the base provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the base provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation sheet provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 10 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the medium pad block provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 11 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the medium pad provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the parasitic plate provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 13 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the feeding probe provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 14 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding probe provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0059] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply network provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0060] Figure 16 This is an impedance diagram of the power supply network provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0061] Reference numerals: 1. Base, 11. First surface, 12. Second surface, 13. Isolation structure, 14. First stacked structure, 141. First metal plate, 142. Metal support column, 15. Second stacked structure, 151. Second metal plate, 2. Radiation plate, 21. First radiation plate, 22. Second radiation plate, 3. Dielectric pad, 31. Weight reduction groove, 32. Mounting surface, 4. Parasitic plate, 41. Cross-shaped slot, 5. Power supply structure, 51. Power supply network, 511. First power supply network, 512. Second power supply network, 52. Power supply probe, 521. First power supply probe, 522. Second power supply probe, 523. Input connection, 524. Output connection, X. First direction. Detailed Implementation

[0062] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0063] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0064] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0065] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0066] This application provides a broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna. The broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] Reference Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the radiation principle of a broadband low-profile, high-efficiency, and high-isolation antenna according to an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figures 2 to 6 This diagram illustrates a structural schematic of a broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna according to an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figures 7 to 8 The diagram shows a structural schematic of the base provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 9 The diagram shows a schematic representation of the structure of the radiating sheet provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figures 10 to 11 The diagram shows a schematic representation of the structure of the media pad provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 The diagram shows a schematic representation of the structure of the parasitic plate provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figures 13 to 14 The diagram shows a schematic of the structure of the feed probe provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 15 This shows a schematic diagram of the power supply network provided in an embodiment of this application, with reference to... Figure 16 The diagram shows the impedance schematic of the power supply network provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0068] like Figures 2 to 6As shown, this application provides a broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna, including: a base 1, a radiating component, and a plurality of first stacked structures 14, wherein the thickness direction of the base 1 is the first direction X; the radiating component is disposed on the base 1; the first stacked structures 14 are disposed on the base 1, and the plurality of stacked structures are spaced apart along the circumference of the radiating component; wherein, the first stacked structure 14 includes a plurality of first metal plates 141, and the plurality of first metal plates 141 are spaced apart along the first direction X.

[0069] In this embodiment, multiple first stacked structures 14 are provided, and each first stacked structure 14 includes multiple first metal plates 141 spaced apart along the first direction X. Thus, the base 1 and the first stacked structures 14 with multiple first metal plates 141 can provide more equivalent potential surfaces, allowing more irrotational electric fields to close into rotational electric fields through these surfaces, which is beneficial for improving antenna efficiency. It should be noted that the base 1 in this embodiment is made of metal, including but not limited to copper, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy. In one embodiment, the base 1 can be made of aluminum alloy 2A12.

[0070] In practical applications, such as Figure 1 As shown, according to the antenna radiation principle in Baranis' antenna theory, there is an equivalent equipotential surface at the intersection of dipoles, which causes the wave to close, thus escaping the antenna's constraint and forming radiation. The common equivalent equipotential surface of an antenna is a metallic ground, i.e., the base 1. Since the base 1 is a flat plate structure, it can only provide one equivalent equipotential surface, resulting in the inability to form more closed waves. In this embodiment, because a first stacked structure 14 is provided, and each first stacked structure 14 includes multiple first metal plates 141, i.e., the base 1 and the first stacked structure 14 with multiple first metal plates 141 can provide more equivalent equipotential surfaces, allowing the irrotational electric field that has not escaped the antenna to be transformed into a rotational electric field as much as possible, thereby improving antenna efficiency under low profile conditions.

[0071] In some optional embodiments of this application, the base 1 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction X. The base 1 includes a central region and four corner regions surrounding the central region. The radiating component is disposed in the central region. Four first stacked structures 14 are provided, with one first stacked structure 14 disposed in one corner region. This reasonable layout allows the four first stacked structures 14 to be evenly distributed around the radiating component, improving the symmetry of the antenna beam rotation. Furthermore, it makes full use of the space in the base 1, which is beneficial for antenna miniaturization.

[0072] In some optional embodiments of this application, the first stacked structure 14 further includes: a metal pillar 142 extending along the first direction X, the end of the metal pillar 142 near the base 1 being fixedly connected to the base 1, and the end of the metal pillar 142 away from the base 1 being fixedly connected to a plurality of first metal plates 141.

[0073] In this embodiment of the application, since a metal support column 142 is provided, by fixing one end of the metal support column 142 to the base 1 and fixing the other end to a plurality of first metal plates 141, the plurality of first metal plates 141 can be reliably fixed, which is beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of the antenna.

[0074] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the number of first metal plates 141 or the spacing between two adjacent first metal plates 141, and those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual needs. In one embodiment, a first stacked structure 14 includes four first metal plates 141, each first metal plate 141 is provided with a connecting hole, and a metal support column 142 passes through the connecting hole of the four first metal plates 141 and is welded to the hole wall, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the four first metal plates 141 and the metal support column 142.

[0075] In some optional embodiments of this application, the plurality of first metal plates 141 have the same shape. This identical shape enhances the symmetry and consistency of the antenna structure, improving its directivity and gain. Furthermore, it simplifies the antenna structure, reducing manufacturing difficulty and cost.

[0076] It should be noted that the shape of the first metal plate 141 is not limited in this application embodiment, and the dimensions of multiple first metal plates 141 with the same shape can be the same or different. Those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the first metal plate 141 is an isosceles right triangle, which can make fuller use of the apex area of ​​the base 1, making the antenna structure more compact and facilitating further miniaturization of the antenna. Specifically, the first metal plate 141 includes two mutually perpendicular first edges, which are parallel to the edges of the base 1.

[0077] In some optional embodiments of this application, the broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna further includes: a plurality of second stacked structures 15, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the radiating component, with one second stacked structure 15 located between two adjacent first stacked structures 14. Further, the second stacked structure 15 includes: a plurality of second metal plates 151, which are fixedly connected to the base 1 and are spaced apart circumferentially along the base 1.

[0078] In this embodiment of the application, by setting a second stacked structure 15 between two adjacent first stacked structures 14, and the second stacked structure 15 includes a plurality of second metal plates 151, not only can more equivalent potential surfaces be provided, which is beneficial to further improve antenna efficiency, but also the space of the base 1 can be fully utilized, making the antenna structure more compact, which is beneficial to further realize the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0079] It should be noted that the number of second stacked structures 15 is not limited in this application embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. It is understood that the number of second stacked structures 15 should be the same as the number of first stacked structures 14. In one embodiment, four first stacked structures 14 and four second stacked structures 15 are provided, with the four first stacked structures 14 respectively located in the four corner areas of the base 1, and one second stacked structure 15 located between two adjacent first stacked structures 14. Furthermore, the number of second metal plates 151 and the spacing between two adjacent second metal plates 151 are not limited in this application embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual needs. In one embodiment, one second stacked structure 15 includes two second metal plates 151, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the base 1 and welded to the base 1 respectively.

[0080] In some optional embodiments of this application, the plurality of second metal plates 151 have the same shape. This identical shape enhances the symmetry and consistency of the antenna structure, improving its directivity and gain. Furthermore, it simplifies the antenna structure, reducing manufacturing difficulty and cost.

[0081] It should be noted that the shape of the second metal plate 151 is not limited in the embodiments of this application, and the dimensions of multiple second metal plates 151 with the same shape can be the same or different. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the second metal plate 151 is rectangular and parallel to the edge of the base 1.

[0082] In some optional embodiments of this application, the radiating component includes: an RF connector, a power supply structure 5, multiple dielectric pads 3, and radiating sheets 2; the power supply structure 5 is disposed on the base 1 and electrically connected to the RF connector; the dielectric pads 3 are disposed on the base 1, and the multiple dielectric pads 3 are spaced apart circumferentially along the base 1; the multiple radiating sheets 2 are spaced apart circumferentially along the base 1, one radiating sheet 2 is fixedly connected to one dielectric pad 3, and the radiating sheet 2 is electrically connected to the power supply structure 5. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "electrical connection" can be either an electromagnetic coupling connection or an electrical connection, and is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs.

[0083] In this embodiment, the radiating sheet 2 and the feeding structure 5 are provided. The radiating sheet 2 is electrically connected to the feeding structure 5, and the feeding structure 5 is electrically connected to the RF connector, thereby enabling signal reception and transmission. Furthermore, the dielectric pad 3 is provided, and the radiating sheet 2 can be reliably fixed by fixing it to the dielectric pad 3.

[0084] In one embodiment, four dielectric pads 3 and four radiating sheets 2 are provided. The four dielectric pads 3 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the base 1, and one radiating sheet 2 is fixedly connected to one dielectric pad 3. Specifically, threaded holes are provided at corresponding positions of the dielectric pads 3 and the radiating sheets 2, and a reliable connection between the dielectric pads 3 and the radiating sheets 2 is achieved by screws engaging with the threaded holes.

[0085] In some optional embodiments of this application, the power supply structure 5 includes a power supply network 51 and a power supply probe 52. The power supply network 51 includes an output terminal and an input terminal, with the input terminal electrically connected to an RF connector. The power supply probe 52 includes an input connection portion 523 and an output connection portion 524, with the input connection portion 523 electrically connected to the output terminal and the output connection portion 524 electrically connected to the radiating plate 2. Thus, by electrically connecting the input connection portion 523 of the power supply probe 52 to the output terminal of the power supply network 51, and by electrically connecting the output connection portion 524 of the power supply probe 52 to the radiating plate 2, the energy of the power supply structure 5 can be effectively transferred to the radiating plate 2.

[0086] It should be noted that the material of the power supply probe 52 is not limited in this application embodiment, and those skilled in the art can make adjustments according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the power supply probe 52 is made of H62 brass plated with gold.

[0087] In some optional embodiments of this application, the base 1 includes a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 disposed opposite to each other along a first direction X; the power supply network 51 includes a first power supply network 511 and a second power supply network 512, one of which is disposed on the first surface 11 and the other on the second surface 12. Further, the radiating plate 2 includes a first radiating plate 21 and a second radiating plate 22; the power supply probe 52 includes a first power supply probe 521 and a second power supply probe 522; the first power supply probe 521 includes a first input connection portion 523 and a first output connection portion 524, the first input connection portion 523 being electrically connected to the first power supply network 511 and the first output connection portion 524 being electrically connected to the first radiating plate 21; the second power supply probe 522 includes a second input connection portion 523 and a second output connection portion 524, the second input connection portion 523 being electrically connected to the second power supply network 512 and the second output connection portion 524 being electrically connected to the second radiating plate 22. The first power supply network 511 is located between the base 1 and the dielectric pad 3.

[0088] In this embodiment, on the one hand, by providing a first power supply network 511 and a second power supply network 512, two signals with equal amplitude and a 180° phase difference can be output. On the other hand, since one of the first power supply network 511 and the second power supply network 512 is located on the first surface 11 and the other is located on the second surface 12, i.e., the first power supply network 511 and the second power supply network 512 are located at different heights, the isolation between the output ends of the two power supply networks 51 can be effectively increased. Furthermore, since a first feed probe 521 and a second feed probe 522 are provided, the first input connection part 523 of the first feed probe 521 is electrically connected to the first feed network 511, the first output connection part 524 is electrically connected to the first radiating plate 21, and the second input connection part 523 of the second feed probe 522 is electrically connected to the second feed network 512, and the second output connection part 524 is electrically connected to the second radiating plate 22, signals with two different polarization directions can be fed to the first radiating plate 21 and the second radiating plate 22 respectively, so that the antenna has dual polarization characteristics.

[0089] In one embodiment, the first power supply network 511 and the second power supply network 512 have the same structure. The first power supply network 511 includes a first input terminal and two first output terminals, and the second power supply network 512 includes a second input terminal and two second output terminals. Two first power supply probes 521 and two second power supply probes 522 are respectively provided. The first input connection portion 523 and the first output connection portion 524 of the first power supply probe 521 are electrically connected to a first output terminal and a first radiating plate 21, respectively. The second input connection portion 523 and the second output connection portion 524 of the second power supply probe 522 are electrically connected to a second output terminal and a second radiating plate 22, respectively. The center line connecting the two first power supply probes 521 and the center line connecting the two second power supply probes 522 are perpendicular to each other.

[0090] In some optional embodiments of this application, the first radiating plate 21 and the second radiating plate 22 have different shapes and / or sizes. That is, the boundary conditions of the first radiating plate 21 and the second radiating plate 22 are different. By optimizing the first radiating plate 21 and the second radiating plate 22 separately, the efficiency of the two ports can be optimized respectively. In one embodiment, the first radiating plate 21 and the second radiating plate 22 have the same shape but different sizes, thereby giving the first radiating plate 21 and the second radiating plate 22 different boundary conditions.

[0091] In some optional embodiments of this application, the radiating sheet 2 is arranged at an angle to the base 1. Specifically, the dielectric pad 3 includes a mounting surface 32, which is arranged at an angle to the first surface 11 of the base 1. The radiating sheet 2 is attached to the mounting surface 32, thereby achieving the angled arrangement between the radiating sheet 2 and the base 1.

[0092] In this embodiment, since the radiating plate 2 is set at an angle to the base 1, i.e., the radiating plate 2 is tilted relative to the base 1, the ability of the radiating plate 2 to confine electromagnetic waves can be reduced, effectively expanding the bandwidth. It should be noted that the specific value of the angle is not limited in this embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs.

[0093] In some optional embodiments of this application, the input connection portion 523 is a columnar connection portion extending along the first direction X; the output connection portion 524 is a sheet-like connection portion parallel to the radiating sheet 2. That is, the columnar connection portion and the sheet-like connection portion are arranged at an angle.

[0094] In this embodiment, on one hand, since the power supply network 51 is disposed on the surface of the base 1 (including the first surface 11 and the second surface 12), and the surface of the base 1 is perpendicular to the first direction X, the input connection portion 523 is a columnar connection portion extending along the first direction X, so that the power supply probe 52 can be electrically connected to the power supply network 51. On the other hand, since the output connection portion 524 is a sheet-like connection portion and parallel to the radiating plate 2, the power supply probe 52 can be electrically connected to the inclined radiating plate 2.

[0095] Furthermore, the corresponding positions of the sheet-like connector and the dielectric pad are respectively provided with first threaded holes. The broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna also includes a first screw. The feed probe 52 can be fixed by the engagement of the first screw and the first threaded hole. In addition, the end of the sheet-like connector away from the columnar connector is welded to the radiating plate 2, so that the energy of the feed network 51 can be reliably transmitted to the radiating plate 2.

[0096] In some optional embodiments of this application, the broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna further includes an isolation structure 13, which is fixedly connected to the base 1 and disposed around at least a portion of the feed probe 52. Specifically, the isolation structure 13 includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the second sleeve being sleeved on the first sleeve and having a gap with the first sleeve, and the feed probe 52 passing through the first sleeve.

[0097] In this embodiment, an isolation structure 13 is provided, which includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve with a gap, and the feed probe 52 passes through the first sleeve, thereby forming a double conductor structure. This not only protects the feed probe 52 but also improves the polarization isolation of the antenna.

[0098] It should be noted that the number of isolation structures 13 should be consistent with the number of power supply probes 52 and their positions should correspond. Furthermore, since the first power supply network 511 is disposed on the first surface 11 of the base 1, in order to achieve electrical connection between the output end of the first power supply network 511 and the first power supply probe 521 disposed inside the isolation structure 13, openings are respectively provided at the corresponding peripheral walls of the first sleeve and the second sleeve, thereby forming a C-shaped double-sleeve structure. This allows the output end of the first power supply network 511 to extend into the first sleeve, achieving a reliable electrical connection between the first power supply network 511 and the first power supply probe 521. In addition, to avoid interference between the isolation structure 13 and the first power supply network 511, the first power supply network 511 has a C-shaped groove at the corresponding position on the isolation structure 13, and both the first sleeve and the second sleeve of the isolation structure 13 pass through the C-shaped groove.

[0099] In some optional embodiments of this application, the dielectric pad 3 is provided with a weight reduction groove 31. This reduces the weight of the antenna, which is beneficial for antenna lightweighting.

[0100] In some optional embodiments of this application, the radiating component further includes a parasitic plate 4, which is connected to the side of the dielectric pad 3 facing away from the base 1. Thus, by providing the parasitic plate 4, energy is radiated by coupling it to the radiating plate 2, effectively reducing the antenna resonant frequency and antenna profile. Furthermore, the increased coupling path also increases the equivalent potential surface, effectively increasing antenna efficiency.

[0101] In practical applications, the parasitic patch 4 and the dielectric pad 3 are respectively provided with second threaded holes at corresponding positions. The broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna also includes a second screw. The parasitic patch 4 can be reliably fixed to the dielectric pad 3 by the engagement of the second screw and the second threaded hole. The dielectric pad 3, the feed network 51, and the base 1 are respectively provided with third threaded holes at corresponding positions. The broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna also includes a third screw. The dielectric pad 3 and the feed network 51 can be reliably fixed to the base 1 by the engagement of the third screw and the third threaded hole. In addition, in one embodiment, the radiating plate 2, the feed network 51, the parasitic patch 4, and the dielectric pad 3 are all made of Rogers 4350B board material.

[0102] In some optional embodiments of this application, a cross-shaped slit 41 is provided in the middle region of the parasitic patch 4. This allows for the regulation of the electromagnetic field distribution, improving the radiation efficiency and bandwidth characteristics of the radiating component. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the "middle region" refers to the region near the center of the parasitic patch 4.

[0103] In summary, the antenna's resonant frequency is mainly constrained by the dimensions of the radiating plate 2, the angle between the radiating plate 2 and the base 1, the dimensions of the feed probe 52, the dimensions of the parasitic plate 4, the dimensions of the cross-shaped slot, and the height of the parasitic plate 4. The antenna efficiency is mainly constrained by the dimensions of the first stacked structure 14, the second stacked structure 15, and the isolation structure 13. Furthermore, after optimizing the antenna efficiency to its maximum value, the antenna's resonant frequency will shift. Therefore, it is only necessary to first adjust the parameters that have a significant impact on the antenna's resonant frequency to achieve resonance, and then adjust the parameters that have a significant impact on efficiency. At this point, the frequency shift can be further optimized by fine-tuning the parameters that affect the resonant frequency.

[0104] Based on the above theory, the following is a method for fabricating a broadband low-profile, high-efficiency, and high-isolation antenna according to an embodiment of this application:

[0105] Step S1: Optimize the initial size of the first radiating plate 21 and its angle with the base 1, or the initial size of the second radiating plate 22 and its angle with the base 1, the initial size of the parasitic plate 4, the initial size of the cross-shaped slit 41, and the height of the parasitic plate 4 (i.e., the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feed network 511 or the second feed network 512) to obtain the first optimized structure, so that the first optimized structure works in the target resonant frequency band.

[0106] Generally, antenna design begins with simulation software. The dimensions and structural relationships of various components are input for simulation testing. Once the design requirements are met, the corresponding components are fabricated using the obtained dimensions and then installed and fixed to obtain the designed antenna. Based on this theory, the antenna must first operate within the target resonant frequency band, for example, 690MHz to 960MHz. Therefore, the initial dimensions of the first radiating plate 21 and its angle with the base 1, or the initial dimensions of the second radiating plate 22 and its angle with the base 1, the initial dimensions of the parasitic plate 4, the initial dimensions of the cross-shaped slot 41, and the height of the parasitic plate 4 (i.e., the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feed network 511 or the second feed network 512) are optimized to obtain a first optimized structure, enabling the first optimized structure to operate within the 690MHz to 960MHz range. A better simulation testing software can be HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator, a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software launched by Ansoft). HFSS can be used to determine the initial size of the first radiating plate 21 and its angle with the base 1, or the initial size of the second radiating plate 22 and its angle with the base 1, the initial size of the parasitic plate 4, the initial size of the cross-shaped gap 41, and the height of the parasitic plate 4 (i.e., the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feed network 511 or the second feed network 512) to obtain the first optimized structure.

[0107] Step S2: Based on the first optimized structure, optimize the quantity, size, and height of each layer (i.e., the height of each first metal plate 141 relative to the first surface 11 of the base 1) of the first stacked structure 14 after the first optimization, as well as the quantity, size, and dimensions of the second metal plate 151 of the second stacked structure 15, and the dimensions of the four isolation structures 13 (i.e., the first sleeve and the second sleeve) to obtain the second optimized structure, so that the efficiency and isolation of the second optimized structure reach the maximum value, and the operating frequency band of the second optimized structure is slightly biased towards the target resonant frequency band.

[0108] After obtaining the first optimized structure, a second optimization is performed on the quantity, size, and height of the first metal plates 141 of the first stacked structure 14 of the base 1, the quantity and size of the second metal plates 151 of the second stacked structure 15, and the size of the four isolation structures 13. This results in the second optimized structure, which maximizes the efficiency of the second optimized structure. Due to the inherent characteristics of the antenna, the resonant frequency shifts slightly after the efficiency reaches its maximum. That is, the operating frequency band of the second optimized structure is slightly off from the target resonant frequency band, thus requiring a third optimization.

[0109] Step S3: Based on the second optimized structure, optimize the dimensions of the first radiating plate 21 or the second radiating plate 22 after the first optimization, the initial dimensions of the parasitic plate 4, the initial dimensions of the cross-shaped slit 41, the height of the parasitic plate 4 (i.e., the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feed network 511 or the second feed network 512), and the diameter of the columnar connection of the feed probe 52 to obtain the third optimized structure, so that the efficiency of the third optimized structure reaches the maximum value, and the third optimized structure operates in the target resonant frequency band.

[0110] Step S4: Based on the center frequency of the target resonant frequency band, the thickness and dielectric constant of the dielectric pad 3, the impedance matching requirements, and the location of the feed point, determine the linewidth and linelength of each microstrip line in the feed network 51, and then determine the size of the feed network 51.

[0111] The methods for determining the impedance, linewidth, and line length of the feeder network 51 include:

[0112] First, determine the center frequency of the power supply network 51 (based on the target frequency band); then determine the thickness and dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate (which can be determined by conventional methods); finally, match the impedance of both the input and output ports to 50Ω.

[0113] With initial values ​​of 50Ω impedance, linewidth, and line length, after optimization through HFSS simulation testing, the linewidth and line length of each microstrip line segment can be obtained based on the center frequency, the thickness of the dielectric substrate, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate, the input impedance, the output impedance, and the feed point location (i.e., the location where the feed probe 52 is connected to the feed network 51).

[0114] Assuming the center frequency of the power supply network 51 is set at 825MHz, and the frequency sweep range is 690MHz~960MHz, combined with... Figure 15 The schematic diagram of the power supply network 51 shown is as follows: Figure 16 As shown in the impedance diagram of the feeder network 51, we can see that:

[0115] The input signal to the feed network 51 is split into two paths by a Wilkins power divider. Resistor R is an absorption resistor, increasing port isolation and reducing antenna cross-polarization. The two output signals from the Wilkins power divider are phased by a 180° phase shifter. The system is designed on Rogers RO4350B substrate with a thickness of 0.762mm and a dielectric constant of 3.66.

[0116] The impedance values, line widths, and line lengths of the feeder network 51 are as follows:

[0117] λg=216.6mm

[0118] Z1 = 70.71Ω, microstrip linewidth 0.85mm;

[0119] Z2 = 63Ω, microstrip line width 1mm;

[0120] Z3 = 81Ω, microstrip linewidth 0.6mm;

[0121] Z4 = 50Ω, microstrip line width 1.6mm.

[0122] The above values ​​were set as initial values. After optimization through HFSS simulation testing, the actual linewidth and line length of each microstrip line were obtained according to the index requirements and the location of the power supply point.

[0123] The process of determining the actual linewidth and linelength of each microstrip line segment can be implemented using conventional techniques, and will not be elaborated further.

[0124] The optimized first feed network 511 and second feed network 512 are completely identical, except that they are mounted on the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the base 1, respectively. After the feed network 51 is mounted on the base 1, the antenna frequency and efficiency change. This is because of the impedance mismatch caused by the addition of the feed network 51 to the antenna radiator.

[0125] Step S5: Based on the third optimized structure, after assembling the optimized feed network 51, optimize the dimensions of the first radiating plate 21 or the first optimized size of the first radiating plate 21, the initial size of the parasitic plate 4, the initial size of the cross-shaped gap 41, the height of the parasitic plate 4 (i.e., the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feed network 511 or the second feed network 512), and the diameter of the columnar connection of the feed probe 52. It should be noted that since the first feed network 511 and the feed network 51 are respectively assembled on the first surface 11 and the second surface of the base 1... 12. Two first radiating plates 21 are distributed along the diagonal of the base 1, and the two first radiating plates 21 are electrically connected to the two first output terminals of the first feed network 511 respectively. Two second radiating plates 22 are distributed along the diagonal of the base 1, and the two second radiating plates 22 are electrically connected to the two second output terminals of the second feed network 512 respectively. Due to different boundary conditions, the first radiating plates 21 and the second radiating plates 22 can be optimized separately to obtain the fourth optimized structure, so that the efficiency of the fourth optimized structure reaches the maximum value, and the fourth optimized structure operates in the target resonant frequency band.

[0126] This allows for the final determination of the dimensions of the first radiating plate 21 and its angle with the base 1, or the dimensions of the second radiating plate 22 and its angle with the base 1, the dimensions of the parasitic plate 4, the dimensions of the cross-shaped slot 41, and the height of the parasitic plate 4 (i.e., the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feed network 511 or the second feed network 512), the number, dimensions, and height of each layer of the first metal plate 141 of the first stacked structure 14 (i.e., the height of each first metal plate 141 relative to the first surface 11 of the base 1), the number and dimensions of the second metal plate 151 of the second stacked structure 15, the dimensions of the four isolation structures 13 (i.e., the first sleeve and the second sleeve), and the diameter of the columnar connection of the feed probe 52. Determining the height of the parasitic plate 4 also determines the height of the dielectric pad 3, thus all parameters are now determined. Based on the above parameters, the broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna of this embodiment can be fabricated and assembled. Tests have shown that the broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna of this application embodiment can cover the operating frequency band of 690MHz to 960MHz, and the total antenna efficiency is greater than 85% and the isolation is less than -20dB, which makes it highly practical.

[0127] In summary, the broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, and high-isolation antenna provided in this application embodiment has at least the following advantages:

[0128] In this embodiment, multiple first stacked structures are provided, and each first stacked structure includes multiple first metal plates spaced apart along a first direction. Thus, the base and the first stacked structures with multiple first metal plates can provide more equivalent potential surfaces, allowing more irrotational electric fields to close into rotational electric fields through these surfaces, which is beneficial for improving antenna efficiency.

[0129] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0130] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna, characterized in that, The wideband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna comprises a base, a radiation assembly and a plurality of first laminated structures, a thickness direction of the base is a first direction; The radiation assembly is arranged on the base; The first laminated structures are arranged on the base, and a plurality of the first laminated structures are arranged along a circumferential direction of the radiation assembly; The first laminated structure comprises a plurality of first metal plates, and the plurality of first metal plates are arranged along the first direction; The first laminated structure further comprises a metal support extending along the first direction, one end of the metal support close to the base is fixedly connected to the base, and the other end of the metal support away from the base is welded to the plurality of first metal plates, so that the base and the plurality of first metal plates provide more equivalent equipotential surfaces. The cross section of the base perpendicular to the first direction is rectangular, and the base comprises a central region and four corner regions located around the central region; 2. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The radiation assembly is arranged on the central region; The first laminated structures are arranged in four, and one first laminated structure is arranged in one corner region. The plurality of first metal plates are of the same shape.

3. The broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first metal plate is an isosceles right triangle.

4. The broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna according to claim 3, wherein, The wideband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna further comprises a plurality of second laminated structures, the plurality of second laminated structures are arranged along the circumferential direction of the radiation assembly, and one second laminated structure is located between two adjacent first laminated structures.

5. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The second laminated structure comprises a plurality of second metal plates, the second metal plates are fixedly connected to the base, and the plurality of second metal plates are arranged along the circumferential direction of the base.

6. The broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna according to claim 5, wherein, The plurality of second metal plates are of the same shape.

7. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna according to claim 6, wherein, The second metal plate is rectangular.

8. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna according to claim 7, wherein, The radiation assembly comprises a radio frequency connector, a feed structure, a plurality of dielectric pads and a plurality of radiation sheets; 9. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The feed structure is arranged on the base, and the feed structure is electrically connected to the radio frequency connector; The dielectric pads are arranged on the base, and the plurality of dielectric pads are arranged along the circumferential direction of the base; The plurality of radiation sheets are arranged along the circumferential direction of the base, one radiation sheet is fixedly connected to one dielectric pad, and the radiation sheet is electrically connected to the feed structure. The feed structure comprises a feed network and a feed probe; 10. The broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna according to claim 9, wherein, The feed network comprises an output end and an input end, and the input end is electrically connected to the radio frequency connector; The feed probe comprises an input connection part and an output connection part, the input connection part is electrically connected to the output end, and the output connection part is electrically connected to the radiation sheet. The base comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged away from each other along the first direction; 11. The broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna according to claim 10, wherein, The feed network comprises a first feed network and a second feed network, one of the first feed network and the second feed network is arranged on the first surface, and the other is arranged on the second surface. The radiation sheet comprises a first radiation sheet and a second radiation sheet; 12. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna of claim 11, wherein, The feed probe comprises a first feed probe and a second feed probe; ​ The first feeding probe comprises a first input connecting part and a first output connecting part, the first input connecting part is electrically connected with the first feeding network, and the first output connecting part is electrically connected with the first radiating sheet; The second feeding probe comprises a second input connecting part and a second output connecting part, the second input connecting part is electrically connected with the second feeding network, and the second output connecting part is electrically connected with the second radiating sheet.

13. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna of claim 12, wherein, The first radiating sheet and the second radiating sheet are different in shape and / or size.

14. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna according to any one of claims 10-13, wherein, The radiating sheet is arranged at an angle with the base.

15. The broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna according to claim 14, wherein, The input connecting part is a columnar connecting part, which extends along the first direction; The output connecting part is a sheet-shaped connecting part, which is parallel to the radiating sheet.

16. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna according to any one of claims 10-13, wherein, The wideband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna further comprises an isolation structure, which is fixedly connected to the base and arranged around at least part of the feeding probe.

17. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna of claim 16, wherein, The isolation structure comprises a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve and has a gap with the first sleeve, and the feeding probe is arranged through the first sleeve.

18. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna according to any one of claims 9-13, wherein, The dielectric block is provided with a weight-reducing groove.

19. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna according to any one of claims 9-13, wherein, The radiating assembly further comprises a parasitic sheet, which is connected to one side of the dielectric block away from the base.

20. The broadband low profile high efficiency high isolation antenna of claim 19, wherein, A cross-shaped gap is formed in the middle region of the parasitic sheet.

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