PON equipment research management method based on MAC address

Abstract

The invention discloses a PON (Passive Optical Network) equipment research management method based on an MAC (Media Access Control) address, which relates to the technical field of communication, and comprises the following steps: S100, collecting routing table information, ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) information and LLDP (Local Link Distribution Protocol) information; s200, classifying the acquired equipment information by using equipment identifiers, distinguishing equipment types, acquiring PON port names and indexes of OLT equipment and opposite-end ONU MAC addresses under the PON ports according to private MIB information of manufacturers for network equipment and OLT equipment, and mapping and storing OLT information; s300, constructing a link between the network equipment and a link between the network equipment and the OLT equipment, and constructing a link between the OLT and the ONU through an automatic link construction algorithm; s400, generating a network topological graph; and S500, displaying the network topological graph, reflecting the link state and providing an alarm function. The PON equipment research management method and system realize PON equipment research management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to a PON equipment research and management method based on MAC addresses. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of optical fiber access network (PON) technology and its widespread deployment around the world, the core architecture of the PON system consists of optical line terminals (OLT) and optical network units (ONU). However, with the surge in the number of PON network devices and the increasing complexity of network architecture, network operation and management face many challenges, especially in achieving automatic discovery, real-time monitoring and efficient maintenance of ONU devices, which has become a key issue to ensure stable network operation and improve service quality.

[0003] At present, the continuous expansion of PON network technology and business scale has exposed many shortcomings of traditional solutions: First, the existing mainstream PON network management system mainly relies on specific manufacturer protocols for management. The command formats and result parsing of different manufacturers are significantly different, resulting in compatibility only with own-brand equipment, making it difficult to achieve automatic discovery and unified management of cross-vendor ONU equipment. Secondly, the traditional method of manually entering ONU device information and parsing command echoes is time-consuming and error-prone, and cannot meet the needs of efficient operation and maintenance in large-scale network environments. Finally, current solutions generally lack the ability to fully build physical links and logical links, making it difficult to generate a complete network topology map, thereby limiting the intuitive display and analysis of the overall network status. As PON networks develop towards larger scales, higher bandwidths, and more complex services, the limitations of traditional solutions have become increasingly prominent, which has put forward higher requirements for efficient automated operation and maintenance, cross-vendor equipment compatibility, and complete network topology construction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a PON equipment research and management method based on MAC address to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a PON equipment research and management method based on MAC address, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] S100, collecting routing table information, ARP information and LLDP information;

[0007] S200, using the device identifier to classify the collected device information, distinguish the device type, and for network devices and OLT devices, obtain the PON port name and PON port index of the OLT device, and the MAC address of the opposite ONU under the PON port through the manufacturer's private MIB information, and map and store the OLT information;

[0008] S300, building links between network devices and between network devices and OLT devices, and building links between OLT and ONU through an automatic link building algorithm;

[0009] S400, generating a network topology diagram;

[0010] S500, displays the network topology diagram, reflects the link status and provides alarm function.

[0011] In step S100, the specific steps include:

[0012] S101, collecting initial information from the seed device of the PON network, including the non-directly connected next-hop IP address in the routing table, the IP address in the ARP table, and the IP address of the LLDP neighbor device;

[0013] S102, screen the collected IP addresses and neighbor information, remove duplicate IP addresses, reserved addresses, broadcast addresses and special-purpose addresses, and store the screened valid IP addresses into the seed IP pool;

[0014] S103, for the devices in the seed IP pool, collect their basic information through the SNMP protocol, including device identifier, device type and topology information;

[0015] S104: Store the collected device information in a database, including device identifier, IP address, device type and topology information.

[0016] In step S100, the device identifier represents the MAC address network layer universal identifier of the device, the device type includes routers, switches, OLTs and ONU devices, and the topology information includes the port connection information and uplink and downlink relationships of the device.

[0017] In step S200, the specific steps include:

[0018] S201, classify the device type according to the device information collected in step S100, check the system description field returned in the SNMP protocol of the device, determine the device manufacturer and device type, compare the device identifier with the manufacturer's private MIB information, verify the accuracy of the device type, and classify the device type into network devices, OLT devices and ONU devices, where the network device includes routers and switches;

[0019] S202. For network devices and OLT devices, obtain the PON port name and PON port index of the OLT device and the MAC address of the opposite ONU under the PON port through the manufacturer's private MIB information, map and store the OLT information, and store the OLT device set and the ONU MAC address information under the PON port of the OLT device. The storage format is as follows: F(OLT)={OLT-ID1,OLT-ID2,...,OLT-ID n}; Among them, OLT-ID1, OLT-ID2, ..., OLT-ID n They represent the 1st to nth OLT devices respectively, F(OLT) represents the set of OLT devices, and n represents the data number;

[0020] S203: Establish a mapping relationship set between the OLT device and the ONU device. The mapping relationship set between the OLT device and the ONU device is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, Map(OLT,ONU) represents the mapping relationship set between OLT devices and ONU devices, ID1, ID2, ..., ID n Respectively represent the unique identifiers of the 1st to nth OLT devices, PON1, PON2, ..., PON n Indicates the PON port ID of the 1st to nth OLT device. ,..., Respectively represent the combination identifiers of the 1st to nth OLT device unique identifier id and PON port id; 、 ...、 Respectively represent the unique identifiers of the 1st to nth ONU devices, Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the first OLT device and the first ONU device attached to it. Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the second OLT device and the second ONU device attached to it. Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the n-1th OLT device and the n-1th ONU device attached to it. Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the nth OLT device and the nth ONU device connected to it;

[0023] S204: Create basic information of the ONU device according to the unique identifier of the ONU device.

[0024] In step S300, the specific steps include:

[0025] S301, based on the neighbor device information collected by the LLDP protocol, building a link relationship between network devices, including obtaining the MAC address and port information of the neighbor device of the network device, and recording the physical connection between the devices according to the information, generating a link record between the network devices, and at the same time, checking whether the uplink port of the OLT device is connected to the network device, and associating the ports of the network device and the OLT device according to the LLDP information, generating a link record between the network device and the OLT device;

[0026] S302: Build a link between the OLT and the ONU through an automatic link building algorithm.

[0027] In step S302, the specific steps include:

[0028] S302-1. For devices classified as OLT, confirm that the device type is "OLT", extract its PON port related information through the SNMP protocol, including the port name, the MAC address of the PON port, and the number of ONU devices attached to each port and their MAC address list, match the format of the PON port name, filter out ports that meet the rules, and require that the port name contain the onu-id identifier;

[0029] S302-2. For the filtered PON ports, locate the ONU device connected to the PON port through the port MAC address and name, and use the discovered ONU device MAC address to confirm its corresponding PON port connection relationship, and then build a link record, including the link starting end as the OLT device PON port and its MAC address, the link target end as the MAC address of the ONU device, the link type marked as PON link and interface index information including the starting end interface index and the target end interface index.

[0030] In step S400, the specific steps include:

[0031] S401, generate a network topology graph. The construction of the network topology depends on the connection relationship between devices. In the PON network, each device in the PON network represents a node of the graph, and the connectivity relationship between devices corresponds to the edge of the graph. Through the interaction with the device through the SSH protocol, the topology structure of the PON network is derived and gradually constructed according to the known device information and connection relationship. The network topology modeling formula is defined as follows: G = (V, E); wherein G represents the topology graph of the PON network, V is a node set representing the device, and E is an edge set representing the connection relationship between the devices. By traversing the graph G, the physical connection relationship between the OLT and the ONU devices is found, and based on this, the topology structure of the entire network is derived. For the connection relationship between the devices, multiple threads are opened for parallel processing, thereby shortening the total time for generating the topology graph, and the connection relationship between the OLT and the subordinate devices of the PON network is constructed through the graph traversal method, and then the specific connection status of each layer of devices is gradually deepened to finally generate a complete topology graph. By adopting multi-threading technology and hierarchical calculation method, the response speed of topology graph generation is improved;

[0032] S402. Display the generated network topology through a graphical interface, with the OLT device as the main node and the ONU devices mounted thereon arranged in a distributed manner. Each device node contains name and type identification information, and the logical relationship between the devices is presented through straight line connections, reflecting the topological structure of the network.

[0033] In step S500, the specific steps include:

[0034] S501, using the SNMP protocol, obtain link status data from the OLT and ONU devices, including the operating status of the port and the bandwidth utilization of the link, classify and analyze the collected data, and determine whether the link status is abnormal. When the link is interrupted, it is marked as an interrupted state. When the link bandwidth utilization exceeds the set threshold, it is marked as a congested state. For a link that is operating normally and the bandwidth utilization does not exceed the threshold, it is marked as a normal state;

[0035] S502. Present link status information through color identification. In the network topology diagram, adjust the color display of the link according to the link status classification. A red link indicates an interruption state and triggers a level 1 alarm, prompting the operation and maintenance personnel to check the relevant equipment or port failure. A blue link indicates that the link is in a congested state and generates a level 2 alarm to remind the existence of high load or potential bottlenecks and the need for traffic optimization. A green link represents normal operation and does not require special attention. The link status is displayed in the network topology diagram in the form of color.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. Based on the universal identification of MAC address, it breaks through the traditional method's reliance on the manufacturer's proprietary protocol, realizes the automatic identification and association of OLT and ONU devices from different manufacturers, and supports the unified collection, monitoring and management of operation and maintenance information, simplifies the operation and maintenance of cross-manufacturer equipment, and improves management efficiency;

[0038] 2. Use SNMP protocol for device discovery, avoiding the complexity of traditional SSH command parsing and avoiding problems caused by command format differences and parsing errors;

[0039] 3. Use LLDP information to build links between network devices and between network devices and OLT devices, and use the link automatic construction algorithm to build links between OLT and ONU. Combine device information with link relationships to generate a network topology diagram, showing the layout and connection methods of OLT and its ONU devices in the network, and showing the logical link relationship between OLT-ONU devices, fully displaying the network topology structure;

[0040] 4. Provides a visual display function for network topology, intuitively presents device status and link connections through topology maps, helps network administrators quickly grasp the overall network picture, and marks link status and alarm prompts with colors to improve the speed and accuracy of fault location and optimize resource allocation efficiency. At the same time, it provides automated device discovery and topology construction functions to reduce manual operations, significantly reduce manual error rates, achieve real-time monitoring of device status and links, promptly detect link anomalies, and ensure high reliability and stability of the network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a PON device research and management method based on MAC address according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an automatic ONU discovery algorithm flow in a PON device research and management method based on a MAC address according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an automatic OLT-ONU link construction process of a PON device research and management method based on MAC addresses. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution, a PON equipment research and management method based on MAC address, the method comprising the following steps:

[0046] S100, collecting routing table information, ARP information and LLDP information;

[0047] S200, using the device identifier to classify the collected device information, distinguish the device type, and for network devices and OLT devices, obtain the PON port name and PON port index of the OLT device, and the MAC address of the opposite ONU under the PON port through the manufacturer's private MIB information, and map and store the OLT information;

[0048] S300, building links between network devices and between network devices and OLT devices, and building links between OLT and ONU through an automatic link building algorithm;

[0049] S400, generating a network topology diagram;

[0050] S500, displays the network topology diagram, reflects the link status and provides alarm function.

[0051] In step S100, the specific steps include:

[0052] S101, collecting initial information from the seed device of the PON network, including the non-directly connected next-hop IP address in the routing table, the IP address in the ARP table, and the IP address of the LLDP neighbor device;

[0053] S102, screen the collected IP addresses and neighbor information, remove duplicate IP addresses, reserved addresses, broadcast addresses and special-purpose addresses, and store the screened valid IP addresses into the seed IP pool;

[0054] S103, for the devices in the seed IP pool, collect their basic information through the SNMP protocol, including device identifier, device type and topology information;

[0055] S104: Store the collected device information in a database, including device identifier, IP address, device type and topology information.

[0056] In step S100, the device identifier represents the MAC address network layer universal identifier of the device, the device type includes routers, switches, OLTs and ONU devices, and the topology information includes the port connection information and uplink and downlink relationships of the device.

[0057] In step S200, the specific steps include:

[0058] S201, classify the device type according to the device information collected in step S100, check the system description field returned in the SNMP protocol of the device, determine the device manufacturer and device type, compare the device identifier with the manufacturer's private MIB information, verify the accuracy of the device type, and classify the device type into network devices, OLT devices and ONU devices, where the network device includes routers and switches;

[0059] S202. For network devices and OLT devices, obtain the PON port name and PON port index of the OLT device and the MAC address of the opposite ONU under the PON port through the manufacturer's private MIB information, map and store the OLT information, and store the OLT device set and the ONU MAC address information under the PON port of the OLT device. The storage format is as follows: F(OLT)={OLT-ID1,OLT-ID2,...,OLT-ID n}; Among them, OLT-ID1, OLT-ID2, ..., OLT-ID n They represent the 1st to nth OLT devices respectively, F(OLT) represents the set of OLT devices, and n represents the data number;

[0060] S203: Establish a mapping relationship set between the OLT device and the ONU device. The mapping relationship set between the OLT device and the ONU device is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, Map(OLT,ONU) represents the mapping relationship set between OLT devices and ONU devices, ID1, ID2, ..., ID n Respectively represent the unique identifiers of the 1st to nth OLT devices, PON1, PON2, ..., PON n Indicates the PON port ID of the 1st to nth OLT device. ,..., Respectively represent the combination identifiers of the 1st to nth OLT device unique identifier id and PON port id; 、 ...、 Respectively represent the unique identifiers of the 1st to nth ONU devices, Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the first OLT device and the first ONU device attached to it. Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the second OLT device and the second ONU device attached to it. Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the n-1th OLT device and the n-1th ONU device attached to it. Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the nth OLT device and the nth ONU device connected to it;

[0063] S204: Create basic information of the ONU device according to the unique identifier of the ONU device.

[0064] In step S300, the specific steps include:

[0065] S301, based on the neighbor device information collected by the LLDP protocol, building a link relationship between network devices, including obtaining the MAC address and port information of the neighbor device of the network device, and recording the physical connection between the devices according to the information, generating a link record between the network devices, and at the same time, checking whether the uplink port of the OLT device is connected to the network device, and associating the ports of the network device and the OLT device according to the LLDP information, generating a link record between the network device and the OLT device;

[0066] S302: Build a link between the OLT and the ONU through an automatic link building algorithm.

[0067] In step S302, the specific steps include:

[0068] S302-1. For devices classified as OLT, confirm that the device type is "OLT", extract its PON port related information through the SNMP protocol, including the port name, the MAC address of the PON port, and the number of ONU devices attached to each port and their MAC address list, match the format of the PON port name, filter out ports that meet the rules, and require that the port name contain the onu-id identifier;

[0069] S302-2. For the filtered PON ports, locate the ONU device connected to the PON port through the port MAC address and name, and use the discovered ONU device MAC address to confirm its corresponding PON port connection relationship, and then build a link record, including the link starting end as the OLT device PON port and its MAC address, the link target end as the MAC address of the ONU device, the link type marked as PON link and interface index information including the starting end interface index and the target end interface index.

[0070] In step S400, the specific steps include:

[0071] S401, generating a network topology graph. The construction of the network topology depends on the connection relationship between devices. In the PON network, each device in the PON network represents a node of the graph, and the connectivity relationship between devices corresponds to the edge of the graph. Through the interaction with the device through the SSH protocol, based on the known device information and connection relationship, the topology structure of the PON network is derived and gradually constructed. The network topology modeling formula is defined as follows: G = (V, E); wherein G represents the topology graph of the PON network, V is a node set representing the device, and E is an edge set representing the connection relationship between devices. For the connection relationship between devices, multiple threads are opened for parallel processing, thereby shortening the total time for generating the topology graph, and the connection relationship between the OLT and the subordinate devices of the PON network is constructed through the graph traversal method, and then the specific connection status of each layer of devices is gradually deepened to finally generate a complete topology graph. By adopting multi-threading technology and hierarchical calculation method, the response speed of generating the topology graph is improved;

[0072] S402. Display the generated network topology through a graphical interface, with the OLT device as the main node and the ONU devices mounted thereon arranged in a distributed manner. Each device node contains name and type identification information, and the logical relationship between the devices is presented through straight line connections, reflecting the topological structure of the network.

[0073] In step S500, the specific steps include:

[0074] S501, using the SNMP protocol, obtain link status data from the OLT and ONU devices, including the operating status of the port and the bandwidth utilization of the link, classify and analyze the collected data, and determine whether the link status is abnormal. When the link is interrupted, it is marked as an interrupted state. When the link bandwidth utilization exceeds the set threshold, it is marked as a congested state. For a link that is operating normally and the bandwidth utilization does not exceed the threshold, it is marked as a normal state;

[0075] S502. Present link status information through color identification. In the network topology diagram, adjust the color display of the link according to the link status classification. A red link indicates an interruption state and triggers a level 1 alarm, prompting the operation and maintenance personnel to check the relevant equipment or port failure. A blue link indicates that the link is in a congested state and generates a level 2 alarm to remind the existence of high load or potential bottlenecks and the need for traffic optimization. A green link represents normal operation and does not require special attention. The link status is displayed in the network topology diagram in the form of color.

[0076] In the embodiment: OLT device information and ONU device information are collected through the SNMP protocol, and the OLT device information includes: device identifier OLT-001, MAC address 00:11:22:33:44:55, PON port configuration: PON1 is connected to 4 ONU devices, PON2 is connected to 3 ONU devices, PON3 has no connected devices, and PON4 is connected to 2 ONU devices. By collecting the MAC addresses and manufacturer information of the devices under the PON ports, it is identified that PON1 is connected to PON2, PON3 has no connected devices, and PON4 has no connected devices. 2 hanging and PON4 hanging, PON1 hanging data is as follows: ONU1 MAC address 00: AA: BB: CC: DD: 01, manufacturer A, model A-ONU1000, ONU2 MAC address 00: AA: BB: CC: DD: 02, manufacturer B, model B-ONU2000, ONU3 MAC address 00: AA: BB: CC: DD: 03, manufacturer A, model A-ONU1000, ONU4 MAC address 00: AA: BB: CC: DD:04, manufacturer C, model C-ONU3000, PON2 downstream data is as follows: ONU5's MAC address 00:AA:BB:CC:DD:05, manufacturer B, model B-ONU2000, ONU6's MAC address 00:AA:BB:CC:DD:06, manufacturer C, model C-ONU3000, ONU7's MAC address 00:AA:BB:CC:DD:07, manufacturer A, model A-ONU1000, PON4 downstream data is as follows :The MAC address of ONU8 is 00:AA:BB:CC:DD:08, manufacturer B, model B-ONU2000, the MAC address of ONU9 is 00:AA:BB:CC:DD:09, manufacturer C, model C-ONU3000. According to the collected MAC addresses and link information, the following association relationships are established: PON1:OLT-001→ONU1,ONU2,ONU3,ONU4; PON2:OLT-001→ONU5,ONU6,ONU7;PON4:OLT-001→ONU8,ONU9, store this information in the database, integrate the data, generate a network topology diagram, and collect link status data to obtain the following results: link OLT-PON1→ONU1, operation status Admin Up, bandwidth utilization is 30%, link status is normal, alarm level is no alarm, link OLT-PON1→ONU2, operation status Operation Down, no record of bandwidth utilization, link status interruption, alarm level is level one alarm, link OLT-PON2→ONU5, operation status Admin Up, bandwidth utilization is 85%, link status congestion, alarm level is level two alarm, link OLT-PON4→ONU8, operation status Admin Up, bandwidth utilization is 85%, link status congestion, alarm level is level two alarm, link OLT-PON4→ONU8, operation status Admin Down, bandwidth utilization is 30%, link status normal, alarm level is level two alarm. Up, bandwidth utilization is 20%, link status is normal, alarm level is no alarm, topology map dynamically displays link status: red link indicates interruption status, OLT-PON1→ONU2 connection is in interruption status, and triggers level 1 alarm; blue link indicates congestion status, OLT-PON2→ONU5 connection is in congestion status, and triggers level 2 alarm; green link indicates normal status, OLT-PON1→ONU1, OLT-PON4→ONU8 connection is in normal status, and no alarm. ;

[0077] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A PON equipment research and management method based on MAC address, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S100, collecting routing table information, ARP information and LLDP information; S200, using device identifiers to classify the collected device information, distinguish device types, and for network devices and OLT devices, obtain the PON port name and PON port index of the OLT device, and the opposite ONU MAC address under the PON port through the manufacturer's private MIB information, and map and store the OLT information; S300, building links between network devices and between network devices and OLT devices, and building links between OLT and ONU through an automatic link building algorithm; S400, generating a network topology diagram; S500, displays the network topology diagram, reflects the link status and provides alarm function.

2. The method for studying and managing PON equipment based on MAC address according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S100, the specific steps include: S101, collecting initial information from the seed device of the PON network, including the non-directly connected next-hop IP address in the routing table, the IP address in the ARP table, and the IP address of the LLDP neighbor device; S102, screen the collected IP addresses and neighbor information, remove duplicate IP addresses, reserved addresses, broadcast addresses and special-purpose addresses, and store the screened valid IP addresses into the seed IP pool; S103, for the devices in the seed IP pool, collect their basic information through the SNMP protocol, including device identifier, device type and topology information; S104: Store the collected device information in a database, including device identifier, IP address, device type and topology information.

3. The method for studying and managing PON equipment based on MAC address according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S100, the device identifier represents the MAC address network layer universal identifier of the device, the device type includes routers, switches, OLTs and ONU devices, and the topology information includes the port connection information and uplink and downlink relationships of the device.

4. The method for studying and managing PON equipment based on MAC address according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S200, the specific steps include: S201, classify the device type according to the device information collected in step S100, check the system description field returned in the SNMP protocol of the device, determine the device manufacturer and device type, compare the device identifier with the manufacturer's private MIB information, verify the accuracy of the device type, and classify the device type into network devices, OLT devices and ONU devices, where the network device includes routers and switches; S202. For network devices and OLT devices, obtain the PON port name and PON port index of the OLT device and the MAC address of the opposite ONU under the PON port through the manufacturer's private MIB information, map and store the OLT information, and store the OLT device set and the ONU MAC address information under the PON port of the OLT device. The storage format is as follows: F(OLT)={OLT-ID1,OLT-ID2,...,OLT-ID n }; Among them, OLT-ID1, OLT-ID2, ..., OLT-ID n They represent the 1st to nth OLT devices respectively, F(OLT) represents the set of OLT devices, and n represents the data number; S203: Establish a mapping relationship set between the OLT device and the ONU device. The mapping relationship set between the OLT device and the ONU device is as follows: Among them, Map(OLT,ONU) represents the mapping relationship set between OLT devices and ONU devices, ID1, ID2, ..., ID n Respectively represent the unique identifiers of the 1st to nth OLT devices, PON1, PON2, ..., PON n Indicates the PON port ID of the 1st to nth OLT device. Respectively represent the combination identifiers of the 1st to nth OLT device unique identifier id and PON port id; Respectively represent the unique identifiers of the 1st to nth ONU devices, Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the first OLT device and the first ONU device attached to it. Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the second OLT device and the second ONU device attached to it. Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the n-1th OLT device and the n-1th ONU device attached to it. Indicates the mapping relationship between the PON port of the nth OLT device and the nth ONU device connected to it; S204: Create basic information of the ONU device according to the unique identifier of the ONU device.

5. The method for researching and managing PON equipment based on MAC address according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S300, the specific steps include: S301, based on the neighbor device information collected by the LLDP protocol, building a link relationship between network devices, including obtaining the MAC address and port information of the neighbor device of the network device, and recording the physical connection between the devices according to the information, generating a link record between the network devices, and at the same time, checking whether the uplink port of the OLT device is connected to the network device, and associating the ports of the network device and the OLT device according to the LLDP information, generating a link record between the network device and the OLT device; S302: Build a link between the OLT and the ONU through an automatic link building algorithm.

6. The method for researching and managing PON equipment based on MAC address according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S302, the specific steps include: S302-1. For devices classified as OLT, confirm that the device type is "OLT", extract its PON port related information through the SNMP protocol, including the port name, the MAC address of the PON port, and the number of ONU devices attached to each port and their MAC address list, match the format of the PON port name, filter out ports that meet the rules, and require that the port name contain the onu-id identifier; S302-2. For the filtered PON ports, locate the ONU device connected to the PON port through the port MAC address and name, and use the discovered ONU device MAC address to confirm its corresponding PON port connection relationship, and then build a link record, including the link starting end as the OLT device PON port and its MAC address, the link target end as the MAC address of the ONU device, the link type marked as PON link and interface index information including the starting end interface index and the target end interface index.

7. The method for researching and managing PON equipment based on MAC address according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S400, the specific steps include: S401. Generate a network topology graph. The construction of the network topology depends on the connection relationship between devices. In a PON network, each device in the PON network represents a node of the graph, and the connectivity relationship between devices corresponds to the edge of the graph. Through the interaction with the device through the SSH protocol, the topology structure of the PON network is derived and gradually constructed according to the known device information and connection relationship. The network topology modeling formula is defined as follows: G = (V, E); wherein G represents the topology graph of the PON network, V is a node set representing the device, and E is an edge set representing the connection relationship between the devices; S402. Display the generated network topology through a graphical interface, with the OLT device as the main node and the ONU devices mounted thereon arranged in a distributed manner. Each device node contains name and type identification information, and the logical relationship between the devices is presented through straight line connections, reflecting the topological structure of the network. The method for researching and managing PON equipment based on MAC addresses according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S500, the specific steps include: S501, using the SNMP protocol, obtain link status data from the OLT and ONU devices, including the operating status of the port and the bandwidth utilization of the link, classify and analyze the collected data, and determine whether the link status is abnormal. When the link is interrupted, it is marked as an interrupted state. When the link bandwidth utilization exceeds the set threshold, it is marked as a congested state. For a link that is operating normally and the bandwidth utilization does not exceed the threshold, it is marked as a normal state; S502. Present link status information through color identification. In the network topology diagram, adjust the color display of the link according to the link status classification. A red link indicates an interruption state and triggers a level 1 alarm, prompting the operation and maintenance personnel to check the relevant equipment or port failure. A blue link indicates that the link is in a congested state and generates a level 2 alarm to remind the existence of high load or potential bottlenecks and the need for traffic optimization. A green link represents normal operation and does not require special attention. The link status is displayed in the network topology diagram in the form of color.

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