Method for receiving and calibrating phased-array antenna with built-in local oscillator and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of phased-array antennas, in particular to a receiving calibration method for a phased-array antenna with a built-in local oscillator and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: building and configuring a test system, enabling a transmitting antenna to be located on the central axis of the phased-array antenna, and enabling the transmitting antenna to be connected with a signal source; the phased-array antenna is divided into a plurality of centrosymmetric annular areas according to the central axis of the phased-array antenna, each annular area is provided with one or more centrosymmetric subunits, and each subunit comprises a plurality of antenna channels with the same number. A phased-array antenna is used for receiving a signal, a transmitting antenna is used for transmitting the signal, and amplitude and phase calibration is carried out on antenna channels in sub-units of an annular region, the sub-units of the annular region and different annular regions respectively, so that receiving calibration of the whole phased-array antenna is realized. The problems that in a traditional vector network analyzer testing system, signal synchronization is difficult, and receiving calibration of a highly-integrated AIP antenna is difficult to complete are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of phased array antennas, and in particular to a phased array antenna receiving calibration method and electronic equipment with a built-in local oscillator. Background Art

[0002] Phased array antennas form controllable beams by adjusting the phase and amplitude of each array element. Compared with mechanical scanning, phased array antennas not only improve scanning speed and flexibility, but also can generate multiple beams. Therefore, they are widely used in many fields such as radar, satellite communications and wireless communications. However, with the improvement of the integration of large-scale phased array antennas, the problem of phase and amplitude errors has gradually become prominent, which will lead to distortion of the radiation pattern and degradation of system performance. Therefore, accurate phase and amplitude calibration is particularly important.

[0003] With the growing demand for high integration and miniaturization, the application of AIP (Antenna in Package) technology is becoming more and more widespread. Due to space limitations, AIP usually does not reserve ports for phased array amplitude and phase testing. In order to further improve integration and reduce costs, many solutions have adopted built-in local oscillator technology. However, there is a frequency deviation and random jitter between the built-in local oscillator and the instrument signal. The use of higher-specification devices and more optimized circuit design can reduce this frequency deviation.

[0004] Vector network analyzer is a common device for measuring antenna parameters. Its testing principle is to obtain various parameters of the antenna by measuring the S parameters of the link and performing data processing. In VNA measurement, in order to ensure the dynamic range of the test, the test bandwidth needs to be set in a smaller range, such as 1KHz. At this time, the difference between the output frequency of the VNA (such as port 1 output) and the receiving frequency (such as port 2 input) needs to be kept within the test bandwidth of 1KHz, and signals outside this range will be filtered out. When testing phased array antennas without built-in local oscillators, since the output and input frequencies are both generated by the VNA, there is no frequency difference, and the test can be carried out smoothly.

[0005] However, when testing a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator, the output frequency of the built-in phased array antenna needs to be configured to the vector network output frequency, and the vector network then receives at the receiving frequency. But when the phased array to be tested uses a built-in local oscillator, since the crystal oscillator is not shared with the vector network, there is a significant frequency deviation between the output frequency of the phased array antenna and the output frequency of the vector network, even if the target frequency values ​​configured for the two are the same. This deviation usually exceeds the test bandwidth range.

[0006] In addition, the local oscillator crystal built into the phased array antenna is usually not a high-specification crystal similar to that used in the measuring instrument in order to maintain cost-effectiveness. This leads to significant frequency jitter over time, which in turn increases the instability of the frequency deviation, causing the deviation to further expand. In this case, the receiving function of the vector network analyzer will not be realized, making the entire test process impossible. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a receiving calibration method for phased array antennas with built-in local oscillators. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention discloses a phased array antenna receiving calibration method with a built-in local oscillator and an electronic device, which are used to solve the above problems.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: An embodiment of the present invention provides a phased array antenna receiving calibration method with a built-in local oscillator, comprising the following steps: Building and configuring a test system, the test system comprising a transmitting antenna and a signal source; the transmitting antenna is located on the central axis of the phased array antenna, and the transmitting antenna is connected to the signal source; The phased array antenna is divided according to its layout, and is divided into a plurality of centrosymmetric annular regions according to the central axis of the phased array antenna, and each annular region has one or more centrosymmetric subunits, and each subunit includes a plurality of antenna channels of the same number; The phased array antenna is used to receive signals and the transmitting antenna is used to transmit signals. Amplitude and phase calibration is performed between antenna channels within the subunits of the annular area, between subunits of the annular area, and between different annular areas to achieve receiving calibration of the entire phased array antenna.

[0009] Optionally, the test system also includes a control computer, one end of which is connected to the phased array antenna and is used to configure and control different antenna channels of the phased array antenna to receive signals, and the other end of the control computer is connected to a signal source, and the control computer is used to adjust the frequency and power settings of the signal source.

[0010] Optionally, the annular area has multiple centrally symmetrical sub-units, which specifically include corner units, x-axis mirror units and y-axis mirror units. The corner units are multiple antenna channels located at the four corners of the annular area, the x-axis mirror units are multiple antenna channels located in the x-axis direction of the annular area and are centrally symmetrical, and the y-axis mirror units are multiple antenna channels located in the y-axis direction of the annular area and are centrally symmetrical.

[0011] Optionally, in the method, a first calibration is performed within the corner unit, the x-axis mirror unit, and the y-axis mirror unit, respectively, to obtain a first amplitude control value and a first phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel; a second calibration is performed between sub-units in the same annular area to obtain a second amplitude control value and a second phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel; a third calibration is performed between different annular areas to obtain a third amplitude control value and a third phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel; the first amplitude control value, the second amplitude control value, and the third amplitude control value are added to obtain a final amplitude control value, and the first phase control value, the second phase control value, and the third phase control value are added to obtain a final phase control value, thereby achieving reception calibration of the entire phased array antenna.

[0012] Optionally, in the method, when performing the first calibration in the second annular area corner unit, the following steps are included: The first corner antenna channel, the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel, and the fourth corner antenna channel of the corner unit of the second annular area are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first corner antenna channel, the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel, and the fourth corner antenna channel of the phased array antenna receive and obtain corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Based on the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, obtain a first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel, adjust the phase of the test signal received by the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel until the phase of the test signal of the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel is the same as the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, and record the corresponding first phase control value; Based on the amplitude of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, obtain the first amplitude control value corresponding to the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel, adjust the amplitude of the test signals received by the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel until the amplitude of the test signals of the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel is the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, record the corresponding first amplitude control value, and complete the first calibration within the corner unit of the second annular area.

[0013] Optionally, in the method, when performing the first calibration in the x-axis mirror unit of the second annular region, the following steps are included: The first x-axis antenna channel, the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel of the second annular area corner unit are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first x-axis antenna channel, the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel of the phased array antenna receive and acquire corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Based on the phase of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, obtaining a first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel, adjusting the phase of the test signal received by the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel until the phase of the test signal of the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel is the same as the phase of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, and recording the corresponding first phase control value; Based on the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, obtain the first amplitude control values ​​corresponding to the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel and the fourth x-axis antenna channel, adjust the amplitudes of the test signals received by the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel and the fourth x-axis antenna channel until the amplitudes of the test signals of the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel and the fourth x-axis antenna channel are the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, record the corresponding first amplitude control values, and complete the first calibration within the x-axis mirror unit of the second annular area.

[0014] Optionally, in the method, when performing the first calibration in the y-axis mirror unit of the second annular region, the following steps are included: The first y-axis antenna channel, the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel of the second annular area corner unit are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first y-axis antenna channel, the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel of the phased array antenna receive and acquire corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Based on the phase of the test signal corresponding to the first y-axis antenna channel, obtaining a first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel, adjusting the phase of the test signal received by the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel until the phase of the test signal of the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel is the same as the phase of the test signal of the first y-axis antenna channel, and recording the corresponding first phase control value; Based on the amplitude of the test signal of the first y-axis antenna channel, obtain the first amplitude control values ​​corresponding to the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel and the fourth y-axis antenna channel, adjust the amplitudes of the test signals received by the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel and the fourth y-axis antenna channel until the amplitudes of the test signals of the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel and the fourth y-axis antenna channel are the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, record the corresponding first amplitude control values, and complete the first calibration in the y-axis mirror unit of the second annular area.

[0015] Optionally, in the method, when performing the first calibration in the first annular area corner unit, the following steps are included: The first corner antenna channel, the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel, and the fourth corner antenna channel of the corner unit of the first annular area are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first corner antenna channel, the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel, and the fourth corner antenna channel of the phased array antenna receive and obtain corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Based on the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, obtain a first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel, adjust the phase of the test signal received by the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel until the phase of the test signal of the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel is the same as the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, and record the corresponding first phase control value; Based on the amplitude of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, obtain the first amplitude control value corresponding to the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel, adjust the amplitude of the test signals received by the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel until the amplitude of the test signals of the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel is the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, record the corresponding first amplitude control value, and complete the first calibration within the corner unit of the first annular area.

[0016] Optionally, in the method, when performing the second calibration between subunits in the same annular area, the following steps are included: All antenna channels corresponding to the two subunits in the same annular area after calibration are turned on, and other antenna channels are turned off, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the antenna channels turned on by the phased array antenna receive and obtain the test signals corresponding to the two subunits; Collecting the calibrated test signals of all antenna channels in one of the subunits and performing signal superposition synthesis to form a first synthetic signal; Collect the test signals of all antenna channels in another subunit after calibration and perform signal superposition synthesis; synchronously control the amplitude attenuation of all antenna channels corresponding to another subunit until the amplitude of the superimposed and synthesized signal of all antenna channels corresponding to the other subunit is equal to α1*P1, and the factor , D is the phase center distance from the transmitting antenna to the phase array antenna, d2 is the phase center distance from another subunit phase center to the phase array antenna; d1 is the phase center distance from one of the subunit phase centers to the phase array antenna, P1 is the amplitude of the first synthetic signal, obtain and record the corresponding second amplitude control value; Keep the amplitude and phase of all antenna channels of one of the subunits unchanged, synchronously change the phase of all antenna channels of another subunit until it is the same as the phase of the first synthetic signal of one of the subunits, obtain and record the corresponding second phase control value, and complete the second calibration between the subunits in the same annular area.

[0017] Optionally, in the method, when performing the third calibration between different annular areas, the following steps are included: All antenna channels of a subunit of the first annular area and all antenna channels of a subunit of the second annular area after calibration are turned on, and other antenna channels are turned off, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the phased array antenna receives and acquires the test signals of all antenna channels corresponding to a subunit of the first annular area and the test signals of all antenna channels corresponding to a subunit of the second annular area, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Collecting the test signals of all antenna channels in a subunit of the calibrated second annular area and superimposing the signals to form a first synthetic signal; Collecting the test signals of all antenna channels in a subunit of the calibrated first annular area and performing signal superposition synthesis; Synchronously control the amplitude attenuation of all antenna channels corresponding to a subunit of the first annular area until the amplitude of the superimposed composite signal of all antenna channels corresponding to the subunit is equal to α3*P1, and the factor , D is the phase center distance from the transmitting antenna to the phase array antenna, d4 is the phase center distance from a subunit of the first annular area to the phase center of the phase array antenna; d1 is the phase center distance from a subunit of the second annular area to the phase center of the phase array antenna, P1 is the amplitude of the first synthetic signal, obtain and record the corresponding third amplitude control value; Keeping the amplitude and phase of all antenna channels of a subunit of the second annular area unchanged, synchronously transforming the phase of the superimposed synthesized signal of all antenna channels of a subunit of the first annular area until the phase is the same as the first synthesized signal of a subunit of the second annular area, obtaining and recording the corresponding third phase control value, and completing the third calibration between different annular areas; All antenna channels corresponding to a subunit of the first annular area and all antenna channels corresponding to a subunit of other annular areas are opened in sequence and simultaneously, and the above steps are repeated to complete the third calibration of all annular areas.

[0018] Optionally, the phase centers of the centrosymmetric subunits coincide with the physical center of the phased array antenna.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes: adopting a multi-frequency point calibration method to perform multiple calibrations at different frequency points.

[0020] Optionally, adjust the signal source frequency to the test frequency; and adjust the signal source power to the transmission power based on the dynamic range and sensitivity of the phased array antenna.

[0021] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein the memory is coupled to the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned phased array antenna reception calibration method is implemented.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention divides the phased array antenna according to its layout to form a plurality of different sub-units, and the transmitting antenna is located on the central axis of the phased array antenna. The amplitude and phase calibration are respectively performed within the sub-units of the annular area, between the sub-units of the annular area, and between different annular areas, thereby realizing the receiving calibration of the entire phased array antenna. When executing the calibration procedure, the transmitting antenna does not need to perform any movement operation. Since the logical basis of the calibration process is to ensure that the path phase difference of the antenna units at geometrically symmetrical positions is zero when transmitting signals. This means that when the signals arrive at different antenna channels of the phased array antenna from the transmitting antenna, their arrival time is consistent, thereby ensuring the consistency of the phase. In addition, the phase center of each geometrically symmetrical sub-unit should coincide with the physical center of the entire phased array antenna. Such a design can ensure that the propagation path and phase difference of the signal in each sub-unit are accurately controlled and coordinated, so that the performance of the entire antenna system is optimized. This design significantly improves the efficiency of the calibration operation, making the entire process more efficient and convenient, especially for phased array systems with integrated local oscillators.

[0023] The present invention effectively solves a core problem in the traditional vector network analyzer (VNA) test system, namely, the signal synchronization problem. Thanks to the above-mentioned phased array antenna calibration method, the first calibration is performed in the corner unit, the x-axis mirror unit, and the y-axis mirror unit, respectively, to obtain the first amplitude control value and the first phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel; the second calibration is performed between the sub-units in the same annular area, to obtain the second amplitude control value and the second phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel; the third calibration is performed between different annular areas, to obtain the third amplitude control value and the third phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel, thereby realizing the entire phased array antenna receiving calibration. The calibration technology of the present invention is not only applicable to the phased array system with integrated local oscillator, but also can be widely used in the calibration operations of various highly integrated active phased array radars (AIP phased arrays). Therefore, the present invention has broad application prospects and practical application value in the field of radar system calibration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the test system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention divided according to its layout; Figure 3 It is the superposition of signals of the same frequency in the embodiment of the present invention, and the amplitude of the synthesized signal presents a periodic change amplitude diagram along with the phase difference; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of calibrating the antenna channels corresponding to the corner units in the second annular area of ​​an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5a It is a schematic diagram of the phase and amplitude of the antenna channel corresponding to the calibration corner unit in the second annular area of ​​an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5b It is a schematic diagram of the transformation of the phase and amplitude of the antenna channel corresponding to the calibration corner unit in the second annular area of ​​an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6a is a schematic diagram of calibrating the phase and amplitude of the corner unit in the second annular area in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6b It is a schematic diagram of calibrating the phase and amplitude of the x-axis mirror unit in the second annular region in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6cIt is a schematic diagram of the transformation of the phase and amplitude of the antenna channel corresponding to the calibration x-axis mirror unit in the second annular area of ​​an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of calibrating the antenna channel corresponding to the x-axis mirror unit in the second annular area of ​​an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of calibrating the antenna channel corresponding to the y-axis mirror unit in the second annular area of ​​an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of calibrating the antenna channels corresponding to the corner units in the first annular area of ​​an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] After the phased array antenna has completed the amplitude and phase calibration, it is usually referred to as the "calibrated state". In this state, the performance parameters of the antenna, such as amplitude and phase response, have been precisely adjusted to ensure that the antenna array can work together as expected to form the desired beam shape and direction. The calibration process is critical to improving the performance of the antenna system. It can compensate for performance changes caused by manufacturing tolerances, component aging, temperature changes and other factors. After calibration, the antenna array can more accurately control the direction of the beam, improve the transmission efficiency and receiving sensitivity of the signal, and also reduce side lobes and back lobes, thereby improving the system's anti-interference ability.

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 1 As shown, the test system includes a transmitting antenna 20, a signal source 30 for providing a signal, and a control computer 40. In the receiving calibration method, the transmitting antenna 20 is connected to the signal source 30, one end of the control computer 40 is connected to the signal source 30 for configuring and controlling different transmitting signals, and the other end of the control computer 40 is connected to the phased array antenna 10, and the control computer 40 is used to obtain the amplitude control value and the phase control value corresponding to the phased array antenna 10.

[0029] The embodiment of the present invention first provides a method for calibrating a phased array antenna receiving signal with a built-in local oscillator, comprising the following steps: Building and configuring a test system, the test system comprising a transmitting antenna and a signal source; the transmitting antenna is located on the central axis of the phased array antenna, and the transmitting antenna is connected to the signal source; The phased array antenna is divided according to its layout, and is divided into a plurality of centrosymmetric annular regions according to the central axis of the phased array antenna, and each annular region has one or more centrosymmetric subunits, and each subunit includes a plurality of antenna channels of the same number; The phased array antenna is used to receive signals and the transmitting antenna to transmit test frequency signals. Amplitude and phase calibration is performed between antenna channels within the sub-units of the annular area, between sub-units of the annular area, and between different annular areas to achieve receiving calibration of the entire phased array antenna.

[0030] Specifically, a test system is built and configured, where the transmitting antenna 20 is located on the central axis of the phased array antenna 10, the transmitting antenna 20 is connected to the signal source 30, the transmitting antenna 20 is used to transmit signals, and the phased array antenna 10 receives signals, and amplitude and phase calibration are performed between antenna channels within the subunits of the annular area, between the subunits of the annular area, and between different annular areas, so as to achieve receiving calibration of the entire phased array antenna.

[0031] The phased array antenna is divided according to its layout, and is divided into a plurality of centrosymmetric annular regions according to the central axis of the phased array antenna, and each annular region has one or more centrosymmetric subunits, and each subunit includes a plurality of antenna channels of the same number; The phased array antenna is used to receive signals, and amplitude and phase calibration is performed within the sub-units of the annular area, between the sub-units of the annular area, and between different annular areas, so as to realize the receiving calibration of the entire phased array antenna.

[0032] In this embodiment, during the process of constructing and configuring the test system, the transmitting antenna 20 needs to be accurately placed at the central axis position of the phased array antenna 10. In addition, the transmitting antenna 20 needs to be placed at the far-field working distance of the phased array antenna 10, because the far-field working distance can provide a uniform plane wave, thereby ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the test data.

[0033] When the signal source 30 is connected to the control computer 40 and appropriate transmission parameters such as frequency, power and modulation mode are set, the transmitting antenna is started so that the transmitting antenna begins to transmit the test frequency signal. At this time, the antenna channel corresponding to the phased array antenna 10 will receive the signal from the transmitting antenna and perform real-time analysis on it.

[0034] In this embodiment, the signal source frequency range is set according to the dynamic range and sensitivity of the phased array antenna, and is recorded in the control computer 40 .

[0035] In this embodiment, in order to further improve the accuracy and efficiency of calibration, we use an automated calibration process. The control computer automatically controls the entire calibration process through a dedicated software program. The program can automatically adjust the settings of the signal source according to the preset test parameters and monitor the test data in real time.

[0036] First, the control computer 40 sets the frequency range of the signal source 30 to the required test frequency range; based on the dynamic range and sensitivity of the phased array antenna 10, the power range of the signal source 30 is set within the dynamic range, so that the receiving path will not be saturated and have a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio, avoiding overload or insufficient signal-to-noise ratio.

[0037] Then, the transmitting antenna 20 starts to transmit the test frequency signal, and the antenna channel corresponding to the phased array antenna 10 receives and analyzes the test signal in real time, and transmits the analysis result to the control computer 40, and the control computer 40 controls the phased array antenna 10 to complete the calibration.

[0038] In this embodiment, the annular area has multiple centrally symmetrical sub-units, which specifically include corner units, x-axis mirror units and y-axis mirror units. The corner units are multiple antenna channels located at the four corners of the annular area, the x-axis mirror units are multiple antenna channels located in the x-axis direction of the annular area and are centrally symmetrical, and the y-axis mirror units are multiple antenna channels located in the y-axis direction of the annular area and are centrally symmetrical.

[0039] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the phased array antenna used in this embodiment is a 4*4 array, including 16 antenna channels. In other embodiments, the phased array antenna may also be of other specifications, such as a 6*6 array or an 8*8 array.

[0040] In this embodiment, the phased array antenna is divided into two annular areas, a first annular area Ring1 located in the middle and a second annular area Ring2 located on the periphery, wherein the second annular area includes three centrally symmetrical sub-units - a corner unit, an x-axis mirror unit and a y-axis mirror unit, the second annular area corner unit includes four corner antenna channels located at the corner position of the second annular area, the second annular area x-axis mirror unit includes four x-axis antenna channels located in the x-axis direction of the second annular area, the second annular area y-axis mirror unit includes four y-axis antenna channels located in the y-axis direction of the second annular area, the first annular area includes a first annular area corner unit, and the first annular area corner unit has four corner antenna channels located at the corner position of the first annular area.

[0041] In other embodiments, when the phased array antenna is of other specifications, such as 6*6 or 8*8, the phased array antenna is divided into 3, 4 or even more annular areas, and each outer annular area includes multiple sub-units, specifically a corner unit, one or more x-axis mirror units and a y-axis mirror unit, wherein the number of antenna channels of different sub-units is the same, for example, all are 4, and the phase center of each centrally symmetrical sub-unit coincides with the physical center of the phased array antenna.

[0042] In this embodiment, calibration is performed within the corner unit corresponding to different annular regions of the phased array antenna, calibration is performed within the x-axis mirror unit, calibration is performed within the y-axis mirror unit, calibration is performed between sub-units in the same annular region, and calibration is performed between different annular regions.

[0043] Specifically, a first calibration is performed within the corner unit, the x-axis mirror unit, and the y-axis mirror unit, respectively, to obtain a first amplitude control value and a first phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel; a second calibration is performed between sub-units in the same annular area, to obtain a second amplitude control value and a second phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel; a third calibration is performed between different annular areas, to obtain a third amplitude control value and a third phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel; the first amplitude control value, the second amplitude control value, and the third amplitude control value are added to obtain a final amplitude control value, and the first phase control value, the second phase control value, and the third phase control value are added to obtain a final phase control value, thereby realizing the reception calibration of the entire phased array antenna.

[0044] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 As shown, when performing the first calibration in the second annular area corner unit, the following steps are included: The first corner antenna channel 1, the second corner antenna channel 4, the third corner antenna channel 16, and the fourth corner antenna channel 13 of the corner unit of the second annular area are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first corner antenna channel 1, the second corner antenna channel 4, the third corner antenna channel 16, and the fourth corner antenna channel 13 of the phased array antenna receive and obtain corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Reference Figure 5a~Figure 5b As shown, based on the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel 1, the first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second corner antenna channel 4, the third corner antenna channel 16 and the fourth corner antenna channel 13 is obtained, and the phase of the test signal received by the second corner antenna channel 4, the third corner antenna channel 16 and the fourth corner antenna channel 13 is adjusted until the phase of the test signal of the second corner antenna channel 4, the third corner antenna channel 16 and the fourth corner antenna channel 13 is the same as the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel 1, and the corresponding first phase control value is recorded, wherein, Figure 5a~Figure 5bIn is the phase difference between the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel 1 and the phase of the test signal of the second corner antenna channel 4, the third corner antenna channel 16 or the fourth corner antenna channel 13; Reference Figure 6a~Figure 6c As shown, based on the amplitude of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel 1, the first amplitude control values ​​corresponding to the second corner antenna channel 4, the third corner antenna channel 16 and the fourth corner antenna channel 13 are obtained, and the amplitudes of the test signals received by the second corner antenna channel 4, the third corner antenna channel 16 and the fourth corner antenna channel 13 are adjusted until the amplitudes of the test signals of the second corner antenna channel 4, the third corner antenna channel 16 and the fourth corner antenna channel 13 are the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel 1, and the corresponding first amplitude control values ​​are recorded to complete the first calibration within the second annular area corner unit.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first corner antenna channel 1 is used as a reference antenna channel to calibrate the second corner antenna channel 4 , the third corner antenna channel 16 , and the fourth corner antenna channel 13 , respectively.

[0046] In other embodiments, the second corner antenna channel 4, the third corner antenna channel 16 or the fourth corner antenna channel 13 may also be used as a reference antenna channel to calibrate the other three corner antenna channels, and in other embodiments, the first corner antenna channel, the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel, and the fourth corner antenna channel may also be interchangeable.

[0047] Specifically, refer to Figure 7 As shown, when performing the first calibration in the x-axis mirror unit of the second annular region, the following steps are included: The first x-axis antenna channel 2, the second x-axis antenna channel 3, the third x-axis antenna channel 15, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel 14 of the second annular area corner unit are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first x-axis antenna channel 2, the second x-axis antenna channel 3, the third x-axis antenna channel 15, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel 14 of the phased array antenna receive and obtain corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Based on the phase of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel 2, obtain the first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second x-axis antenna channel 3, the third x-axis antenna channel 15 and the fourth x-axis antenna channel 14, adjust the phase of the test signal received by the second x-axis antenna channel 3, the third x-axis antenna channel 15 and the fourth x-axis antenna channel 14 until the phase of the test signal of the second x-axis antenna channel 3, the third x-axis antenna channel 15 and the fourth x-axis antenna channel 14 is the same as the phase of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel 2, and record the corresponding first phase control value; Based on the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel 2, obtain the first amplitude control values ​​corresponding to the second x-axis antenna channel 3, the third x-axis antenna channel 15 and the fourth x-axis antenna channel 14, adjust the amplitudes of the test signals received by the second x-axis antenna channel 3, the third x-axis antenna channel 15 and the fourth x-axis antenna channel 14 until the amplitudes of the test signals of the second x-axis antenna channel 3, the third x-axis antenna channel 15 and the fourth x-axis antenna channel 14 are the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel 2, record the corresponding first amplitude control values, and complete the first calibration within the x-axis mirror unit of the second annular area.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first x-axis antenna channel 2 is used as a reference antenna channel to calibrate the second x-axis antenna channel 3 , the third x-axis antenna channel 15 , and the fourth x-axis antenna channel 14 , respectively.

[0049] In other embodiments, the second x-axis antenna channel 3, the third x-axis antenna channel 15, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel 14 may also be used as reference antenna channels to calibrate the other three x-axis antenna channels, and in other embodiments, the first x-axis antenna channel, the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel may also be interchangeable.

[0050] Specifically, refer to Figure 8 As shown, when performing the first calibration in the y-axis mirror unit of the second annular region, the following steps are included: The first y-axis antenna channel 5, the second y-axis antenna channel 8, the third y-axis antenna channel 12, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel 9 of the second annular area corner unit are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first y-axis antenna channel 5, the second y-axis antenna channel 8, the third y-axis antenna channel 12, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel 9 of the phased array antenna receive and obtain corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Based on the phase of the test signal corresponding to the first y-axis antenna channel 5, obtain the first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second y-axis antenna channel 8, the third y-axis antenna channel 12 and the fourth y-axis antenna channel 9, adjust the phase of the test signal received by the y-axis antenna channel 8, the third y-axis antenna channel 12 and the fourth y-axis antenna channel 9 until the phase of the test signal of the y-axis antenna channel 8, the third y-axis antenna channel 12 and the fourth y-axis antenna channel 9 is the same as the phase of the test signal corresponding to the first y-axis antenna channel 5, and record the corresponding first phase control value; Based on the amplitude of the test signal corresponding to the first y-axis antenna channel 5, the first amplitude control value corresponding to the second y-axis antenna channel 8, the third y-axis antenna channel 12 and the fourth y-axis antenna channel 9 is obtained, and the amplitude of the test signal received by the second y-axis antenna channel 8, the third y-axis antenna channel 12 and the fourth y-axis antenna channel 9 is adjusted until the amplitude of the test signal of the second y-axis antenna channel 8, the third y-axis antenna channel 12 and the fourth y-axis antenna channel 9 is the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel 2, and the corresponding first amplitude control value is recorded to complete the first calibration in the y-axis mirror unit of the second annular area.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first y-axis antenna channel 5 is used as a reference antenna channel to calibrate the second y-axis antenna channel 8 , the third y-axis antenna channel 12 , and the fourth y-axis antenna channel 9 , respectively.

[0052] In other embodiments, the second y-axis antenna channel 8, the third y-axis antenna channel 12, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel 9 may also be used as reference antenna channels to calibrate the other three y-axis antenna channels, and in other embodiments, the first y-axis antenna channel, the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel may also be interchangeable.

[0053] Specifically, refer to Fig. 9 As shown, when performing the first calibration in the first annular area corner unit, the following steps are included: The first corner antenna channel 6, the second corner antenna channel 7, the third corner antenna channel 11, and the fourth corner antenna channel 10 of the first annular area corner unit are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first corner antenna channel 6, the second corner antenna channel 7, the third corner antenna channel 11, and the fourth corner antenna channel 10 of the phased array antenna receive and obtain corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Based on the phase of the test signal corresponding to the first corner antenna channel 6, obtain the first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second corner antenna channel 7, the third corner antenna channel 11 and the fourth corner antenna channel 10, adjust the phase of the test signal received by the second corner antenna channel 7, the third corner antenna channel 11 and the fourth corner antenna channel 10 until the phase of the test signal of the second corner antenna channel 7, the third corner antenna channel 11 and the fourth corner antenna channel 10 is the same as the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel 6, and record the corresponding first phase control value; Based on the amplitude of the test signal corresponding to the first corner antenna channel 6, the first amplitude control value corresponding to the second corner antenna channel 7, the third corner antenna channel 11 and the fourth corner antenna channel 10 is obtained, and the amplitude of the test signals received by the second corner antenna channel 7, the third corner antenna channel 11 and the fourth corner antenna channel 10 is adjusted until the amplitude of the test signals of the second corner antenna channel 7, the third corner antenna channel 11 and the fourth corner antenna channel 10 is the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel 2, and the corresponding first amplitude control value is recorded to complete the first calibration within the corner unit of the first annular area.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first corner antenna channel 6 in the first annular area is used as a reference antenna channel to calibrate the second corner antenna channel 7 , the third corner antenna channel 11 , and the fourth corner antenna channel 10 , respectively.

[0055] In other embodiments, antenna channel 7, antenna channel 11 or antenna channel 10 may also be used as a reference antenna channel to calibrate the other three corner antenna channels, and in other embodiments, the first corner antenna channel, the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel, and the fourth corner antenna channel may also be interchangeable.

[0056] Furthermore, in the method, when performing the second calibration between the corner unit subunits and the x-axis mirror unit subunits in the second annular area, the following steps are included: Open all antenna channels corresponding to the calibrated second annular area corner unit and all antenna channels corresponding to the calibrated second annular area x-axis mirror unit, and close other antenna channels, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, the opened antenna channel of the phased array antenna receives and obtains the test signal corresponding to all antenna channels in the second annular area corner unit and the test signal corresponding to all antenna channels in the second annular area x-axis mirror unit, the test signal including phase information and amplitude information; Collecting the calibrated test signals of all antenna channels in the corner unit of the second annular area and superimposing the signals to form a first synthetic signal; Collect the test signals of all antenna channels in the x-axis mirror unit of the calibrated second annular area and perform signal superposition synthesis; Synchronously control the amplitude attenuation of all antenna channels corresponding to the x-axis mirror unit in the second annular area until the amplitude of the superimposed composite signal of all antenna channels corresponding to the x-axis mirror unit in the second annular area is equal to α1*P1, and the factor , D is the phase center distance from the transmitting antenna to the phase array antenna, d2 is the phase center distance from the x-axis mirror unit to the phase center distance from the phase array antenna; d1 is the phase center distance from the corner unit to the phase center distance from the phase array antenna, obtain and record the corresponding second amplitude control value; Keep the amplitude and phase of all antenna channels of the second annular area corner unit unchanged, synchronously transform the phase of all antenna channels of the second annular area x-axis mirror unit until it is the same as the phase of the first synthetic signal of the second annular area corner unit, obtain and record the corresponding second phase control value, and complete the calibration of the corner unit sub-unit and the x-axis mirror unit sub-unit of the second annular area.

[0057] In this embodiment, the second annular area corner unit is used as a reference unit to calibrate the second annular area x-axis mirror unit. In other embodiments, any sub-unit of the same annular area can be selected as a reference unit to calibrate other sub-units.

[0058] Furthermore, in the method, when performing the second calibration between the corner unit and the y-axis mirror unit subunit of the second annular area, the following steps are included: Open all antenna channels corresponding to the calibrated second annular area corner unit and all antenna channels corresponding to the calibrated second annular area y-axis mirror unit, and close other antenna channels, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, the opened antenna channel of the phased array antenna receives and obtains the test signal corresponding to all antenna channels in the second annular area corner unit and the test signal corresponding to all antenna channels in the second annular area y-axis mirror unit, the test signal including phase information and amplitude information; Collecting the calibrated test signals of all antenna channels in the corner unit of the second annular area and superimposing the signals to form a first synthetic signal; Collect the test signals of all antenna channels in the y-axis mirror unit of the calibrated second annular area and perform signal superposition synthesis; Synchronously control the amplitude attenuation of all antenna channels corresponding to the y-axis mirror unit in the second annular area until the amplitude of the superimposed composite signal of all antenna channels corresponding to the y-axis mirror unit in the second annular area is equal to α2*P1, and the factor , D is the phase center distance from the transmitting antenna to the phase array antenna, d3 is the phase center distance from the y-axis mirror unit to the phase center distance from the phase array antenna; d1 is the phase center distance from the corner unit to the phase center distance from the phase array antenna, P1 is the amplitude of the first synthetic signal, obtain and record the corresponding second amplitude control value; Keep the amplitude and phase of all antenna channels of the corner unit of the second annular area unchanged, synchronously transform the phase of all antenna channels of the y-axis mirror unit of the second annular area until it is the same as the phase of the first synthetic signal of the corner unit of the second annular area, obtain and record the corresponding second phase control value, and complete the second calibration between the corner unit and the y-axis mirror unit sub-unit of the second annular area.

[0059] In this embodiment, the second annular area corner unit is used as a reference unit to calibrate the y-axis mirror unit of the second annular area. In other embodiments, any sub-unit of the same annular area can be selected as a reference unit to calibrate other sub-units.

[0060] Furthermore, in the method, when performing the third calibration between different annular areas, the following steps are included: Open all antenna channels of the calibrated first annular area corner unit and all antenna channels of the calibrated second annular area corner unit, and close other antenna channels, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the opened antenna channels of the phased array antenna receive and obtain the test signals of all antenna channels corresponding to the first annular area corner unit and the test signals of all antenna channels corresponding to the second annular area corner unit, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Collecting the calibrated test signals of all antenna channels in the corner unit of the second annular area and superimposing the signals to form a first synthetic signal; Collect the test signals of all antenna channels in the corner unit of the first annular area after calibration and perform signal superposition synthesis; Synchronously control the amplitude attenuation of all antenna channels corresponding to the first annular area corner unit until the amplitude of the superimposed synthetic signal of all antenna channels corresponding to the first annular area corner unit is equal to α3*P1, and the factor , D is the phase center distance from the transmitting antenna to the phase array antenna, d4 is the phase center distance from the corner unit phase center of the first annular area to the phase center of the phase array antenna; d1 is the phase center distance from the corner unit phase center to the phase array antenna, P1 is the amplitude of the first synthetic signal, obtain and record the corresponding third amplitude control value; Keep the amplitude and phase of all antenna channels of the second annular area corner unit unchanged, synchronously change the phase of all antenna channels of the first annular area corner unit until it is the same as the phase of the first synthetic signal of the second annular area corner unit, obtain and record the corresponding third phase control value, and complete the third calibration between different annular areas.

[0061] In this embodiment, the corner units of the second annular area are used as reference units to calibrate the corner units of the first annular area, so that the first annular area is calibrated using the second annular area. In other embodiments, any one of the different annular areas can be selected as a reference unit to calibrate the other annular areas.

[0062] In this embodiment, the logical basis of the calibration process is to ensure that the path phase difference of the antenna units at geometrically symmetrical positions is zero when receiving signals. This means that when the signal arrives from the transmitting antenna to the different antenna channel units of the phased array antenna, their arrival time is consistent, thereby ensuring phase consistency. In addition, the phase center of each geometrically symmetrical sub-unit should coincide with the physical center of the entire phased array antenna. Such a design can ensure that the propagation path and phase difference of the signal in each sub-unit are accurately controlled and coordinated, so that the performance of the entire antenna system is optimized.

[0063] In this embodiment, during the calibration process, the amplitude value of the reference unit is set to the median value, and the other units are calibrated.

[0064] Further, if Figure 3 As shown in the figure, when multiple signals of the same frequency are superimposed in the antenna system, the amplitude of the composite signal will show periodic changes as the phase difference changes. This periodic change is due to the interference effect caused by the phase difference between different signals. By accurately controlling and adjusting the phase difference of each antenna unit, the amplitude of the composite signal can be accurately controlled, thereby improving the reception quality and transmission efficiency of the signal. This calibration method is not only suitable for signal processing in static environments, but also for dynamically changing communication scenarios, ensuring the stability and reliability of the antenna system under various conditions.

[0065] In the process of implementing the above calibration method, it is also necessary to consider the impact of environmental factors on signal propagation. For example, temperature changes, humidity changes, and wind speed will affect the propagation path and phase of the signal. Therefore, in actual operation, these environmental factors need to be monitored in real time, and the calibration parameters need to be dynamically adjusted based on the monitoring results.

[0066] To achieve this goal, an environmental monitoring module can be introduced, which can monitor environmental parameters in real time and transmit data to the control system. The control system automatically adjusts the calibration parameters according to the changes in environmental parameters to ensure the accuracy of the calibration process. For example, when the temperature rises and the signal propagation speed changes, the control system will adjust the phase control parameters accordingly to compensate for the impact of temperature changes on the signal propagation path.

[0067] In addition, in order to further improve the accuracy of calibration, a multi-frequency calibration method can be used. Calibration at different frequency points can ensure the phase consistency of the signal in the entire working frequency band. In specific operations, the above calibration process can be repeated at multiple predetermined frequency points, and the amplitude attenuation and relative phase control parameters at each frequency point can be recorded. Then, through interpolation or fitting methods, a calibration parameter curve in the entire frequency band can be generated, thereby achieving accurate calibration of any frequency point.

[0068] In one embodiment, an electronic device is also provided, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein the memory is coupled to the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the phased array antenna reception calibration method for the built-in local oscillator described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0069] In summary, the calibration logic design adopted by the present invention is extremely concise and clear, ensuring that the transmitting antenna does not need to perform any movement operation when executing the calibration procedure. This design significantly improves the efficiency of the calibration operation, making the entire process more efficient and convenient, especially for phased array systems with integrated local oscillators.

[0070] The calibration technology of the present invention is not only applicable to phased array systems with integrated local oscillators, but can also be widely used in the calibration of various highly integrated active phased array radars (AIP phased arrays). Therefore, the present invention has broad application prospects and practical application value in the field of radar system calibration.

[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phased array antenna receiving calibration method with a built-in local oscillator, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Building and configuring a test system, the test system comprising a transmitting antenna and a signal source; the transmitting antenna is located on the central axis of the phased array antenna, and the transmitting antenna is connected to the signal source; The phased array antenna is divided according to its layout, and is divided into a plurality of centrosymmetric annular regions according to the central axis of the phased array antenna, and each annular region has one or more centrosymmetric subunits, and each subunit includes a plurality of antenna channels of the same number; The phased array antenna is used to receive signals and the transmitting antenna is used to transmit signals. Amplitude and phase calibration is performed between antenna channels within the subunits of the annular area, between subunits of the annular area, and between different annular areas to achieve receiving calibration of the entire phased array antenna.

2. The method for calibrating the reception of a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test system also includes a control computer, one end of which is connected to the phased array antenna for configuring and controlling different antenna channels of the phased array antenna to receive signals, and the other end of the control computer is connected to a signal source for adjusting the frequency and power settings of the signal source.

3. The receiving calibration method of a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular area has multiple centrally symmetrical sub-units, which specifically include corner units, x-axis mirror units and y-axis mirror units. The corner units are multiple antenna channels located at the four corners of the annular area, the x-axis mirror units are multiple antenna channels located in the x-axis direction of the annular area and are centrally symmetrical, and the y-axis mirror units are multiple antenna channels located in the y-axis direction of the annular area and are centrally symmetrical.

4. The receiving calibration method of a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the method, first calibration is performed in the corner unit, the x-axis mirror unit, and the y-axis mirror unit respectively to obtain a first amplitude control value and a first phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel; a second calibration is performed between sub-units in the same annular area to obtain a second amplitude control value and a second phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel; a third calibration is performed between different annular areas to obtain a third amplitude control value and a third phase control value of the corresponding antenna channel; the first amplitude control value, the second amplitude control value, and the third amplitude control value are added to obtain a final amplitude control value, and the first phase control value, the second phase control value, and the third phase control value are added to obtain a final phase control value, thereby realizing the reception calibration of the entire phased array antenna.

5. The receiving calibration method of a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the method, when performing the first calibration in the second annular area corner unit, the following steps are included: The first corner antenna channel, the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel, and the fourth corner antenna channel of the corner unit of the second annular area are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first corner antenna channel, the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel, and the fourth corner antenna channel of the phased array antenna receive and obtain corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Based on the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, obtain a first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel, adjust the phase of the test signal received by the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel until the phase of the test signal of the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel is the same as the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, and record the corresponding first phase control value; Based on the amplitude of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, obtain the first amplitude control value corresponding to the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel, adjust the amplitude of the test signals received by the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel until the amplitude of the test signals of the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel is the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, record the corresponding first amplitude control value, and complete the first calibration within the corner unit of the second annular area.

6. The receiving calibration method of a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the method, when performing the first calibration in the x-axis mirror unit of the second annular region, the following steps are included: The first x-axis antenna channel, the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel of the second annular area corner unit are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first x-axis antenna channel, the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel of the phased array antenna receive and acquire corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Based on the phase of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, obtaining a first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel, adjusting the phase of the test signal received by the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel until the phase of the test signal of the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel, and the fourth x-axis antenna channel is the same as the phase of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, and recording the corresponding first phase control value; Based on the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, obtain the first amplitude control values ​​corresponding to the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel and the fourth x-axis antenna channel, adjust the amplitudes of the test signals received by the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel and the fourth x-axis antenna channel until the amplitudes of the test signals of the second x-axis antenna channel, the third x-axis antenna channel and the fourth x-axis antenna channel are the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, record the corresponding first amplitude control values, and complete the first calibration within the x-axis mirror unit of the second annular area.

7. The receiving calibration method of a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the method, when performing the first calibration in the y-axis mirror unit of the second annular region, the following steps are included: The first y-axis antenna channel, the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel of the second annular area corner unit are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first y-axis antenna channel, the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel of the phased array antenna receive and acquire corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Based on the phase of the test signal corresponding to the first y-axis antenna channel, obtaining a first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel, adjusting the phase of the test signal received by the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel until the phase of the test signal of the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel, and the fourth y-axis antenna channel is the same as the phase of the test signal of the first y-axis antenna channel, and recording the corresponding first phase control value; Based on the amplitude of the test signal of the first y-axis antenna channel, obtain the first amplitude control values ​​corresponding to the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel and the fourth y-axis antenna channel, adjust the amplitudes of the test signals received by the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel and the fourth y-axis antenna channel until the amplitudes of the test signals of the second y-axis antenna channel, the third y-axis antenna channel and the fourth y-axis antenna channel are the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, record the corresponding first amplitude control values, and complete the first calibration in the y-axis mirror unit of the second annular area.

8. The method for calibrating the reception of a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the method, when performing the first calibration in the first annular area corner unit, the following steps are included: The first corner antenna channel, the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel, and the fourth corner antenna channel of the corner unit of the first annular area are opened, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the first corner antenna channel, the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel, and the fourth corner antenna channel of the phased array antenna receive and obtain corresponding test signals, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Based on the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, obtain a first phase control value of the phase shifter corresponding to the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel, adjust the phase of the test signal received by the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel until the phase of the test signal of the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel is the same as the phase of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, and record the corresponding first phase control value; Based on the amplitude of the test signal of the first corner antenna channel, obtain the first amplitude control value corresponding to the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel, adjust the amplitude of the test signals received by the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel until the amplitude of the test signals of the second corner antenna channel, the third corner antenna channel and the fourth corner antenna channel is the same as the amplitude of the test signal of the first x-axis antenna channel, record the corresponding first amplitude control value, and complete the first calibration within the corner unit of the first annular area.

9. The method for receiving and calibrating a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the method, when performing the second calibration between the subunits in the same annular area, the following steps are included: All antenna channels corresponding to the two subunits in the same annular area after calibration are turned on, and other antenna channels are turned off, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the antenna channels turned on by the phased array antenna receive and obtain the test signals corresponding to the two subunits; Collecting the calibrated test signals of all antenna channels in one of the subunits and performing signal superposition synthesis to form a first synthetic signal; Collect the test signals of all antenna channels in another subunit after calibration and perform signal superposition synthesis; synchronously control the amplitude attenuation of all antenna channels corresponding to another subunit until the amplitude of the superimposed and synthesized signal of all antenna channels corresponding to the other subunit is equal to α1*P1, and the factor , D is the phase center distance from the transmitting antenna to the phase array antenna, d2 is the phase center distance from another subunit phase center to the phase array antenna; d1 is the phase center distance from one of the subunit phase centers to the phase array antenna, P1 is the amplitude of the first synthetic signal, obtain and record the corresponding second amplitude control value; Keep the amplitude and phase of all antenna channels of one of the subunits unchanged, synchronously change the phase of all antenna channels of another subunit until it is the same as the phase of the first synthetic signal of one of the subunits, obtain and record the corresponding second phase control value, and complete the second calibration between the subunits in the same annular area.

10. The receiving calibration method of a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the method, when performing the third calibration between different annular areas, the following steps are included: All antenna channels of a subunit of the first annular area and all antenna channels of a subunit of the second annular area after calibration are turned on, and other antenna channels are turned off, the transmitting antenna transmits a test frequency signal, and the phased array antenna receives and acquires the test signals of all antenna channels corresponding to a subunit of the first annular area and the test signals of all antenna channels corresponding to a subunit of the second annular area, wherein the test signals include phase information and amplitude information; Collecting the test signals of all antenna channels in a subunit of the calibrated second annular area and superimposing the signals to form a first synthetic signal; Collecting the test signals of all antenna channels in a subunit of the calibrated first annular area and performing signal superposition synthesis; Synchronously control the amplitude attenuation of all antenna channels corresponding to a subunit of the first annular area until the amplitude of the superimposed composite signal of all antenna channels corresponding to the subunit is equal to α3*P1, and the factor , D is the phase center distance from the transmitting antenna to the phase array antenna, d4 is the phase center distance from a subunit of the first annular area to the phase center of the phase array antenna; d1 is the phase center distance from a subunit of the second annular area to the phase center of the phase array antenna, P1 is the amplitude of the first synthetic signal, obtain and record the corresponding third amplitude control value; Keeping the amplitude and phase of all antenna channels of a subunit of the second annular area unchanged, synchronously transforming the phase of the superimposed synthesized signal of all antenna channels of a subunit of the first annular area until the phase is the same as the first synthesized signal of a subunit of the second annular area, obtaining and recording the corresponding third phase control value, and completing the third calibration between different annular areas; All antenna channels corresponding to a subunit of the first annular area and all antenna channels corresponding to a subunit of other annular areas are opened in sequence and simultaneously, and the above steps are repeated to complete the third calibration of all annular areas.

11. The receiving calibration method of a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase centers of the centrally symmetric sub-units coincide with the physical center of the phased array antenna.

12. The method for receiving and calibrating a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The multi-frequency calibration method is adopted to perform multiple calibrations at different frequency points.

13. The receiving calibration method of a phased array antenna with a built-in local oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjust the signal source frequency to the test frequency; based on the dynamic range and sensitivity of the phased array antenna, adjust the signal source power to the transmission power.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein the memory is coupled to the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the phased array antenna receiving calibration method as described in any one of claims 1 to 13 is implemented.

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