Straw smashing and returning equipment and using method thereof

Abstract

The straw smashing and returning equipment comprises a rack, a transmission box is arranged at the top of the rack, a transmission universal joint is arranged at one end of the transmission box, and one end of the transmission universal joint is in transmission connection with a second transmission shaft; the crushing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rack, the crushing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft which is in transmission connection with the transmission box, and a plurality of crushing blades are arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft at equal intervals; the equipment integrates straw crushing, nitrogen fertilizer spreading and biodegradation agent spraying, so that the operation efficiency is improved, and the time and labor cost required by multiple times of operation are reduced; through mechanical structures such as a transmission box, a transmission shaft, a bevel gear and a chain transmission assembly, efficient transmission of power is achieved, and stability and reliability of equipment operation are guaranteed; the smashing mechanism adopts smashing blades rotating at a high speed, the straw can be effectively cut and smashed into fine particles, and follow-up decomposition and field returning are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of returning straw to fields, and in particular to a straw crushing and returning-to-field device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Straw crushing and returning to the field is an important way of straw treatment. It aims to mechanically crush the harvested crop straw and evenly scatter it on the surface, and then bury the straw in the soil through plowing and other methods, so that it can decompose naturally in the soil, provide nutrients to the soil, improve soil structure, and increase soil fertility.

[0003] If the existing straw crushing and returning equipment simply crushes the straw in the field without the function of spraying relevant agents to promote the decomposition and degradation of the straw, and simply crushes the straw in the field without taking any measures to promote the decomposition of the straw, the decomposition rate of the straw will be very slow. The slow decomposition rate of the straw will lead to excessive accumulation of organic matter in the soil, affecting the soil's air permeability and water and fertilizer retention capacity. In severe cases, it may even cause the soil to become compacted, which is not conducive to the growth of crops. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a straw crushing and returning device to the field and a method of using the same to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a straw crushing and returning device, comprising: A frame, a transmission box is arranged on the top of the frame, one end of the transmission box is provided with a transmission universal joint, and one end of the transmission universal joint is transmission-connected with a second transmission shaft; A crushing mechanism is placed at the bottom of the frame, the crushing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft drivingly connected to a transmission box, and a plurality of crushing blades are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft; The throwing and spraying mechanism is placed on the top of the frame. The throwing and spraying mechanism includes a material storage box and a liquid storage tank. A conveying pipe for conveying materials is arranged inside the material storage box. A throwing part is arranged at the bottom of the conveying pipe for spreading nitrogen fertilizer to promote straw decomposition. A pump body is arranged on one side of the liquid storage tank for spraying biodegradable agents.

[0006] Preferably, arc-shaped limit pressure plates are installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame, one side of the frame is vertically slidably connected to two lifting shafts, a first spring is sleeved between the middle part of the lifting shaft and the frame, the middle part of the lifting shaft is fixedly connected to a limit ring, and a rolling roller is rotatably connected between the two lifting shafts.

[0007] Preferably, the second transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the middle of the transmission box, the middle of the second transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the first active bevel gear, both sides of the first active bevel gear are meshedly connected to the first driven bevel gear, the top of the frame is rotatably connected to the first transmission shaft and the third transmission shaft, and the first transmission shaft and the third transmission shaft are both fixedly connected to the first driven bevel gear.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the frame, and one side of the first transmission shaft is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft via a chain transmission assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the material storage box is fixedly connected to the top of the frame, one end of the second transmission shaft is inserted into the conveying pipe, a feed port is provided at the top of the conveying pipe, an inclined plate cooperating with the feed is fixedly connected to the interior of the material storage box, a spiral blade is rotatably connected to the interior of the conveying pipe, and the spiral blade is slidably connected to the conveying pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the spreading part includes a spreading shaft rotatably connected to the bottom of one end of the conveying pipe, the bottom of the spreading shaft is fixedly connected to a centrifugal spreading disk, a discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe and above the centrifugal spreading disk, the top of the spreading shaft is fixedly connected to a second driven bevel gear, the outer side of the second driven bevel gear is meshedly connected to a second driving bevel gear, and the second driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid storage tank is fixedly connected to the top of the frame and close to one side of the third transmission shaft, the outer side of the third transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a limit block, the outer side of the limit block is slidably connected with a transmission plate, a second spring is sleeved between the transmission plate and the end of the second active bevel gear, and the outer side of the third transmission shaft is threadedly connected with a threaded tube for driving the transmission plate to move toward the end of the third transmission shaft.

[0012] Preferably, a liquid filling port is provided at the top of the liquid storage tank, a pump body is fixedly connected to one side of the liquid storage tank, an impeller is rotatably connected inside the pump body, a driving disk is fixedly connected to the middle of the impeller, a plurality of limiting columns are fixedly connected to one side of the driving disk, a through hole cooperating with the limiting column is provided in the middle of the driving disk, the output end of the pump body is connected to a spray pipe through a water pipe, the spray pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the frame and has a plurality of atomizing nozzles fixedly connected thereto at equal intervals.

[0013] A method for using a straw crushing and returning device to a field, comprising the following steps: It is connected to the second transmission shaft through the transmission universal joint and drives the mechanical operation of the entire system. The second transmission shaft transmits power to other components, including the rotating shaft, spiral blades, spreading shaft and pump body, through the bevel gear transmission system; The rotating shaft is driven by the second transmission shaft, and multiple crushing blades arranged equidistantly on the outside start to rotate at high speed, crushing the straw through cutting action; The material in the storage box is transported to the spreading part through the conveying pipe. The spiral blades in the conveying pipe help propel the material. At the same time, the biodegradable agent in the liquid storage tank is transported through the pump body and sprayed onto the straw to promote the decomposition of the straw. The nitrogen fertilizer in the storage box is evenly spread through the spreading part of the conveying pipe, and the centrifugal spreading disc helps distribute the fertilizer to the field soil to enhance soil fertility.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the equipment integrates straw crushing, nitrogen fertilizer spreading and biodegradation agent spraying, thereby improving the operation efficiency and reducing the time and labor cost required for multiple operations; through mechanical structures such as a transmission box, a transmission shaft, a bevel gear and a chain transmission assembly, efficient power transmission is achieved, and the stability and reliability of the equipment operation are ensured; the crushing mechanism adopts a high-speed rotating crushing blade, which can effectively cut and crush the straw into fine particles, which is convenient for subsequent decomposition and return to the field; the spreading mechanism uses spiral blades and a centrifugal spreading disc to achieve uniform spreading of nitrogen fertilizer; at the same time, the pump body evenly sprays the biodegradation agent onto the straw through the linkage of the impeller and the drive disc, further promoting the degradation of the straw; the pressure of the rolling roller can be adjusted by the lifting shaft and the spring to adapt to the operation requirements of different terrains and straw types; the cooperation of the threaded pipe and the transmission disc enables the drive of the pump body to be flexibly controlled, meeting the requirements under different operation scenarios; by spreading nitrogen fertilizer and biodegradation agent, not only the decomposition of the straw is promoted, but also the soil fertility is improved, and the pollution of the environment caused by straw burning is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing blade of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the centrifugal spreading plate of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the delivery pipe of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid storage tank of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the threaded pipe of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the limit block of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. frame; 2. first transmission shaft; 3. chain transmission assembly; 4. rotating shaft; 5. crushing blade; 6. arc-shaped limit pressure plate; 7. rolling roller; 8. lifting shaft; 9. first spring; 10. transmission box; 11. second transmission shaft; 12. first active bevel gear; 13. first driven bevel gear; 14. transmission universal joint; 15. storage box; 16. conveying pipe; 17. spiral blade; 18. discharge pipe; 19. spreading shaft; 20. centrifugal spreading plate; 21. second active bevel gear; 22. second driven bevel gear; 23. liquid storage tank; 24. spraying pipe; 25. pump body; 26. driving plate; 27. limit column; 28. transmission plate; 29. ​​second spring; 30. threaded pipe; 31. limit block; 32. third transmission shaft; 33. connecting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] See also Figure 1-Figure 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a straw crushing and returning equipment, comprising: a frame 1, a transmission box 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame 1, one end of the transmission box 10 is provided with a transmission universal joint 14 which is transmission-connected to the tractor, one end of the transmission universal joint 14 is transmission-connected to a second transmission shaft 11, and the transmission box 10 is rotationally connected to the second transmission shaft 11; a crushing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the frame 1, the crushing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft 4 which is transmission-connected to the transmission box 10, and a plurality of crushing blades 5 are equidistantly fixed to the outer side of the rotating shaft 4; a spraying mechanism is arranged at the top of the frame 1, the spraying mechanism comprises a material storage box 15 and a liquid storage box 23, a conveying pipe 16 for conveying materials is arranged inside the material storage box 15, a spraying part is arranged at the bottom of the conveying pipe 16, which is used to spray nitrogen fertilizer to promote straw decomposition, and a pump body 25 is arranged at one side of the liquid storage tank 23, which is used to spray biodegradable agent.

[0019] It should be noted that the transmission box 10 of the present invention is connected to the top of the frame 1. By connecting to the tractor transmission system, the transmission box 10 receives the tractor power, and then drives the operation of the rotating shaft 4 and the crushing blade 5. The rotating shaft 4 rotates by the power of the transmission box 10. A plurality of crushing blades 5 are fixed on the rotating shaft 4. As the rotating shaft 4 rotates at a high speed, the blades cut and crush the straw material, helping the material to be more finely crushed and easy to decompose; the storage box 15 stores nitrogen fertilizer for promoting straw decomposition. The conveying pipe 16 conveys the material in the storage box 15 to the spreading part, and the nitrogen fertilizer is conveyed to the crushed straw through the conveying pipe 16 to help increase the decomposition speed of the straw. The spreading part is located at the bottom of the conveying pipe 16, and is responsible for evenly spreading the nitrogen fertilizer in the area after the straw is crushed.

[0020] Liquid storage tank 23 and pump body 25 Liquid storage tank 23 stores biodegradation agent, and pump body 25 is responsible for spraying biodegradation agent onto straw, further accelerating the natural degradation process of straw. After the tractor is connected to the transmission system of the equipment, the transmission box 10 transmits power to the rotating shaft 4, and the crushing mechanism starts to work to cut and crush the straw. At the same time, the nitrogen fertilizer in the storage box 15 is transported to the spreading part through the delivery pipe 16, and the fertilizer is evenly spread on the crushed straw to promote the decomposition of the straw. The biodegradation agent is sprayed onto the surface of the straw through the pump body 25, further promoting the degradation of the straw and improving the soil quality. The equipment is driven by the transmission system of the tractor, reducing the complexity of manual operation and improving the working efficiency. Combining straw crushing, nitrogen fertilizer spreading and biodegradation agent spraying, the efficiency and effect of returning straw to the field are improved. By spreading nitrogen fertilizer and biodegradation agent, not only the decomposition of straw is promoted, but also the soil fertility can be improved and the pollution of straw burning to the environment can be reduced.

[0021] Among them, arc-shaped limiting pressure plates 6 are installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame 1, two lifting shafts 8 are vertically slidably connected to one side of the frame 1, a first spring 9 is sleeved between the middle part of the lifting shaft 8 and the frame 1, a limiting ring is fixed to the middle part of the lifting shaft 8, and a rolling roller 7 is rotatably connected between the two lifting shafts 8.

[0022] It should be noted that the arc-shaped limit pressing plate 6 of the present invention is installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame 1 to limit and guide the flow and crushing area of ​​the straw material. The arc-shaped limit pressing plate 6 is connected to the frame 1 through a connecting frame 33. The number of the connecting frames 33 is two pairs. The two pairs of connecting frames 33 are arranged oppositely in the left and right directions of the frame, and each pair of connecting frames 33 includes two connecting frames 33. The two connecting frames 33 are arranged oppositely in the front-to-back direction. The front-to-back direction of the arc-shaped limit pressing plate 6 is respectively pivoted to the two connecting frames 33 in the front-to-back direction, and the height of the arc-shaped limit pressing plate 6 on the connecting frame 33 is adjustable.

[0023] Optionally, the angle of the arc-shaped limiting pressure plate 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the different heights of the arc-shaped limiting pressure plate 6 in the front-to-back direction. In other words, when the arc-shaped limiting pressure plate 6 is higher in the front and lower in the back, the straw can enter the bottom of the arc-shaped limiting pressure plate 6 more smoothly and be gradually squeezed under the arc-shaped limiting pressure plate 6, thereby improving the quality of the straw return to the field and achieving a more uniform crushing effect. The arc-shaped structure can also enable it to adapt to straws of different shapes.

[0024] Optionally, the angle of the connecting frame 33 relative to the frame 1 can also be adjusted, that is, the upper end of the connecting frame 33 is pivotally connected to the frame 1, and by adjusting the angle of the connecting frame 33, the arc-shaped limiting plates 6 on the left and right sides can realize a trumpet-shaped structure that is wide in front and narrow in the back, so that the straw can be better guided to the crushing blade 5, thereby improving the crushing effect.

[0025] The lifting shaft 8 is located on one side of the frame 1, and the position of the rolling roller 7 is adjusted by vertical sliding. The rolling roller 7 rolls the straw by rotating, effectively compacts and crushes the straw, and ensures that the degree of fine crushing of the straw is appropriate. It can change the pressure between the rolling roller 7 and the straw according to the adjustment of the lifting shaft 8 to achieve different crushing effects. The pressure of the rolling roller 7 can be adjusted according to different operation requirements or the hardness of different straws to achieve different degrees of straw crushing. The first spring 9 is located in the middle of the lifting shaft 8. The first spring 9 mainly plays the role of providing elastic support, which can maintain a certain elasticity when the lifting shaft 8 is stressed, so that it returns to the initial position or buffers the impact of the force on the equipment. The lifting shaft 8 slides vertically on the frame 1. By adjusting the position of the lifting shaft 8, the rolling roller 7 can be driven to rise or fall, and the gap between the rolling roller 7 and the ground or the straw layer can be controlled, thereby adjusting the crushing intensity.

[0026] When the lifting shaft 8 moves, the first spring 9 will be compressed or stretched, which plays a role in reducing impact and maintaining stability. The spring can also ensure that the pressure of the rolling roller 7 can adapt to different ground or straw densities, thereby avoiding damage to the equipment due to excessive or insufficient pressure. When the equipment is running, the lifting shaft 8 can adjust the height of the rolling roller 7 according to different operating requirements through a sliding connection with the frame 1. The elastic support of the first spring 9 enables the lifting shaft 8 to buffer the impact force when it is subjected to force, thereby avoiding damage to the equipment. The limit ring serves to limit the moving range of the lifting shaft 8, ensuring that the height of the rolling roller 7 is adjusted within a safe and effective range.

[0027] Among them, the second transmission shaft 11 is rotatably installed in the middle of the transmission box 10, the middle of the second transmission shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the first active bevel gear 12, and the first driven bevel gear 13 is meshed and connected on both sides of the first active bevel gear 12. The top of the frame 1 is rotatably connected to the first transmission shaft 2 and the third transmission shaft 32, and the first transmission shaft 2 and the third transmission shaft 32 are both fixedly connected to the first driven bevel gear 13. The rotating shaft 4 is rotatably connected to the inside of the frame 1, and one side of the first transmission shaft 2 is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft 4 through the chain transmission assembly 3, and the rotating shaft 4 drives the crushing blade 5 to rotate at high speed for crushing.

[0028] It should be noted that the second transmission shaft 11 of the present invention is installed in the middle of the transmission box 10 to transmit power and connect with other gear components; the first active bevel gear 12 drives the first driven bevel gear 13 by rotation, and the rotation of the first driven bevel gear 13 further drives the first transmission shaft 2 and the third transmission shaft 32.

[0029] Through the meshing of bevel gears, efficient transmission of power can be achieved while maintaining a high transmission efficiency; the first transmission shaft 2 transmits power to the rotating shaft 4 through the chain transmission assembly 3, and the crushing blade 5 rotates at a high speed under the drive of the rotating shaft 4. Through the sharpness and high-speed rotation of the blade, the straw is efficiently cut, so that the straw is effectively crushed and compressed; the power source enters the transmission box 10 through the second transmission shaft 11 and is transmitted to the first active bevel gear 12, the first active bevel gear 12 drives the first driven bevel gear 13, and the first driven bevel gear 13 drives the first transmission shaft 2 and the third transmission shaft 32; the first transmission shaft 2 transmits power to the rotating shaft 4 through the chain transmission assembly 3, and the rotating shaft 4 drives the crushing blade 5 to rotate at a high speed to crush the straw.

[0030] Through the precise meshing of gears and chain transmission, power can be transmitted efficiently and stably to ensure the efficient operation of the equipment. The precise matching between the transmission shaft and the gears and the stable operation of the rotating shaft ensure the high stability of the equipment during long-term use and avoid frequent failures. The high-speed rotating crushing blade 5 can ensure that the straw is finely crushed to achieve an ideal return to the field effect.

[0031] Among them, the storage box 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame 1, one end of the second transmission shaft 11 is inserted into the conveying pipe 16, the top of the conveying pipe 16 is provided with a feed port, the interior of the storage box 15 is fixedly connected with an inclined plate that cooperates with the feed, the interior of the conveying pipe 16 is rotatably connected with a spiral blade 17, the spiral blade 17 is slidably connected to the conveying pipe 16, and the spreading part includes a spreading shaft 19 rotatably connected to the bottom of one end of the conveying pipe 16, the bottom of the spreading shaft 19 is fixedly connected with a centrifugal spreading disk 20, and a discharge pipe 18 is installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe 16 and above the centrifugal spreading disk 20, the top of the spreading shaft 19 is fixedly connected with a second driven bevel gear 22, the outer side of the second driven bevel gear 22 is meshingly connected with a second active bevel gear 21, and the second active bevel gear 21 is fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft 11.

[0032] It should be noted that the second transmission shaft 11 of the present invention is inserted into the conveying pipe 16 through one end, and transmits power to the spiral blades 17 inside the conveying pipe through the spiral blades 17; the spiral blades 17 are slidably connected to the conveying pipe 16, and drive the material to be transported along the conveying pipe 16 to the position of the discharge pipe 18 during rotation; a second driven bevel gear 22 is connected to the top of the spreading shaft 19, and the second driven bevel gear 22 transmits power to the second active bevel gear 21 through meshing; the second active bevel gear 21 is fixed on the second transmission shaft 11, and the rotation of the spreading shaft 19 is realized by the meshing of the bevel gears; when the second transmission shaft 11 rotates, it is driven to rotate by the connection with the second active bevel gear 21; the second active bevel gear 21 and the second driven bevel gear 22 meshes, thereby driving the spreading shaft 19 to rotate; the power of the second transmission shaft 11 pushes the material to move along the conveying pipe 16 through the spiral blades 17, and the material is finally conveyed to the spreading plate through the discharge pipe 18 located above the spreading plate, ready for spreading operation; at the same time, the spreading shaft 19 drives the centrifugal spreading plate 20 to rotate at high speed, and uses the centrifugal force generated by the rotation to evenly spread the material to the area where sowing is required; the function of the spiral blades 17 is to push the material in the storage box to the conveying pipe and continuously transport it to the spreading plate area; the centrifugal spreading plate 20 spreads the material evenly to the target area through rotation; the cooperation of the spiral blades and the bevel gears is used to ensure that the power is effectively transmitted to the spreading shaft and the spreading plate, thereby completing the material transmission and throwing process.

[0033] Among them, the liquid storage tank 23 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame 1 and close to one side of the third transmission shaft 32, the outer side of the third transmission shaft 32 is fixedly connected to a limiting block 31, the outer side of the limiting block 31 is slidably connected with a transmission disc 28, a second spring 29 is sleeved between the transmission disc 28 and the end of the second active bevel gear 21, and the outer side of the third transmission shaft 32 is threadedly connected with a threaded tube 30 for driving the transmission disc 28 to move toward the end of the third transmission shaft 32. A liquid filling port is arranged on the top of the liquid storage tank 23, a pump body 25 is fixedly connected to one side of the liquid storage tank 23, an impeller is rotatably connected inside the pump body 25, a driving disc 26 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the impeller, a plurality of limiting columns 27 are fixedly connected to one side of the driving disc 26, a through hole matching the limiting column 27 is arranged in the middle part of the transmission disc 28, and the output end of the pump body 25 is connected to the spray pipe 24 through a water pipe, and the spray pipe 24 is fixedly connected to one side of the frame 1 and is equidistantly fixedly connected to a plurality of atomizing nozzles.

[0034] It should be noted that when the present invention needs to spray the liquid inside the liquid storage tank 23, the threaded tube 30 is rotated. Under the action of the threads of the threaded tube 30 and the third transmission shaft 32, the threaded tube 30 moves the transmission disc 28 forward along the limit block 31 on the outside of the third transmission shaft 32, so that the transmission disc 28 cooperates with the driving disc 26, and the limit column 27 is inserted into the transmission disc 28, thereby realizing linkage. The third transmission shaft 32 drives the driving disc 26 to rotate through the transmission disc 28 and the limit column 27, and the driving disc 26 drives the impeller in the casing to rotate. Under the action of the impeller, the liquid inside the liquid storage tank 23 enters the spray pipe 24 through the pump body 25, and is sprayed out through the atomizing spray. A plurality of atomizing nozzles are equidistantly fixed to achieve uniform spraying of the liquid. When the pump body 25 needs to be driven, the threaded tube 30 is reset. Under the action of the second spring 29, the transmission disc 28 is separated from the limit column 27.

[0035] A method for using a straw crushing and returning device to a field, comprising the following steps: The transmission shaft 11 is connected to the second transmission shaft 11 through the transmission universal joint 14. The connection between the second transmission shaft 11 and the transmission box 10 ensures effective power transmission, thereby driving the first active bevel gear 12. The first active bevel gear 12 drives the first driven bevel gear 13 to rotate, and the latter further drives the first transmission shaft 2 and the third transmission shaft 32 to rotate. The first transmission shaft 2 transmits power to the rotating shaft 4 through the chain transmission assembly 3, so that the rotating shaft 4 rotates at a high speed, driving the crushing blade 5 to cut and crush the straw; The storage box 15 stores nitrogen fertilizer, and the conveying pipe 16 conveys the nitrogen fertilizer to the top of the centrifugal spreading plate 20 through the spiral blades 17 and the discharge pipe 18. The bottom of the conveying pipe 16 is connected to a spreading shaft 19, which is driven by the second active bevel gear 21 and the second driven bevel gear 22. When the spreading shaft 19 rotates, it drives the centrifugal spreading plate 20 to rotate at a high speed, and uses centrifugal force to evenly spread the nitrogen fertilizer on the crushed straw, thereby accelerating the decomposition of the straw.

[0036] The liquid storage tank 23 stores biodegradation agents. The threaded tube 30 is threadedly connected to the third transmission shaft 32, so that the transmission disc 28 moves forward along the direction of the limit block 31 and is connected to the drive disc 26, so as to realize clutch control of the transmission of the pump body 25. The drive disc 26 drives the impeller inside the pump body 25 to rotate, and the pump body 25 draws liquid from the liquid storage tank, pushes the liquid to flow to the spray pipe 24 through the water pipe, and evenly sprays the liquid in the liquid storage tank on the straw through the atomizing nozzle, thereby further accelerating the biodegradation of the straw.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inside", "front", "center", "both ends" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and "screw-on" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A straw crushing and returning equipment, characterized in that: include: A frame, a transmission box is arranged on the top of the frame, one end of the transmission box is provided with a transmission universal joint, and one end of the transmission universal joint is transmission-connected with a second transmission shaft; A crushing mechanism is placed at the bottom of the frame, the crushing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft drivingly connected to a transmission box, and a plurality of crushing blades are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft; The throwing and spraying mechanism is placed on the top of the frame. The throwing and spraying mechanism includes a material storage box and a liquid storage tank. A conveying pipe for conveying materials is arranged inside the material storage box. A throwing part is arranged at the bottom of the conveying pipe for spreading nitrogen fertilizer to promote straw decomposition. A pump body is arranged on one side of the liquid storage tank for spraying biodegradable agents.

2. The straw crushing and returning to field equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Arc-shaped limiting pressure plates are installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame, one side of the frame is vertically slidably connected to two lifting shafts, a first spring is sleeved between the middle part of the lifting shaft and the frame, the middle part of the lifting shaft is fixedly connected to a limiting ring, and a rolling roller is rotatably connected between the two lifting shafts.

3. The straw crushing and returning to field equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the middle of the transmission box, the middle of the second transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the first active bevel gear, both sides of the first active bevel gear are meshedly connected to the first driven bevel gear, the top of the frame is rotatably connected to the first transmission shaft and the third transmission shaft, and the first transmission shaft and the third transmission shaft are both fixedly connected to the first driven bevel gear.

4. The straw crushing and returning to field equipment according to claim 3 is characterized by: The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the frame, and one side of the first transmission shaft is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft through a chain transmission assembly.

5. The straw crushing and returning to the field equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material storage box is fixedly connected to the top of the frame, one end of the second transmission shaft is inserted into the conveying pipe, a feed port is provided on the top of the conveying pipe, an inclined plate cooperating with the feed is fixedly connected to the interior of the material storage box, a spiral blade is rotatably connected to the interior of the conveying pipe, and the spiral blade is slidably connected to the conveying pipe.

6. The straw crushing and returning to the field equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spreading part includes a spreading shaft rotatably connected to the bottom of one end of the conveying pipe, the bottom of the spreading shaft is fixedly connected to a centrifugal spreading disk, a discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe and above the centrifugal spreading disk, the top of the spreading shaft is fixedly connected to a second driven bevel gear, the outer side of the second driven bevel gear is meshedly connected to a second driving bevel gear, and the second driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft.

7. The straw crushing and returning to the field equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid storage tank is fixedly connected to the top of the frame and close to one side of the third transmission shaft, the outer side of the third transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a limit block, the outer side of the limit block is slidably connected with a transmission plate, a second spring is sleeved between the transmission plate and the end of the second active bevel gear, and the outer side of the third transmission shaft is threadedly connected with a threaded tube for driving the transmission plate to move toward the end of the third transmission shaft.

8. The straw crushing and returning to the field equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A liquid filling port is arranged on the top of the liquid storage tank, a pump body is fixedly connected to one side of the liquid storage tank, an impeller is rotatably connected inside the pump body, a driving disk is fixedly connected to the middle of the impeller, a plurality of limiting columns are fixedly connected to one side of the driving disk, a through hole matching the limiting columns is arranged in the middle of the driving disk, an output end of the pump body is connected to a spray pipe through a water pipe, the spray pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the frame and a plurality of atomizing nozzles are fixedly connected at equal intervals.

9. The method for using the straw crushing and returning equipment to the field according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: It is connected to the second transmission shaft through the transmission universal joint and drives the mechanical operation of the entire system. The second transmission shaft transmits power to other components, including the rotating shaft, spiral blades, spreading shaft and pump body, through the bevel gear transmission system; The rotating shaft is driven by the second transmission shaft, and multiple crushing blades arranged equidistantly on the outside start to rotate at high speed, crushing the straw through cutting action; The material in the storage box is transported to the spreading part through the conveying pipe. The spiral blades in the conveying pipe help propel the material. At the same time, the biodegradable agent in the liquid storage tank is transported through the pump body and sprayed onto the straw to promote the decomposition of the straw. The nitrogen fertilizer in the storage box is evenly spread through the spreading part of the conveying pipe, and the centrifugal spreading disc helps distribute the fertilizer to the field soil to enhance soil fertility.

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